Soil conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly provides a soil conditioner as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The soil conditioner is prepared from the following raw materials: marigold flower residues and urea, wherein the mass ratio of the marigold flower residues to the urea is (200-250): (1-1.25). The soil conditioner prepared from the marigold flower residues and the urea through compost fermentation has an excellent soil improvement effect, plant growth is effectively promoted, compared with a traditional marigold flower residue treatment mode, the potential effect of marigold flower residue waste is fully utilized, maximum utilization of resources is achieved, and the method has the advantages of being environmentally friendly and low in cost. The purpose of turning waste into wealth is achieved, and the production cost of the soil conditioner is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of resource utilization of solid waste, and particularly relates to a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, due to the long-term unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers and excessive spraying of pesticides during the growth process of crops, problems such as soil compaction, reduced soil fertility, and serious soil degradation have occurred, which have greatly hindered the virtuous cycle of the ecological environment and the production of agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. Soil conditioners can effectively improve soil fertility, but there are still some problems. For example, some chemical conditioners (such as lime-based conditioners) may improve soil acidity and alkalinity in the short term, but long-term use may lead to soil compaction and poor structure; the production process of some conditioners (such as shell calcination) requires high-temperature treatment, resulting in a large amount of energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions; long-term and large-scale use of certain conditioners may lead to nutrient imbalance in the soil and inhibit crop growth. Again, current soil conditioners also have problems such as large dosage, high cost, short action period, and low application method effect.

[0003] Therefore, it is of great value to develop a soil conditioner with low cost, high effect, and simple production process. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the prior art to a certain extent. For this purpose, the present invention provides a soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof.

[0005] Specifically, the present invention provides the following technical solutions.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a soil conditioner, and the preparation raw materials thereof include: marigold residue and urea, and the mass ratio of the marigold residue to the urea is (200 - 250):(1 - 1.25).

[0007] The planting area of marigolds across the country is approximately over 300,000 mu. After the production of the main products such as marigold dry flower granules and ointments, approximately 22% of the marigold residue by-products remain. Marigold residue contains a large amount of organic matter, crude fiber, and also contains a small amount of substances such as protein, carbohydrates, and flavonoids. Currently, for the treatment of the marigold residue by-products generated during production, mainly landfill harmless treatment is carried out. This treatment method causes serious waste of resources because the potential role of marigold residue is not exploited. The inventor accidentally discovered that marigold residue can be used as a high-quality raw material for soil conditioners. Specifically, the material obtained after composting the marigold residue and urea in a certain proportion can be used as a high-quality soil conditioner to return to the land. On the one hand, marigold residue and urea have a good synergistic effect. They can not only quickly supplement the nitrogen source and optimize the C / N ratio, but also maintain the microbial activity and accelerate the decomposition of organic matter, thus significantly improving the soil improvement effect of the soil conditioner and extending the action cycle of the soil conditioner, effectively promoting plant growth. Moreover, compared with other types of flower residues, such as rose flower residue, stevia leaf residue, etc., the soil improvement effect and the effect of promoting plant growth of the soil conditioner prepared from marigold residue as the main raw material in the present invention are better. At the same time, controlling the mass ratio of marigold residue to urea within the above range can better exert the synergistic effect of marigold residue and urea, and then better exert the significant efficacy of the soil conditioner, avoiding the inhibition of microbial activity caused by too much urea addition and the easy volatilization of ammonia generated by the decomposition of excessive urea, which not only wastes resources but also produces a pungent smell and pollutes the air. Or too little urea addition prolongs the fermentation cycle, and the uncompletely decomposed organic matter continues to decompose after being applied to the soil, competing with crops for nitrogen and causing a short-term nitrogen deficiency phenomenon. On the other hand, compared with the traditional treatment method of marigold residue, the present application fully utilizes the potential efficacy of marigold residue waste, realizes the maximum utilization of resources, achieves the purpose of turning waste into treasure, and significantly reduces the production cost of the soil conditioner.

[0008] According to the soil conditioner provided by the present invention, the marigold residue includes, but is not limited to, the marigold residue after extracting lutein.

[0009] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the marigold residue is 1.4 - 2.5 mm. For example, the particle size of the marigold residue is 1.4 mm, 1.6 mm, 1.8 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, etc., or the range between any two of the above values. By controlling the particle size of the marigold residue within the above range, the composting fermentation time can be effectively shortened, the fermentation products can be enriched, and the soil improvement effect of the soil conditioner can be improved.

