An automatic retraction device for a marine windlass

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic retracting device for a marine windlass, which relates to the technical field of marine machinery and includes an outer housing, an installation cavity, an anchor chain drum, a transmission shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism, a retracting and releasing mechanism, an anchor chain, and a retracting and releasing port; The structure of the present invention is reasonable and simple, the production cost is low, and the installation is convenient. When anchoring, through the coordinated operation of the motor, a specific transmission structure and the retracting and releasing mechanism, the anchor chain is guided to be smoothly and orderly released, avoiding entanglement and jamming, and can also slow down the release speed of the anchor chain to assist the ship in accurately berthing; During the anchoring and unanchoring processes of the present invention, the buffer mechanism cooperates with the adjustable buffer mechanism to effectively buffer the torque change of the transmission shaft, adapt to different working conditions, protect the key components of the equipment, extend the service life, and reduce the maintenance cost; When unanchoring, the retracting and releasing mechanism of the present invention works in reverse, and can orderly introduce the anchor chain outside the ship and wind it around the anchor chain drum. At the same time, the buffer mechanism continues to play a role to prevent sudden torque changes of the transmission shaft caused by force or speed changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of marine machinery, and particularly to an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch. Background Art

[0002] During ship operations, the anchor winch is a key device to ensure the safe mooring of the ship. Many problems have emerged in the actual use of traditional marine anchor winches.

[0003] Early anchor winches mostly adopted manual or simple mechanical drive methods. When anchoring and weighing anchor, crew members had to consume a large amount of physical strength and time, and the operation efficiency was extremely low, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-efficiency operations of modern ships. With the development of ship technology, electric anchor winches have gradually become popular, but these traditional electric anchor winches have obvious defects in the control accuracy during the process of paying out and retrieving the anchor chain. When the ship is in complex sea conditions, such as strong currents and high winds and waves, the speed of the anchor chain during pay-out and retrieval is likely to be unstable. The quickly paid-out anchor chain may cause the anchor gear to fail to reach the predetermined position accurately, and even impact the ship; when weighing anchor, if the chain retrieval speed is too fast, serious safety accidents such as anchor chain breakage may occur.

[0004] At the same time, the traditional anchor winch is relatively weak in buffer design. The ship sways constantly under the influence of wind and waves at sea, and the tension on the anchor chain changes at all times. Without an effective buffer mechanism, the transmission shaft is extremely vulnerable to damage due to excessive instantaneous torque, and frequent torque impacts will accelerate the wear of key components of the equipment, shorten the overall service life of the anchor winch, and increase the ship maintenance cost.

[0005] In addition, the traditional anchor winch also has deficiencies in anchor chain guiding. The anchor chain is prone to entanglement and jamming during pay-out and retrieval, which not only affects the operation efficiency, but also may cause uneven local stress on the anchor chain, reducing the strength and reliability of the anchor chain. Moreover, when the pay-out and retrieval of the anchor chain are completed, the locking method of the transmission shaft of the traditional anchor winch is relatively simple, making it difficult to withstand the swaying of the ship in harsh sea conditions, and the transmission shaft is prone to accidental rotation, loosening the anchor chain and endangering the mooring safety of the ship.

[0006] To solve the above problems of traditional marine anchor winches in pay-out and retrieval control, buffer protection, anchor chain guiding, and locking and fixing, it is extremely urgent to develop an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch with reasonable structure and reliable performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch to solve the problems of low operation efficiency, poor pay-out and retrieval control accuracy, insufficient buffer protection, poor anchor chain guiding, and unreliable locking and fixing of traditional marine anchor winches.

[0008] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a technical solution: a marine anchor winch automatic retraction device, comprising a housing, an installation cavity, an anchor chain drum, a transmission shaft, a first motor, a buffer mechanism, a retraction and release mechanism, an anchor chain, and a retraction and release opening; an installation cavity is provided inside the housing, and a retraction and release opening is provided on the lower right side of the installation cavity; the transmission shaft is movably connected to the center on the left side of the installation cavity; the anchor chain drum is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity, and the center inside the anchor chain drum is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft; the first motor is fixedly connected to the outside of the front left side of the housing, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the center on the front side of the transmission shaft; the buffer mechanism is provided on the outside of the rear left side of the housing, and the buffer mechanism is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft; the retraction and release mechanism is provided on the right side of the installation cavity; one side of the anchor chain is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum through the retraction and release opening and the retraction and release mechanism in sequence.

