Horizontal component azimuth correction method, device and equipment of ocean bottom seismometer and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a horizontal component azimuth correction method, device, equipment and medium of a submarine seismograph. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring target direct water wave signals corresponding to a plurality of target shot point positions on a target survey line; for each target shot point position, determining a target direct water wave total energy corresponding to the target direct water wave signal; determining a plurality of candidate horizontal component azimuths within a preset azimuth range; determining a target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to each target direct water wave total energy from the plurality of candidate horizontal component azimuths; determining a target rotation angle according to a target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to the plurality of target shot point positions; and correcting an initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth. The present scheme uses the direct water wave signals on the OBS horizontal component azimuth to determine the direct water wave maximum energy azimuth to realize efficient and accurate correction of the horizontal component azimuth, thereby enhancing the stability and practicality of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for horizontal component azimuth correction of a seafloor seismograph. Background Technology

[0002] With increasing global attention on the study of deep ocean structures, ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) have become a key tool for revealing marine geological tectonic activity. OBS is a multi-component seismic observation system that deploys detectors on the seabed and automatically retrieves them using acoustic signals, showing broad application prospects in marine geophysical exploration and research.

[0003] However, due to the unavoidable rotation during deployment and the influence of ocean currents, the directionality of the detectors in the OBS will inevitably change. The directionality of the horizontal component of the OBS is of great significance for studies such as natural earthquakes; in particular, the rotation of the horizontal component is fundamental for seismic receiver functions and converted shear waves. Therefore, in order to improve the basic instrument parameters of the OBS and for subsequent seismological research, the horizontal component direction of the OBS must be corrected.

[0004] In related technologies, the maximum eigenvector value of the converted shear wave is solved using a cross-energy matrix to determine the polarization direction for rotation. However, due to the significant uncertainties in converted shear wave detection—such as the inability to detect the converted shear wave or the poor quality of the detected converted shear wave—the accuracy and efficiency of OBS horizontal component direction correction are difficult to guarantee, and its stability and practicality are limited. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for horizontal component azimuth correction of a seabed seismograph. It utilizes the direct water wave signal recorded on the horizontal component azimuth of the OBS to determine the azimuth of the maximum energy of the direct water wave, thereby achieving efficient and accurate correction of the horizontal component azimuth, while enhancing the stability and practicality of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for azimuth correction of the horizontal component of a seafloor seismograph is provided, the method comprising:

[0007] Acquire the direct water wave signals of the target corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line; wherein, the direct water wave signal of the target refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth, the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth that are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line;

[0008] For each of the target shot locations, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined; wherein, the total energy of the target direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth.

[0009] Multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths are determined within a preset azimuth range, and the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target is determined from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths; wherein, the target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the largest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, and the target azimuth is the first azimuth or the second azimuth;

[0010] A rotation angle is determined as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the multiple target gun point positions. The initial horizontal component azimuth is then corrected based on the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a horizontal component azimuth correction device for a seafloor seismograph is provided, the device comprising:

[0012] The target direct water wave signal acquisition module is used to acquire the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line; wherein, the target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth, the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth that are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line;

[0013] The target direct water wave total energy determination module is used to determine the target direct water wave total energy corresponding to the target direct water wave signal for each of the target shot points; wherein, the target direct water wave total energy refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth;

[0014] The target horizontal component orientation determination module is used to determine multiple candidate horizontal component orientations within a preset orientation range, and to determine the target horizontal component orientation corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target from the multiple candidate horizontal component orientations; wherein, the target horizontal component orientation refers to the horizontal component orientation with the largest direct water wave energy at the target orientation, and the target orientation is the first orientation or the second orientation;

[0015] The horizontal component azimuth correction module is used to determine a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the multiple target shot positions, and to correct the initial horizontal component azimuth based on the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth.

