Accurate coal mine carbon emission sensing device and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of coal mine gas emission detection, and particularly discloses a coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device and method. The device comprises a wind speed sensing unit, a gas concentration sensing unit and a temperature, humidity and pressure sensing unit, and acquisition ends of the sensing units are arranged at fixed points reserved in the fan drift and are respectively used for measuring discharge wind speed, gas concentration and temperature, humidity and pressure information in the mine fan drift. The gas concentration sensing unit comprises a carbon monoxide gas concentration sensing unit, a carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing unit and a methane gas concentration sensing unit, and the carbon monoxide gas concentration sensing unit, the carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing unit and the methane gas concentration sensing unit are respectively used for measuring concentration information of gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane. Furthermore, the purpose of accurately measuring the emission of various carbon gases can be achieved by matching with the concentration information of the carbon emission gases measured by various gas concentration sensing units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of coal mine gas emission detection, and relates to a precise perception device and method for coal mine carbon emissions. Background Art

[0003] During the process of coal formation and metamorphism, gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane are produced. During coal mining, some are extracted and utilized, while some are emitted into the air, including the part released into the atmosphere during post-mining washing, storage, transportation, etc.

[0004] For coal mines, it is necessary to accurately monitor the carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, methane and other gases produced and discharged during the production process. The existing monitoring methods mainly rely on monitoring methods such as coal conversion accounting and satellite cruise monitoring.

[0005] However, these existing monitoring methods are not accurate for the actual near-surface coal mine carbon emission monitoring. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a precise perception device and method for coal mine carbon emissions to achieve precise measurement of the carbon emission gases in the mine air shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0006] One of the purposes of the present invention is to propose a precise perception device for coal mine carbon emissions, which can accurately monitor the gases discharged from the air shaft of the main ventilator of the coal mine, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately measuring the carbon gas emissions of the coal mine.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A precise perception device for coal mine carbon emissions includes a host computer and a perception unit;

[0009] Among them, the perception unit includes a wind speed perception unit, a gas concentration perception unit, and a temperature, humidity and pressure perception unit; each perception unit is respectively used to detect the emission wind speed, gas concentration, and temperature, humidity and pressure information in the mine air shaft and upload them to the host computer;

[0010] The wind speed perception unit includes a dynamic pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure transmitter; multiple groups of dynamic pressure sensors are provided, and each group of dynamic pressure sensors is respectively arranged at a dynamic pressure measurement point reserved in the mine air shaft and connected to the dynamic pressure transmitter through a bundle tube;

[0011] Each dynamic pressure transmitter is located outside the mine air shaft and is respectively connected to the host computer;

[0012] The temperature, humidity and pressure perception unit includes a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and a temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter;

[0013] Among them, the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is arranged at the reserved temperature, humidity and pressure measurement point in the mine air drift; the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter is located outside the mine air drift and is connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor; the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter is also connected to the upper computer;

[0014] The gas concentration sensing unit includes methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing units; the three gas concentration sensing units are all composed of a separate gas extraction sensing unit and a corresponding gas concentration sensor;

[0015] The acquisition end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located inside the mine air drift, the non-acquisition end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located outside the mine air drift, and is connected to the gas concentration sensor, and the gas concentration sensor is connected to the upper computer.

[0016] Preferably, the precise coal mine carbon emission sensing device further includes a bundled through-drift protection unit; among them, the bundled through-drift protection unit is installed on the air drift wall, one end of which is connected to the outside of the air drift and one end is connected to the inside of the air drift;

[0017] The bundle pipes or cables led out from the acquisition ends of each sensing unit pass through the mine air drift via the bundled through-drift protection unit.

[0018] Preferably, the bundled through-drift protection unit includes an input cover, an output cover and a bundled through-drift pipe; among them, the input cover and the output cover are respectively connected to one end of the bundled through-drift pipe and are located inside and outside the air drift correspondingly, and the bundled through-drift pipe penetrates the air drift wall;

[0019] The cross-sectional sizes of the input cover and the output cover are both larger than the cross-sectional size of the bundled through-drift pipe; mesh plates for the bundle pipes to pass through are installed at both inner ends of the bundled through-drift pipe, and among them, the bundle pipes or cables pass through the holes on the mesh plates.

[0020] Preferably, the precise coal mine carbon emission sensing device further includes a measurement bracket; among them, the measurement bracket is vertically installed at a certain air drift cross-section in the mine air drift, and the acquisition ends of each sensing unit are all installed on the measurement bracket.

[0021] Preferably, the measurement bracket is a mesh structure formed by cross-connecting a number of horizontal installation rods and vertical installation rods, among which the size of the mesh structure is adapted to the size of the air drift cross-section, and the edge of the mesh structure is fixed on the air drift wall.

[0022] Preferably, the square area formed by the cross-connection of the horizontal installation rods and the vertical installation rods is the wind speed sensing area;

[0023] Among them, there are multiple groups of wind speed sensing units, and each wind speed sensing unit is correspondingly installed at a square area, and its acquisition end extends to the center position of the corresponding square area and is used to measure the wind speed in the square area.

