A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection

Abstract

The present invention discloses a gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage. It includes a metal frame, inside which a first hydrogen storage device, a second hydrogen storage device and a third hydrogen storage device are fixedly installed in the air, and are respectively used for storing high-purity hydrogen, industrial hydrogen and low-pressure mixed hydrogen; the top and bottom of the first hydrogen storage device, the second hydrogen storage device and the third hydrogen storage device are respectively provided with hydrogen inlet and outlet ports, and pressure sensors are installed; a central cooperative controller, which receives the pressure data of each hydrogen storage device and executes hierarchical pressure relief control; a pipeline network connecting the three hydrogen storage devices, including an upper pipe, a middle pipe, a lower pipe and multiple external pipes, and multi-stage pressure reducing valves and multi-way valves are provided in the pipeline; an external storage tank, which is connected to the upper pipe through a three-way pipe, injects a mixed medium into each hydrogen storage device, dynamically selects a pressure relief path according to the real-time pressure data of each hydrogen storage device (such as preferentially using the industrial hydrogen storage device to receive high-purity hydrogen), avoids overloading of a single hydrogen storage device, and also emits an alarm sound to remind the staff.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage, and particularly to a gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm and protection functions. Background Art

[0002] As a clean energy carrier, the safe storage of hydrogen is the key to the application of hydrogen energy. Existing high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage containers usually adopt a single shell structure, lacking real-time monitoring and active protection mechanisms for abnormal hydrogen pressure. Once the pressure gets out of control, it may lead to explosion risks. In the prior art, the protection means of hydrogen storage devices are mostly passive (such as pressure relief valves), which discharge hydrogen energy to protect the hydrogen storage container, resulting in energy consumption waste. Therefore, it is necessary to design a gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm and protection functions. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm and protection functions to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm and protection functions, including a metal frame, inside which a first hydrogen storage device, a second hydrogen storage device, and a third hydrogen storage device are fixedly installed in the air, respectively used for storing high-purity hydrogen, industrial hydrogen, and low-pressure mixed hydrogen;

[0005] At the top and bottom of the first hydrogen storage device, the second hydrogen storage device, and the third hydrogen storage device, hydrogen inlet and outlet ports are provided, and pressure sensors are installed;

[0006] A central cooperative controller, which receives the pressure data of each hydrogen storage device and performs hierarchical pressure relief control;

[0007] A pipeline network connecting the three hydrogen storage devices, including an upper pipe, a middle pipe, a lower pipe, and multiple external pipes. Multistage pressure reducing valves and multi-way valves are provided in the pipeline;

[0008] An external storage tank, connected to the upper pipe through a three-way pipe, used to inject a mixed medium into each hydrogen storage device.

[0009] According to the above technical solutions, the inner wall of the first hydrogen storage device is plated with a palladium alloy layer, the second hydrogen storage device adopts a chromium molybdenum steel shell, and the third hydrogen storage device is internally provided with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed buffer layer.

[0010] According to the above technical solutions, the first hydrogen storage device is respectively connected to the second hydrogen storage device and the third hydrogen storage device through the first external pipe, the third external pipe, and the sixth external pipe, forming a three-stage pressure relief path: when the low overload threshold is reached, hydrogen is unidirectionally pressure-relieved to the second hydrogen storage device through the first external pipe;

[0011] When the medium overload threshold is reached, hydrogen is diverted into the third hydrogen storage device;

[0012] When the high overload threshold is reached, the mixed medium is injected from the top of the receiving hydrogen storage tank to dilute the hydrogen concentration, while hydrogen enters from the bottom to achieve two-way pressure balance up and down.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the mixed medium is nitrogen or carbon dioxide, which is injected into the corresponding hydrogen storage tank through an external storage tank via an upper pipe to adjust the hydrogen purity or inhibit the risk of combustion and explosion.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, multi-stage pressure reducing valves are distributed at each pipeline node to control the pressure relief flow by gradually reducing the pressure and prevent pipeline impact caused by sudden pressure drop.

[0015] According to the above technical solution, the pipeline network includes a first external pipe, a third external pipe, and a sixth external pipe with redundant design. When a single pipeline fails, the central coordination controller switches to a standby pressure relief path.