[0010] According to the soil conditioner provided by the present invention, the preparation raw materials further include crushed marigold straws. By adding crushed marigold straws, the survival rate of microorganisms can be increased, and it is more conducive to the progress of fermentation, enriching the types of compost fermentation products, making the obtained soil conditioner have a more excellent improvement effect. At the same time, the soil conditioner added with crushed marigold straws can significantly improve the soil air permeability when applied to the soil, thereby promoting the growth of plants.

[0011] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the moisture content of the crushed marigold straws is not more than 8%. Further, the moisture content can be made not more than 8% by drying the marigold straws at 80 - 100 °C, and then crushing the dried marigold straws to obtain marigold straws of a certain length.

[0012] Preferably, the length of the crushed marigold straws is not more than 2 cm.

[0013] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the marigold flower residue to the crushed marigold straws is (200 - 250):(0.8 - 1). By controlling the mass ratio of the marigold flower residue to the crushed marigold straws within the above range, the compost fermentation process can be effectively promoted, the fermentation products can be enriched, the improvement effect of the conditioner can be enhanced. At the same time, the prepared soil conditioner can significantly improve the soil air permeability when added to the soil, promoting the growth of plants.

[0014] According to the soil conditioner provided by the present invention, the preparation raw materials further include a microbial inoculant. By adding the microbial inoculant, on the one hand, it promotes the progress of compost fermentation, enriches the active ingredients of the conditioner, and improves the improvement effect of the soil conditioner. On the other hand, it enriches the types of beneficial microorganisms in the soil, promoting the restoration of the soil and the improvement of soil fertility.

[0015] According to the soil conditioner provided by the present invention, the microorganisms in the microbial inoculant include but are not limited to at least one of Bacillus, Saccharomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, Actinomycetes, Trichoderma, and Aspergillus niger. Preferably, it is a compound microbial inoculant containing Bacillus, Saccharomyces, Lactobacillus, Trichoderma, Actinomycetes, and Aspergillus niger. Using the microbial inoculant with the above types of microorganisms can effectively enrich the types of active products in the conditioner, improve the soil improvement effect of the conditioner, and promote the restoration of the soil. It should be noted that the present invention does not make special limitations on the specific source of the microbial inoculant, and those skilled in the art can select according to the actual situation, such as self-fermenting to prepare the microbial inoculant or purchasing commercially available microbial inoculants. For another example, commercially available products produced by manufacturers such as Shandong Junde Biotechnology, Shandong Yi'an Biotechnology, and Beijing Century Ames Biotechnology Co., Ltd. can be purchased.

[0016] Further, the microbial inoculant and its related enzyme substances can be compounded.

[0017] Preferably, the viable count of the effective bacteria in the microbial inoculant is ≥ 20 billion CFU / g.

[0018] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the marigold residue to the microbial inoculant is (200 - 250):(0.2 - 0.25). By controlling the mass ratio of the marigold residue to the microbial inoculant within the above range, the improvement effect of the soil conditioner can be effectively improved, and the soil restoration and plant growth can be promoted.

[0019] Preferably, by weight, the raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner include: 200 - 250 parts of the marigold residue, 0.8 - 1 part of crushed marigold straw, 1 - 1.25 parts of the urea, and 0.2 - 0.25 parts of the microbial inoculant.

[0020] In the second aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing the above soil conditioner, and the method includes: Laying the raw materials for preparing including marigold residue and urea on the straw for fermentation.

[0021] It is found that compared with other fermentation bedding materials, such as rice husk, distiller's grains, sugar residue, wood chips, sawdust, etc., by laying the raw materials for preparing including marigold residue and urea on the straw for fermentation in the present invention, the active ingredients of the fermentation products can be enriched, and a soil conditioner capable of improving soil vitality can be prepared by fermentation. At the same time, the method is simple, the production cost is low, no sewage is generated during the fermentation process, and there is no sewage discharge, avoiding the risk of environmental pollution. The prepared soil conditioner is solid, there is no need to remove excess moisture, it has a long shelf life, long-lasting fertility, no pollution, meets the requirements of the development of green agriculture in China, and has important guiding significance for the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture.

[0022] According to the method for preparing the soil conditioner provided by the present invention, the raw materials for preparing further include a microbial inoculant solution and crushed marigold straw.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above microbial inoculant solution is obtained by mixing a microbial inoculant with water. Further, the microorganisms in the microbial inoculant include but are not limited to at least one of Bacillus, Saccharomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, Acetobacter, Lactobacillus, Actinomyces, Trichoderma. Preferably Bacillus, Saccharomyces, Lactobacillus. It should be noted that the present invention does not make special limitations on the specific source of the microbial inoculant, and those skilled in the art can select according to the actual situation, such as self-fermenting to prepare the microbial inoculant or purchasing commercially available microbial inoculants. For another example, commercially available products produced by manufacturers such as Shandong Junde Biology, Shandong Yi'an Biology, and Beijing Century Ames Biotechnology Co., Ltd. can be purchased.