[0024] Preferably, each group of dynamic pressure sensors includes two pitot tubes;

[0025] Both pitot tubes are installed back-to-back and downward, that is, the sampling ports of the pitot tubes face downward. The sampling port of one pitot tube is arranged facing the wind direction, and the sampling port of the other pitot tube is arranged facing the leeward direction.

[0026] The two pitot tubes are respectively connected to a collection port of a dynamic pressure transmitter through an independent bundle tube.

[0027] Preferably, the gas concentration sensing unit includes methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing units; the three gas concentration sensing units are all composed of a separate gas extraction sensing unit and a corresponding gas concentration sensor.

[0028] The gas extraction sensing unit includes a bundle tube, an extraction pump, a filtering unit, and a cold drying and water removal unit.

[0029] Among them, the bundle tube in the gas extraction sensing unit is arranged at the gas concentration measurement point reserved in the mine air drift; the extraction pump, the filtering unit, the cold drying and water removal unit, and the gas concentration sensor are all located outside the mine air drift.

[0030] After the bundle tube in the gas extraction sensing unit is led out from the mine air drift, it is successively connected to the filtering unit, the extraction pump, the cold drying and water removal unit, and the corresponding gas concentration sensor; among them, each gas concentration sensor is connected to the upper computer.

[0031] In addition, based on the above coal mine carbon emission precise sensing device, the present invention also proposes a coal mine carbon emission precise sensing method adapted thereto, which adopts the following technical solutions:

[0032] A coal mine carbon emission precise sensing method includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1. The upper computer controls gas extraction. The extracted gas is filtered and cold-dried and then sent to the corresponding gas concentration sensor. The gas concentrations measured by each gas concentration sensor are uploaded to the upper computer.

[0034] Step 2. Each dynamic pressure sensor and temperature, humidity and pressure sensor synchronously sense information and send it to the upper computer.

[0035] Step 3. The upper computer first calculates the dynamic pressure according to the dynamic pressure information measured by the dynamic pressure sensor, calculates the air density according to the temperature, humidity and pressure information measured by the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, and further calculates the wind speed at each measurement point according to the dynamic pressure and the air density.

[0036] Step 4. Calculate the overall flow rate of the air drift based on the wind speed at each measurement point, and calculate the carbon gas emission amount in combination with the gas concentration.

[0037] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0038] As described above, the present invention relates to a device and method for accurately sensing carbon emissions from coal mines. The device of the present invention includes a wind speed sensing unit, a gas concentration sensing unit, and a temperature, humidity, and pressure sensing unit, and are respectively used to measure the emission wind speed, gas concentration, and temperature, humidity, and pressure information in the mine wind tunnel. The gas concentration sensing unit includes three types of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane gas concentration sensing units, and are respectively used to measure the concentration information of gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and methane. The method of the present invention can obtain the emission wind speed and temperature, humidity, and pressure information in the mine wind tunnel, and can obtain the accurate total flow rate of the wind tunnel, and further cooperate with the concentration information of carbon emission gases measured by various gas concentration sensing units, so as to achieve the purpose of accurately measuring various carbon gas emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a general schematic diagram of a device for accurately sensing carbon emissions from coal mines in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a precise sensing device for coal mine carbon emissions in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A in FIG.

[0042] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit in the embodiment of the present invention; (a) is a front view of the installation of the pitot tube; (b) is a side view of the installation of the pitot tube; (c) is a back view of the installation of the pitot tube;

[0043] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cluster tunnel protection unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mesh plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a distributed data transmission unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a carbon monoxide gas concentration sensing unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 9 It is an overall flow chart of the method for accurately sensing carbon emissions from coal mines in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Among them: 1-dynamic pressure sensor, 2-measuring bracket, 3-lateral mounting rod, 4-longitudinal mounting rod, 5-Pitot tube, 6-dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit, 7-upper sensor fixing groove, 8-lower Pitot tube mounting plate, 9-fixing part, 10-bundled tunnel protection unit, 11-input cover, 12-output cover, 13-bundled tunnel pipe, 14-mesh hole, 15-wind tunnel wall, 16-bundle pipe, 17-temperature, humidity and pressure sensor, 18-temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter, 19-dynamic pressure transmitter, 20-distributed data transmission unit, 21-bundled wire box; 22-mesh plate, 23-temperature, humidity and pressure signal line, 24-distributed data transmission unit housing, 25-grid area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0050] Example 1

[0051] For underground coal mines, carbon gas emissions are mainly discharged through the ventilation system. Therefore, to achieve accurate measurement, it is necessary to install a host computer at the ground monitoring station and deploy a sensing unit in the wind tunnel to achieve carbon gas emission measurement in underground coal mines.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the precise sensing device for coal mine carbon emissions in this embodiment includes two parts: a host computer and a sensing unit.

[0053] The host computer is used to control the synchronous sampling, sensing and data processing of various types of system information. The sensing unit is used to collect various parameters required for carbon monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, pressure, wind tunnel discharge wind speed, and methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide concentrations.

