A high-performance machine tool guideway oil and its preparation method

Abstract

This application relates to the technical field of guideway oil, and specifically discloses a high-performance machine tool guideway oil and a preparation method thereof. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of base oil, 5-8 parts of composite microcapsules, 0.5-3 parts of polyisobutene, 5-10 parts of alkylnaphthalene, and 2-5 parts of surfactant; the composite microcapsules have modified chitosan as the capsule wall, white oil and organic intercalated montmorillonite as the core material, and a layer of silicon dioxide is also attached to the surface of the capsule wall. The high-performance machine tool guideway oil prepared by this application has the advantages of high lubrication and wear resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of guide rail oils, and more specifically, to a high-performance machine tool guide rail oil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the core moving parts of precision equipment such as CNC machine tools and machining centers, the lubrication performance of machine tool guide rails directly affects the positioning accuracy, running stability and service life of machine tools. Currently, the common machine tool guide rail oils on the market are mainly made of mineral oil or semi-synthetic oil as the base oil, and are added with conventional additives such as anti-wear agents, rust inhibitors, and antioxidants.

[0003] However, as modern manufacturing develops towards high speed, high precision and heavy load, traditional guide oils have exposed many technical defects in practical applications: First, under high-speed and heavy-load conditions, the oil film strength of traditional lubricants is insufficient, which can easily cause wear and even scratches on the guide surface. In severe cases, stick-slip phenomenon will occur, which directly affects the processing accuracy and surface finish; secondly, conventional additives such as zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate are easily decomposed and failed under high temperature and high shear conditions, resulting in rapid attenuation of lubrication performance, requiring frequent replacement of lubricants, and increasing equipment maintenance costs; thirdly, existing lubricants lack intelligent response capabilities and cannot dynamically adjust the lubrication characteristics according to the actual operating conditions of the friction pair.

[0004] In recent years, although nano-lubricating materials have been introduced into the field of lubricating oils, the existing technology still has technical bottlenecks such as easy agglomeration of nanoparticles and single function. Therefore, the development of a high-performance machine tool guide oil with excellent anti-wear performance has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in the current field of lubricating materials.

[0005] The Chinese patent application document with application publication number CN119823810A discloses a phosphorus-free environmentally friendly guide rail oil composition and its preparation method. This invention adopts a mixture of fatty acid ester oiliness agents to prepare a phosphorus-free guide rail oil composite additive. The components are phosphorus-free. A mercaptothiadiazole derivative is used to form a mercaptothiadiazole protective coating on the friction surface to achieve the effect of corrosion and rust prevention. The components are phosphorus-free. A phenolic antioxidant is used as an antioxidant to prevent the oil from generating oxides and colloids during operation, which adhere to the metal surface and cause the friction surface to lose lubricity and become astringent, resulting in the crawling phenomenon of the machine tool guide rail. The components are phosphorus-free and have good environmentally friendly performance. However, the composite additive in the above document is a pure organic substance. During storage and use, the stability is easily changed. The protective lubricating film on the metal substrate is very easy to break. Under high wear conditions, the guide rail substrates are directly in contact with each other, causing wear. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare a guide rail oil that can still form a lubricating protective structure on the surface of the guide rail substrate under high wear conditions. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to further improve the lubrication and wear resistance performance of high-performance machine tool guideway oil, the present application provides a high-performance machine tool guideway oil and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In the first aspect, the present application provides a high-performance machine tool guideway oil, adopting the following technical solution:

[0008] A high-performance machine tool guideway oil includes the following components in parts by weight: 90 - 110 parts of base oil, 5 - 8 parts of composite microcapsules, 0.5 - 3 parts of polyisobutylene, 5 - 10 parts of alkylnaphthalene, and 2 - 5 parts of surfactant; the preparation method of the composite microcapsules includes the following steps:

[0009] 1) Mix organic intercalated montmorillonite and white oil to obtain precursor liquid A; take modified chitosan and acetic acid aqueous solution and mix them, adjust the pH with alkali solution and then add pretreated cellulose nanocrystals to obtain precursor liquid B; mix precursor liquid A and precursor liquid B to obtain an emulsion;