[0024] Preferably, the effective viable count of the microbial inoculum is ≥ 20 billion CFU / g.

[0025] Preferably, the concentration of the microbial inoculum solution is 5 - 6 g / L.

[0026] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the straw is laid on the ground, and then the preparation raw materials containing marigold residue and urea are laid on the straw for fermentation. By laying the straw, aerobic fermentation is promoted, the active ingredients of the fermentation products are enriched, and the improvement effect of the soil conditioner is enhanced.

[0027] Preferably, the thickness of the straw is 20 cm - 30 cm.

[0028] More preferably, the straw is marigold straw.

[0029] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the moisture content of the preparation raw materials is 55 - 65%. By controlling the moisture content of the preparation raw materials within the above range, it is more conducive to the progress of fermentation, thereby improving the improvement effect of the soil conditioner.

[0030] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, the fermentation time is 20 - 30 d, and the fermentation temperature does not exceed 65°C. Specifically, when the temperature exceeds 65°C, turn the pile once to ensure that the fermentation temperature does not exceed 65°C.

[0031] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, the preparation raw materials are covered with a black plastic film, which not only avoids direct sunlight but also plays a role in keeping warm and promoting fermentation. Further, the preparation raw materials are fermented in a normal temperature and rain - proof environment.

[0032] In the third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the application of the above - mentioned soil conditioner or the soil conditioner prepared by the above - mentioned method in improving soil physical and chemical properties or promoting plant growth.

[0033] The present invention has at least the following technical effects: (1) The soil conditioner prepared by composting and fermenting marigold residue and urea in the present invention has excellent soil improvement effects and a long action period, effectively promoting plant growth; compared with traditional marigold residue treatment methods, the present invention makes full use of the potential efficacy of marigold residue waste, realizes the maximum utilization of resources, achieves the purpose of turning waste into treasure, and significantly reduces the production cost of the soil conditioner.

[0034] (2) The preparation method of the present invention can prevent the marigold residue from generating sewage during the fermentation process, without any sewage discharge. The obtained modifier is solid, without the need to remove excess moisture. It has a long validity period, long-lasting fertility, and no pollution, meeting the requirements of the development of green agriculture in China and having important guiding significance for the sustainable and healthy development of agriculture. This method is simple, easy to operate and implement, with low cost and strong applicability, and can be widely promoted on a large scale. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some specific embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the field planting method test of Experiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a growth diagram of marigolds when the first to fourth embodiments and the first to third comparative examples of the present invention adopt the planting methods of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 respectively. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0037] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention. The following describes the present invention with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that these embodiments are only descriptive and do not limit the present invention in any way.

[0038] The compound microbial inoculum used in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention is purchased from Shandong Junde Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The microorganisms in the compound microbial inoculum include Bacillus subtilis, Trichoderma viride, Aspergillus niger, Actinomycetes, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Lactobacillus, and the viable bacteria ratio is 4:5:3:3:2:1, and the total effective viable bacteria count ≥ 20 billion CFU / g.

[0039] The marigold residue used in the embodiments of the present invention is provided by Chenguang Biotech Group Tengchong Co., Ltd. The marigold residue after extracting lutein can be purchased through commercial channels, and the particle size of the marigold residue is 1.4 - 2.5 mm.

[0040] Example 1 This example provides a soil modifier, and its preparation raw materials are as follows: 250 parts by weight of marigold residue, 1.25 parts by weight of urea.

[0041] This example also provides the preparation process of the above soil modifier as follows: S1. Accurately weigh the marigold residue and urea for standby; S2. Spread a layer of uncrushed marigold straw on the soil ground, with the marigold straw about 25 cm thick; S3. Mix the marigold flower residue and urea evenly to make a mixture, pile it on the marigold straw in step S2, and spray tap water to keep the moisture content at about 60%; S4. Cover the mixture in step S3 with a black plastic film, place it in a normal temperature and rain - sheltered environment, and stack it for aerobic fermentation for 30 days. When the temperature exceeds 65 °C, turn the pile once (only turn the mixture on the marigold straw during turning) to obtain a soil conditioner from the marigold flower residue waste.

[0042] Example 2 This example provides a soil conditioner, and its preparation raw materials are as follows: 200 parts by weight of marigold flower residue, 0.8 parts by weight of crushed marigold straw (the length of the marigold straw is about 2 cm, and the moisture content is about 6%), 1 part by weight of urea, 0.2 parts by weight of microbial inoculant.

