Aerodynamic disc planter with wedge-shaped opening device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wedge-shaped hole opening device's air suction type disc hill-drop planter, mainly including air suction type seed metering device, disc hill-drop device.The air suction type seed metering device is connected in hollow shaft by negative pressure cavity body, main disc, fixed shell in proper order, seed taking small hole is opened on main disc, and seed blowing device is connected on fixed shell;The disc hill-drop device is composed of main disc and auxiliary disc, and wedge-shaped hole opening device is evenly welded on the outer circumference of main disc, and seed guide device is arranged on the disc surface.The application adopts wedge-shaped hole opening device on the outer circumference of main disc to form hill-drop, solves the problem that traditional duckbill hill-drop device is not suitable for high-speed hill-drop;Main disc integrates seed suction and hill-drop function, and seed suction hole is arranged on the disc surface, and wedge-shaped hill-drop device is welded on the outer circumference, so that disc hill-drop device can be combined with air suction type seed metering device, seeding speed can reach 6-8 km / h, which is more than 40% higher than traditional duckbill hill-drop planter, and seeding speed and efficiency of hill-drop planter are improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of agricultural seeding machinery, in particular to a pneumatic disc hill-drop planter with wedge-shaped hole-opening device suitable for high-speed precision seeding of medium-sized seeds such as cotton and soybeans. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hill-drop planter is an organic combination of precision seed-metering device, seed-guiding device and hole-forming device, and its working performance directly affects the precision and efficiency of film hill-drop. The traditional pneumatic hill-drop planter has significant bottlenecks in high-speed operation: first, the duckbill hole-opening device relies on a mechanical opening and closing mechanism, and when the seeding speed exceeds 4-5 km / h, the hole-opening action and the seed-metering rhythm are difficult to synchronize, resulting in seed hole position deviation and seed landing lag, which leads to an increase in the rate of missing seeding; second, the traditional hill-drop seed-metering device mostly uses gravity seed dropping or mechanical pushing, and under high-speed rotation, the inertia of the seeds increases, which easily leads to the phenomenon of "flying seeds and empty holes", further increasing the rate of missing seeding. The existing technology cannot balance the seeding speed and precision, which seriously restricts large-scale and efficient seeding operation. Therefore, a hill-drop planter suitable for high-speed seeding needs to be designed. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to improve the working efficiency of the hill-drop planter and reduce the rate of empty holes during high-speed operation of the hill-drop planter, the present application provides a pneumatic disc hill-drop planter with wedge-shaped hole-opening device, which avoids the problem of seed hole position deviation and seed landing lag caused by the difficulty in synchronizing the hole-opening action and the seed-metering rhythm during high-speed seeding of the duckbill hole-opening device, and also avoids the phenomenon of "flying seeds and empty holes" during high-speed seed-metering.

[0004] The application is achieved by the following technical scheme: the disc hole opening is combined with the air suction type seed sowing, and the air blowing device is added to realize the high-speed hole sowing; the device comprises a main disc, an auxiliary disc, a hollow shaft, a pressure disc bearing seat, an auxiliary shaft, a negative pressure cavity, a fixed shell, a wedge hole opening device, a seed guiding device, an air blowing device, a fixing rod and a bearing; the main disc left side is connected with the negative pressure cavity through bolts; the negative pressure cavity is connected with the hollow shaft through the bearing; the hollow shaft is communicated with the external negative pressure air source; the pressure disc bearing seat is connected with the hollow shaft through the bearing; the left side of the pressure disc bearing seat is axially positioned by the shaft shoulder; the right side outer ring surface of the pressure disc bearing seat is contacted with the main disc, and the disc is pressed by the axial pre-tightening force of the inner bearing of the pressure disc bearing seat; the fixed shell is connected with the main disc right side through the shaft shoulder and the key; the air blowing device is connected with the fixed shell; the auxiliary disc is connected with the auxiliary shaft through the bearing; the auxiliary disc and the main disc form an angle of 10-30 degrees to assist the hole opening; the intersection point of the auxiliary disc and the main disc wedge hole opening device is higher than the lowest point of the auxiliary disc; with the rotation of the hole sower, the angle between the auxiliary disc and the main disc wedge hole opening device becomes larger and larger; the skeleton seal is located on the left side and the right side of the bearing to seal the negative pressure cavity; the main disc, the negative pressure cavity and the pressure disc bearing seat contact surface have the sealing ring to keep the air tightness and the negative pressure cavity air tightness; the fixing rod is fixed with the hollow shaft and the auxiliary shaft on the tractor frame.

