Dynamic monitoring instrument and monitoring method for track subgrade ballast bed

Abstract

The invention relates to a track bed dynamic monitor and a monitoring method, belongs to the technical field of track bed monitoring, and discloses a track bed dynamic monitor which comprises a mounting frame arranged between two sleepers, a fixed box is arranged on the upper side of the mounting frame, and a monitoring mechanism is arranged between the fixed box and a steel rail; the monitoring mechanism comprises a pre-tightening plate attached to the bottom of the steel rail, a force sensor, a displacement measurement sensor and an electronic testing device, wherein the force sensor and the displacement measurement sensor are installed in the fixing box, the electronic testing device is arranged on one side of the railway, and a moving mechanism is arranged between the fixing box and the installation frame. According to the track roadbed ballast bed dynamic monitor and the monitoring method, the monitoring accuracy is improved, use is convenient, and the problems that in the use process of an existing ballast bed dynamic monitor, the monitoring position cannot be adjusted, the monitoring effect is poor, the monitoring accuracy is reduced, meanwhile, field installation of an electronic testing device is inconvenient, and use is inconvenient are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ballast monitoring, and particularly to a dynamic monitor for a railway subgrade ballast and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] The subgrade is the foundation of the line, and its stiffness and strength affect the geometric dimensions and smoothness of the track structure. In the subgrade design and construction specifications, clear regulations are made for the design dynamic load and compaction state of the subgrade for different line grades.

[0003] In the prior art, the publication number CN102661821B discloses a dynamic monitor for a ballast and a method, including a pre-tightening device, a force sensor, and a bearing device arranged in sequence from top to bottom. A displacement measurement sensor is arranged inside the bearing device, and the force sensor and the displacement measurement sensor are respectively connected to an electronic test device. The pre-tightening device, the force sensor, and the bearing device are arranged between the rail and the ballast, and a pre-tightening force is applied through the pre-tightening device. The dynamic strain generated on the ballast when the train runs is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor, and the dynamic load generated on the ballast when the train runs is monitored by the force sensor. The monitored data signal is transmitted to the electronic test device through a cable, and the electronic test device processes the data. It is simple to operate, has a fast detection speed, does not interfere with train operation, and causes no damage to the subgrade.

[0004] This device cannot adjust the monitoring position during use, resulting in poor monitoring effects and reduced monitoring accuracy. At the same time, it is not convenient to install the electronic test device on-site and is inconvenient to use. Therefore, a dynamic monitor for a railway subgrade ballast and a monitoring method are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic monitor for a railway subgrade ballast and a monitoring method, which have the advantages of being convenient to adjust the monitoring position and convenient to install, and solve the problems that the existing dynamic monitor for a ballast cannot adjust the monitoring position during use, resulting in poor monitoring effects and reduced monitoring accuracy. At the same time, it is not convenient to install the electronic test device on-site and is inconvenient to use.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A dynamic monitor for a railway subgrade ballast, including an installation frame arranged between two sleepers, a fixed box is arranged on the upper side of the installation frame, and a monitoring mechanism is arranged between the fixed box and the rail; The monitoring mechanism includes a pre-tightening plate attached to the bottom of the rail, a force sensor and a displacement measurement sensor respectively installed inside the fixed box, and an electronic test device arranged on one side of the railway. A moving mechanism is arranged between the fixed box and the installation frame, and an installation component is arranged outside the electronic test device; The moving mechanism includes a driving motor, a main gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, a driven gear is meshed outside the main gear, a connecting shaft is fixedly installed inside the driven gear, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a lead screw, a threaded sleeve is threadedly connected outside the lead screw, a movable plate is fixedly connected to the upper side of the threaded sleeve, and a connecting mechanism is arranged between the movable plate and the fixed box; The installation component includes brackets, the number of brackets is two, an installation plate is fixedly connected between the two brackets, a shed is fixedly installed on the tops of the two brackets, and the electronic test device is fixedly installed on the top of the installation plate; The connecting mechanism includes a fixing plate, the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate, an electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing plate, a connecting block is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the electric push rod, and the connecting block is detachably connected to the outer wall of the fixed box.

[0007] Further, the installation frame is fixedly installed on the top of the railway track, an embedded seat is arranged inside the railway track, and the driving motor is fixedly installed inside the embedded seat.

[0008] Further, one end of the connecting shaft away from the lead screw is connected to the inner wall of the installation frame through a bearing, and one end of the lead screw away from the connecting shaft is connected to the inner wall of the installation frame through a bearing.