[0010] 2) Mix sodium tripolyphosphate and the emulsion and carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain microcapsules;

[0011] 3) Disperse the microcapsules in a mixed solution of ethanol and ammonia water, and then add tetraethyl orthosilicate for reaction to obtain composite microcapsules.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, during the operation of the machine tool, the wear degrees of different parts are different. The composite microcapsules flow to each part along with the guideway oil. When reaching the high-wear area, the relatively high pressure causes the composite microcapsules to rupture, precisely releasing the internal lubricating substances in the high-wear area, providing targeted lubrication protection for the machine tool guideway, and thus reducing the wear degree of the guideway; at the same time, before the composite microcapsules rupture, under the action of the silica layer on the surface of the composite microcapsules, it can resist the friction and wear on the guideway surface. As tiny wear-resistant particles, it plays a protective role on the guideway surface, reducing the wear and spalling of the guideway surface material and prolonging the service life of the guideway.

[0013] Preferably, in the step 1), the organic intercalated montmorillonite is prepared by reacting montmorillonite with a benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative intercalates into the interlayer of montmorillonite, increasing the interlayer spacing of montmorillonite, so that when it is under pressure, there is a larger compressible space and deformation ability between the layers. When the machine tool guideway bears a relatively large pressure, it can still maintain good lubrication and anti-wear performance, reducing the direct contact between the guideway and the moving parts, thereby reducing the friction coefficient; at the same time, the lone pair electrons on the nitrogen atom in the benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative form a coordination bond with the metal atoms on the surface of the guideway metal matrix, thereby improving the adsorption stability of montmorillonite on the guideway surface and making it not easy to fall off during the operation of the guideway.

[0015] Preferably, in the step 1), the modified chitosan is obtained by mixing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid, carbodiimide hydrochloride, ethanol and deionized water, adding them to a mixed solution of chitosan and hydrochloric acid, and performing a graft reaction.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the benzene ring has a stable conjugated large π bond and a rigid planar structure. Introducing the benzene ring into the modified chitosan can enhance the intermolecular force through the π-π conjugation effect, restrict the free movement of the chitosan molecular chain, thereby improving the stiffness of chitosan. When the high-stiffness chitosan is used as the microcapsule wall material, it can effectively disperse the external pressure, enhance the compressive capacity, avoid the microcapsules from being broken due to external forces such as extrusion and collision during storage and transportation, and ensure the integrity of the microcapsule structure.

[0017] Preferably, the mass ratio of the chitosan to the 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid is 1:(1 - 1.2).

[0018] Preferably, in the step 1), the mass ratio of the organic intercalated montmorillonite to the white oil is 1:(12 - 15); the mass ratio of the modified chitosan to the acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:(30 - 32).

[0019] Preferably, in the step 2), the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals are obtained by reacting cellulose nanocrystals with acetic anhydride.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, acetic anhydride reacts with cellulose nanocrystals to introduce acetyl groups on the surface of cellulose nanocrystals, improving the hydrophobic properties of cellulose nanocrystals. During the formation of the modified chitosan microcapsule wall, adding the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals can reduce the presence of water molecules on the surface of the microcapsules during the working process of the guide rail oil, avoid the swelling phenomenon of chitosan, and enhance the anti-wear and compressive capacities of the microcapsules.

[0021] Preferably, in the step 3), the mass ratio of the microcapsules, ethanol, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:(18 - 20):(0.4 - 0.8):(1.5 - 3).

[0022] Preferably, the average particle size of the composite microcapsules is 30 - 50 μm.

[0023] Preferably, the benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative is one of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and benzyl dimethyl octyl ammonium chloride.

[0024] In the second aspect, the present application provides a preparation method of a high-performance machine tool guide rail oil, including the following steps: mixing the composite microcapsules and a surfactant to obtain a mixture A, mixing the base oil, polyisobutene and alkyl naphthalene to obtain a mixture B, and then stirring and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B to obtain the high-performance machine tool guide rail oil.