[0016] According to the above technical solution, the central coordination controller dynamically adjusts the flow direction of the multi-way valve, preferentially relieves high-purity hydrogen to the industrial hydrogen storage tank or the mixed hydrogen storage tank, and limits the pressure relief flow according to the pressure threshold of the receiving hydrogen storage tank.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, the second hydrogen storage tank shunts the mixed medium and hydrogen to the third hydrogen storage tank through the tenth external pipe, and the third hydrogen storage tank realizes the reflux pressure relief of low-pressure mixed hydrogen through the central pipe and the twelfth external pipe.

[0018] According to the above technical solution, the mixed medium is adapted according to the type of hydrogen storage tank: nitrogen is injected into the industrial hydrogen storage tank to adjust the purity, and high-purity nitrogen is injected into the mixed hydrogen storage tank for emergency dilution.

[0019] According to the above technical solution, a buffer layer is filled between the metal frame and the hydrogen storage tank, and the pipeline is fixed by external fasteners to reduce the impact of external shock on the connection stability of the pipeline.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows: In the present invention, by providing a pipeline network connecting three hydrogen storage tanks, the central coordination controller dynamically selects a pressure relief path according to the real-time pressure data of each hydrogen storage tank (such as preferentially using the industrial hydrogen storage tank to receive high-purity hydrogen), avoiding overload of a single hydrogen storage tank, and at the same time sending an alarm sound to remind the staff during dynamic pressure relief. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In the drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 is the overall front three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the overall back surface of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the pipeline design of the present invention;

[0025] In the figure: 1. Metal frame; 2. First hydrogen storage device; 3. Second hydrogen storage device; 4. Third hydrogen storage device; 5. First hydrogen inlet; 6. First hydrogen outlet; 7. Second hydrogen inlet; 8. Second hydrogen outlet; 9. Third hydrogen inlet; 10. Third hydrogen outlet; 11. First conduit; 12. Second conduit; 13. Third conduit; 14. Upper pipe; 15. External fastener; 16. First multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 17. Second multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 18. Third multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 19. Delivery hole; 20. Three-way pipe; 21. First port; 22. Second port; 23. Third port; 24. First external storage tank; 25. Second external storage tank; 26. Third external storage tank; 27. First external pipe; 28. First multi-way valve; 29. Second external pipe; 30. Fourth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 31. Third external pipe; 32. Middle pipe; 33. Fourth external pipe; 34. Second multi-way valve; 35. Fifth external pipe; 36. Fifth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 37. Sixth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 38. Sixth external pipe; 39. Third multi-way valve; 40. Seventh external pipe; 41. Lower pipe; 42. Eighth external pipe; 43. Ninth external pipe; 44. Seventh multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 45. Eighth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 46. Ninth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 47. Tenth external pipe; 48. Tenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 49. Eleventh external pipe; 50. Central pipe; 51. Twelfth external pipe; 52. Eleventh multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 53. Twelfth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 54. Thirteenth external pipe; 55. Thirteenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve; 56. Fourteenth external pipe; 57. Fourteenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve. Specific embodiments

[0026] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 1 - 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection, including a metal frame 1. Inside the metal frame 1, a first hydrogen storage device 2, a second hydrogen storage device 3, and a third hydrogen storage device 4 are fixedly installed in the air. The first hydrogen storage device 2 is used to store high-purity hydrogen, the second hydrogen storage device 3 is used to store industrial hydrogen, and the third hydrogen storage device 4 is used to store low-pressure mixed hydrogen. The top and bottom of the first hydrogen storage device 2, the second hydrogen storage device 3, and the third hydrogen storage device 4 all have a pumping function;

[0028] The inner wall of the first hydrogen storage device 2 is plated with a palladium alloy layer to improve the stability of hydrogen purity. The second hydrogen storage device 3 uses a low-cost chromium-molybdenum steel shell, and the third hydrogen storage device 4 is internally provided with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed buffer layer;

[0029] A first pressure sensor is installed inside the first hydrogen storage device 2, a second pressure sensor is installed inside the second hydrogen storage device 3, and a third pressure sensor is installed inside the third hydrogen storage device 4. The first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, and the third pressure sensor all obtain the pressure value inside the hydrogen storage device in real time and transmit the value to the central collaborative controller, and complete the multi-hydrogen storage device linkage mechanism through the central collaborative controller;