[0009] Preferably, the specific structure of the buffer mechanism includes a fixed housing, an adjustable buffer mechanism, an oil hole, a small hole, a guide hole, a first spring, a movable top block, a locking mechanism, a circular cavity, a ring body, a movable block, and a roller; the adjustable buffer mechanism is provided inside the left side of the housing, an oil hole is provided inside the edge of the housing, and one side opening of the oil hole is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism; the circular cavity is provided inside the center of the fixed housing, several guide holes are provided around the circular cavity, and the guide holes are all connected to the inside of the oil hole through the small holes; there are several movable top blocks, and the several movable top blocks are respectively movably connected inside the corresponding guide holes, and a first spring is provided between the inner sides of the several movable top blocks and the inside of the corresponding guide holes; there are two locking mechanisms, and the two locking mechanisms are respectively provided inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity; the ring body is movably connected inside the circular cavity; the movable block is movably connected to the inside of the ring body, one side inside the movable block is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft, and a roller is movably connected to the other side inside the movable block, and the roller is connected to the inner wall of the ring body.

[0010] Preferably, the specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism includes an oil cavity, a piston, a second spring, a slider, a screw rod, and a second motor; the oil cavity is provided inside the center of the left side of the fixed housing, and the upper side opening of the oil cavity is connected to one side opening of the oil hole; the piston is movably connected to the upper side of the oil cavity; the second motor is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower left side of the fixed housing; the screw rod is movably connected to the lower side of the oil cavity, and the center of the lower side of the screw rod is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the upper side of the second motor; the outside of the slider is movably connected to the lower side of the oil cavity, the threaded hole provided on the left side of the slider is connected to the screw rod, and a second spring is provided between the upper side of the slider and the lower side of the piston.

[0011] Preferably, the second motor is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

[0012] Preferably, the specific structure of the locking mechanism includes an oil cylinder, a connecting block, a sliding hole, an elastic ring, a limiting block and a locking block; the oil cylinder is fixedly connected inside the edge of the fixed housing, the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected with a connecting block, and a sliding hole is arranged inside the connecting block; the outer side of one end of the limiting block is movably connected inside the sliding hole, and the other end of the limiting block is fixedly connected with a locking block; an elastic ring is arranged between the locking block and the connecting block.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting block is in a T shape.

[0014] Preferably, the specific structure of the retracting and deploying mechanism includes a turntable, a driving device, a connecting shaft and a guide sprocket; there are two turntables, and the two turntables are respectively movably connected to the front and rear positions on the right side of the installation cavity. The upper and lower positions between the two turntables are fixedly connected by a connecting shaft, and guide sprockets are movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft; the driving device is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing, and the driving device is connected to the central shaft of the rear turntable.

[0015] Preferably, the specific structure of the driving device includes a driving housing, a worm gear, a motor three, a driving gear, a driven gear and a worm; the driving housing is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing; the worm gear is movably connected inside the center of the driving housing, and the center of the worm gear is fixedly connected to the central shaft of the turntable; the motor three is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing, and a driving gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the lower side of the motor three; the worm is movably connected inside the right side of the driving housing, the worm is connected to the worm gear, a driven gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper side of the worm, and the driven gear is connected to the driving gear.

[0016] Preferably, the motor one is a reduction motor.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) The structure of the present invention is reasonable and simple, the production cost is low, and the installation is convenient. When anchoring, through the coordinated operation of the motor, a specific transmission structure and the retracting and deploying mechanism, the anchor chain is guided to be released smoothly and orderly, avoiding entanglement and jamming, and can also slow down the release speed of the anchor chain to assist the ship to berth accurately.

[0018] (2) During the anchoring and weighing anchor processes of the present invention, the buffer mechanism and the adjustable buffer mechanism cooperate to effectively buffer the torque change of the transmission shaft, adapt to different working conditions, protect the key components of the equipment, extend the service life and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0019] (3) When weighing anchor in the present invention, the retracting and deploying mechanism works in reverse, and can orderly introduce the anchor chain outside the ship and wind it around the anchor chain drum. At the same time, the buffer mechanism continuously plays a role to prevent the sudden change of the torque of the transmission shaft caused by the force or speed change.

[0020] (4) After the anchor chain is retracted and released, the locking mechanism can effectively lock the transmission shaft, resist the swaying of the ship, prevent the anchor chain from loosening, and ensure the safety of the ship's berthing. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the sectional view of.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the buffer mechanism.