[0009] Further, both the main gear and the driven gear are bevel gears, and the pre-tightening plate is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed box.

[0010] Further, a connecting plate is fixedly installed inside the installation frame, a strip-shaped opening is formed inside the connecting plate, and the movable plate is located inside the strip-shaped opening.

[0011] Further, a slider is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded sleeve, a guide rail is fixedly installed inside the installation frame, and the slider is slidably connected inside the guide rail.

[0012] Further, a support block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket, and the support block is fixedly connected to the railway track.

[0013] Further, protective plates are arranged on the outer sides of both brackets, and buffer rods are installed between the protective plates and the brackets.

[0014] Further, the electronic test device includes a tester body and a panel, a printer interface and a charging socket are arranged on the side of the tester body, and a liquid crystal display screen and keys are arranged on the panel.

[0015] The present invention also provides a monitoring method for a track subgrade ballast dynamic monitor, including the following steps: 1) The driving motor operates to drive the main gear and the driven gear for transmission, causing the connecting shaft and the lead screw to rotate. The lead screw drives the threaded sleeve to move, adjusting the positions of the fixed box and the pre-tightening plate. 2) The electronic testing device is quickly installed on one side of the railway through the support, the mounting plate, and the shelter. 3) The dynamic strain generated by the train on the roadbed during operation is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor, and the dynamic load generated by the train on the roadbed during operation is monitored by the force sensor. The monitored data signals are transmitted to the electronic testing device through the cable. The electronic testing device processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the roadbed during the train's running process, as well as the maximum load and maximum strain values.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and a monitoring method, having the following beneficial effects: 1. For the dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and the monitoring method, by starting the driving motor to drive the main gear and the driven gear for transmission, causing the connecting shaft and the lead screw to rotate, and the lead screw drives the threaded sleeve to move, the positions of the fixed box and the pre-tightening plate are adjusted, facilitating the adjustment of the monitoring position. At the same time, the electronic testing device is quickly installed on one side of the railway through the support, the mounting plate, and the shelter, which is convenient to use. During the monitoring process, the dynamic strain generated by the train on the roadbed during operation is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor, and the dynamic load generated by the train on the roadbed during operation is monitored by the force sensor. The monitored data signals are transmitted to the electronic testing device through the cable. The electronic testing device processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the roadbed during the train's running process, as well as the maximum load and maximum strain values. Through the above settings, the monitoring accuracy is improved, it is convenient to use, and the problems that the existing dynamic monitor for roadbed cannot adjust the monitoring position during use, the monitoring effect is poor, the monitoring accuracy is reduced, and at the same time, it is not convenient to install the electronic testing device on-site and inconvenient to use are solved.

[0017] 2. For the dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and the monitoring method, the electric push rod is used to push the connecting block to move and drive the fixed box to move, facilitating the removal of the fixed box and the pre-tightening plate from the rail. Among them, the fixed box, the pre-tightening plate, and the connecting block are all connected by screws, which is convenient for the maintenance and repair of the monitoring mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and a monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving mechanism of a dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and a monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the electronic testing device of a dynamic monitor for railway subgrade roadbed and a monitoring method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a side structural view of the movable plate of a dynamic monitor and monitoring method for a railway subgrade ballast bed according to the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1, railway; 2, sleeper; 3, rail; 4, fixed box; 5, pre-tightening plate; 6, force sensor; 7, displacement measurement sensor; 8, mounting frame; 9, embedded seat; 10, drive motor; 11, main gear; 12, driven gear; 13, connecting shaft; 14, lead screw; 15, threaded sleeve; 16, movable plate; 17, connecting plate; 18, slider; 19, guide rail; 20, electronic test device; 21, bracket; 22, support block; 23, mounting plate; 24, shed; 25, protection plate; 26, buffer rod; 27, fixed plate; 28, electric push rod; 29, connecting block. Specific embodiments

[0020] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , a dynamic monitor for a railway subgrade ballast bed in this embodiment includes a mounting frame 8 arranged between two sleepers 2. The mounting frame 8 is fixedly installed on the top of the railway 1, and a fixed box 4 is arranged on the upper side of the mounting frame 8.

[0022] In this embodiment, a monitoring mechanism is arranged between the fixed box 4 and the rail 3. The monitoring mechanism includes a pre-tightening plate 5 attached to the bottom of the rail 3, a force sensor 6 and a displacement measurement sensor 7 respectively installed inside the fixed box 4, and an electronic test device 20 arranged on one side of the railway 1. The electronic test device 20 includes a tester body and a panel. A printer interface and a charging socket are arranged on the side of the tester body, and a liquid crystal display screen and buttons are arranged on the panel.