[0025] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. Introducing a benzene ring structure into the modified chitosan to improve the stiffness of chitosan, thereby enhancing its compressive capacity and avoiding the rupture of microcapsules during storage and transportation.

[0027] 2. Pretreated cellulose nanocrystals are distributed in the chitosan network to share the external load and prevent the generation and propagation of cracks. At the same time, by utilizing the hydrophobicity of the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals, the presence of water molecules on the surface of the microcapsules is reduced, avoiding the swelling phenomenon of chitosan and enhancing the anti-wear and compressive capacities of the microcapsules.

[0028] 3. The intercalation of benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivatives increases the layer spacing of montmorillonite, enabling it to have a larger compressible space and deformation ability between layers when subjected to pressure. When the machine tool guide rail bears a large pressure, it can still maintain good lubrication and anti-wear properties, reducing the risk of wear or deformation of the guide rail due to overload; at the same time, under high pressure, after the microcapsules rupture, the benzene rings in the benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivatives interact with the benzene rings in the modified chitosan through π-π conjugation effects. The modified chitosan fragments and the organically intercalated montmorillonite act synergistically to adsorb on the surface of the guide rail substrate, forming a dense lubricating film and effectively enhancing the lubrication performance of the guide rail oil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the friction and wear test data of the high-performance machine tool guide rail oil in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 of the present application.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the change in the friction curve of the high-performance machine tool guide rail oil in Examples 1-3 of the present application.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the composite microcapsule in Example 1 of the present application.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the composite microcapsule in Example 2 of the present application.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a scanning electron microscope image of the composite microcapsule in Example 3 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] The following further elaborates the present application in conjunction with examples.

[0035] The raw materials in the examples and comparative examples of the present application are all commercially available, unless otherwise specified.

[0036] Example 1

[0037] The high-performance machine tool guideway oil of this embodiment is composed of the following components: 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 5 g of composite microcapsules, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 5 g of alkylnaphthalene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 2 g of coconut diethanolamide;

[0038] The preparation method of the composite microcapsules of this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0039] 1) Mix 3 g of organically intercalated montmorillonite and 36 g of SN-200 white oil, then add 1.7 g of Span-40 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution A; Dissolve 6 g of modified chitosan in 180 g of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, adjust the pH to 4.8 with 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then add 1 g of pretreated cellulose nanocrystals and 3.5 g of Tween-80 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution B; Mix precursor solution A and precursor solution B, premix at 800 rpm for 5 min, then mix at 11000 rpm for 2 min, and finally mix at 8000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0040] 2) Mix 4 g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 200 g of the emulsion, carry out a polymerization reaction for 2 h. After the reaction, ultrasonicate at a power of 60 W for 15 min, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain microcapsules;

[0041] 3) Disperse 10 g of microcapsules in a mixed solution of 4 g of ammonia water with a mass percentage concentration of 25% and 180 g of ethanol, then add 15 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, react for 1 h, filter, and dry to obtain composite microcapsules with an average particle size of 30 μm.

[0042] The preparation method of the modified chitosan of this embodiment is as follows: Mix 2 g of chitosan and 100 g of deionized water, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain base solution one; Mix 55 g of ethanol and 60 g of deionized water, then add 2 g of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 10 g of carbodiimide hydrochloride and mix evenly to obtain base solution two. Pour base solution two into base solution one, react for 12 h, and adjust the pH of the reaction system with hydrochloric acid every 1 h during the reaction to keep the pH stable at about 5.5. After the reaction, perform freeze-drying to obtain modified chitosan.

[0043] The preparation method of the organically intercalated montmorillonite of this embodiment is as follows: Mix 10 g of montmorillonite and 200 g of deionized water evenly, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 65 W for 1 h, then add 2 g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 50 W for 1 h, then heat up to 80 °C, react for 3 h. After the reaction, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 50 W for 30 min, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain organically intercalated montmorillonite.