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustable buffer mechanism.

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking mechanism.

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the retracting and releasing mechanism.

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the driving device.

[0028] 1 - Outer housing; 2 - Installation cavity; 3 - Anchor chain drum; 4 - Transmission shaft; 5 - Motor 1; 6 - Buffer mechanism; 7 - Retracting and releasing mechanism; 8 - Anchor chain; 9 - Retracting and releasing port; 61 - Fixed housing; 62 - Adjustable buffer mechanism; 63 - Oil hole; 64 - Small hole; 65 - Guide hole; 66 - Spring 1; 67 - Movable top block; 68 - Locking mechanism; 69 - Circular cavity; 610 - Ring body; 611 - Movable block; 612 - Roller; 621 - Oil cavity; 622 - Piston; 623 - Spring 2; 624 - Slide block; 625 - Screw; 626 - Motor 2; 681 - Oil cylinder; 682 - Connecting block; 683 - Slide hole; 684 - Elastic ring; 685 - Limit block; 686 - Locking block; 71 - Turntable; 72 - Driving device; 73 - Connecting shaft; 74 - Guide sprocket; 721 - Driving housing; 722 - Worm gear; 723 - Motor 3; 724 - Driving gear; 725 - Driven gear; 726 - Worm. Detailed Embodiment

[0029] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the figure, the following technical solution is adopted in this specific embodiment: a marine anchor winch automatic retraction device, including a housing 1, an installation cavity 2, an anchor chain drum 3, a transmission shaft 4, a first motor 5, a buffer mechanism 6, a retraction and release mechanism 7, an anchor chain 8, and a retraction and release port 9; an installation cavity 2 is provided inside the housing 1, and a retraction and release port 9 is opened at the lower right side of the installation cavity 2; the transmission shaft 4 is movably connected to the center on the left side of the installation cavity 2; the anchor chain drum 3 is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity 2, and the inside of the center of the anchor chain drum 3 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 4; the first motor 5 is fixedly connected to the outside of the front left side of the housing 1, and the output shaft of the first motor 5 is fixedly connected to the center on the front side of the transmission shaft 4; the buffer mechanism 6 is provided outside the rear left side of the housing 1, and the buffer mechanism 6 is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft 4; the retraction and release mechanism 7 is provided on the right side of the installation cavity 2; one side of the anchor chain 8 is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum 3 through the retraction and release port 9 and the retraction and release mechanism 7 in sequence.

[0030] As Figure 3 shown, the specific structure of the buffer mechanism 6 includes a fixed housing 61, an adjustable buffer mechanism 62, an oil hole 63, a small hole 64, a guide hole 65, a first spring 66, a movable top block 67, a locking mechanism 68, a circular cavity 69, a ring body 610, a movable block 611, and a roller 612; the adjustable buffer mechanism 62 is provided inside the left side of the housing 1, an oil hole 63 is provided inside the edge of the housing 1, and one side opening of the oil hole 63 is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism 62; the circular cavity 69 is provided inside the center of the fixed housing 61, several guide holes 65 are opened around the circular cavity 69, and the guide holes 65 are all connected to the inside of the oil hole 63 through the small holes 64; there are several movable top blocks 67, and the several movable top blocks 67 are respectively movably connected inside the corresponding guide holes 65, and a first spring 66 is provided between the inner sides of the several movable top blocks 67 and the inside of the corresponding guide holes 65; there are two locking mechanisms 68, and the two locking mechanisms 68 are respectively provided inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity 69; the ring body 610 is movably connected inside the circular cavity 69; the movable block 611 is movably connected inside the ring body 610, one side inside of the movable block 611 is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft 4, and a roller 612 is movably connected inside the other side of the movable block 611, and the roller 612 is connected to the inner wall of the ring body 610.

[0031] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism 62 includes an oil chamber 621, a piston 622, a second spring 623, a slider 624, a screw rod 625, and a second motor 626; the oil chamber 621 is arranged inside the center of the left side of the fixed housing 61, and the upper opening of the oil chamber 621 is connected to the opening of one side of the oil hole 63; the piston 622 is movably connected to the upper side of the oil chamber 621; the second motor 626 is fixedly connected inside the lower left side of the fixed housing 61; the screw rod 625 is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber 621, and the center of the lower side of the screw rod 625 is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the upper side of the second motor 626; the outer part of the slider 624 is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber 621, the threaded hole provided on the left side of the slider 624 is connected to the screw rod 625, and a second spring 623 is arranged between the upper side of the slider 624 and the lower side of the piston 622.