[0030] A first hydrogen inlet 5 is provided at the top of the first hydrogen storage device 2, and a first hydrogen outlet 6 is provided at its bottom. High-purity hydrogen is injected into the first hydrogen storage device 2 through the first hydrogen inlet 5 for storage, and the high-purity hydrogen is output to the pointing structure at the fastest speed through the first hydrogen outlet 6 to complete the transfer of high-purity hydrogen;

[0031] A second hydrogen inlet 7 is provided at the top of the second hydrogen storage device 3, and a second hydrogen outlet 8 is provided at its bottom. Industrial hydrogen is injected into the second hydrogen storage device 3 through the second hydrogen inlet 7 for storage, and the industrial hydrogen is output to the pointing structure at the fastest speed through the second hydrogen outlet 8 to complete the transfer of industrial hydrogen;

[0032] A third hydrogen inlet 9 is provided at the top of the third hydrogen storage device 4, and a third hydrogen outlet 10 is provided at its bottom. Low-pressure mixed hydrogen is injected into the third hydrogen storage device 4 through the third hydrogen inlet 9 for storage, and the third hydrogen storage device 4 is output to the pointing structure at the fastest speed through the third hydrogen outlet 10 to complete the transfer of the third hydrogen storage device 4;

[0033] A first conduit 11 is installed at the top of the first hydrogen storage device 2, a second conduit 12 is installed at the top of the second hydrogen storage device 3, and a third conduit 13 is installed at the top of the third hydrogen storage device 4. The first conduit 11, the second conduit 12, and the third conduit 13 are jointly connected to an upper pipe 14, and the upper pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the metal frame 1 through an external fastener 15 to improve the stability of hydrogen transmission;

[0034] A first multi-stage pressure reducing valve 16 is provided on the part of the upper pipe 14 between the first conduit 11 and the second conduit 12, a second multi-stage pressure reducing valve 17 is provided on the second conduit 12, and a third multi-stage pressure reducing valve 18 is provided on the third conduit 13;

[0035] A conveying hole 19 is provided at the end of the upper pipe 14. The conveying hole 19 is connected to different external storage structures for introducing different gases. The conveying hole 19 is connected to a three-way pipe 20. The ports of the three-way pipe 20 are respectively provided with a first port 21, a second port 22 and a third port 23. The first port 21 is connected to a first external storage tank 24, the second port 22 is connected to a second external storage tank 25, and the third port 23 is connected to a third external storage tank 26;

[0036] A first air pumping assembly is arranged in the first external storage tank 24. The first mixed medium stored in the first external storage tank 24 is conveyed to the first port 21 through the first air pumping assembly, and the first mixed medium is conveyed into the upper pipe 14 through the first port 21;

[0037] A second air pumping assembly is arranged in the second external storage tank 25. The second mixed medium stored in the second external storage tank 25 is conveyed to the second port 22 through the second air pumping assembly, and the second mixed medium is conveyed into the upper pipe 14 through the second port 22;

[0038] A third air pumping assembly is arranged in the third external storage tank 26. The third mixed medium stored in the third external storage tank 26 is conveyed to the third port 23 through the third air pumping assembly, and the third mixed medium is conveyed into the upper pipe 14 through the third port 23;

[0039] The mixed medium can be carbon dioxide or nitrogen, and its function is to dilute high-purity hydrogen and maintain the stability of the hydrogen conveying process;

[0040] A first external pipe 27 extends and is provided on a first conduit 11 at the top of a first hydrogen storage device 2. The first external pipe 27 is connected to a first multi-way valve 28. The first multi-way valve 28 is connected to a second external pipe 29. The second external pipe 29 is hermetically connected to the bottom of a second hydrogen storage device 3. A fourth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 30 is provided on the first external pipe 27. The central cooperative controller detects that the internal pressure value of the first hydrogen storage device 2 is A, and divides the A value into a low overload threshold, a medium overload threshold, and a high overload threshold. If the central cooperative controller detects that the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage device 2 is the low overload threshold, the central cooperative controller drives a wireless external alarm device to emit an alarm sound to remind the staff. At the same time, it is detected that the internal pressure of the second hydrogen storage device 3 is within the preset safety threshold. The central cooperative controller opens the fourth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 30 and adjusts the first multi-way valve 28 at the same time, so that the first external pipe 27, the second external pipe 29, and the second hydrogen storage device 3 are connected. In this process, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage device 2 is transported to the second hydrogen storage device 3 to complete the pressure relief process, ensuring the protection of the first hydrogen storage device 2. The hydrogen transported into the second hydrogen storage device 3 is high-purity hydrogen. Only by adding a mixing medium can it be restored, and the restoration process is simple. During the hydrogen transportation process, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage device 2 is transported to the second external pipe 29 through the first external pipe 27, and then transported to the second hydrogen storage device 3 through the second external pipe 29;