[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, the electronic device comprising:

[0017] At least one processor; and,

[0018] A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein,

[0019] The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, which enables the at least one processor to perform the horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seafloor seismograph according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] According to another aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, the computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to execute and implement the horizontal component azimuth correction method of the seafloor seismograph according to any embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] The technical solution of this invention first acquires the target direct water wave signals corresponding to multiple target shot points on the target survey line. The target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth. The horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line. Then, for each target shot point, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined. The total energy of the target direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth. Next, multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths are determined within a preset azimuth range, and the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to each target direct water wave total energy is determined from these candidate azimuths. The target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, which is either the first azimuth or the second azimuth. Finally, a rotation angle is determined based on the target azimuth among the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to the multiple target shot point positions as the target rotation angle. The initial horizontal component azimuth is corrected based on the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth. This technical solution utilizes the direct water wave signal recorded on the horizontal component azimuth of the OBS to determine the azimuth of the maximum energy of the direct water wave, thereby achieving efficient and accurate correction of the horizontal component azimuth, while enhancing the stability and practicality of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0022] It should be understood that the description in this section is not intended to identify key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seabed seismograph according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2A This is a top view of the OBS location and the earthquake source location provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a target-direct water wave signal provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3A This is a single-gun energy search result diagram provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of a target fitting curve provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seabed seismograph according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a horizontal component profile before and after correction according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a horizontal component azimuth correction device for a seabed seismograph according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device that implements a horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seabed seismograph according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," "target," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a method for correcting the azimuth of the horizontal component of a seafloor seismograph according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. This embodiment is applicable to situations requiring efficient and accurate correction of the azimuth of the horizontal component of an OBS (Optical Seabed Seismograph). This method can be executed by a horizontal component azimuth correction device for the seafloor seismograph, which can be implemented in hardware and / or software. This device can be configured in an electronic device with data processing capabilities. Figure 1 As shown, the method includes:

[0037] S110: Acquire the direct water wave signals of multiple target gun points on the target survey line.

[0038] In this context, a target survey line can refer to a set of shot points set in a specific direction within an exploration area to collect seismic wave data. That is, multiple shot points are set on the target survey line, and the target survey line is a straight line. The location of the target shot point can refer to the location of artificially generated seismic waves and can be used to characterize the location of the seismic source.

[0039] The target direct-arrival water wave signal refers to the direct-arrival water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at its initial horizontal component azimuth. The horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other. It should be noted that the seafloor seismograph (OBS) can be used to record multi-component seismic wave signals, including vertical and horizontal components. Specifically, the vertical component refers to the component perpendicular to the seabed surface and can be used to record the P-wave field; the horizontal component refers to the component parallel to the seabed surface, including two mutually perpendicular components, and can be used to record the horizontal propagation characteristics of S-waves and P-waves. The horizontal component azimuth can be used to characterize the location of the horizontal component, including a first azimuth and a second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other. For example, the first azimuth and the second azimuth can be the east and north directions in geographic orientation, respectively. The initial horizontal component azimuth can refer to the OBS horizontal component azimuth before correction. The direct-arrival water wave phase can refer to the attenuated seismic wave signal that arrives at the OBS detector along the shortest propagation path from the original seismic wave signal emitted from the target shot location. The target direct water wave signal is the direct water wave phase received by the OBS detector in the initial horizontal component azimuth, specifically including the direct water wave phase in the first azimuth and the direct water wave phase in the second azimuth.

[0040] Figure 2A This is a top view diagram illustrating the location of the OBS and the location of the seismic source, provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2A As shown, the black dashed line represents the target survey line, the red marker indicates the OBS location, the yellow marker indicates the target shot point location (i.e., the seismic source location), and the blue line represents the shortest path for signal transmission. Specifically, the exploration vessel can be positioned along the target survey line and, during its journey, fires at multiple locations using air guns at equal intervals or times, thereby emitting corresponding seismic wave signals. When the air guns fire, the ship's GPS records the precise location information of the air guns; the firing location is the corresponding shot point location, thus allowing the determination of multiple target shot point locations along the target survey line. Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of a target-direct water wave signal provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2B As shown, SHE and SHN represent the first and second azimuths in the initial horizontal component azimuth, respectively.