[0032] Among them, the second motor 626 is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

[0033] As Figure 5 shown in the figure, the specific structure of the locking mechanism 68 includes an oil cylinder 681, a connecting block 682, a sliding hole 683, an elastic ring 684, a limiting block 685, and a locking block 686; the oil cylinder 681 is fixedly connected inside the edge of the fixed housing 61, the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 681 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 682, and a sliding hole 683 is arranged inside the connecting block 682; the outer part of one side of the limiting block 685 is movably connected inside the sliding hole 683, and the end of the other side of the limiting block 685 is fixedly connected with a locking block 686; an elastic ring 684 is arranged between the locking block 686 and the connecting block 682.

[0034] Among them, the limiting block 685 is in a T shape.

[0035] As Figure 6 shown in the figure, the specific structure of the retracting and deploying mechanism 7 includes a turntable 71, a driving device 72, a connecting shaft 73, and a guide sprocket 74; there are two turntables 71, and the two turntables 71 are respectively movably connected to the front and rear positions on the right side of the installation cavity 2, the upper and lower positions between the two turntables 71 are fixedly connected through a connecting shaft 73, and guide sprockets 74 are movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft 73; the driving device 72 is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing 1, and the driving device 72 is connected to the central axis of the rear turntable 71.

[0036] As Figure 7As shown, the specific structure of the driving device 72 includes a driving housing 721, a worm gear 722, a third motor 723, a driving gear 724, a driven gear 725, and a worm 726; the driving housing 721 is fixedly connected to the outer right rear side of the outer housing 1; the worm gear 722 is movably connected to the central interior of the driving housing 721, and the central interior of the worm gear 722 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the turntable 71; the third motor 723 is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing 721, and a driving gear 724 is fixedly connected to the lower output shaft of the third motor 723; the worm 726 is movably connected to the right interior of the driving housing 721, the worm 726 is connected to the worm gear 722, a driven gear 725 is fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the worm 726, and the driven gear 725 is connected to the driving gear 724.

[0037] Among them, the first motor 5 is a reduction motor.