[0054] The host computer system consists of a control module, a central analysis module, and auxiliary devices.

[0055] The control module and the central analysis module are usually placed in a single control panel cabinet, and can also be installed in a split type according to the site conditions. The auxiliary device includes equipment modules that assist the system, such as power modules, communication modules, heat dissipation modules, etc.

[0056] The control module is generally implemented with a self-developed control board, and can also be implemented with a programmable controller such as PLC, single-chip microcomputer, ARM, etc. The self-developed control board mainly contains CPU chips, storage chips, input and output interfaces, power modules, and communication interfaces. It is generally integrated in a 1U standard server shell and is used to realize central control functions such as gas extraction control, dust removal and cold drying, and gas analysis.

[0057] The central analysis module generally uses a small and lightweight chemical control-grade server, which is mainly used for various multi-source data preprocessing, storage, and calculation functions such as emission gas concentration calculation, wind speed calculation, and total gas emission calculation.

[0058] Specifically, the sensing unit includes a wind speed sensing unit, a gas concentration sensing unit, and a temperature, humidity, and pressure sensing unit. Among them, the wind speed sensing unit, the gas concentration sensing unit, and the temperature, humidity, and pressure sensing unit are all connected to the upper computer.

[0059] The collection ends of the above-mentioned sensing units are all located in the mine air drift, and are respectively used to detect the discharge wind speed, gas concentration, and temperature, humidity, and pressure information in the mine air drift, and upload the collected information to the upper computer.

[0060] Specifically, the wind speed sensing unit is used to measure the exhaust wind speed of the air drift. There are three gas concentration sensing units, namely methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing units, and the three gas concentration sensing units are respectively used to measure the methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide concentrations in the air drift. The temperature, humidity, and pressure sensor is used to measure the temperature, humidity, and pressure information in the air drift.

[0061] Calculating the carbon gas emissions of a coal mine requires synchronously and accurately measuring the concentrations of various carbon gases and the air volume in the air drift, and then calculating through a calculation method. There are two traditional measurement methods for the air volume in the air drift:

[0062] One is the direct method, which uses a wind speed sensor to directly arrange points for measurement, and then calculates the wind speed and air volume;

[0063] The second is to install an ultrasonic sensor in the same air duct to detect the wind speed.

[0064] However, due to factors such as high air dust concentration and high air humidity in the return air current, the sensors are often blocked in the above two methods, and frequent manual cleaning is required. The construction safety of cleaning and the personal safety of construction workers cannot be guaranteed.

[0065] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes an indirect air volume accurate sensing method, that is, by measuring the vertical flow pressure and the oncoming pressure of the wind at the dynamic pressure measurement point position, calculating the dynamic pressure according to the pressure difference between the two, and then deriving and calculating the wind flow velocity.

[0066] In order to achieve accurate indirect air volume sensing, the wind speed sensing unit in this embodiment adopts a dynamic pressure sensing unit.

[0067] Specifically, the wind speed sensing unit includes a dynamic pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure transmitter; among them, one or more groups of dynamic pressure sensors 1 are provided, and each group of dynamic pressure sensors is respectively arranged on a dynamic pressure measurement point reserved in the mine air drift.

[0068] The number of dynamic pressure sensors 1 is equal to that of the dynamic pressure transmitters and the two are connected in one-to-one correspondence. Each dynamic pressure transmitter is located outside the mine air drift, and each dynamic pressure transmitter is respectively connected to the upper computer, and uploads the collected dynamic pressure information to the upper computer.

[0069] Such asFigure 2 As shown, since it is difficult to accurately measure the fluid wind speed, the present invention is designed to arrange multiple points in the same cross-section of the air shaft for dynamic pressure measurement, and thus, through the wind speed calculation method, accurately measure the cross-section wind speed at the same moment.

[0070] In the same cross-section of the air shaft, within a very short distance range, the wind speed can be considered to be balanced. Therefore, the same cross-section in the air shaft is divided into multiple parts, and the dynamic pressure of each part is calculated by measuring the dynamic pressure with a dynamic pressure sensor 1.

[0071] To install each dynamic pressure sensor 1 in the air shaft, the coal mine carbon emission accurate perception device further includes a measurement support 2; wherein, the measurement support 2 is vertically installed at a certain air shaft cross-section in the mine air shaft.

[0072] The acquisition ends of each dynamic pressure sensor 1 are all installed on the measurement support 2 to realize the acquisition of corresponding information.

[0073] In this embodiment, the measurement support 2 is mainly used to fix and support each dynamic pressure sensor 1. Among them, the acquisition ends of the gas concentration perception unit and the temperature, humidity and pressure perception unit can also be fixed on the measurement support 2.

[0074] In order to accurately measure the wind speed, the present invention designs a multi-point measurement method. The measurement support 2 is used for fixing and supporting each dynamic pressure sensor 1 during multi-point measurement. Therefore, its material is generally steel bar material.