[0041] In this embodiment, multiple shot points within a preset range of the OBS can be selected as target shot points, or a preset number of shot points near the OBS can be selected as target shot points. For example, the preset range can be a circular area within 5 km of the OBS. The location of the target shot point and the firing time can be precisely obtained. The OBS can calculate the signal reception time of the detector receiving the direct water wave phase based on the firing time of the target shot point and the seawater depth, thus pinpointing the location of the target shot point from which the received signal originates.

[0042] S120: For each target gun point location, determine the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal.

[0043] The total energy of the target direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth. It can be understood that since the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other, the target direct water wave signal includes the direct water wave phases at the first azimuth and the second azimuth. Therefore, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal in the entire horizontal direction can be determined based on the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the first and second azimuths, and is thus taken as the total energy of the target direct water wave.

[0044] In this embodiment, optionally, for each target gun point location, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined, including: for each target gun point location, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the first azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the first direct water wave energy; for each target gun point location, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the second azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the second direct water wave energy; and the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined based on the sum of the squares of the first direct water wave energy and the second direct water wave energy.

[0045] Specifically, based on the relationship between signal amplitude and signal energy, the corresponding signal energy can be obtained by integrating the signal amplitude over time. In this embodiment, for each target shot location, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal at the first and second azimuths in the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the first direct water wave energy and the second direct water wave energy. Then, the sum of the squares of the first and second direct water wave energies is calculated as the total target direct water wave energy corresponding to the target direct water wave signal.

[0046] This scheme, through this setting, utilizes the relationship between signal amplitude and signal energy to quickly and accurately determine the total energy of the direct water wave signal corresponding to the target at each target gun point location.

[0047] S130, determine multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths within a preset azimuth range, and determine the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total energy of the direct water wave of each target from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths.

[0048] The preset azimuth range refers to a pre-defined azimuth search range based on actual needs, which can be used to characterize the angular deviation range between the candidate horizontal component azimuth and the initial horizontal component azimuth. For example, the preset azimuth range can be set to 0-180 degrees or 0-360 degrees. The candidate horizontal component azimuth can be the horizontal component azimuth obtained by rotating it by a certain angle from the initial horizontal component azimuth. The target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, which can be either the first azimuth or the second azimuth. It can be understood that the target horizontal component azimuth can be either the first azimuth or the second azimuth. It should be noted that the sum of the direct water wave energy in the first and second directions of different candidate horizontal component directions is constant, which is the total direct water wave energy of the target. Therefore, if the total direct water wave energy of the target is decomposed into different candidate horizontal component directions, according to the Pythagorean theorem, when the direct water wave energy in one direction of the candidate horizontal component directions increases, the direct water wave energy in the other orthogonal direction will necessarily decrease.

[0049] In this embodiment, optionally, determining multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths within a preset azimuth range includes: determining multiple candidate rotation angles within a preset azimuth range based on a preset azimuth interval; and rotating the initial horizontal component azimuth according to each candidate rotation angle to obtain multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths.

[0050] The preset azimuth interval can refer to the azimuth search interval pre-set according to actual needs. For example, the preset azimuth interval can be set to 0.5 degrees, 1 degree, or 2 degrees, depending on the required accuracy of the azimuth search. The candidate rotation angle can be used to characterize the rotation angle of the initial horizontal component azimuth determined based on the preset azimuth interval within the preset azimuth range. The candidate horizontal component azimuth can refer to the horizontal component azimuth obtained by rotating the initial horizontal component azimuth by the candidate rotation angle.

[0051] For example, assuming the preset azimuth range is 0-360 degrees and the preset azimuth interval is 1 degree, the candidate rotation angle can be determined to be 1-360 degrees, and the candidate horizontal component azimuth is the horizontal component azimuth obtained by rotating the initial horizontal component azimuth by 1-360 degrees respectively.

[0052] In this embodiment, after determining multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths, the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target can be determined from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths. Optionally, determining the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths includes: for each target shot location, decomposing the total direct water wave energy of the target into a first azimuth and a second azimuth of each candidate horizontal component azimuth; and taking the candidate horizontal component azimuth with the largest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth as the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of the target.

