Carbon sequestration gasification device for organic solid waste

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic solid waste carbon sequestration gasification device which comprises a reaction tower, the interior of the reaction tower is divided into a pyrolysis chamber and a gasification chamber, the upper end of the reaction tower communicates with a feeding pipe, a spiral feeding rod is rotationally connected into the feeding pipe, and a feeding motor is installed at one end of the feeding pipe; a material throwing impeller is rotationally connected to the outlet end of the feeding pipe in the pyrolysis chamber, and a material throwing motor is mounted at the upper end of the reaction tower; a guide hopper is downwards arranged at the lower end of the pyrolysis chamber, a blanking pipe is downwards arranged at the lower end of the guide hopper, a driving motor is mounted at the upper end of the reaction tower, a power output shaft of the driving motor is connected with a spiral blanking rod which downwards extends out of the blanking pipe, a barrier layer with a plurality of vent holes is arranged in the gasification chamber, and a fluidization chamber is arranged at the lower part of the gasification chamber; and a gas spraying pipe with a plurality of gas spraying holes is vertically arranged in the fluidization chamber. According to the invention, the waste can be rapidly heated during pyrolysis, the amount of a gasifying agent in a gas product can be reduced during gasification, and high-efficiency, high-quality and low-energy-consumption carbon sequestration gasification is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid organic matter treatment, and relates to an organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the global industrialization and urbanization processes, the quantity of organic solid wastes (such as domestic garbage, agricultural wastes, industrial by-products, etc.) has increased sharply. These wastes not only occupy valuable land resources but also may cause serious environmental pollution. Therefore, developing an efficient and environmentally friendly waste treatment technology has become an urgent need. Among numerous treatment methods, pyrolysis gasification technology has received extensive attention because it can convert organic solid wastes into valuable energy products.

[0003] Pyrolysis gasification of organic solid wastes is a technical process of decomposing the components of organic substances by heating them in an oxygen-deficient environment. This process mainly includes two stages: pyrolysis and gasification. In the pyrolysis stage, the waste is heated to a certain temperature (usually 300 - 900 °C), causing the organic matter in it to undergo cracking reactions, generating gas, liquid, and solid residues. In the subsequent gasification stage, by introducing gasifying agents (such as oxygen, steam, etc.), some of the solid and liquid products generated by pyrolysis are further converted into combustible gas, which provides the possibility for energy recovery.

[0004] However, in the actual operation process, this technology faces several challenges. First, since organic solid wastes often accumulate after entering the pyrolysis device, the heating rate inside the waste is relatively slow. When the heating rate is too slow, the cracking time of organic molecules is prolonged, inhibiting secondary cracking reactions (such as dehydrogenation and condensation), and also leading to problems such as a larger proportion of the final solid product, a decrease in the amount of gas product, and a more complex composition of the liquid product, making the pyrolysis process take longer to complete, reducing the processing capacity of the device, and consuming more energy. In addition, in order to improve the gasification efficiency, gasifying agents need to be added to assist the reaction in the gasification reaction stage, but this also means that a large amount of gasifying agent components will be mixed into the finally obtained gas product, thereby reducing the overall calorific value of the gas product. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device, which can enable the waste to rapidly heat up in the pyrolysis reaction stage, increase the processing capacity of the device, and can effectively reduce the amount of gasifying agent in the gas product in the gasification reaction stage, thereby improving the overall calorific value of the gas product.

[0006] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: An organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device, including a reaction tower, the interior of the reaction tower is divided into a pyrolysis chamber located in the upper part and a gasification chamber located in the lower part, the upper end of the reaction tower is connected with a feed pipe arranged along its tangent direction, a spiral feed rod is rotatably connected in the feed pipe, one end of the feed pipe is equipped with a feed motor for driving the rotation of the spiral feed rod, a horizontally arranged throwing impeller is rotatably connected in the pyrolysis chamber at the outlet end of the feed pipe, and a throwing motor for driving the rotation of the throwing impeller is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower;

[0007] A material guiding hopper is arranged downward at the lower end of the pyrolysis chamber, a feeding pipe is arranged downward at the lower end of the material guiding hopper, a driving motor is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower, the power output shaft of the driving motor is connected downward with a driving shaft, the lower end of the driving shaft is connected with a spiral feeding rod extending downward out of the feeding pipe, a barrier layer with a plurality of ventilation holes is arranged below the material guiding hopper in the gasification chamber, a material falling port that is not easily fallen downward under the non-force state is opened below the feeding pipe in the barrier layer, the lower part of the gasification chamber is a fluidization chamber with a smaller inner diameter, a gas spraying pipe with a plurality of gas spraying holes is vertically arranged in the fluidization chamber, and the gas spraying pipe is communicated with an air inlet pipe extending out of the reaction tower;