[0041] Low overload threshold: Through the single-path pressure relief from the first hydrogen storage device 2 (high-purity hydrogen) to the second hydrogen storage device 3 (industrial hydrogen), it avoids directly exhausting and wasting high-purity hydrogen resources, and at the same time uses the volume of the second hydrogen storage device 3 to buffer the pressure;

[0042] The first external pipe 27 is connected to the third external pipe 31. A fifth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 36 is provided on the third external pipe 31. The third external pipe 31 is connected to the middle pipe 32. The fourth external pipe 33 is connected to the middle pipe 32. A sixth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 37 is provided on the fourth external pipe 33. The fourth external pipe 33 is connected to the second multi-way valve 34. The second multi-way valve 34 is connected to the fifth external pipe 35. The fifth external pipe 35 is hermetically connected to the bottom of the third hydrogen storage tank 4. If the central cooperation controller detects that the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage tank 2 is the medium overload threshold, the central cooperation controller drives the wireless external alarm device to emit an alarm sound to remind the staff. At the same time, it is detected that the internal pressures of the second hydrogen storage tank 3 and the third hydrogen storage tank 4 are the preset safety thresholds. While transporting the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 2 to the second hydrogen storage tank 3 through the central cooperation controller, by opening the fifth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 36 and the sixth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 37, the first external pipe 27, the third external pipe 31, the middle pipe 32, the fourth external pipe 33, the fifth external pipe 35 and the third hydrogen storage tank 4 are connected, so that a part of the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 2 is shunted into the third hydrogen storage tank 4, accelerating the pressure relief process of the first hydrogen storage tank 2. During the hydrogen transportation process, the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage tank 2 is transported to the third external pipe 31 through the first external pipe 27, then transported to the middle pipe 32 through the third external pipe 31, then transported to the fourth external pipe 33 through the middle pipe 32, then transported to the fifth external pipe 35 through the fourth external pipe 33, and finally transported to the third hydrogen storage tank 4;

[0043] Medium overload threshold: Increase the path for shunting to the third hydrogen storage tank 4 (mixed hydrogen), accelerate the pressure relief efficiency, and reduce the bursting risk of the high-purity hydrogen storage tank;

[0044] A sixth external pipe 38 is provided at the bottom of the first hydrogen storage device 2. The sixth external pipe 38 is connected to a third multi-way valve 39. The third multi-way valve 39 is connected to a seventh external pipe 40. A seventh multi-stage pressure reducing valve 44 is installed on the seventh external pipe 40. The seventh external pipe 40 is connected to a lower pipe 41. An eighth external pipe 42 and a ninth external pipe 43 are connected to the lower pipe 41. An eighth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 45 is installed on the eighth external pipe 42. A ninth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 46 is installed on the ninth external pipe 43. The eighth external pipe 42 is connected to a first multi-way valve 28. The ninth external pipe 43 is connected to a second multi-way valve 34. If the central collaborative controller detects that the internal pressure of the first hydrogen storage device 2 is at a high overload threshold, the central collaborative controller drives a wireless external alarm device to emit an alarm sound to alert the staff. The first external storage tank 24 is opened through the central collaborative controller to transport the first mixed medium into the upper pipe 14. Then, the second multi-stage pressure reducing valve 17 and the third multi-stage pressure reducing valve 18 are opened. The first mixed medium in the upper pipe 14 is transported to the second hydrogen storage device 3 through the second conduit 12. The first mixed medium in the upper pipe 14 is transported to the third hydrogen storage device 4 through the third conduit 13. By maintaining the first mixed medium transportation process, the preset safety thresholds in the second hydrogen storage device 3 and the third hydrogen storage device 4 are maintained. At the same time, the central collaborative controller opens the seventh multi-stage pressure reducing valve 44, the eighth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 45, and the ninth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 46, so that the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage device 2 is transported to the seventh external pipe 40 through the sixth external pipe 38, and then transported into the lower pipe 41 through the seventh external pipe 40, transported into the eighth external pipe 42 and the ninth external pipe 43 through the lower pipe 41, transported to the second external pipe 29 through the eighth external pipe 42, and enters the second hydrogen storage device 3, transported to the fifth external pipe 35 through the ninth external pipe 43, and enters the third hydrogen storage device 4. At this time, the first mixed medium enters through the tops of the second hydrogen storage device 3 and the third hydrogen storage device 4, quickly diluting the hydrogen concentration in the second hydrogen storage device 3 and the third hydrogen storage device 4, and the hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage device 2 enters from the bottoms of the second hydrogen storage device 3 and the third hydrogen storage device 4, reducing the pressure in the first hydrogen storage device 2. And because the volume of the hydrogen storage device body is large, if the mixed medium and hydrogen are transported simultaneously from the top or bottom of the hydrogen storage device, the pressure in the hydrogen storage device will be uneven, easily causing structural damage to the hydrogen storage device body;