[0038] The usage state of the present invention is as follows: The present invention has a reasonable and simple structure, low production cost, and is easy to install. When anchoring, first start the first motor 5. The first motor 5 is a reduction motor, and its output shaft drives the transmission shaft 4 to rotate. Since the central interior of the anchor chain drum 3 is fixedly connected to the exterior of the transmission shaft 4, the anchor chain drum 3 rotates counterclockwise accordingly, and starts to release the anchor chain 8. The anchor chain 8 is released from the anchor chain drum 3, and successively passes through the retracting and releasing mechanism 7 and the retracting and releasing port 9 and falls outside the ship. The retracting and releasing mechanism 7 starts to work. The driving device 72 is started, and the third motor 723 operates. The driving gear 724 on its lower output shaft drives the driven gear 725 to rotate. The driven gear 725 is fixedly connected to the upper exterior of the worm 726, so that the worm 726 rotates. The worm 726 is connected to the worm wheel 722 and drives the worm wheel 722 to rotate. The central interior of the worm wheel 722 is fixedly connected to the central axis of the turntable 71, and further enables the two turntables 71 to rotate synchronously by a certain angle. The connecting shaft 73 at the upper and lower positions between the two turntables 71 drives the guide sprocket 74 to rotate by a certain angle. The guide sprocket 74 guides the anchor chain 8 to be smoothly and orderly released through the retracting and releasing port 9, avoiding entanglement or jamming of the anchor chain 8. Additionally, by changing the direction when the anchor chain 8 is released, the speed of the released anchor chain 8 can be slowed down. As the anchor chain 8 is continuously released, the ship is gradually fixed at the designated position. During this process, the buffer mechanism 6 plays a role. The movable block 611 rotates together with the transmission shaft 4, and the roller 612 on one side of the movable block 611 rolls on the inner wall of the ring body 610. When the release speed of the anchor chain 8 is too fast or the ship is impacted by external forces such as water flow and wind and waves, the transmission shaft 4 will generate a certain instantaneous torque change. At this time, several movable top blocks 67 are in the corresponding guide holes 65, and through the elastic action of the first spring 66, a radial buffer force is applied to the ring body 610, and then through the roller 612 and the movable block 611, a buffering torque effect is exerted on the transmission shaft 4. At the same time, the adjustable buffer mechanism 62 is also working. The second motor 626 (servo motor or stepping motor) is started, and its output shaft drives the screw 625 to rotate. The screw 625 is threadedly connected to the slider 624. The slider 624 moves under the lower side of the oil chamber 621, and pushes the piston 622 to move up and down in the oil chamber 621 through the second spring 623. The upper opening of the oil chamber 621 is connected to the opening on one side of the oil hole 63, and the oil hole 63 is further connected to the guide holes 65 around the circular cavity 69 through the small holes 64. The movement of the piston 622 changes the pressure of the oil in the oil chamber, thereby adjusting the magnitude of the buffer force at the movable top block 67 to adapt to different working conditions. When it is necessary to raise the anchor, start the first motor 5, and its output shaft drives the transmission shaft 4 to rotate. The anchor chain drum 3 rotates accordingly and starts to wind up the anchor chain 8. The retracting and releasing mechanism 7 works in the reverse direction. The third motor 723 rotates in the reverse direction. Through the transmission of the driving gear 724, the driven gear 725, the worm 726, and the worm wheel 722, the turntable 71 rotates in the reverse direction. The guide sprocket 74 introduces the anchor chain 8 outside the ship from the retracting and releasing port 9 and orderly winds it around the anchor chain drum 3. The buffer mechanism 6 continues to play a role to prevent sudden torque mutation of the transmission shaft 4 caused by factors such as sudden force or motor speed change during the process of raising the anchor.Its working principle is similar to that during anchoring. Through the cooperation of components such as the movable top block 67, the first spring 66, and the adjustable buffer mechanism 62, it plays a buffering and protective role for the transmission shaft 4. During the entire anchoring process, if the buffering force needs to be adjusted, it can be achieved by controlling the operation of the second motor 626. When the anchor chain 8 is retracted and released, it is necessary to lock and fix the transmission shaft 4 to prevent it from rotating accidentally due to reasons such as ship swaying. At this time, the locking mechanism 68 starts to work. The two oil cylinders 681 are started respectively, and their piston rods extend, pushing the connecting block 682 to move towards the center of the circular cavity 69. The limiting block 685 (in a T shape) in the sliding hole 683 inside the connecting block 682 slides in the sliding hole 683, and the locking block 686 at the other end of the limiting block 685 moves towards the center of the circular cavity 69 accordingly. When the locking block 686 contacts the ring body 610, under the elastic action of the elastic ring 684, the locking block 686 tightly clamps the ring body 610, thereby restricting the rotation of the movable block 611, and further locking and fixing the transmission shaft 4.

[0039] The control method of the present invention is controlled by manual start or through existing automation technologies. The wiring diagram of the power element and the power supply are common knowledge in the art, and the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control method and wiring layout will not be explained in detail in the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the invention.