[0043] This example also provides the preparation process of the above - mentioned soil conditioner as follows: S1. Accurately weigh the above - mentioned various materials for standby; S2. Mix the microbial inoculant with water to make a bacterial solution, and the concentration of the bacterial solution is 5 g / L; S3. Spread a layer of uncrushed marigold straw on the soil ground, about 25 cm thick; S4. Spray the bacterial solution in step S2 on the mixture made of marigold flower residue, urea and crushed marigold straw, pile it on the marigold straw in step S3, and keep the moisture content of the mixture at about 60%; S5. Cover the mixture in step S4 with a black plastic film, place it in a normal temperature and rain - sheltered environment, and stack it for aerobic fermentation for 25 days. When the temperature exceeds 65 °C, turn the pile once (only turn the mixture on the marigold straw during turning) to obtain a soil conditioner from the marigold flower residue waste.

[0044] Example 3 This example provides a soil conditioner, and its preparation raw materials are as follows: 250 parts by weight of marigold flower residue, 1 part by weight of crushed marigold straw (the length of the marigold straw is about 2 cm, and the moisture content is about 6%), 1.25 parts by weight of urea, 0.25 parts by weight of microbial inoculant.

[0045] This example also provides the preparation process of the above - mentioned soil conditioner as follows: S1. Accurately weigh the above - mentioned various materials for standby; S2. Mix the microbial inoculant with water to make a bacterial solution, and the concentration of the bacterial solution is 6 g / L; S3. Spread a layer of uncrushed marigold straw on the soil surface, about 25 cm thick; S4, spraying the bacterial solution of step S2 on a mixture made of marigold flower residue, urea, and crushed marigold stalks, and stacking the mixture on the marigold stalks of step S3, wherein the moisture content of the mixture is maintained at about 60%; S5. Cover the mixed material in step S4 with a black plastic film, pile it in a rain-proof environment at room temperature for aerobic fermentation for 20 days, and turn the pile once when the temperature exceeds 65° C. (only turn the mixed material on the marigold stalks during turning the pile), to obtain a soil conditioner of marigold flower residue waste.

[0046] Example 4 This embodiment provides a soil conditioner, and the raw materials for its preparation are as follows: 250 parts by weight of marigold flower residue, 1.25 parts by weight of urea, and 0.25 parts by weight of microbial agent.

[0047] This embodiment also provides the preparation process of the above soil conditioner as follows: S1. Accurately weigh the above materials for later use; S2, mixing the microbial agent with water to prepare a bacterial solution, the concentration of the bacterial solution is 6g / L; S3. Spread a layer of uncrushed marigold straw on the soil surface, about 25 cm thick; S4, spraying the bacterial solution of step S2 on the mixture made of marigold flower residue and urea, and stacking it on the marigold stalks of step S3, and maintaining the moisture content of the mixture at about 60%; S5. Cover the mixed material in step S4 with a black plastic film, pile it in a rain-proof environment at room temperature for aerobic fermentation for 20 days, and turn the pile once when the temperature exceeds 65° C. (only turn the mixed material on the marigold stalks during turning the pile), to obtain a soil conditioner of marigold flower residue waste.

[0048] Comparative Example 1 For the blank control group of the potted plant simulation test, no soil conditioner was added, and only the soil from the 5-35 cm soil layer of the land to be improved was placed in the flower pot.

[0049] Comparative Example 2 As the blank control group of the ground planting simulation experiment, the improved land was only deep-ploughed and ponds were dug at different locations (the pond depth was 15-20 cm), and no prepared soil conditioner was added.

[0050] In order to verify the efficacy of the soil conditioner of the present invention in terms of soil fertility enhancement and plant growth promotion, the following test was conducted.

[0051] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a soil conditioner, and the raw materials for its preparation are as follows: 250 parts by weight of marigold flower residue.

[0052] The preparation process of the soil conditioner provided in this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0053] Test 1 (potted plants) Each group selected 50 plastic pots with a height of 21 cm and a width of 26 cm, and each pot was filled with soil of a 5-35 cm soil layer, which refers to the soil of a 5-35 cm soil layer of the land to be improved. 300 g of the soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 3 were taken respectively, mixed evenly with the soil to be improved, and then filled into the pots, and 3 groups of tests were carried out for observation.