[0045] High overload threshold: Start injecting the mixed medium (such as nitrogen / carbon dioxide) into the second hydrogen storage device 3 and the third hydrogen storage device 4, simultaneously diluting the hydrogen concentration from the top and receiving the pressure-relieved hydrogen from the bottom, and avoiding the deformation or rupture of the shell caused by the pressure gradient in the hydrogen storage device through the two-way pressure balance up and down;

[0046] The central collaborative controller dynamically selects the pressure relief path (such as preferentially using the industrial hydrogen storage device to receive high-purity hydrogen) according to the real-time pressure data of each hydrogen storage device, avoiding overloading of a single hydrogen storage device;

[0047] Precisely control the pressure relief flow rate and speed through multi-stage pressure relief valves (such as the fourth, fifth, and sixth stages) to prevent pipeline impact or temperature runaway caused by sudden pressure drop;

[0048] Multi-path redundancy design such as the first external pipe 27, the third external pipe 31, and the sixth external pipe 38 ensures that when a certain valve or pipeline fails, pressure relief can still be completed through other paths;

[0049] The multi-way valve supports flexible switching of flow directions to adapt to the linkage requirements of different pressure levels;

[0050] There are some externally exposed guide holes in the connecting pipelines of the first hydrogen storage device 2, the second hydrogen storage device 3, and the third hydrogen storage device 4. The guide holes are used to connect external structures, which are not shown in the drawings and are irrelevant to this embodiment;

[0051] The second mixed medium mainly serves the second hydrogen storage device 3 (industrial hydrogen) to dilute the purity of industrial hydrogen. When industrial hydrogen needs to adapt to low-purity demand scenarios, the second mixed medium is injected in proportion to reduce the hydrogen concentration. Or when the pressure of the second hydrogen storage device 3 is abnormal, the second mixed medium is injected from the top to inhibit the risk of hydrogen combustion and explosion. The injection process of the second mixed medium is driven by the central coordination controller to transport the second mixed medium to the upper pipe 14 and then to the second hydrogen storage device 3 through the second conduit 12 (the second multi-stage pressure relief valve 17 is opened);

[0052] When the central coordination controller detects that the internal pressure value of the second hydrogen storage device 3 is abnormal, while transporting the second mixed medium to the second hydrogen storage device 3, the central coordination controller drives the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage device 3 to be transported into the second external pipe 29, then through the second external pipe 29 into the eighth external pipe 42, then through the eighth external pipe 42 into the lower pipe 41, then through the lower pipe 41 into the ninth external pipe 43, then through the ninth external pipe 43 into the fifth external pipe 35, and finally transported into the third hydrogen storage device 4. This can not only dilute the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage device 3 but also complete the pressure relief of the second hydrogen storage device 3. Since the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage device 3 is not high-purity hydrogen, with safety as the first element, the process of transporting the second mixed medium from the top and relieving pressure from the bottom quickly completes the protection of the second hydrogen storage device 3;