[0023] It can be understood that the dynamic strain generated by the train running on the ballast bed is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor 7, and the dynamic load generated by the train running on the ballast bed is monitored by the force sensor 6. The monitored data signals are transmitted to the electronic test device 20 through a cable. The electronic test device 20 processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the ballast bed during the train running process, as well as the maximum load and maximum strain values.

[0024] In this embodiment, a moving mechanism is arranged between the fixed box 4 and the mounting frame 8. The moving mechanism includes a driving motor 10. A main gear 11 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the driving motor 10. A driven gear 12 is meshed outside the main gear 11. A connecting shaft 13 is fixedly installed inside the driven gear 12. One end of the connecting shaft 13 is fixedly connected to a lead screw 14. A threaded sleeve 15 is threadedly connected to the outside of the lead screw 14. A movable plate 16 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the threaded sleeve 15. A connecting mechanism is arranged between the movable plate 16 and the fixed box 4. The connecting mechanism includes a fixing plate 27. The fixing plate 27 is fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate 16. An electric push rod 28 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixing plate 27. A connecting block 29 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the electric push rod 28. The connecting block 29 is detachably connected to the outer wall of the fixed box 4. The electric push rod 28 is used to push the connecting block 29 to move and drive the fixed box 4 to move, which is convenient for moving the fixed box 4 and the pre-tightening plate 5 out of the rail 3. Among them, the fixed box 4, the pre-tightening plate 5 and the connecting block 19 are all connected by screws, which is convenient for overhaul and maintenance of the monitoring mechanism.

[0025] Among them, an embedded seat 9 is arranged inside the railway track 1. The driving motor 10 is fixedly installed inside the embedded seat 9. One end of the connecting shaft 13 away from the lead screw 14 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 8 through a bearing. One end of the lead screw 14 away from the connecting shaft 13 is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 8 through a bearing. Both the main gear 11 and the driven gear 12 are bevel gears. The pre-tightening plate 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed box 4. A connecting plate 17 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 8. A strip-shaped opening is formed inside the connecting plate 17. The movable plate 16 is located inside the strip-shaped opening.

[0026] It should be noted that a slider 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded sleeve 15. A guide rail 19 is fixedly installed inside the mounting frame 8. The slider 18 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 19.

[0027] In this embodiment, an installation component is arranged outside the electronic test device 20. The installation component includes brackets 21. The number of brackets 21 is two. An installation plate 23 is fixedly connected between the two brackets 21. A shed 24 is fixedly installed on the tops of the two brackets 21. The electronic test device 20 is fixedly installed on the top of the installation plate 23.

[0028] Among them, a support block 22 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket 21. The support block 22 is fixedly connected to the railway track 1.

[0029] It should be noted that protective plates 25 are arranged on the outer sides of the two brackets 21. A buffer rod 26 is installed between the protective plate 25 and the bracket 21. The present invention also provides a monitoring method for a track subgrade ballast dynamic monitor, including the following steps: 1) The drive motor 10 operates to drive the main gear 11 and the driven gear 12 to transmit power, causing the connecting shaft 13 and the lead screw 14 to rotate. The lead screw 14 drives the threaded sleeve 15 to move, adjusting the positions of the fixed box 4 and the pre-tightening plate 5. 2) The electronic testing device 20 is quickly installed on one side of the railway track 1 through the bracket 21, the mounting plate 23, and the shelter 24. 3) The dynamic strain generated by the train during operation on the roadbed is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor 7, and the dynamic load generated by the train during operation on the roadbed is monitored by the force sensor 6. The monitored data signals are transmitted to the electronic testing device 20 through the cable. The electronic testing device 20 processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the roadbed during the train's running process, as well as the maximum load and maximum strain values.

[0030] The working principle of the above embodiment is as follows: During use, by starting the drive motor 10 to drive the main gear 11 and the driven gear 12 to transmit power, the connecting shaft 13 and the lead screw 14 are rotated. The lead screw 14 drives the threaded sleeve 15 to move, realizing the adjustment of the positions of the fixed box 4 and the pre-tightening plate 5, facilitating the adjustment of the monitoring position. At the same time, the electronic testing device 20 is quickly installed on one side of the railway track 1 through the bracket 21, the mounting plate 23, and the shelter 24, which is convenient to use. During the monitoring process, the dynamic strain generated by the train during operation on the roadbed is monitored by the displacement measurement sensor 7, and the dynamic load generated by the train during operation on the roadbed is monitored by the force sensor 6. The monitored data signals are transmitted to the electronic testing device 20 through the cable. The electronic testing device 20 processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the roadbed during the train's running process, as well as the maximum load and maximum strain values.