[0008] The upper part of the pyrolysis chamber is externally communicated with a primary gas pipe, the upper part of the gasification chamber is externally communicated with a secondary gas pipe, the reaction tower is sleeved with a pyrolysis heating chamber for heating its interior outside the pyrolysis chamber, and the reaction tower is sleeved with a gasification heating chamber for heating its interior outside the gasification chamber and the fluidization chamber.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, after the waste particles are discharged from the feed pipe, they are quickly scattered and thrown out by the rapidly rotating throwing impeller, slide downward along the inner wall after reaching the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber, so that they are in a scattered state and quickly heated to above 500 °C, and are quickly pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber. The products are gas, tar and solid carbon. The gas is discharged through the primary gas pipe, and after its waste heat is used for power generation or other forms of conversion, it is stored. The tar flows into the gasification chamber along the feeding pipe. After the solid carbon falls into the material guiding hopper, it continuously and slowly falls into the gasification chamber under the rotation of the spiral feeding rod;

[0010] After the solid carbon and tar fall into the gasification chamber, the tar continues to fall into the fluidization chamber, and the solid carbon is blocked by the barrier layer and continuously accumulates on the barrier layer. A small amount of solid carbon slowly falls into the fluidization chamber through the material falling port. When the solid carbon reaches the position of the spiral feeding rod, the spiral feeding rod can generate a greater downward thrust, which can make the solid product fall faster, so that the solid carbon will not continuously accumulate on the upper end of the barrier layer and increase in thickness;

[0011] In the fluidization chamber, a high-pressure gasifying agent is ejected outward through a gas injection pipe in the fluidization chamber, so that the solid products in the fluidization chamber produce a fluidization effect under the action of the gasifying agent. The solid products are fully contacted with the gasifying agent for efficient gasification. During the process, the gas products generated by gasification pass upward through the solid carbon through the ventilation holes on the barrier layer. In this process, the solid carbon reacts with the gasifying agent mixed in the gas for gasification to remove most of the remaining gasifying agent to increase the calorific value of the fuel gas. Finally, the gasification products are discharged from the secondary gas pipe. After using the remaining heat for power generation or other forms of conversion, they are stored.

[0012] Further: The free end of the secondary gas pipe is communicated with the lower part of the pyrolysis heating chamber. The upper part of the pyrolysis heating chamber is communicated outward with a secondary gas outlet pipe. The lower part of the gasification heating chamber is communicated with a high-temperature flue gas pipe. The upper part of the gasification heating chamber is communicated outward with a hot flue gas pipe.

[0013] Further: Pyrolysis spiral guide vanes are arranged in the pyrolysis heating chamber, and gasification spiral guide vanes are arranged in the gasification heating chamber.

[0014] Further: It also includes a combustion heater and a high-pressure air pump. A combustion chamber is arranged in the combustion heater. The combustion heater is connected with a feed gas pipe and an oxygen pipe communicated with the combustion chamber. An electronic spark plug is arranged in the combustion chamber. The free end of the high-temperature flue gas pipe is connected with the combustion heater and communicated with the combustion chamber. A spiral heat exchange pipe is arranged in the combustion chamber. The inlet end of the spiral heat exchange pipe is communicated with the outlet end of the high-pressure air pump. The outlet end of the spiral heat exchange pipe is communicated with the inlet pipe.

[0015] Further: It also includes a tunnel drying oven. Drying inlets and drying outlets are respectively arranged at both ends of the tunnel drying oven. A conveyor is arranged in the tunnel drying oven. Both ends of the conveyor respectively pass through the drying inlet and the drying outlet. A hot air pipe is arranged above the conveyor in the tunnel drying oven. The hot air pipe is communicated with a plurality of air outlet strips distributed along its length direction and opening downward. A negative pressure suction strip opening downward is arranged above the hot air pipe in the tunnel drying oven;

[0016] It also includes a cold and hot mixing cylinder. An air pump, a negative pressure pump and a tail gas purifier are installed outside the tunnel drying oven. The outlet end of the air pump is communicated with one end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder through a cold air pipe. The free end of the hot flue gas pipe is communicated with one end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder close to the cold air pipe. The other end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder is communicated with the hot air pipe through a hot air pipe. The inlet end of the negative pressure pump is communicated with the negative pressure suction strip. The outlet end of the negative pressure pump is communicated with the inlet end of the tail gas purifier through a tail gas pipe. The outlet end of the tail gas purifier is communicated with an exhaust pipe;

[0017] It further includes a material pulverizer located at the outlet end of the conveyor. One end of the feed pipe away from the reaction tower is connected upward to a feed hopper. A material elevator is provided at the outlet end of the material pulverizer. The inlet end of the material elevator is located below the outlet end of the material pulverizer, and the outlet end of the material elevator is located above the feed hopper.