[0005] Specifically, the main disc is provided with a seed taking hole; the seed guiding device is welded on the main disc surface; the seed guiding device is a horn mouth shape, one end is large and the other end is small; the large end is used for receiving the seed blown down by the air blowing device; the small end is connected with the seed inlet of the wedge hole opening device; the seed guiding device is composed of multiple units and is radially connected with the wedge hole opening device; the wedge hole opening device is uniformly welded on the outer circumference of the main disc; the wedge hole opening device is an inverted hollow wedge; the two quadrilateral inclined surfaces are opening surfaces; one surface is connected with the seed and the other surface is used for seed sowing; the wedge angle is 10-30 degrees.

[0006] Specifically, the air blowing device is fixed on the fixed shell; the air blowing pipe is provided with the positive pressure gas; the gas flow direction and the horizontal direction form an angle of 15-45 degrees; the gas flow pressure is 0.1-0.4 MPa.

[0007] The wedge hole opening device on the outer circumference of the main disc is used to form the hole, which solves the problem that the traditional duck bill hole opening device is not suitable for high-speed hole sowing; the disc hole opening device is combined with the air suction type seed sowing device, which can improve the sowing speed to more than 6 km / h, and improve the sowing speed and efficiency of the hole sower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 It is an explosion view of the air suction type disc hole sower with the wedge hole opening device;

[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped seeding device.

[0010] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an air-suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped seeding device;

[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the left main disc structure of a pneumatic suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped opening device;

[0012] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the wedge-shaped opening device and the opening process diagram (BB cross-sectional view) of a pneumatic suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped opening device.

[0013] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of an air-blowing device for a pneumatic suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped opening device;

[0014] Part numbers in the diagram: 1-Auxiliary shaft, 2-Fixing rod I, 3-Bearing I, 4-Auxiliary disc, 5-Air blowing device, 6-Fixed housing, 7-Seed guiding device, 8-Hollow shaft, 9-Wedge-shaped opening device, 10-Main disc, 11-Skeleton seal, 12-Bearing II, 13-Pressure plate bearing seat, 14-Air blocking device, 15-Negative pressure air chamber, 16-Fixing rod II, 17-Seed suction hole, 18-Air blowing pipe, 27-Seed leakage port, 28-Seed inlet, 29-Seed. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Detailed Description of the Embodiments: The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The left side of the main disc (10) is connected to the negative pressure air chamber (15) by bolts. The negative pressure air chamber (15) is connected to the hollow shaft (8) by bearing (12). The hollow shaft (8) is connected to an external negative pressure air source. The pressure plate bearing seat (13) is connected to the hollow shaft (8) by bearing II (12). The left side of the pressure plate bearing seat (13) is axially positioned by a shoulder. The outer ring surface of the right side of the pressure plate bearing seat (13) contacts the main disc (10) and is pressed by the axial preload of the bearing in the pressure plate bearing seat (13). The fixed housing (6) is connected to the right side of the main disc (10) by a shoulder and a key. An air blowing device (5) is connected to the fixed housing (6). The auxiliary disc (4) is connected to the auxiliary disc (4) by bearing I (3). On the auxiliary shaft (1), the angle between the auxiliary shaft (4) and the main disc (10) is 10°-30° to assist in opening holes. The closing point of the angle between the auxiliary disc (4) and the wedge-shaped opening device (9) on the main disc (10) is higher than the lowest point of the auxiliary disc (4). At position a, as the hole seeder rotates, the angle between the auxiliary disc (4) and the wedge-shaped opening device (9) on the main disc becomes larger and larger. The skeleton seal (11) is located on the left side and the right side of the bearing II (12) respectively, and is used to seal the negative pressure chamber. The contact surface between the main disc (10) and the negative pressure air chamber (15) and the pressure plate bearing seat (13) is provided with a sealing ring to maintain the airtightness of the negative pressure chamber. The fixing rod II (16) fixes the hollow shaft (8) and the auxiliary shaft (1) on the tractor frame respectively.

[0016] As attached Figure 4 As shown, a seed suction hole (17) is opened on the main disc (10); a seed guiding device (7) is welded on the surface of the main disc (10); and a wedge-shaped hole opening device (9) is uniformly welded on the outer circumference of the main disc (10).