[0054] Test 2 (ground planting) The land to be improved was rotary tilled (tillage depth 30cm), and the ponds were staggered (pond depth 15-20cm). 300g of soil conditioner prepared in Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 3 was placed in each hole, and covered with 1cm thick soil to be improved. Double rows were planted, with a row spacing of 40cm and a plant spacing of 30cm, and each group was paralleled 30 times. (Refer to Figure 1 ) Plant seedlings Select healthy and plump marigold seeds, soak them in 1800-fold diluted azoxystrobin for 8 hours, dry them, sow them in the seedbed, and carry out routine management.

[0055] Plant transplanting When the plants grew 4 to 5 true leaves after 30 days of growth, marigold seedlings with consistent growth were selected and transplanted into different treatments and control experiments; in the potted experiment, one plant was planted in one pot, and the transplanting density of the plot was 2200 plants / mu.

[0056] Marigolds were transplanted in April and fresh flowers were harvested in mid-July. Agronomic traits (plant height, plant width, stem diameter, number of primary branches, leaf length, leaf width) and flower yield of marigolds were counted.

[0057] Soil samples from different treatments were taken for testing of ammonium nitrogen, available phosphorus, quick-acting potassium and organic matter contents.

[0058] The efficacy test results of the soil conditioners of the embodiments and comparative examples are as follows: (1) Plant growth promoting effect of soil conditioners of Examples and Comparative Examples (agronomic traits of marigold at budding stage) Results Table 1

[0059] Table 1

[0060] As can be seen from Table 1, under the same management conditions, the plant height, plant width, stem diameter and number of branches of marigold in potted plant tests and ground planted tests of Examples 1 to 4 were significantly improved compared with those in potted plant of Comparative Example 1 and ground plant of Comparative Example 2, and the improvement ratio was at least more than 20%. Among them, Example 2 had the best effect, with the plant height, plant width, stem diameter and number of branches increased by at least 15% compared with Comparative Example 3.

[0061] (2) Results of the soil conditioners of the examples and comparative examples on improving soil fertility (Table 2).

[0062] Table 2

[0063] Note: The per-acre yield in the above table is the theoretical per-acre yield calculated based on the yield of single marigold flowers harvested from each experimental group.

[0064] As can be seen from Table 2, the soil conditioners in different embodiments all have a certain effect on improving soil fertility, and the results of potted and ground planting experiments show strong consistency. Among them, the soil fertility of Example 2, which has the best effect, is increased by at least 15% compared with Comparative Example 3; the per-acre yield of marigold flowers is increased by more than 30% compared with the blank control, and is increased by at least 15% compared with Comparative Example 3.

[0065] Based on the experimental results of the above embodiments and comparative examples, the soil conditioner based on marigold flower residue provided by the present invention can improve the physical and chemical properties and fertility of the soil, promote plant growth and development, and increase marigold yield. The present invention makes resource utilization of marigold waste and achieves good economic benefits.

[0066] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials include: marigold flower residue and urea, and the mass ratio of the marigold flower residue to the urea is (200-250): (1-1.25).

2. The soil conditioner according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marigold flower residue includes the marigold flower residue after lutein is extracted; And / or, the particle size of the marigold flower residue is 1.4-2.5 mm.

3. The soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation raw material also includes crushed marigold straw, and the mass ratio of the marigold flower residue to the crushed marigold straw is (200-250): (0.8-1); Preferably, the length of the crushed marigold stalks is no more than 2 cm.

4. The soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials also include microbial agents, and the mass ratio of the marigold flower residue to the microbial agent is (200-250): (0.2-0.25); Preferably, the microorganism in the microbial agent is at least one selected from Bacillus, yeast, photosynthetic bacteria, acetic acid bacteria, lactic acid bacteria, actinomycetes, Trichoderma, and Aspergillus niger; Preferably, the effective viable count of the microbial agent is ≥ 20 billion CFU / g.

5. The soil conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In parts by weight, the raw materials for preparation include: 200-250 parts of the marigold flower residue, 0.8-1 parts of crushed marigold straw, 1-1.25 parts of urea, and 0.2-0.25 parts of microbial agent.

6. A method for preparing the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: include: The prepared raw material containing marigold flower residue and urea is laid on straw for fermentation.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The preparation raw materials also include a microbial agent solution and crushed marigold straw, and the concentration of the microbial agent solution is preferably 5-6 g / L.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The thickness of the straw is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the straw is preferably marigold straw.

9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The moisture content of the raw materials is 55-65%; And / or, the fermentation is aerobic fermentation, the fermentation time is 20 to 30 days, and the fermentation temperature does not exceed 65°C.

10. Use of the soil conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the soil conditioner prepared by the method according to any one of claims 6 to 9 in improving soil physical and chemical properties or promoting plant growth.

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