[0018] Furthermore: A preheating sleeve is sleeved outside the feed pipe. A hot gas spiral guiding fin is connected between the inner wall of the preheating sleeve and the outer wall of the feed pipe. The outlet end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder is connected to one end of the preheating sleeve through a hot air pipe, and the other end of the preheating sleeve is connected to the hot gas pipe through a waste heat pipe.

[0019] Furthermore: The cold and hot mixing cylinder includes a solid guiding section and a hollow mixing section. Two spiral guiding channels with free ends communicating with the mixing section are provided in the guiding section. The cold air pipe and the hot smoke pipe are respectively connected to one of the spiral guiding channels.

[0020] Furthermore: The inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with spiral guiding fins matching the length direction of the feed pipe.

[0021] Furthermore: A first filter cover communicating with the pyrolysis chamber is provided at the upper end of the reaction tower. The primary gas burner pipe is connected to and communicates with one end of the first filter cover away from the reaction tower. A first ceramic dust filter screen is provided in the first filter cover. A second filter cover communicating therewith is provided in the middle of the second gas burner pipe. A second ceramic dust filter screen is provided in the second filter cover.

[0022] Furthermore: The barrier layer is in the shape of a funnel with an upward opening. The ventilation holes are all opened in the middle and lower part of the barrier layer. The edge of the material dropping port is rotatably connected with a plurality of inwardly converging resistance bars. Each resistance bar is connected to the edge of the material dropping port through a ceramic torsion spring, so that each resistance bar has a tendency to converge inward. A blocking block matching the edge of the material dropping port is provided at one end connected by each resistance bar, so that the resistance bar can only rotate inward to be inclined and leave an opening below the material dropping port. The lower end of the spiral feeding rod is connected with a spiral pushing rod extending into the opening left by the resistance bar. The outer diameter of the spiral pushing rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral feeding rod.

[0023] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] First, after the waste scraps are conveyed to the pyrolysis chamber, the present invention scatters and throws them outwards through a rapidly rotating throwing impeller, and they slide down along the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber. During this process, since they do not accumulate, they can quickly absorb heat and increase in temperature, enabling them to be rapidly pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber, promoting the secondary cracking reaction, generating more gas products, fewer solid products, and simpler liquid products, being able to complete pyrolysis in a shorter time, improving the pyrolysis treatment capacity, and reducing energy consumption.

[0025] Second, when the present invention performs the gasification reaction, first, a high-pressure gasifying agent is ejected outwards through a spray pipe in the fluidization chamber, enabling the solid products in the fluidization chamber to produce a fluidization effect under the action of the gasifying agent and performing efficient gasification. The gas products generated by gasification pass upwards through the solid carbon. During this process, the solid carbon reacts with the gasifying agent mixed in the gas for gasification, removing most of the remaining gasifying agent to increase the calorific value of the fuel gas.

[0026] Third, during the entire gasification process of the present invention, the high-temperature flue gas generated is utilized in multiple stages, and at the same time, the high-temperature gas products generated during the gasification reaction stage are also used for heating the pyrolysis chamber, which can effectively improve the thermal efficiency of the entire system and reduce energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the tunnel drying oven;

[0029] Figure 3 is suitable for showing a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reaction tower;

[0030] Figure 4 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the pyrolysis heating chamber and the gasification heating chamber;

[0031] Figure 5 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the feed pipe;

[0032] Figure 6 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the reaction tower;

[0033] Figure 7 is used to show the connection between the material dropping port and the resistance bars;

[0034] Figure 8 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the combustion heater;

[0035] Figure 9 is a partial cross-sectional view for showing the internal structure of the cold and hot mixing cylinder.