[0044] The preparation method of the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals in this example is as follows: Mix 1 g of cellulose nanocrystals with 20 g of pyridine, ultrasonically disperse for 20 min at a power of 80 W, heat up to 80 °C, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, add a mixed solution composed of 5 g of acetic anhydride and 3 g of pyridine at a rate of 3 mL / min, react for 5 h. After the reaction, add 800 g of deionized water, let stand for 1.5 h, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0045] The preparation method of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this example is as follows: Mix 90 g of composite microcapsules and 2 g of coconut diethanolamide to obtain mixture A. Mix 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6 - di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 5 g of alkylnaphthalene uniformly to obtain mixture B. Then stir and mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain the high-performance machine tool guideway oil.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] The high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this example is composed of the following components: 110 g of SN-100 white oil, 8 g of composite microcapsules, 3 g of polyisobutene, 10 g of alkylnaphthalene, 2 g of barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, 3 g of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and 5 g of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether;

[0048] The preparation method of the composite microcapsules in this example includes the following steps:

[0049] 1) Mix 3 g of organically intercalated montmorillonite with 45 g of SN-200 white oil, and then add 1.8 g of Span-40 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution A. Dissolve 6 g of modified chitosan in 192 g of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, adjust the pH to 5 using 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then add 2 g of pretreated cellulose nanocrystals and 4 g of Tween-80 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution B. Mix precursor solution A and precursor solution B, premix at 800 rpm for 5 min, then mix at 11000 rpm for 2 min, and finally mix at 8000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0050] 2) Mix 4 g of sodium tripolyphosphate with 220 g of the emulsion and carry out a polymerization reaction for 2.5 h. After the reaction, ultrasonically treat at a power of 60 W for 15 min, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain microcapsules;

[0051] 3) Disperse 10 g of microcapsules in a mixed solution of 8 g of ammonia water with a mass percentage concentration of 25% and 200 g of ethanol, then add 30 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, react for 1.5 h, filter, and dry to obtain composite microcapsules with an average particle size of 50 μm.

[0052] The preparation method of the modified chitosan in this example is as follows: Mix 2 g of chitosan and 100 g of deionized water, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain the first base solution; Mix 60 g of ethanol and 65 g of deionized water, then add 2.4 g of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 10 g of carbodiimide hydrochloride and mix evenly to obtain the second base solution. Pour the second base solution into the first base solution, react for 10 h, and adjust the pH of the reaction system with hydrochloric acid every 1 h during the reaction process to keep the pH stable at about 5.5. After the reaction is completed, perform freeze-drying to obtain the modified chitosan.

[0053] The preparation method of the organic intercalated montmorillonite in this example is as follows: Mix 10 g of montmorillonite and 210 g of deionized water evenly, perform ultrasonic dispersion at a power of 65 W for 1 h, then add 3 g of benzyldimethyloctadecylammonium chloride, perform ultrasonic dispersion at a power of 50 W for 1 h, then raise the temperature to 80 °C, react for 3 h, cool to room temperature after the reaction is completed, perform ultrasonic dispersion at a power of 50 W for 30 min, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain the organic intercalated montmorillonite.

[0054] The preparation method of the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals in this example is as follows: Mix 1 g of cellulose nanocrystals and 30 g of pyridine, perform ultrasonic dispersion at a power of 80 W for 20 min, raise the temperature to 80 °C, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, add a mixed solution composed of 6 g of acetic anhydride and 3 g of pyridine at a rate of 3 mL / min, react for 6 h. After the reaction is completed, add 800 g of deionized water, let it stand for 1.5 h, perform centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0055] The preparation method of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this example is as follows: Mix 8 g of composite microcapsules and 5 g of polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether to obtain mixture A, mix 110 g of SN-100 white oil, 3 g of polyisobutene, 2 g of barium dinonylnaphthalene sulfonate, 3 g of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, and 10 g of alkylnaphthalene evenly to obtain mixture B, and then stir and mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain the high-performance machine tool guideway oil.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] The high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this example is composed of the following components: 100 g of SN-150 white oil, 6 g of composite microcapsules, 2 g of polyisobutene, 6 g of alkylnaphthalene, 1 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1.5 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 3 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether;