[0053] Specifically, after determining multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths, the total direct water wave energy corresponding to each target shot point can be decomposed into the first and second azimuths of each candidate horizontal component azimuth. The candidate horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth (i.e., the first or second azimuth) is then selected as the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy. It can be understood that, for multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths, the direct water wave energy is highest at the first or second azimuth of the target horizontal component azimuth.

[0054] Figure 3A This is a single-gun energy search result diagram provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. For example... Figure 3A As shown, SHR and SHT represent the first and second azimuths in the candidate horizontal component azimuth, respectively. That is, SHR and SHT correspond to SHE and SHN, respectively. The horizontal and vertical axes represent the candidate rotation angle and the direct water wave energy, respectively. The preset azimuth range is 0-360 degrees. Figure 3A The display shows the energy search results corresponding to the target firing point location with cannon number 2420. The cannon number serves as a unique identifier for the firing point location. According to... Figure 3A As can be seen, taking SHR as an example, the direct water wave energy is the largest at 20 degrees. Therefore, the candidate horizontal component azimuth at 20 degrees can be used as the target horizontal component azimuth at the target gun point position 2420.

[0055] This scheme, through such a setup, decomposes the total direct water wave energy corresponding to each target shot point location into the azimuth of each candidate horizontal component. Based on the decomposition results, the azimuth of the target horizontal component corresponding to the total direct water wave energy at each target shot point location can be quickly and accurately determined.

[0056] S140, determine a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to multiple target gun point positions, and correct the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth.

[0057] The target rotation angle can refer to the actual angle that the initial horizontal component azimuth needs to rotate. In this embodiment, after determining multiple target horizontal component azimuths, a rotation angle can be determined as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuths in the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to multiple target shot positions. Optionally, determining a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuths in the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to multiple target shot positions includes: determining a target fitting curve based on the target azimuths in the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to each target shot position; determining a target curve boundary value based on the changing trend of the target fitting curve; and determining the target curve boundary value as the target rotation angle.

[0058] Specifically, firstly, a smooth curve is used to connect the target azimuth in the horizontal component of the target azimuth corresponding to each target shot position to obtain the target fitting curve. Then, the boundary value of the target fitting curve is determined as the target curve boundary value based on the changing trend of the target fitting curve, and the target curve boundary value is determined as the target rotation angle. Figure 3B This is a schematic diagram of a target fitting curve provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 3B As shown, the horizontal and vertical axes represent the rotation angles corresponding to the target's azimuth in the horizontal component of the target's azimuth, respectively, and the blue curve represents the target's fitted curve. From Figure 3B As can be seen, the target curve boundary value is 75 degrees, marked by the red line. At this point, the target rotation angle can be determined to be 75 degrees.

[0059] Accordingly, the initial horizontal component azimuth is corrected according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, including: rotating the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, so that the target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line.

[0060] In this embodiment, after determining the target curve boundary value as the target rotation angle, the initial horizontal component azimuth can be rotated by the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, so that the target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line. At this time, the OBS horizontal component azimuth correction task can be completed.

[0061] It should be noted that when the seismic wave signal emitted from the target shot point follows the shortest path (see...) Figure 2AWhen the blue line in the image transmits signal, the direct water wave energy at the target azimuth is the highest in the corresponding horizontal component azimuth. This horizontal component azimuth is the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the target shot point position. For shot points on the target survey line that are infinitely far from the OBS (i.e., infinitely far from both ends of the target survey line), the angle between the target survey line and the shortest path for signal transmission is almost 0 degrees. In this case, the direction of the target survey line and the direction of the shortest path for signal transmission can be considered parallel. Based on the changing trend of the target fitting curve, the target curve threshold (i.e., the target rotation angle) is the angle by which the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the shot point position infinitely far from both ends of the target survey line needs to be rotated. In other words, for shot point positions infinitely far from both ends of the target survey line, rotating the initial horizontal component azimuth by the target rotation angle yields the reference horizontal component azimuth. The target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is the direction of the shortest path for signal transmission at that shot point. Since the direction of the shortest path for signal transmission at this shot point is parallel to the direction of the target survey line, the target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line.