[0075] The measurement support 2 is a net structure formed by cross-connecting a plurality of horizontally installed rods 3 and vertically installed rods 4. Among them, the size of the net structure is adapted to the size of the air shaft cross-section, and the edge of the net structure is fixed on the air shaft wall.

[0076] Specifically, mounting blocks are welded at the ends of the horizontally installed rods 3 and the vertically installed rods 4. The mounting blocks are square blocks, and mounting holes are pre-set on the mounting blocks. Expansion bolt holes are provided at the positions corresponding to the mounting holes on the inner wall of the air shaft.

[0077] Each fixed point (i.e., the mounting block) of the network structure is fixed at the corresponding position on the inner wall of the air shaft through bolts. Since the measurement support 2 in this embodiment is a network structure, it will not affect the air flow in the air shaft.

[0078] The grid area 25 formed by cross-connecting the horizontally installed rods 3 and the vertically installed rods 4 is the wind speed perception area.

[0079] There are multiple groups of wind speed perception units, and each wind speed perception unit (the dynamic pressure sensor 1) is correspondingly installed at a grid area, and its acquisition end extends to the center position of the corresponding grid area and is used to measure the wind speed in the grid area.

[0080] Such as Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the number of dynamic pressure sensors 1 is, for example, 25, forming a 5×5 array arrangement, which is exactly used to measure the wind speeds at different positions of the same cross-section of the air shaft, facilitating the accurate measurement of the air volume in the air shaft.

[0081] The method of the present invention divides the entire cross-section of the mine air shaft into multiple small measurement cross-sections, and by measuring the dynamic pressure of each group of small cross-sections through the dynamic pressure sensors 1 respectively, the accurate air volume of the entire cross-section of the air shaft can be obtained.

[0082] As Figure 4 shown, each group of dynamic pressure sensors 1 includes two pitot tubes 5. The dynamic pressure sensor 1 uses the pitot tube 5 for measurement. The dynamic pressure can be calculated by calculating the forward force and lateral pressure of the measured fluid, which is used for the calculation of gas emissions.

[0083] Both of the two pitot tubes 5 are installed in a back-to-back downward manner, that is, the sampling ports of the pitot tubes face downward. The sampling port of one pitot tube 5 is arranged facing the wind direction, and the sampling port of the other pitot tube 5 is arranged against the wind direction.

[0084] The two pitot tubes 5 are respectively connected to a collection port of the dynamic pressure transmitter through an independent bundle tube. The two pitot tubes 5 respectively perform total pressure measurement and static pressure measurement, and are transmitted to the dynamic pressure transmitter through the bundle tube.

[0085] According to research and engineering experience, it can be considered that the fluid flow velocity is uniform within a smaller circular cross-section. Therefore, in this embodiment, 25 measurement points can be arranged to divide the entire cross-section of the air shaft into multiple small measurement cross-sections.

[0086] By measuring the dynamic pressure of multiple small cross-sections through multiple dynamic pressure sensors 1, the accurate air volume of the entire cross-section can be obtained.

[0087] When arranging the pitot tubes 5 of the dynamic pressure sensor, the pitot tube 5 generally has two sampling ports, and the two sampling holes are installed back-to-back. One pitot tube samples the pressure perpendicular to the flow direction, and one pitot tube samples the pressure facing the flow direction.

[0088] When measuring the pressure perpendicular to the flow direction, considering preventing the sensor from being blocked by dust and water in the air shaft for a long time at the sampling port of the pressure perpendicular to the flow direction, the pitot tube perpendicular to the flow direction is installed in a backwind downward manner.

[0089] This installation method can not only achieve the measurement of the vertical pressure but also prevent the sensor from being blocked by dust and drain water.

[0090] To install the dynamic pressure sensor 1, a dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit 6 is also configured. As Figure 2 shown, the dynamic pressure sensor 1 is installed on the measurement bracket 2 through the dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit 6, for example.

[0091] As Figure 4As shown in the figure, the dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit 6 includes an upper sensor fixing groove 7 and a lower pitot tube mounting plate 8. Among them, the upper sensor fixing groove 7 is installed on the transverse mounting rod 3 of the dynamic pressure sensor bracket and fastened.

[0092] The cross-section of the upper sensor fixing groove 7 is in a horizontally arranged U shape, and mounting holes are opened at corresponding positions on the top plate and the bottom plate of the U-shaped structure. The upper sensor fixing groove is inserted onto the transverse mounting rod 3 and fastened by bolts and nuts.

[0093] The lower pitot tube mounting plate 8 is connected to the bottom of the upper sensor fixing groove 7 and is vertically arranged; among them, the surface of the lower pitot tube mounting plate 8 is arranged along the direction consistent with the air flow in the mine air drift.

[0094] Both pitot tubes 5 of each group of dynamic pressure sensors are installed on the same surface of the lower pitot tube mounting plate 8. In this arrangement method, it can be ensured that after the dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit 6 is fixed, one sampling port faces the wind and one sampling port faces away from the wind.