[0036] In the figure: 1, tunnel drying oven; 4, conveyor; 5, hot air pipe; 6, air outlet strip; 7, negative pressure suction strip; 8, tail gas purifier; 9, exhaust pipe; 10, material crusher; 11, material elevator; 12, reaction tower; 13, pyrolysis chamber; 14, gasification chamber; 15, feed pipe; 16, feeding hopper; 17, preheating jacket; 18, hot air spiral guide fins; 19, cold and hot mixing cylinder; 20, guiding section; 21, mixing section; 22, spiral guiding channel; 23, cold air pipe; 24, hot smoke pipe; 25, air pump; 26, hot air pipe; 27, waste heat pipe; 28, spiral feeding rod; 29, feeding motor; 30, throwing impeller; 31, throwing motor; 32, spiral guiding fins; 33, material guiding hopper; 34, blanking pipe; 35, driving motor; 36, driving shaft; 37, spiral blanking rod; 38, barrier layer; 39, ventilation hole; 40, blanking port; 41, resistance strip; 42, ceramic torsion spring; 43, blocking block; 44, spiral pushing rod; 45, primary gas pipe; 46, fluidized bed chamber; 47, slag discharge cover; 48, jet pipe; 49, jet hole; 50, inlet pipe; 51, first filter cover; 52, first ceramic dust filter screen; 53, secondary gas pipe; 54, second filter cover; 55, second ceramic dust filter screen; 56, pyrolysis heating cavity; 57, pyrolysis spiral guide vane; 58, secondary gas outlet pipe; 59, gasification heating cavity; 60, gasification spiral guide vane; 61, high-temperature smoke pipe; 62, combustion heater; 63, high-pressure air pump; 64, combustion chamber; 65, feeding gas pipe; 66, oxygen pipe; 67, electronic spark plug; 68, spiral heat exchange pipe; 69, negative pressure pump. Detailed implementation mode

[0037] The following further elaborates in detail on an organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device proposed by the present invention in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. According to the following description, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the attached drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise scales, only for conveniently and clearly assisting in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings represent the same or similar components.

[0038] Example, refer to Figures 1-9, an organic solid waste carbon sequestration gasification device, including a tunnel drying oven 1. At both ends of the tunnel drying oven 1, there is respectively provided (the term "provided" and similar descriptive words all express that there is a connection relationship between two structures, but the specific means of connection are not overly limited and are usually conventional connection means, that is, it should be understood that this means is an existing technology and does not need to be elaborated too much. For example, it can be welding, riveting, adhesive connection or integral molding) a drying inlet and a drying outlet. Inside the tunnel drying oven 1, there is a conveyor 4. Both ends of the conveyor 4 extend out from the drying inlet and the drying outlet respectively. Above the conveyor 4 inside the tunnel drying oven 1, there is a hot air pipe 5. The hot air pipe 5 is connected with a plurality of air outlet strips 6 distributed along its length direction and opening downward. Hot air is blown downward from the air outlet strips 6 to conduct hot air drying on the waste. Above the hot air pipe 5 inside the tunnel drying oven 1, there is an air suction strip 7 opening downward. Outside the tunnel drying oven 1, there is a negative pressure pump 69 and a tail gas purifier 8 installed. The inlet end of the negative pressure pump 69 is connected with the air suction strip 7 to generate negative pressure to suck away the moisture inside the tunnel drying oven 1. The outlet end of the negative pressure pump 69 is connected with the inlet end of the tail gas purifier through a tail gas pipe. The outlet end of the tail gas purifier is connected with an exhaust pipe 9. The tail gas purifier is used to purify the harmful gases and odors generated by the waste. An existing purifier can be selected, so its specific structure will not be elaborated in detail.

[0039] It also includes a material crusher 10 located at the outlet end of the conveyor 4. At the outlet end of the material crusher 10, there is a material elevator 11. The inlet end of the material elevator 11 is located below the outlet end of the material crusher 10. The material crusher 10 is used to crush the waste into small particles, and the material elevator 11 is used to lift the waste particles upward. Existing crushers and elevators can be selected, so their specific structures will not be elaborated in detail.

[0040] It includes a reaction tower 12. The interior of the reaction tower 12 is divided into a pyrolysis chamber 13 located in the upper part and a gasification chamber 14 located in the lower part. At the upper end of the reaction tower 12, there is a feed pipe 15 provided along its tangential direction. The end of the feed pipe 15 far from the reaction tower 12 is connected upward with a feeding hopper 16. The outlet end of the material elevator 11 is located above the feeding hopper 16. Waste particles are added to the feeding hopper 16 through the material elevator 11. The feed pipe 15 is sleeved with a preheating sleeve 17. Between the inner wall of the preheating sleeve 17 and the outer wall of the feed pipe 15, there is a hot air spiral guide fin 18. Hot air is introduced into the preheating sleeve 17 to preheat the waste inside the feed pipe 15. The heating temperature is not higher than 200 °C to prevent primary pyrolysis inside it.