[0062] This scheme, through such a setting, can determine the target rotation angle corresponding to the shot points infinitely far at both ends of the target survey line by utilizing the changing trend of the target fitting curve. Based on the target rotation angle, the initial horizontal component azimuth is rotated so that the target azimuth corresponding to the rotated reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line, thereby achieving rapid and accurate correction of the OBS horizontal component azimuth.

[0063] The technical solution of this invention first acquires the target direct water wave signals corresponding to multiple target shot points on the target survey line. The target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth. The horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line. Then, for each target shot point, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined. The total energy of the target direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth. Next, multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths are determined within a preset azimuth range, and the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to each target direct water wave total energy is determined from these candidate azimuths. The target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, which is either the first azimuth or the second azimuth. Finally, a rotation angle is determined based on the target azimuth among the target horizontal component azimuths corresponding to the multiple target shot point positions as the target rotation angle. The initial horizontal component azimuth is corrected based on the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth. This technical solution utilizes the direct water wave signal recorded on the horizontal component azimuth of the OBS to determine the azimuth of the maximum energy of the direct water wave, thereby achieving efficient and accurate correction of the horizontal component azimuth, while enhancing the stability and practicality of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of a horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seafloor seismograph according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. This embodiment is based on the above embodiment and optimized. Specifically, the optimization is as follows: after acquiring the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line, the method further includes: determining the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the target direct water wave signal; if the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than a preset threshold, the corresponding target direct water wave signal is discarded.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown, the method in this embodiment specifically includes the following steps:

[0067] S210: Acquire the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target gun points on the target survey line, and determine the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the target direct water wave signals.

[0068] Among them, the target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seabed seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth. The horizontal component azimuth includes the first azimuth and the second azimuth, which are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line.

[0069] It should be noted that if the seismic wave signal emitted by the air gun is interfered with by other signals (such as noise) during transmission, the target direct water wave signal received by the OBS detector may become disordered, thus affecting the accuracy of the OBS horizontal component azimuth correction. Therefore, after acquiring the target direct water wave signals corresponding to multiple target shot points along the target survey line, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target direct water wave signal can be calculated. The SNR reflects the degree of interference to the target direct water wave signal. Understandably, a lower SNR indicates more severe signal interference.

[0070] S220, if the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the preset threshold, the corresponding target direct water wave signal will be removed.

[0071] The preset threshold can refer to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) reference value set according to actual needs. For example, the preset threshold can be set to 10. In this embodiment, if the SNR corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined to be lower than the preset threshold, it indicates that the target direct water wave signal is severely interfered with. In order to ensure the accuracy and availability of the target direct water wave signal, the target direct water wave signal with an SNR lower than the preset threshold can be removed.

[0072] S230, for each target gun point location, determines the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal.

[0073] Among them, the total energy of the direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth.

[0074] S240, determine multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths within a preset azimuth range, and determine the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total energy of the direct water wave of each target from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths.

[0075] Among them, the target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the greatest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, which is either the first azimuth or the second azimuth.

[0076] S250 determines a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to multiple target gun point positions, and corrects the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth.

[0077] The specific implementation of S230-S250 can be referred to the relevant description in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0078] The technical solution of this invention, after acquiring the target direct water wave signals corresponding to multiple target shot points on the target survey line, determines the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the target direct water wave signals; if the SNR is lower than a preset threshold, the corresponding target direct water wave signals are discarded, thereby ensuring the accuracy and availability of the target direct water wave signals and helping to improve the accuracy of horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0079] In this embodiment, optionally, after correcting the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, the method further includes: determining the target feature parameters of the initial horizontal component azimuth and the reference horizontal component azimuth; and performing quality control verification on the reference horizontal component azimuth based on the changes in the target feature parameters.

[0080] Among these, the target characteristic parameters can serve as an important basis for quality control verification of the horizontal component azimuth correction results. For example, the target characteristic parameters can be direct water wave energy or converted shear wave intensity, etc.