[0017] As attached Figure 5 As shown, the air blowing device (5) is fixed on the fixed housing (6), and positive pressure air is passed through the air blowing pipe (18). When the seed (29) on the seed suction hole (17) rotates to a certain position, the air blocking device (14) inside the negative pressure air chamber (15) blocks the negative pressure of the seed suction hole, and the seed (29) is removed from the seed suction hole (17). At this time, the airflow blown out by the air blowing pipe (18) quickly throws the seed into the seed guiding device (7). The seed guiding device (7) is a single unit with a trumpet shape, one end is large and the other end is small. The large end is used to receive the seed (29) blown down by the air blowing device (18), and the small end is connected to the seed inlet (28) of the wedge-shaped opening device (9), so as to quickly guide the seed into the wedge-shaped opening device (9). The airflow direction is at an angle of 15°-45° with the horizontal direction, and the airflow pressure is 0.1-0.4MPa.

[0018] As attached Figure 6As shown, the wedge-shaped opening device (9) is an inverted hollow wedge, with two quadrilateral inclined surfaces serving as openings. One surface is the seed inlet (28), and the other is the seed outlet (27). The wedge angle is 20°-40°. (See attached diagram) Figure 6 As shown in the BB cross-sectional view, during operation, the seeder rotates under the traction of the tractor. The wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) works in conjunction with the auxiliary disc (4) to open holes. The closing point of the angle between the auxiliary disc (4) and the wedge-shaped hole-opening device on the main disc (10) is higher than the lowest point of the auxiliary disc (4). At position a, as the seeder rotates, the angle between the auxiliary disc (4) and the wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) on the main disc becomes larger and larger. At position a, the seed-leaking port (27) of the wedge-shaped hole-opening device fits into the auxiliary disc (4) to form a closed cavity, and the film is inserted into the soil to open holes. As the seeder rotates (from position a to b to c), the depth of insertion into the soil gradually increases, and the auxiliary disc (4) gradually opens laterally, pushing the film and soil to one side, eventually forming a hole. The seed falls into the hole from the seed guide device (7), completing one sowing process. Since the hole-making method of the wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) does not rely on the spring return, there is no situation where the moving duck beak cannot close in time. Moreover, there is airflow to accelerate the seeding. When the cavity formed by the wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) and the auxiliary disc (4) is fully opened, the seeding can be carried out in time. Therefore, it has good high-speed hole-sowing performance.

Claims

1. A pneumatic suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped seeding device, characterized in that: The system includes a main disc (10), an auxiliary disc (4), a hollow shaft (8), a pressure plate bearing seat (13), an auxiliary shaft (1), a negative pressure cavity (15), a fixed housing (6), a wedge-shaped opening device (9), a seed guiding device (7), and an air blowing device (5). The left side of the main disc (10) is connected to the negative pressure cavity (15) by bolts. The negative pressure air cavity (15) is connected to the hollow shaft (8) through bearing II (12), and the hollow shaft (8) is connected to an external negative pressure air source. The pressure plate bearing housing (13) is connected to the hollow shaft (8) via bearing II (12). The left side of the pressure plate bearing housing (13) is axially positioned by a shoulder, and the outer ring surface of the right side of the pressure plate bearing housing (13) contacts the main disc (10). The main disc (10) is pressed by the axial preload of the bearing inside the pressure plate bearing housing (13). The fixed housing (6) is connected to the right side of the main disc (10) via a shoulder and a key. An air blowing device (5) is connected to the fixed housing (6). The auxiliary disc... The disk (4) is connected to the auxiliary shaft (1) via bearing I (3), forming an angle of 10°-30° with the main disk (10) to assist in opening holes. The closing point of the angle between the auxiliary disk (4) and the wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) on the main disk (10) is higher than the lowest point of the auxiliary disk (4). As the hole-seeder rotates, the angle between the auxiliary disk (4) and the wedge-shaped hole-opening device (9) on the main disk becomes larger and larger. The main disk (10) has a seed suction hole (17), and the surface of the main disk (10) is welded with... A seed guiding device (7) is connected; one end of the seed guiding device (7) is connected to the air blowing device (5), and the other end is connected to the seed inlet (28) of the wedge-shaped opening device (9); the wedge-shaped opening device (9) is uniformly welded on the outer circumference of the main disc (10); the wedge-shaped opening device (9) is an inverted hollow wedge, in which two quadrilateral inclined surfaces are opening surfaces, one side is the seed inlet (28), and the other side is the seed outlet (27), and the wedge angle of the wedge is 20°-40°.

2. The air-suction disc seeder with a wedge-shaped opening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air blowing device (5) is fixed on the fixed housing (6), and positive pressure air is passed through the air blowing pipe (18). The air flow direction is at an angle of 15°-45° with the horizontal direction, and the air flow pressure is 0.1-0.4MPa.

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