[0095] The bundle tube connection ports of the two pitot tubes 5 are both located at the upper end, and the sides of the two pitot tubes 5 are welded together to form a structure similar to a "Y" shape, and are installed on the lower pitot tube mounting plate through one or more fixing parts 9 and fastened by bolts.

[0096] Among them, the fixing part 9 is in a "ji" character shape and can simultaneously fasten the two pitot tubes 5. This fixing method can ensure that the sampling ports of the two pitot tubes 3 are placed back to back and (approximately) collect data at the same point.

[0097] The dynamic pressure sensor fixing unit 6 cooperates with the measurement bracket 2 to realize the installation and fixation of the dynamic pressure sensor 1, measure the wind speed at the expected position in the air drift, and at the same time, this fixing unit can adjust the position of the dynamic pressure sensor, and adopt the downward installation method of the pitot tube.

[0098] The above installation method can prevent the influence of dust on the sensor measurement and can also perform self-drainage, avoiding the blockage of the dynamic pressure sensor 1, and at the same time saving the trouble of manual cleaning, ensuring the safety of cleaning construction and the personal safety of construction workers.

[0099] In addition, since the dynamic pressure transmitter 19 is located outside the air drift, therefore, the bundle tube connecting the pitot tube 5 and the dynamic pressure transmitter needs to pass through the air drift wall. Therefore, the present invention also designs a special bundle tube through-the-drift protection unit 10.

[0100] Among them, the bundle tube through-the-drift protection unit 10 is installed on the air drift wall, with one end connected to the outside of the air drift and one end connected to the inside of the air drift. The bundle tubes or cables led out from the acquisition ends of each sensing unit pass through the mine air drift through the bundle tube through-the-drift protection unit.

[0101] Such asFigure 5 As shown, the cluster tunneling protection unit 10 includes an input cover 11, an output cover 12 and a cluster tunneling pipe 13; wherein the input cover and the output cover are respectively connected to one end of the cluster tunneling pipe and are correspondingly located inside and outside the wind tunnel.

[0102] A cluster tunneling pipe perforation is provided on the wind tunnel wall, and the cluster tunneling pipe 13 passes through the wind tunnel wall via the cluster tunneling pipe perforation.

[0103] The cross-sectional dimensions of the input cover 11 and the output cover 12 are larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the bundled tunnel-through pipe 13; mesh plates 22 for the bundled tubes to pass through are installed at both ends of the interior of the bundled tunnel-through pipe 13. Figure 6 shown.

[0104] The bundle tubes or cables pass through the mesh holes 14 on the mesh plate. Each bundle tube or cable passes through one mesh hole.

[0105] The cluster tunnel protection unit 10 can ensure that the tunnel wall 15 does not leak air, and can also protect and comb the bundled tubes 16 to prevent them from being flattened during gluing or fixing, making them undetectable, and preventing them from being squeezed by multiple hoses together.

[0106] The temperature, humidity and pressure sensing unit includes a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 17 and a temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18; wherein, there are one or more groups of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors 17, and the temperature, humidity and pressure sensors are arranged at the temperature, humidity and pressure measurement points reserved in the mine air tunnel.

[0107] In this embodiment, there are five groups of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors 17, for example, and each group of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors 17 is arranged at a measuring point of the measuring bracket 2, without any special installation requirements, as long as they are separated.

[0108] Among them, the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 is located outside the mine wind tunnel, and the number of temperature, humidity and pressure sensors 17 corresponds to the number of temperature, humidity and pressure transmitters 18, and the two are connected by cables; each temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 is connected to the host computer respectively.

[0109] Since the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 17 is also located in the wind tunnel, the signal line led out of the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor 17 also needs to pass through the bundled tunnel protection unit 10 to pass through the wind tunnel and then be connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 .

[0110] In order to facilitate the management of the dynamic pressure transmitter 19, the temperature and humidity pressure transmitter 18, etc., the coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device in this embodiment also includes a distributed data transmission unit 20, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0111] The dynamic pressure transmitter 19 and the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 are both located in the distributed data transmission unit 20 .

[0112] The function of the distributed data transmission unit 20 is to be connected to the bundle tube passing through the bundle tunnel protection unit 10, and its main function is to transmit the information measured by the Pitot tube through dynamic pressure and collect data information such as temperature, humidity and pressure.

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown, the distributed data transmission unit 20 is generally arranged in six layers, and the layout can also be changed according to the number of transmitters. The top five layers correspond to 25 dynamic pressure transmitters 19, and every five dynamic pressure transmitters 19 form a layer. The last layer is the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18, and there are five temperature, humidity and pressure transmitters 18, for example, corresponding to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensors 17.

[0114] A bundled wire box 21 is provided in the distributed data transmission unit 20 , and the dynamic pressure measurement bundle tubes and cables led out from the bundled tunnel protection unit 10 are connected to this box and then distributed to each dynamic pressure transmitter 19 and temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 .

[0115] The dynamic pressure transmitter 19 is used to calculate the dynamic pressure. Each dynamic pressure transmitter 19 corresponds to a dynamic pressure sensor 1 at a fixed position, and the number of dynamic pressure sensors 1 is the same as the dynamic pressure measurement points. Generally, 25 points are used in the wind tunnel to measure the dynamic pressure.