[0081] In this embodiment, a quality control verification step is set up to verify the effectiveness of the horizontal component azimuth correction. The effectiveness of the horizontal component azimuth correction result is verified using the target characteristic parameters of the horizontal component azimuth before and after correction. Specifically, after correcting the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, the target characteristic parameters of the initial and reference horizontal component azimuths are determined respectively. Then, the reference horizontal component azimuth is verified based on the changes in the target characteristic parameters, thereby determining whether the horizontal component azimuth correction is effective. For example, other shot points on the target survey line besides the target shot point can be used to verify the reference horizontal component azimuth by comparing the changes in direct water wave energy on the horizontal component azimuth before and after correction. If, compared to the initial horizontal component azimuth, the total direct water wave energy corresponding to this shot point is concentrated in a certain azimuth of the reference horizontal component azimuth, it indicates that the horizontal component azimuth correction effect is good. Furthermore, any shot point on the target survey line can also be used to verify the reference horizontal component azimuth by comparing the changes in the converted shear wave intensity corresponding to the horizontal component azimuth before and after correction. If the converted shear wave intensity corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth increases compared to the initial horizontal component azimuth, it indicates that the horizontal component azimuth correction is effective.

[0082] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the horizontal components before and after correction, provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. The left side shows the horizontal component cross-section before correction, and the right side shows the horizontal component cross-section after correction. The horizontal and vertical axes represent the offset distance and time, respectively. Figure 5 As shown, the converted shear wave phase can be clearly seen from the corrected horizontal component (OBS-SHR) profile, which proves the effectiveness of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0083] This scheme, through this setup, can utilize the changes in target characteristic parameters before and after horizontal component azimuth correction to perform quality control verification of the reference horizontal component azimuth, thereby verifying the effectiveness of the horizontal component azimuth correction.

[0084] Example 3

[0085] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal component azimuth correction device for a seafloor seismograph according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. This device can execute the horizontal component azimuth correction method for seafloor seismographs provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and possesses the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects for executing the method. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the device includes:

[0086] The target direct water wave signal acquisition module 310 is used to acquire the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line; wherein, the target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth, the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth that are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line;

[0087] The target direct water wave total energy determination module 320 is used to determine the target direct water wave total energy corresponding to the target direct water wave signal for each of the target shot points; wherein, the target direct water wave total energy refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth;

[0088] The target horizontal component orientation determination module 330 is used to determine multiple candidate horizontal component orientations within a preset orientation range, and to determine the target horizontal component orientation corresponding to each target direct water wave total energy from the multiple candidate horizontal component orientations; wherein, the target horizontal component orientation refers to the horizontal component orientation with the largest direct water wave energy at the target orientation, and the target orientation is the first orientation or the second orientation;

[0089] The horizontal component azimuth correction module 340 is used to determine a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the multiple target gun point positions, and to correct the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth.

[0090] Optionally, the target-direct-total-water-wave-energy-determination module 320 is specifically used for:

[0091] For each of the target gun positions, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the first azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the first direct water wave energy.

[0092] For each of the target gun positions, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the second azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the second direct water wave energy;

[0093] The total energy of the target direct water wave corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined based on the sum of the squares of the first direct water wave energy and the second direct water wave energy.

[0094] Optionally, the target horizontal component orientation determination module 330 is used for:

[0095] Multiple candidate rotation angles are determined within the preset azimuth range based on preset azimuth intervals;

[0096] The initial horizontal component orientation is rotated according to each of the candidate rotation angles to obtain multiple candidate horizontal component orientations.

[0097] Optionally, the target horizontal component orientation determination module 330 is further configured to:

[0098] For each of the target gun positions, the total energy of the direct water wave from the target is decomposed into the first and second azimuths of each candidate horizontal component.

[0099] The candidate horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth is taken as the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy at the target.

[0100] Optionally, the horizontal component orientation correction module 340 is used for:

[0101] The target fitting curve is determined based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to each target shot point position;

[0102] The target curve boundary value is determined based on the changing trend of the target fitted curve, and the target curve boundary value is determined as the target rotation angle;

[0103] The initial horizontal component azimuth is rotated according to the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth, so that the target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line.

[0104] Optionally, the device further includes: a data processing module, used for:

[0105] After acquiring the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line, the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the target direct water wave signals is determined;

[0106] If the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than a preset threshold, the corresponding target direct water wave signal will be removed.