[0058] The preparation method of the composite microcapsules in this example includes the following steps:

[0059] 1) Mix 3 g of organically intercalated montmorillonite and 40 g of SN-200 white oil, then add 2 g of Span-40 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution A; dissolve 6 g of modified chitosan in 200 g of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, adjust the pH to 4.8 using 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then add 1 g of pretreated cellulose nanocrystals and 3 g of Tween-80 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution B; mix precursor solution A and precursor solution B, premix at 800 rpm for 5 min, then mix at 11000 rpm for 2 min, and finally mix at 8000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0060] 2) Mix 4 g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 250 g of the emulsion, carry out a polymerization reaction for 2 h. After the reaction ends, ultrasonicate at a power of 60 W for 15 min, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain microcapsules;

[0061] 3) Disperse 10 g of microcapsules in a mixed solution of 5 g of ammonia water with a mass percentage concentration of 25% and 185 g of ethanol, then add 17 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, react for 1 h, filter, and dry to obtain composite microcapsules with an average particle size of 38 μm.

[0062] The preparation method of the modified chitosan in this example is as follows: Mix 2 g of chitosan and 100 g of deionized water, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain base solution 1; mix 50 g of ethanol and 60 g of deionized water, then add 2.2 g of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 8 g of carbodiimide hydrochloride and mix evenly to obtain base solution 2. Pour base solution 2 into base solution 1, react for 8 h, and adjust the pH of the reaction system with hydrochloric acid once every 1 h during the reaction process to keep the pH stable at about 5.5. After the reaction ends, carry out freeze-drying to obtain modified chitosan.

[0063] The preparation method of the organically intercalated montmorillonite in this example is as follows: Mix 10 g of montmorillonite and 200 g of deionized water evenly, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 65 W for 1 h, then add 2.5 g of benzyldimethyloctylammonium chloride, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 50 W for 1 h, then heat up to 80 °C, react for 3 h. After the reaction ends, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 50 W for 30 min, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain organically intercalated montmorillonite.

[0064] The preparation method of the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals in this example is as follows: Mix 1 g of cellulose nanocrystals and 25 g of pyridine, ultrasonically disperse at a power of 80 W for 20 min, heat up to 80 °C, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, add a mixed solution composed of 4 g of acetic anhydride and 3 g of pyridine at a rate of 3 mL / min, react for 5 h. After the reaction ends, add 800 g of deionized water, let it stand for 1 h, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain pretreated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0065] The preparation method of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this embodiment is as follows: Mix 6 g of composite microcapsules and 3 g of fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether to obtain mixture A. Mix 100 g of SN-150 white oil, 2 g of polyisobutene, 1 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1.5 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 6 g of alkylnaphthalene evenly to obtain mixture B. Then, stir and mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain the high-performance machine tool guideway oil.

[0066] Comparative Example 1

[0067] The high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this comparative example is composed of the following components: 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 5 g of microcapsules, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 5 g of alkylnaphthalene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 2 g of coconut fatty acid diethanolamide;

[0068] The preparation method of the composite microcapsules in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0069] 1) Mix 3 g of organic intercalated montmorillonite and 36 g of SN-200 white oil, and then add 1.7 g of Span-40 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution A. Dissolve 6 g of modified chitosan in 180 g of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, adjust the pH to 4.8 using 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then add 1 g of pretreated cellulose nanocrystals and 3.5 g of Tween-80 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution B. Mix precursor solution A and precursor solution B, premix at 800 rpm for 5 min, then mix at 11000 rpm for 2 min, and finally mix at 8000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0070] 2) Mix 4 g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 200 g of the emulsion, carry out a polymerization reaction for 2 h. After the reaction, ultrasonic for 15 min at a power of 60 W, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain microcapsules.