[0116] Of course, it is also possible to use an optimized layout to reduce the number of sensors and achieve the best measurement effect at low cost.

[0117] Each dynamic pressure transmitter 19 is controlled by the host computer and adopts synchronous timing control technology to ensure synchronous collection of all points.

[0118] The temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter 18 is used to transmit the temperature, humidity and pressure information of the wind tunnel to the host computer. Figure 7 The middle mark 16 is a bundle tube connected to each dynamic pressure transmitter 1, 23 is a temperature, humidity and pressure signal line for data transmission, and 24 is a housing of a distributed data transmission unit.

[0119] In order to prevent the pressure data loss caused by long-distance bundle tube transmission, the distributed data transmission unit 20 in this embodiment is generally arranged near the outer side of the wind tunnel or the outer upper part of the wind tunnel, such as Figure 2 It is installed outside the upper part of the wind tunnel.

[0120] The gas concentration sensing units include three types of gas concentration sensing units: methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, and each gas concentration sensing unit is used to measure the concentration of one of methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide.

[0121] The structures of the three gas concentration sensing units are the same. Take the carbon monoxide gas concentration sensing unit as an example. Figure 8 As shown, it consists of a gas extraction sensing unit and a carbon monoxide gas concentration sensor.

[0122] The acquisition end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located inside the mine air drift, and the non-acquisition end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located outside the mine air drift and is connected to the gas concentration sensor, and the gas concentration sensor is connected to the upper computer.

[0123] Specifically, the gas extraction sensing unit includes a bundle tube, a suction pump, a filtering unit, and a cold drying and water removal unit.

[0124] One end of the bundle tube (i.e., the acquisition end) in the gas extraction sensing unit is arranged at the gas concentration measurement point reserved inside the mine air drift; the suction pump, the filtering unit, the cold drying and water removal unit, and the gas concentration sensor are all located outside the mine air drift.

[0125] After the bundle tube in the gas extraction sensing unit is led out from the mine air drift, it is successively connected to the filtering unit, the suction pump, the cold drying and water removal unit, and the carbon monoxide gas concentration sensor; among them, the carbon monoxide gas concentration sensor is connected to the upper computer.

[0126] The number of gas extraction sensing units is related to the measurement points and can also be set according to the measurement accuracy requirements. If the best accurate measurement effect is to be obtained, the same number of bundle tubes as that of the dynamic pressure sensor 1 can be arranged.

[0127] Each bundle tube and each dynamic pressure sensor 1 are installed at the same position, and are uniformly extracted by the gas extraction unit. After extraction, they enter the filtering unit for dust reduction, then pass through the cold drying and water removal unit for water removal, and finally are sent to the gas concentration sensor to collect the gas concentration.

[0128] Of course, a single air drift can also use a single measurement point to extract gas by a single bundle tube for gas concentration sensing. The bundle tube of the gas concentration sensing unit passes through the air through the cluster tunneling protection unit 10, as long as it is not on the air drift wall.

[0129] The structures of the methane and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing units are the same as that of the above carbon monoxide gas concentration sensing unit, and the difference is that they respectively use methane and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensors, which will not be elaborated here.

[0130] After obtaining the concentrations of various (methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) gases, multiplying them by the total air drift flow respectively can obtain the accurate concentration of each discharged gas. This method is conducive to realizing the accurate measurement of coal mine carbon gas emissions.

[0131] Embodiment 2

[0132] This Embodiment 2 describes a method for accurately sensing coal mine carbon emissions, and this method for accurately sensing coal mine carbon emissions is realized based on the device for accurately sensing coal mine carbon emissions mentioned in the above Embodiment 1.

[0133] To achieve precise sensing of coal mine carbon emission gases such as methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, it is necessary to first achieve precise sensing and calculation of the air volume in the air shaft, that is, obtain the total flow rate of the air shaft. The calculation process is as follows:

[0134] Let the vertical flow pressure of the air at the measurement point i be P ic , and the facing pressure be P iy , then the dynamic pressure P id The calculation method is:

[0135] P id = P iy - P ic (6)

[0136] Where i is the number of the i-th dynamic pressure sensor measurement point, i = 1, 2, 3... n, and n is the total number of dynamic pressure measurement sensors.

[0137] Then the uniform wind speed at the small cross-section of the measurement point is:

[0138]

[0139] Where ρ k is the air density at the measurement point. It is related to the temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure of the air in the air shaft and is obtained according to the ideal gas equation. It can be measured by the temperature, humidity, and air pressure sensors of the device and then calculated:

[0140]

[0141] Among them, P is the measured air pressure, P vs is the saturated water vapor partial pressure, which can be obtained by the Antoine equation or empirical formula, p d is the dry air partial pressure, S′ is the measured relative humidity, M d is the molar mass of dry air, generally taken as 28.97 g / mol, M v is the molar mass of water vapor, generally taken as 18.02 g / mol, R is the universal gas constant, generally taken as 8.314 J / (mol*K), and T is the measured air thermodynamic temperature. P vs The empirical fitting formula for calculation is:

[0142]

[0143] Then the overall flow rate of the air shaft can be calculated by the following formula:

[0144]

[0145] Where Qz is the total flow rate of the air shaft, and S is the total cross-sectional area of the air shaft at the measurement point.