[0107] Optionally, the device further includes: a quality control verification module, used for:

[0108] After correcting the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, the target feature parameters of the initial horizontal component azimuth and the reference horizontal component azimuth are determined.

[0109] The orientation of the reference horizontal component is verified by quality control based on the changes in the target feature parameters.

[0110] The horizontal component azimuth correction device for a seabed seismograph provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seabed seismograph provided in any embodiment of the invention, and has the corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the method.

[0111] Example 4

[0112] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that can be used to implement embodiments of the present invention is shown. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smartphones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the implementation of the invention described and / or claimed herein.

[0113] like Figure 7 As shown, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11 and a memory, such as a read-only memory (ROM) 12 or a random access memory (RAM) 13, communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11. The memory stores computer programs executable by the at least one processor. The processor 11 can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on the computer program stored in the ROM 12 or loaded from storage unit 18 into the RAM 13. The RAM 13 may also store various programs and data required for the operation of the electronic device 10. The processor 11, ROM 12, and RAM 13 are interconnected via a bus 14. An input / output (I / O) interface 15 is also connected to the bus 14.

[0114] Multiple components in electronic device 10 are connected to I / O interface 15, including: input unit 16, such as keyboard, mouse, etc.; output unit 17, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; storage unit 18, such as disk, optical disk, etc.; and communication unit 19, such as network card, modem, wireless transceiver, etc. Communication unit 19 allows electronic device 10 to exchange information / data with other devices through computer networks such as the Internet and / or various telecommunications networks.

[0115] Processor 11 can be a variety of general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various special-purpose artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. Processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the horizontal component azimuth correction method for seafloor seismometers.

[0116] In some embodiments, the horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seafloor seismograph can be implemented as a computer program tangibly contained in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed on electronic device 10 via ROM 12 and / or communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seafloor seismograph described above can be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, processor 11 can be configured to perform the horizontal component azimuth correction method for a seafloor seismograph by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0117] Various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above herein can be implemented in digital electronic circuit systems, integrated circuit systems, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application-specific standard products (ASSPs), systems-on-a-chip (SoCs), payload-programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include implementations in one or more computer programs that can be executed and / or interpreted on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a dedicated or general-purpose programmable processor, capable of receiving data and instructions from a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device, and transmitting data and instructions to the storage system, the at least one input device, and the at least one output device.

[0118] Computer programs used to implement the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that when executed by the processor, the computer programs cause the functions / operations specified in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams to be performed. The computer programs may be executed entirely on a machine, partially on a machine, or as a standalone software package, partially on a machine and partially on a remote machine, or entirely on a remote machine or server.

[0119] In the context of this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be a tangible medium that may contain or store a computer program for use by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination thereof. Alternatively, a computer-readable storage medium may be a machine-readable signal medium. More specific examples of machine-readable storage media include electrical connections based on one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0120] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to the user; and a keyboard and pointing device (e.g., a mouse or trackball) through which the user provides input to the electronic device. Other types of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including sound input, voice input, or tactile input).

[0121] The systems and technologies described herein can be implemented in computing systems that include backend components (e.g., as data servers), or computing systems that include middleware components (e.g., application servers), or computing systems that include frontend components (e.g., user computers with graphical user interfaces or web browsers through which users can interact with implementations of the systems and technologies described herein), or any combination of such backend, middleware, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected via digital data communication of any form or medium (e.g., communication networks). Examples of communication networks include local area networks (LANs), wide area networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the Internet.

[0122] A computing system can include clients and servers. Clients and servers are generally located far apart and typically interact through communication networks. The client-server relationship is created by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or cloud host, which is a hosting product within the cloud computing service system to address the shortcomings of traditional physical hosts and VPS services, such as high management difficulty and weak business scalability.

[0123] It should be understood that the various forms of processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in this invention can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, as long as the desired result of the technical solution of this invention can be achieved, and this is not limited herein.