[0053] The second conduit 12 is connected to the tenth external pipe 47. The tenth external pipe 47 is connected to the second multi-way valve 34. A tenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 48 is installed on the tenth external pipe 47. When relieving the pressure of the second hydrogen storage device 3, the tenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 48 is opened, so that a part of the second mixed medium transported into the second hydrogen storage device 3 is diverted into the tenth external pipe 47, and is transported into the fifth external pipe 35 through the tenth external pipe 47. It enters the third hydrogen storage device 4 together with the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage device 3 in the fifth external pipe 35, diluting the hydrogen in the second hydrogen storage device 3 to maintain the safety protection of the third hydrogen storage device 4. The second multi-way valve 34 changes the connection path between the fifth external pipe 35, the tenth external pipe 47, and the ninth external pipe 43 in a fixed-frequency mode, thereby realizing the above functions;

[0054] The middle pipe 32 is connected to the eleventh external pipe 49. An eleventh multi-stage pressure reducing valve 52 is installed on the eleventh external pipe 49. The eleventh external pipe 49 is connected to the central pipe 50. The central pipe 50 is connected to the twelfth external pipe 51. A twelfth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 53 is installed on the twelfth external pipe 51. The twelfth external pipe 51 is connected to the top of the third hydrogen storage device 4. The third mixed medium mainly serves the third hydrogen storage device 4 (low-pressure mixed hydrogen). When the central cooperative controller detects that the internal pressure value of the third hydrogen storage device 4 is abnormal, the third mixed medium is driven by the central cooperative controller to be transported to the upper pipe 14 and then transported into the third hydrogen storage device 4 through the third conduit 13, completing the dilution of the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device 4. At the same time, the central cooperative controller drives the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device 4 to be transported to the fourth external pipe 33 through the fifth external pipe 35, then transported to the eleventh external pipe 49 through the middle pipe 32, then transported to the twelfth external pipe 51 through the central pipe 50, and finally transported into the third hydrogen storage device 4. Through the long pipeline path, there is enough space in the third hydrogen storage device 4 for reflux, providing a pressure relief reflux path for the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device 4. Since the third hydrogen storage device 4 stores low-pressure mixed hydrogen, increasing the space appropriately can provide a pressure relief space for the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device 4;

[0055] The central pipe 50 is connected to the thirteenth external pipe 54. The thirteenth external pipe 54 is connected to the top of the second hydrogen storage device 3. A thirteenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 55 is installed on the thirteenth external pipe 54. The third multi-way valve 39 is connected to the fourteenth external pipe 56. A fourteenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 57 is installed on the fourteenth external pipe 56. The fourteenth external pipe 56 is connected to the middle pipe 32. By transporting the high-purity hydrogen in the first hydrogen storage device 2 into the fourteenth external pipe 56 through the sixth external pipe 38 (at this time, the fourteenth multi-stage pressure reducing valve 57 is opened), transporting it into the eleventh external pipe 49 through the fourteenth external pipe 56, transporting it to the central pipe 50 through the eleventh external pipe 49, transporting it into the thirteenth external pipe 54 through the central pipe 50, and entering the second hydrogen storage device 3 through the thirteenth external pipe 54, and cooperating with the mixed medium transported to the top of the second hydrogen storage device 3, the configuration of industrial hydrogen is completed;

[0056] Similarly, the high-purity hydrogen in the central tube 50 is transported to the twelfth external tube 51, and then transported to the third hydrogen storage 4 through the twelfth external tube 51, and the mixed medium transported from the top of the third hydrogen storage 4 is matched to complete the configuration of low-pressure mixed hydrogen;

[0057] Different types of mixed media are used to dilute different types of hydrogen to reduce the cost of using the mixed media.