[0071] The preparation method of the modified chitosan in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 2 g of chitosan and 100 g of deionized water, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain base solution 1. Mix 55 g of ethanol and 60 g of deionized water, then add 2 g of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 10 g of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride and mix evenly to obtain base solution 2. Pour base solution 2 into base solution 1, react for 12 h, and adjust the pH of the reaction system with hydrochloric acid every 1 h during the reaction to keep the pH stable at about 5.5. After the reaction, carry out freeze-drying to obtain modified chitosan.

[0072] The preparation method of the organic intercalated montmorillonite in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 10 g of montmorillonite and 200 g of deionized water evenly, ultrasonically disperse for 1 h at a power of 65 W, then add 2 g of dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride, ultrasonically disperse for 1 h at a power of 50 W, then raise the temperature to 80 °C, react for 3 h, after the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically disperse for 30 min at a power of 50 W, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain the organic intercalated montmorillonite.

[0073] The preparation method of the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 1 g of cellulose nanocrystals and 20 g of pyridine, ultrasonically disperse for 20 min at a power of 80 W, raise the temperature to 80 °C, and under a nitrogen atmosphere, add a mixed solution composed of 5 g of acetic anhydride and 3 g of pyridine at a rate of 3 mL / min, react for 5 h. After the reaction is completed, add 800 g of deionized water, let stand for 1.5 h, centrifuge, wash, and dry to obtain the pretreated cellulose nanocrystals.

[0074] The preparation method of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 90 g of microcapsules and 2 g of coconut diethanolamide to obtain mixture A, mix 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 5 g of alkylnaphthalene evenly to obtain mixture B, and then stir and mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain the high-performance machine tool guideway oil.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] The high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this comparative example is composed of the following components: 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 5 g of composite microcapsules, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 5 g of alkylnaphthalene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 2 g of coconut diethanolamide;

[0077] The preparation method of the composite microcapsules in this comparative example includes the following steps:

[0078] 1) Mix 3 g of organic intercalated montmorillonite and 36 g of SN-200 white oil, then add 1.7 g of Span-40 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution A; Dissolve 6 g of modified chitosan in 180 g of acetic acid aqueous solution with a mass percentage concentration of 2%, adjust the pH to 4.8 using 3 mol / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, then add 3.5 g of Tween-80 and mix evenly to obtain precursor solution B; Mix precursor solution A and precursor solution B, premix at 800 rpm for 5 min, then mix at 11000 rpm for 2 min, and finally mix at 8000 rpm for 5 min to obtain an emulsion;

[0079] 2) Mix 4 g of sodium tripolyphosphate and 200 g of emulsion, carry out a polymerization reaction for 2 h. After the reaction ends, ultrasonicate for 15 min at a power of 60 W, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain microcapsules;

[0080] 3) Disperse 10 g of microcapsules in a mixed solution of 4 g of ammonia water with a mass percentage concentration of 25% and 180 g of ethanol, then add 15 g of tetraethyl orthosilicate, react for 1 h, filter, and dry to obtain composite microcapsules with an average particle size of 30 μm.

[0081] The preparation method of the modified chitosan in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 2 g of chitosan and 100 g of deionized water, add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH to 5.5 to obtain the first base solution; Mix 55 g of ethanol and 60 g of deionized water, then add 2 g of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid and 10 g of 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and mix evenly to obtain the second base solution. Pour the second base solution into the first base solution, react for 12 h, and adjust the pH of the reaction system with hydrochloric acid every 1 h during the reaction to keep the pH stable at about 5.5. After the reaction ends, carry out freeze-drying to obtain modified chitosan.

[0082] The preparation method of the organic intercalated montmorillonite in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 10 g of montmorillonite and 200 g of deionized water evenly, ultrasonically disperse for 1 h at a power of 65 W, then add 2 g of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, ultrasonically disperse for 1 h at a power of 50 W, then heat up to 80 °C, react for 3 h. After the reaction ends, cool to room temperature, ultrasonically disperse for 30 min at a power of 50 W, carry out centrifugal separation, washing, and drying to obtain organic intercalated montmorillonite.