[0146] After obtaining the total air volume in the air duct, the emissions of different gases are further calculated based on the concentrations of various gases. When there is one or more gas concentration sensing units, the calculations are performed according to Method 1 and Method 2 below respectively.

[0147] Method 1:

[0148] The emissions of methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide can be calculated using the total air volume in the air duct:

[0149] For example, the methane emission Q CH :

[0150] Q CH = Q z * C CH (11)

[0151] where C CH is the average concentration of methane gas measured by the methane laser gas concentration sensor.

[0152] The carbon monoxide emission Q CO :

[0153] Q CO = Q z * C CO (12)

[0154] where C CO is the average concentration of carbon monoxide gas measured by the carbon monoxide laser gas concentration sensor.

[0155] The carbon dioxide emission Q CO2 :

[0156] Q CO2 = Q z * C CO2 (13)

[0157] where C CO2 is the average concentration of carbon dioxide gas measured by the carbon dioxide laser gas concentration sensor.

[0158] Method 2:

[0159] If it is necessary to measure the carbon gas emissions more accurately, multiple bundle tubes can be used to extract gas according to the gas concentration sensing unit, and each bundle tube is fixed at the position of a dynamic pressure sensor 1. Then the calculation method is:

[0160] For example, the accurate methane emission Q CH :

[0161]

[0162] where Q i is the air volume of the small cross-section at the i-th measurement point, vi The small cross-section wind speed at the i-th measurement point, S i The small cross-section area at the i-th measurement point, C iCH is the average methane gas concentration measured by the laser gas concentration sensor for the gas extracted by the beam tube at the i-th measurement point.

[0163] Similarly, the emissions Q of carbon monoxide and can be obtained CO and Q CO2 .

[0164] Through the above method, the accurate measurement of the emissions of various carbon gases (methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) in coal mines is achieved.

[0165] The method for accurately perceiving coal mine carbon emissions in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0166] Step 1. The upper computer controls gas extraction. The extracted gas is filtered and cooled and dried and sent to the corresponding gas concentration sensors. The gas concentrations measured by each gas concentration sensor are uploaded to the upper computer (central processing module).

[0167] Step 2. Each dynamic pressure sensor and temperature, humidity and pressure sensor synchronously sense information and send it to the upper computer.

[0168] Step 3. The upper computer first calculates the dynamic pressure P based on the dynamic pressure information measured by the dynamic pressure sensor id , and calculates the air density ρ based on the temperature, humidity and pressure information measured by the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor k , and further calculates the wind speed v at each measurement point based on the dynamic pressure and air density i .

[0169] Step 4. Calculate the overall flow rate of the air shaft based on the wind speed at each measurement point, use the overall flow rate of the air shaft as one of the system display parameters, and calculate and display the carbon gas emissions in combination with the gas concentration.

[0170] In the calculation formulas used in the steps of this method, the corresponding calculation formulas listed above are adopted.

[0171] Compared with the traditional measurement method that is not accurate for the actual near-surface coal mine carbon emission monitoring, the present invention realizes the purpose of accurately measuring the coal mine carbon gas emissions by accurately monitoring the gas discharged from the air shaft of the main ventilator in the coal mine.

[0172] Of course, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to listing the above embodiments. It should be noted that all equivalent substitutions and obvious deformation forms made by any person skilled in the art under the teaching of this specification fall within the scope of the essence of this specification and should be protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device, characterized in that: Including host computer and perception unit; The sensing unit includes a wind speed sensing unit, a gas concentration sensing unit and a temperature, humidity and pressure sensing unit; each sensing unit is used to detect the exhaust wind speed, gas concentration and temperature, humidity and pressure information in the mine wind tunnel and upload them to the host computer; The wind speed sensing unit includes a dynamic pressure sensor and a dynamic pressure transmitter; There are multiple groups of dynamic pressure sensors, each group of which is arranged at a dynamic pressure measurement point reserved in the mine wind tunnel and connected to the dynamic pressure transmitter through a bundle tube; the dynamic pressure transmitter is located outside the mine wind tunnel and connected to the host computer; The temperature, humidity and pressure sensing unit includes a temperature, humidity and pressure sensor and a temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter; The temperature, humidity and pressure sensor is arranged at the temperature, humidity and pressure measurement point reserved in the mine wind tunnel; the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter is located outside the mine wind tunnel and is connected to the temperature, humidity and pressure sensor; the temperature, humidity and pressure transmitter is also connected to the host computer; The gas concentration sensing units include methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide gas concentration sensing units; the three gas concentration sensing units are all composed of a separate gas extraction sensing unit and a corresponding gas concentration sensor; The collection end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located in the mine wind tunnel, and the non-collection end of the gas extraction sensing unit is located outside the mine wind tunnel and is connected to the gas concentration sensor, which is connected to the host computer.

2. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device also includes a cluster tunnel protection unit; wherein the cluster tunnel protection unit is installed on the wind tunnel wall, one end of which is connected to the outside of the wind tunnel and the other end is connected to the inside of the wind tunnel; The bundled tubes or cables led out from the collection end of each sensing unit pass through the mine ventilation tunnel via the bundled tunnel protection unit.

3. The coal mine wind tunnel dynamic pressure sensing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cluster tunnel protection unit includes an input cover, an output cover and a cluster tunnel pipe; wherein the input cover and the output cover are respectively connected to one end of the cluster tunnel pipe and are correspondingly located inside and outside the wind tunnel, and the cluster tunnel pipe penetrates the wind tunnel wall; The cross-sectional dimensions of the input cover and the output cover are both larger than the cross-sectional dimensions of the bundle tunneling pipe; mesh plates for the bundle tubes to pass through are installed at both ends of the inside of the bundle tunneling pipe, wherein the bundle tubes or cables pass through the holes on the mesh plates.

4. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The coal mine carbon emission precise sensing device also includes a measuring bracket; wherein the measuring bracket is vertically installed at a certain air tunnel cross section in the mine air tunnel, and the collection end of each sensing unit is installed on the measuring bracket.

5. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The measuring bracket is a mesh structure formed by cross-connecting a number of transverse mounting rods and longitudinal mounting rods, wherein the size of the mesh structure is adapted to the size of the cross section of the wind tunnel, and the edge of the mesh structure is fixed on the wind tunnel wall.

6. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The square area formed by the cross-connection of the horizontal mounting rods and the longitudinal mounting rods is the wind speed sensing area; There are multiple groups of wind speed sensing units, and the collection end of each wind speed sensing unit is installed at a corresponding grid area, and its collection end extends to the center position of the corresponding grid area to measure the wind speed in the grid area.

7. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Each group of dynamic pressure sensors includes two pitot tubes, which are installed back-to-back downward, that is, the sampling ports of the pitot tubes face downward, the sampling port of one pitot tube is arranged in the windward direction, and the sampling port of the other pitot tube is arranged in the leeward direction; The two Pitot tubes are respectively connected to a collection port of the dynamic pressure transmitter through an independent bundle tube.

8. The coal mine carbon emission accurate sensing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas extraction sensing unit comprises a bundle tube, an extraction pump, a filtering unit and a cold-drying water removal unit; The bundle pipe in the gas extraction sensing unit is arranged at the gas concentration measurement point reserved in the mine wind tunnel; the extraction pump, filter unit, cold dry water removal unit and gas concentration sensor are all located outside the mine wind tunnel; After the bundle pipe in the gas extraction sensing unit is led out from the mine wind tunnel, it is connected to the filtration unit, extraction pump, cold dry dehydration unit and corresponding gas concentration sensor in sequence; among them, each gas concentration sensor is connected to the host computer.

9. A method for accurately sensing carbon emissions from coal mines, based on the accurate sensing device for carbon emissions from coal mines according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The coal mine carbon emission accurate perception method comprises the following steps: Step 1. The host computer controls gas extraction, and the extracted gas is filtered, cold-dried and sent to the corresponding gas concentration sensor. The gas concentration measured by each gas concentration sensor is uploaded to the host computer; Step 2. Each dynamic pressure sensor and temperature and humidity pressure sensor synchronously senses information and sends it to the host computer; Step 3. The host computer first calculates the dynamic pressure according to the dynamic pressure information measured by the dynamic pressure sensor, and calculates the air density according to the temperature and humidity pressure information measured by the temperature and humidity pressure sensor, and further calculates the wind speed at each measuring point according to the dynamic pressure and air density; Step 4. Calculate the overall flow rate of the wind tunnel based on the wind speed at each measuring point, and calculate the carbon gas emissions in combination with the gas concentration.

10. The method for accurately sensing carbon emissions from coal mines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step 3 is specifically as follows: Assume the vertical flow pressure of the wind at measuring point i is P ic , the head pressure is P iy , then the dynamic pressure P id The calculation method is: P id =P iy -P ic (1) Where i is the measurement point number of the i-th dynamic pressure sensor, i=1, 2, 3...n, and n is the total number of dynamic pressure measurement sensors; Then the uniform wind speed of the small cross section at the measuring point is: where ρ k The air density at the measuring point is calculated as follows: Where, P is the measured air pressure, P vs is the saturated water vapor partial pressure, p d is the dry air partial pressure, S′ is the measured relative humidity, M d is the molar mass of dry air, M v The molar mass of water vapor, R is the universal gas constant, and T is the measured thermodynamic temperature of air; P vs The calculation formula for empirical fitting is: The overall flow rate of the wind tunnel is calculated by the following formula: Where Qz is the total flow rate of the wind tunnel, and S is the total cross-sectional area of ​​the wind tunnel at the measuring point.

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