[0041] It also includes a cold and hot mixing cylinder 19, which includes a solid guiding section 20 and a hollow mixing section 21. Two spiral guiding channels 22 with free ends communicating with the mixing section 21 are arranged in the guiding section 20. A cold air pipe 23 and a hot smoke pipe 24 respectively communicating with the two spiral guiding channels 22 are connected outward from the mixing section 21. An air pump 25 is installed outside the tunnel drying oven 1. The free end of the cold air pipe 23 is communicated with the outlet end of the air pump 25. The outlet end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder 19 is communicated with one end of a preheating sleeve 17 through a hot air pipe 26. The other end of the preheating sleeve 17 is communicated with the hot air pipe 5 through a waste heat pipe 27. Cold air and hot smoke are mixed in the cold and hot mixing cylinder 19 to prevent the waste from undergoing primary pyrolysis due to excessive temperature, and the preheated hot gas is reused to dry the hot air in the tunnel drying oven 1 by using waste heat.

[0042] A spiral feeding rod 28 is rotatably connected in the feeding pipe 15. A feeding motor 29 for driving the spiral feeding rod 28 to rotate is installed at one end of the feeding pipe 15. A horizontally arranged throwing impeller 30 is rotatably connected at the outlet end of the feeding pipe 15 in the pyrolysis chamber 13. A throwing motor 31 for driving the throwing impeller 30 to rotate is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower 12. A plurality of spiral guiding fins 32 matching the length direction of the feeding pipe 15 are arranged on the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 13. The spiral of the spiral guiding fins 32 does not exceed one turn. The waste fragments entering through the feeding pipe 15 are scattered and thrown outwards by the rapidly rotating throwing impeller 30, and slide down along the spiral guiding fins 32 after reaching the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 13, so that they are in a scattered state and quickly heat up.

[0043] A material guiding hopper 33 is arranged downward at the lower end of the pyrolysis chamber 13. A feeding pipe 34 is arranged downward at the lower end of the material guiding hopper 33. A driving motor 35 is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower 12. The power output shaft of the driving motor 35 is connected downward with a driving shaft 36. A spiral feeding rod 37 extending downward through the feeding pipe 34 is connected to the lower end of the driving shaft 36. A blocking layer 38 in the shape of an upward-opening funnel is arranged below the material guiding hopper 33 in the gasification chamber 14. A plurality of ventilation holes 39 are opened in the blocking layer 38. The ventilation holes 39 are all opened in the middle and lower parts of the blocking layer 38. A material dropping port 40 is opened below the blocking layer 38 in the feeding pipe 34.

[0044] A plurality of resistance bars 41 that converge inward are rotatably connected to the edge of the blanking port 40. Each resistance bar 41 is connected to the edge of the blanking port 40 by a ceramic torsion spring 42. The ceramic torsion spring 42 has good high-temperature resistance and will not fail in the gasification chamber 14, so that each resistance bar 41 has a tendency to converge inward. A blocking block 43 that matches the edge of the blanking port 40 is provided at one end of each resistance bar 41 connected, so that the resistance bar 41 can only rotate inward to be inclined and leave an opening below the blanking port 40. A spiral pusher rod 44 that extends into the opening left by the resistance bar 41 is connected to the lower end of the spiral blanking rod 37. The outer diameter of the spiral pusher rod 44 is smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral blanking rod 37, so that the solid products in the pyrolysis chamber 13 are blocked by the resistance bars 41 and are not easily discharged downward in the unloaded state and can only slowly fall from the opening therebetween, enabling the solid products to accumulate on the barrier layer 38. When the gradually accumulated weight increases or when it touches the spiral blanking rod 37, the spiral blanking rod 37 can generate a greater downward thrust to push the resistance bars 41 to open outward, enabling the solid products to fall faster.

[0045] The lower part of the gasification chamber 14 is a fluidization chamber 46 with a smaller inner diameter. The lower end of the fluidization chamber 46 is open and connected to an openable slag discharge cover 47. Solid impurities that cannot be gasified can be removed by opening the slag discharge cover 47. A vertical air injection pipe 48 is provided in the fluidization chamber 46. The air injection pipe 48 is provided with a plurality of air injection holes 49. The air injection pipe 48 is communicated with an air inlet pipe 50 that extends out of the reaction tower 12. High-pressure gasifying agent is sprayed outward in the fluidization chamber 46 through the air injection pipe 48, so that the solid products in the fluidization chamber 46 produce a fluidization effect under the action of the gasifying agent, and the solid products are fully contacted with the gasifying agent for efficient gasification.