[0041] In the invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, terms such as "installation", "setting", "connection", "fixation", "swivel connection", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. It can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly limited, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0042] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of the invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, the invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the invention claimed. The scope of the invention claimed is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic retraction device for a marine windlass, characterized in that: It includes a housing (1), an installation cavity (2), an anchor chain drum (3), a transmission shaft (4), a first motor (5), a buffer mechanism (6), a winding and unwinding mechanism (7), an anchor chain (8), and a winding and unwinding port (9); An installation cavity (2) is provided inside the housing (1), and a winding and unwinding port (9) is opened at the lower right side of the installation cavity (2); The transmission shaft (4) is movably connected to the center on the left side of the installation cavity (2); The anchor chain drum (3) is movably connected to the left side of the installation cavity (2), and the inside of the center of the anchor chain drum (3) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft (4); The first motor (5) is fixedly connected to the outside of the front left side of the housing (1), and the output shaft of the first motor (5) is fixedly connected to the center on the front side of the transmission shaft (4); The buffer mechanism (6) is provided on the outside of the rear left side of the housing (1), and the buffer mechanism (6) is connected to the outside of the rear side of the transmission shaft (4); The winding and unwinding mechanism (7) is provided on the right side of the installation cavity (2); One side of the anchor chain (8) is wound and connected to the anchor chain drum (3) through the winding and unwinding port (9) and the winding and unwinding mechanism (7) in sequence; The specific structure of the buffer mechanism (6) includes a fixed housing (61), an adjustable buffer mechanism (62), an oil hole (63), a small hole (64), a guide hole (65), a first spring (66), a movable top block (67), a locking mechanism (68), a circular cavity (69), a ring body (610), a movable block (611), and a roller (612); The adjustable buffer mechanism (62) is provided inside the left side of the housing (1), and the oil hole (63) is provided inside the edge of the housing (1), and one side opening of the oil hole (63) is connected to the adjustable buffer mechanism (62); The circular cavity (69) is provided inside the center of the fixed housing (61), several guide holes (65) are opened around the circular cavity (69), and the guide holes (65) are all connected to the inside of the oil hole (63) through the small holes (64); There are several movable top blocks (67), and the several movable top blocks (67) are respectively movably connected to the inside of the corresponding guide holes (65), and a first spring (66) is provided between the inner sides of the several movable top blocks (67) and the inside of the corresponding guide holes (65); There are two locking mechanisms (68), and the two locking mechanisms (68) are respectively provided inside the upper and lower sides of the circular cavity (69); The ring body (610) is movably connected to the inside of the circular cavity (69); The movable block (611) is movably connected to the inside of the ring body (610), one side inside of the movable block (611) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission shaft (4), the other side inside of the movable block (611) is movably connected to a roller (612), and the roller (612) is connected to the inner wall of the ring body (610); 2. The automatic retraction device for a marine windlass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure of the adjustable buffer mechanism (62) includes an oil cavity (621), a piston (622), a second spring (623), a slider (624), a screw rod (625), and a second motor (626); The oil cavity (621) is provided inside the center of the left side of the fixed housing (61), and the upper side opening of the oil cavity (621) is connected to one side opening of the oil hole (63); The piston (622) is movably connected to the upper side of the oil chamber (621); The second motor (626) is fixedly connected to the inside of the lower left side of the fixed housing (61); The screw rod (625) is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber (621), and the center of the lower side of the screw rod (625) is fixedly connected to the output shaft on the upper side of the second motor (626); The outside of the slider (624) is movably connected to the lower side of the oil chamber (621). The threaded hole provided on the left side of the slider (624) is connected to the screw rod (625). A second spring (623) is provided between the upper side of the slider (624) and the lower side of the piston (622).

3. The automatic retracting device for a marine anchor winch according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second motor (626) is a servo motor or a stepper motor.

4. The automatic retracting device for a marine windlass according to claim 1, wherein: The specific structure of the locking mechanism (68) includes an oil cylinder (681), a connecting block (682), a sliding hole (683), an elastic ring (684), a limiting block (685) and a locking block (686); The oil cylinder (681) is fixedly connected to the inside of the edge of the fixed housing (61). The end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder (681) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (682), and a sliding hole (683) is provided inside the connecting block (682); One side of the limiting block (685) is movably connected to the inside of the sliding hole (683), and the other end of the limiting block (685) is fixedly connected to a locking block (686); An elastic ring (684) is provided between the locking block (686) and the connecting block (682).

5. The automatic retracting device for marine windlasses according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting block (685) is in a T shape.

6. The automatic retraction device for a marine windlass according to claim 1, wherein: The specific structure of the retracting and extending mechanism (7) includes a turntable (71), a driving device (72), a connecting shaft (73) and a guide sprocket (74); There are two turntables (71). The two turntables (71) are respectively movably connected to the front and rear positions on the right side of the installation cavity (2). The upper and lower positions between the two turntables (71) are fixedly connected by a connecting shaft (73), and guide sprockets (74) are movably connected to the outside of the connecting shaft (73); The driving device (72) is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing (1), and the driving device (72) is connected to the central axis of the rear turntable (71).

7. The automatic retracting device for a marine windlass according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific structure of the driving device (72) includes a driving housing (721), a worm gear (722), a third motor (723), a driving gear (724), a driven gear (725) and a worm (726); The driving housing (721) is fixedly connected to the outside of the right rear side of the outer housing (1); The worm gear (722) is movably connected to the inside of the center of the driving housing (721), and the center of the inside of the worm gear (722) is fixedly connected to the central axis of the turntable (71); The third motor (723) is fixedly connected to the top of the driving housing (721), and a driving gear (724) is fixedly connected to the lower output shaft of the third motor (723); The worm (726) is movably connected to the inside of the right side of the driving housing (721). The worm (726) is connected to the worm gear (722). A driven gear (725) is fixedly connected to the outside of the upper side of the worm (726), and the driven gear (725) is connected to the driving gear (724).

8. The automatic retracting device for marine windlasses according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first motor (5) is a reduction motor.

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