[0083] The preparation method of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil in this comparative example is as follows: Mix 90 g of composite microcapsules and 2 g of coconut oil diethanol amide to obtain mixture A, mix 90 g of SN-150 white oil, 0.5 g of polyisobutene, 0.5 g of barium petroleum sulfonate, 1 g of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol, and 5 g of alkyl naphthalene evenly to obtain mixture B, and then stir and mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain high-performance machine tool guideway oil.

[0084] Performance detection test

[0085] 1. Friction and wear test: Refer to the standard SH / T0762-2005, use a four-ball friction and wear testing machine to test the high-performance machine tool guideway oil. The test conditions are: the spindle speed is 1200 r / min, the load is 392 N, the test time is 60 min, the test steel ball is a 12.7 mm GCr15 standard steel ball, and the test results are as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown.

[0086] 2. The composite microcapsules prepared in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 were observed using a scanning electron microscope, and the obtained images are as shown in Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 .

[0087] By analyzing Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-2 and combining with Figure 1-2 it can be seen that during the preparation of the high-performance machine tool guideway oil, adding the composite microcapsules containing a silica layer and pretreated cellulose nanocrystals effectively reduces the friction coefficient during the movement of the steel balls, enabling the high-performance machine tool guideway oil to have good lubrication and wear resistance.

[0088] This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the present application and is not a limitation thereof. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without creative contributions according to needs after reading this specification, but as long as it is within the scope of the claims of the present application, it is protected by the patent law.

Claims

1. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by weight: 90 - 110 parts of base oil, 5 - 8 parts of composite microcapsules, 0.5 - 3 parts of polyisobutene, 5 - 10 parts of alkyl naphthalene, and 2 - 5 parts of surfactant; the preparation method of the composite microcapsules comprises the following steps: 1) Mix organically intercalated montmorillonite and white oil to obtain precursor liquid A; take modified chitosan and acetic acid aqueous solution and mix them, adjust the pH with an alkali solution and then add pretreated cellulose nanocrystals to obtain precursor liquid B; mix precursor liquid A and precursor liquid B to obtain an emulsion; 2) Mix sodium tripolyphosphate and the emulsion and carry out a polymerization reaction to obtain microcapsules; 3) Disperse the microcapsules in a mixed solution of ethanol and ammonia water, and then add tetraethyl orthosilicate to react to obtain composite microcapsules; The organically intercalated montmorillonite is prepared by reacting montmorillonite with a benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative; The modified chitosan is obtained by mixing 3,4 - dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid, 1 - ethyl - 3 - (3 - dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, ethanol and deionized water, and adding them to a mixed solution of chitosan and hydrochloric acid for grafting reaction; The pretreated cellulose nanocrystals are prepared by reacting cellulose nanocrystals with acetic anhydride.

2. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil according to claim 1, wherein The mass ratio of chitosan to 3,4 - dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid is 1:(1 - 1.2).

3. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1), the mass ratio of organically intercalated montmorillonite to white oil is 1:(12 - 15); the mass ratio of modified chitosan to acetic acid aqueous solution is 1:(30 - 32).

4. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 3), the mass ratio of microcapsules, ethanol, ammonia water and tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:(18 - 20):(0.4 - 0.8):(1.5 - 3).

5. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average particle size of the composite microcapsules is 30 - 50 μm.

6. A high-performance machine tool guideway oil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The benzyl quaternary ammonium salt derivative is one of dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, benzyl dimethyl octadecyl ammonium chloride and benzyl dimethyl octyl ammonium chloride.

7. A preparation method of a high-performance machine tool guideway oil as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It comprises the following preparation steps: mix the composite microcapsules and the surfactant to obtain mixture A, mix the base oil, polyisobutene and alkyl naphthalene to obtain mixture B, and then stir - mix mixture A and mixture B to obtain a high - performance machine tool guideway oil.

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