[0058] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0059] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection, characterized in that, Comprising: A metal frame (1), inside which a first hydrogen storage vessel (2), a second hydrogen storage vessel (3) and a third hydrogen storage vessel (4) are fixedly installed in the air, and are respectively used for storing high-purity hydrogen, industrial hydrogen and low-pressure mixed hydrogen; The tops of the first hydrogen storage vessel (2), the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) and the third hydrogen storage vessel (4) are all provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and a pressure sensor is installed. The bottoms of the first hydrogen storage vessel (2), the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) and the third hydrogen storage vessel (4) are all provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, and a pressure sensor is installed; A central cooperative controller, which receives the pressure data of each hydrogen storage vessel and executes hierarchical pressure relief control; A pipeline network connecting the three hydrogen storage vessels, including an upper pipe (14), a middle pipe (32), a lower pipe (41) and a plurality of external pipes. Multistage pressure reducing valves and multi-way valves are provided in the pipeline; External storage tanks, including a first external storage tank (24), a second external storage tank (25) and a third external storage tank (26), are all connected to the upper pipe (14) through a three-way pipe (20) provided, and are used for injecting a mixed medium into each hydrogen storage vessel; The first hydrogen storage vessel (2) is respectively connected to the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) and the third hydrogen storage vessel (4) through a first external pipe (27), a third external pipe (31) and a sixth external pipe (38), forming a three-stage pressure relief path: when the low overload threshold is reached, hydrogen is unidirectionally pressure-relieved to the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) through the first external pipe (27), and the single-path pressure relief from the first hydrogen storage vessel (2) to the second hydrogen storage vessel (3); When the medium overload threshold is reached, hydrogen is shunted into the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) while increasing the path shunted to the third hydrogen storage vessel (4); When the high overload threshold is reached, a mixed medium is started to be injected into the second hydrogen storage vessel (3) and the third hydrogen storage vessel (4), and the hydrogen concentration is diluted from the top and the pressure-relieved hydrogen from the first hydrogen storage vessel (2) is received at the bottom simultaneously to achieve bidirectional pressure balance; A first external pipe (27) is extended and provided on a first conduit (11) at the top of the first hydrogen storage vessel (2). The first external pipe (27) is connected to a first multi-way valve (28), the first multi-way valve (28) is connected to a second external pipe (29), and the second external pipe (29) is hermetically connected to the bottom of the second hydrogen storage vessel (3); The first external pipe (27) is connected to a third external pipe (31). A fifth multi-stage pressure reducing valve (36) is provided on the third external pipe (31). The third external pipe (31) is connected to a middle pipe (32). A fourth external pipe (33) is connected to the middle pipe (32). A sixth multi-stage pressure reducing valve (37) is provided on the fourth external pipe (33). The fourth external pipe (33) is connected to a second multi-way valve (34). The second multi-way valve (34) is connected to a fifth external pipe (35). The fifth external pipe (35) is hermetically connected to the bottom of the third hydrogen storage vessel (4).

2. The gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first hydrogen storage vessel (2) is plated with a palladium alloy layer. The second hydrogen storage vessel (3) adopts a chromium molybdenum steel shell. The third hydrogen storage vessel (4) is internally provided with a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed buffer layer.

3. The gaseous hydrogen storage device capable of giving an alarm and providing protection according to claim 2, wherein The mixed medium is injected into the corresponding hydrogen storage device through the first external storage tank (24), the second external storage tank (25) and the third external storage tank (26) via the upper pipe (14) for diluting the hydrogen concentration or adjusting the purity.

4. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, Multi-stage pressure relief valves are distributed at each pipeline node for controlling the pressure relief flow step by step to prevent pipeline impact caused by sudden pressure drop.

5. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pipeline network includes a first external pipe (27), a third external pipe (31) and a sixth external pipe (38) with redundant design. When a single pipeline fails, the central coordination controller switches to the standby path to complete the pressure relief.

6. The gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The central coordination controller dynamically adjusts the flow direction of the multi-way valve, preferentially relieving high-purity hydrogen to the second hydrogen storage device (3) or the third hydrogen storage device (4), and restricting the pressure relief flow according to the pressure threshold of the receiving hydrogen storage device.

7. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second hydrogen storage device (3) shunts the mixed medium and hydrogen to the third hydrogen storage device (4) through the tenth external pipe (47), driving the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device (4) to be transported to the fourth external pipe (33) via the fifth external pipe (35), transported to the eleventh external pipe (49) via the middle pipe (32), transported to the twelfth external pipe (51) via the central pipe (50), and finally transported into the third hydrogen storage device (4). Through the long pipeline path, there is enough space in the third hydrogen storage device (4) for reflux, providing a pressure relief reflux path for the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device (4). Since the low-pressure mixed hydrogen is stored in the third hydrogen storage device (4), increasing the space provides a pressure relief space for the hydrogen in the third hydrogen storage device (4).

8. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mixed medium is adapted according to type: the second mixed medium is used for adjusting the purity of industrial hydrogen; the third mixed medium is used for emergency dilution of mixed hydrogen.

9. A gaseous hydrogen storage device with alarm protection according to claim 8, characterized in that, A buffer layer is filled between the metal frame (1) and the hydrogen storage device, and the pipeline is fixed by an external fastener (15) to reduce the influence of external impact on the transportation stability.

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