[0046] A first filter hood 51 communicated with the pyrolysis chamber 13 is provided at the upper end of the reaction tower 12. One end of the first filter hood 51 away from the reaction tower 12 is communicated with a primary gas burner pipe 45 outward. A first ceramic dust filter screen 52 is provided in the first filter hood 51 for filtering out the solid ash generated during the pyrolysis process. An upper part of the gasification chamber 14 is communicated with a secondary gas burner pipe 53 outward. A second filter hood 54 communicated therewith is provided in the middle of the second gas burner pipe. A second ceramic dust filter screen 55 is provided in the second filter hood 54. The second ceramic dust filter screen 55 is used for filtering out the solid ash generated during the gasification process.

[0047] The reaction tower 12 is surrounded by a pyrolysis heating chamber 56 for heating its interior. A pyrolysis spiral guide vane 57 is arranged in the pyrolysis heating chamber 56. The free end of the secondary gas pipe 53 is communicated with the lower part of the pyrolysis heating chamber 56, and an upper part of the pyrolysis heating chamber 56 is externally communicated with a secondary gas outlet pipe 58. The reaction tower 12 is surrounded by a gasification heating chamber 59 for heating its interior in the gasification chamber 14 and the fluidization chamber 46. A gasification spiral guide vane 60 is arranged in the gasification heating chamber 59. A high-temperature flue gas pipe 61 is communicated with a lower part of the gasification heating chamber 59, and an upper part of the gasification heating chamber 59 is communicated with the free end of the hot flue gas pipe 24. After the high-temperature flue gas heats the gasification chamber 14, it still has a relatively high temperature, and it is introduced into the cold and hot mixing cylinder 19 through the hot flue gas pipe 24 to reuse its heat.

[0048] It further includes a combustion heater 62 and a high-pressure air pump 63. A combustion chamber 64 is arranged in the combustion heater 62. The combustion heater 62 is connected with a feed gas pipe 65 and an oxygen pipe 66 communicated with the combustion chamber 64. An electronic spark plug 67 is arranged in the combustion chamber 64. Direct combustion of oxygen and gas can significantly increase the combustion temperature. The free end of the high-temperature flue gas pipe 61 is connected with the combustion heater 62 and communicated with the combustion chamber 64, so that the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion directly enters the gasification heating chamber 59 through the high-temperature flue gas pipe 61 to heat the gasification chamber 14. A spiral heat exchange pipe 68 is arranged in the combustion chamber 64. The inlet end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 68 is communicated with the outlet end of the high-pressure air pump 63, and the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange pipe 68 is communicated with the inlet pipe 50. The high-pressure air pump 63 pumps the gasifying agent (air, water vapor) into the spiral heat exchange pipe 68, heats it to a high temperature in the combustion chamber 64, and then enters the gasification chamber 14 to quickly increase the temperature in the gasification chamber 14.

[0049] Working principle: First, gas and oxygen are introduced into the combustion chamber 64 for high-temperature combustion. The generated high-temperature flue gas enters the gasification heating chamber 59 through the high-temperature flue gas pipe 61 to heat and raise the temperature of the gasification chamber 14. The high-pressure air pump 63 pumps the gasifying agent (air, water vapor) into the spiral heat exchange pipe 68 to heat it to a high temperature, and then enters the gasification chamber 14, and cooperates with the external high-temperature flue gas to quickly raise the temperature of the gasification chamber 14 to 700°C - 1000°C. The high-temperature gas generated in the gasification chamber 14 enters the pyrolysis heating chamber 56 through the secondary gas pipe 53 to heat and raise the temperature of the pyrolysis chamber 13 to 500°C - 800°C. The high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the gasification heating chamber 59 through the hot flue gas pipe 24. Since it still has a relatively high temperature, it is mixed with cold air in the cold and hot mixing cylinder 19 to form hot air at about 200°C, which first enters the preheating sleeve 17 for preheating. After the preheating is completed, it is introduced into the tunnel drying oven 1 through the waste heat pipe 27 to perform hot air drying using its waste heat;

[0050] Gradually add organic solid waste onto conveyor 4, and it gradually passes through the tunnel dryer along conveyor 4. Hot air blows downward from the air outlet strips 6 in the tunnel dryer to conduct hot air drying on the waste. The moisture generated during drying is pumped into the tail gas purifier by the negative pressure pump 69 for purification and then discharged;

[0051] The waste after drying enters the material crusher 10 to be crushed into small particles, and then the waste particles are lifted upward by the material elevator 11, enter the feed pipe 15 from the feed hopper 16, and are continuously conveyed into the pyrolysis chamber 13 through the spiral feed rod 28 in the feed pipe 15. During this process, the hot smoke generated by mixing cold and heat in the cold and hot mixing cylinder 19 preheats the waste particles in the preheating sleeve 17 to make their temperature close to the pyrolysis critical point;