[0031] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the existence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the said element.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A track subgrade dynamic monitoring device, comprising a mounting frame (8) arranged between two sleepers (2), a fixing box (4) being arranged on the upper side of the mounting frame (8), characterized in that: A monitoring mechanism is provided between the fixed box (4) and the rail (3); The monitoring mechanism comprises a pre-tightening plate (5) abutting against the bottom of the rail (3), a force sensor (6) and a displacement measuring sensor (7) respectively mounted inside the fixing box (4), and an electronic testing device (20) disposed on one side of the railway (1); a moving mechanism is disposed between the fixing box (4) and the mounting frame (8); and a mounting assembly is disposed outside the electronic testing device (20); The moving mechanism comprises a driving motor (10), a main gear (11) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor (10), a slave gear (12) is meshed on the outer side of the main gear (11), a connecting shaft (13) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the slave gear (12), one end of the connecting shaft (13) is fixedly connected to a screw rod (14), the outer side of the screw rod (14) is threadedly connected to a threaded sleeve (15), the upper side of the threaded sleeve (15) is fixedly connected to a movable plate (16), and a connecting mechanism is provided between the movable plate (16) and the fixed box (4); The mounting assembly comprises a bracket (21), the number of the brackets (21) being two, a mounting plate (23) being fixedly connected between the two brackets (21), a canopy (24) being fixedly mounted on the top of the two brackets (21), and the electronic testing device (20) being fixedly mounted on the top of the mounting plate (23); The connection mechanism comprises a fixed plate (27), the fixed plate (27) being fixedly connected to the top of the movable plate (16), an electric push rod (28) being fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed plate (27), a connecting block (29) being fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the electric push rod (28), and the connecting block (29) being detachably connected to the outer wall of the fixed box (4).

2. A track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation frame (8) is fixedly mounted on the top of the railway (1); an embedded seat (9) is provided inside the railway (1); and the drive motor (10) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the embedded seat (9).

3. A track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the connecting shaft (13) away from the screw rod (14) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (8) via a bearing, and one end of the screw rod (14) away from the connecting shaft (13) is connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (8) via a bearing.

4. A track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main gear (11) and the slave gear (12) are both bevel gears, and the preload plate (5) is fixedly mounted on the top of the fixed box (4).

5. The track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting plate (17) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame (8), a strip-shaped opening is provided on the inner side of the connecting plate (17), and the movable plate (16) is located on the inner side of the strip-shaped opening.

6. A track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slider (18) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the threaded sleeve (15), a guide rail (19) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the installation frame (8), and the slider (18) is slidably connected to the inner side of the guide rail (19).

7. The track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support block (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket (21), and the support block (22) is fixedly connected to the railway (1).

8. The track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A protective plate (25) is provided on the outer sides of the two brackets (21), and a buffer rod (26) is installed between the protective plate (25) and the bracket (21).

9. The track subgrade dynamic monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic testing device (20) comprises a tester body and a panel, the side of the tester body is provided with a printer interface and a charging socket, and the panel is provided with a liquid crystal display screen and buttons.

10. A monitoring method for a track subgrade dynamic monitoring instrument, used for the track subgrade dynamic monitoring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) The driving motor (10) is operated to drive the main gear (11) and the slave gear (12) to rotate, so that the connecting shaft (13) and the screw rod (14) rotate, and the screw rod (14) drives the threaded sleeve (15) to move, thereby adjusting the positions of the fixed box (4) and the preload plate (5); 2) The electronic testing device (20) is quickly installed on one side of the railway (1) through the bracket (21), the mounting plate (23) and the canopy (24); 3) The dynamic strain generated on the roadbed during the operation of the train is monitored by a displacement measurement sensor (7), and the dynamic load generated on the roadbed during the operation of the train is monitored by a force sensor (6). The monitored data signal is transmitted to the electronic testing device (20) through a cable. The electronic testing device (20) processes the data and displays the dynamic load and dynamic strain relationship curve of the roadbed during the operation of the train, the maximum load and the maximum strain value.

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