[0124] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A method for azimuth correction of the horizontal component of a seabed seismograph, characterized in that, The method includes: Acquire the direct water wave signals of the target corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line; wherein, the direct water wave signal of the target refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth, the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth that are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line; For each of the target shot locations, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined; wherein, the total energy of the target direct water wave refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth. Multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths are determined within a preset azimuth range, and the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target is determined from the multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths; wherein, the target horizontal component azimuth refers to the horizontal component azimuth with the largest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth, and the target azimuth is the first azimuth or the second azimuth; A rotation angle is determined as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the multiple target gun point positions. The initial horizontal component azimuth is then corrected based on the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each of the target gun positions, the total energy of the target direct water wave signal corresponding to the target is determined, including: For each of the target gun positions, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the first azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the first direct water wave energy. For each of the target gun positions, the amplitude of the target direct water wave signal in the second azimuth of the initial horizontal component is integrated over time to obtain the second direct water wave energy; The total energy of the target direct water wave corresponding to the target direct water wave signal is determined based on the sum of the squares of the first direct water wave energy and the second direct water wave energy.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Within a preset azimuth range, determine multiple candidate horizontal component azimuths, including: Multiple candidate rotation angles are determined within the preset azimuth range based on preset azimuth intervals; The initial horizontal component orientation is rotated according to each of the candidate rotation angles to obtain multiple candidate horizontal component orientations.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Determining the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target from the plurality of candidate horizontal component azimuths includes: For each of the target gun positions, the total energy of the direct water wave from the target is decomposed into the first and second azimuths of each candidate horizontal component. The candidate horizontal component azimuth with the highest direct water wave energy at the target azimuth is taken as the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the total direct water wave energy at the target.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotation angle is determined as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the horizontal component of the target azimuth corresponding to the multiple target gun point positions, including: The target fitting curve is determined based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to each target shot point position; The target curve boundary value is determined based on the changing trend of the target fitted curve, and the target curve boundary value is determined as the target rotation angle; Accordingly, the reference horizontal component azimuth is obtained by correcting the initial horizontal component azimuth based on the target rotation angle, including: The initial horizontal component azimuth is rotated according to the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth, so that the target azimuth corresponding to the reference horizontal component azimuth is parallel to the direction of the target survey line.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, After acquiring the direct water wave signals of the target corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points along the target survey line, the method further includes: Determine the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to the target direct water wave signal; If the signal-to-noise ratio is lower than a preset threshold, the corresponding target direct water wave signal will be removed.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, After correcting the initial horizontal component azimuth according to the target rotation angle to obtain the reference horizontal component azimuth, the method further includes: Determine the target feature parameters of the initial horizontal component azimuth and the reference horizontal component azimuth; The orientation of the reference horizontal component is verified by quality control based on the changes in the target feature parameters.

8. A horizontal component azimuth correction device for a seabed seismograph, characterized in that, The device includes: The target direct water wave signal acquisition module is used to acquire the target direct water wave signals corresponding to the positions of multiple target shot points on the target survey line; wherein, the target direct water wave signal refers to the direct water wave phase received by the seafloor seismograph at the initial horizontal component azimuth, the horizontal component azimuth includes a first azimuth and a second azimuth that are orthogonal to each other, and the target survey line is a straight line; The target direct water wave total energy determination module is used to determine the target direct water wave total energy corresponding to the target direct water wave signal for each of the target shot points; wherein, the target direct water wave total energy refers to the total energy of the direct water wave phase corresponding to the initial horizontal component azimuth; The target horizontal component orientation determination module is used to determine multiple candidate horizontal component orientations within a preset orientation range, and to determine the target horizontal component orientation corresponding to the total direct water wave energy of each target from the multiple candidate horizontal component orientations; wherein, the target horizontal component orientation refers to the horizontal component orientation with the largest direct water wave energy at the target orientation, and the target orientation is the first orientation or the second orientation; The horizontal component azimuth correction module is used to determine a rotation angle as the target rotation angle based on the target azimuth in the target horizontal component azimuth corresponding to the multiple target shot positions, and to correct the initial horizontal component azimuth based on the target rotation angle to obtain a reference horizontal component azimuth.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores a computer program that can be executed by the at least one processor, the computer program being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the horizontal component azimuth correction method for the seafloor seismograph according to any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions that, when executed by a processor, implement the horizontal component azimuth correction method for the seafloor seismograph according to any one of claims 1-7.

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