[0052] After the waste particles are discharged from the feed pipe 15, they are quickly scattered and thrown out by the rapidly rotating throwing impeller 30. After reaching the inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber 13, they slide downward along the spiral guiding fins 32, so that they are in a scattered state and quickly heat up to above 500 °C, and are quickly pyrolyzed in the pyrolysis chamber 13. The products are gas, tar, and solid carbon. The gas is discharged through the primary gas pipe 45, and after its remaining heat is used for power generation or other forms of conversion, it is stored. The tar flows into the gasification chamber 14 along the feeding pipe 34. After the solid carbon falls into the guide hopper 33, it continuously and slowly falls downward into the gasification chamber 14 under the rotation of the spiral feeding rod 37;

[0053] After the solid carbon and tar fall into the gasification chamber 14, the tar continues to fall into the fluidized bed chamber 46, while the solid carbon is blocked by the barrier layer 38 and continuously accumulates on the barrier layer 38. A small amount slowly falls into the fluidized bed chamber 46 under the action of the spiral pushing rod 44. When enough solid carbon has accumulated on the barrier layer 38, due to its increased weight, it will push the resistance strip 41 to open outward, allowing more solid carbon to fall downward. At the same time, when the solid carbon reaches the position of the spiral feeding rod 37, the spiral feeding rod 37 can generate a greater downward thrust, pushing the resistance strip 41 to open outward, enabling the solid product to fall faster, so that the solid carbon will not continuously accumulate and increase in thickness at the upper end of the barrier layer 38;

[0054] In the fluidized bed chamber 46, high-pressure gasifying agent is sprayed outward through the gas spraying pipe 48 in the fluidized bed chamber 46, so that the solid product in the fluidized bed chamber 46 produces a fluidization effect under the action of the gasifying agent, and the solid product fully contacts the gasifying agent for efficient gasification. During this process, the gas product generated by gasification passes upward through the ventilation holes 39 on the barrier layer 38 through the solid carbon. During this process, the solid carbon reacts with the gasifying agent mixed in the gas for gasification to remove most of the remaining gasifying agent to increase the calorific value of the fuel gas. Finally, the gasification product enters the pyrolysis heating chamber 56 from the secondary gas pipe 53 to heat the pyrolysis chamber 13, and then is discharged from the secondary gas outlet pipe 58. After its remaining heat is used for power generation or other forms of conversion, it is stored.

Claims

1. An organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device, comprising a reaction tower (12), characterized in that: The interior of the reaction tower is divided into a pyrolysis chamber (13) located at the upper part and a gasification chamber (14) located at the lower part. The upper end of the reaction tower is connected to a feed pipe (15) arranged along its tangential direction. A spiral feed rod (28) is rotatably connected in the feed pipe. A feed motor (29) for driving the spiral feed rod to rotate is installed at one end of the feed pipe. A horizontally arranged throwing impeller (30) is rotatably connected at the outlet end of the feed pipe in the pyrolysis chamber. A throwing motor (31) for driving the throwing impeller to rotate is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower. A guide hopper (33) is arranged downward at the lower end of the pyrolysis chamber, and a discharge pipe (34) is arranged downward at the lower end of the guide hopper. A driving motor (35) is installed at the upper end of the reaction tower. The power output shaft of the driving motor is connected downwardly to a driving shaft (36), and the lower end of the driving shaft is connected to a spiral discharge rod (37) extending downward from the discharge pipe. A barrier layer (38) with a plurality of vents (39) is arranged in the gasification chamber below the guide hopper. A discharge port (40) is provided in the barrier layer below the discharge pipe so that the material is not easily discharged downward under a stress-free state. The lower part of the gasification chamber is a fluidizing chamber (46) with a smaller inner diameter. An injection pipe (48) with a plurality of injection holes (49) is vertically arranged in the fluidizing chamber. The injection pipe is connected to an air inlet pipe (50) extending from the reaction tower. The upper part of the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the outside with a primary gas pipe (45), the upper part of the gasification chamber is connected to the outside with a secondary gas pipe (53), the reaction tower is provided with a pyrolysis heating chamber (56) for heating the inside of the reaction tower outside the pyrolysis chamber, and the reaction tower is provided with a gasification heating chamber (59) for heating the inside of the reaction tower outside the gasification chamber and the fluidizing chamber.

2. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The free end of the secondary gas pipe is connected to the lower part of the pyrolysis heating chamber, the upper part of the pyrolysis heating chamber is connected to the outside with a secondary gas outlet pipe (58), the lower part of the gasification heating chamber (59) is connected to a high-temperature smoke pipe (61), and the upper part of the gasification heating chamber is connected to the outside with a hot smoke pipe (24).

3. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 2 is characterized by: The pyrolysis heating chamber is provided with a pyrolysis spiral guide blade (57), and the gasification heating chamber is provided with a gasification spiral guide blade (60).

4. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a combustion heater (62) and a high-pressure air pump (63), wherein a combustion chamber (64) is arranged in the combustion heater, wherein the combustion heater is connected to a feed gas pipe (65) and an oxygen pipe (66) which are in communication with the combustion chamber, wherein an electronic spark plug (67) is arranged in the combustion chamber, wherein the free end of the high-temperature smoke pipe is connected to the combustion heater and is in communication with the combustion chamber, wherein a spiral heat exchange tube (68) is arranged in the combustion chamber, wherein the inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube is in communication with the outlet end of the high-pressure air pump, and the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube is in communication with the intake pipe.

5. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also comprises a tunnel drying box (1), wherein a drying inlet and a drying outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the tunnel drying box, a conveyor (4) is arranged in the tunnel drying box, and two ends of the conveyor pass through the drying inlet and the drying outlet respectively, a hot air pipe (5) is arranged above the conveyor in the tunnel drying box, and the hot air pipe is connected to a plurality of air outlet strips (6) distributed along the length direction thereof and opening downward, and a negative pressure suction strip (7) opening downward is arranged above the hot air pipe in the tunnel drying box; It also includes a cold and hot mixing cylinder (19), an air pump (25), a negative pressure pump (69) and an exhaust gas purifier (8) are installed on the outside of the tunnel drying box, the outlet end of the air pump is connected to one end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder through a cold air pipe (23), the free end of the hot smoke pipe is connected to one end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder close to the cold air pipe, the other end of the cold and hot mixing cylinder is connected to the hot air pipe through a hot air pipe (26), the inlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected to the negative pressure suction strip, the outlet end of the negative pressure pump is connected to the inlet end of the exhaust gas purifier through the exhaust pipe, and the outlet end of the exhaust gas purifier is connected to an exhaust pipe (9); It also includes a material crusher (10) located at the outlet end of the conveyor, the end of the feed pipe away from the reaction tower is upwardly connected to a feeding hopper (16), a material elevator (11) is arranged at the outlet end of the material crusher, the inlet end of the material elevator is located below the outlet end of the material crusher, and the outlet end of the material elevator is located above the feeding hopper.

6. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The feed pipe is outer-circuited with a preheating sleeve (17), and a hot air spiral guide fin (18) is connected between the inner wall of the preheating sleeve and the outer wall of the feed pipe. The outlet end of the hot and cold mixing cylinder is connected to one end of the preheating sleeve through a hot air pipe, and the other end of the preheating sleeve is connected to the hot air pipe through a waste heat pipe (27).

7. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cold and hot mixing cylinder comprises a solid guide section (20) and a hollow mixing section (21), wherein the guide section is provided with two spiral guide channels (22) both of which are connected to the mixing section at their free ends, and the cold air pipe and the hot smoke pipe are respectively connected to one of the spiral guide channels.

8. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the pyrolysis chamber is provided with spiral guide fins (32) matching the length direction of the feed pipe.

9. The organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the reaction tower is provided with a first filter cover (51) connected to the pyrolysis chamber, the primary gas pipe (45) is connected to an end of the first filter cover away from the reaction tower and is connected thereto, a first ceramic dust filter (52) is provided in the first filter cover, a second filter cover (54) connected thereto is provided in the middle of the second gas pipe, and a second ceramic dust filter (55) is provided in the second filter cover.

10. An organic solid waste carbon fixation gasification device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The barrier layer is in the shape of a funnel with an opening facing upward, and the ventilation holes are all opened in the middle and lower part of the barrier layer. The edge of the blanking port is rotatably connected to a plurality of inwardly contracting resistance bars (41), and each resistance bar is connected to the edge of the blanking port by a ceramic torsion spring (42), so that each resistance bar has a tendency to contract inwardly, and one end of each resistance bar is provided with a blocking block (43) matched with the edge of the blanking port, so that the resistance bar can only rotate inwardly to tilt and leave an opening below the blanking port, and the lower end of the spiral blanking rod is connected to a spiral pushing rod (44) extending into the opening left by the resistance bar, and the outer diameter of the spiral pushing rod is smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral blanking rod.

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