Transverse electro-hydraulic effect ore crushing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a transverse electro-hydraulic effect ore crushing device and method.The transverse electro-hydraulic effect ore crushing device comprises an ore crushing bin, a transverse crushing cavity is formed in the ore crushing bin, a screening plate is arranged in the transverse crushing cavity and divides the transverse crushing cavity into an upper ore crushing cavity and a lower ore layering cavity, and an electro-hydraulic effect generating system is arranged in the transverse crushing cavity; a water inlet is formed in the side wall of one side of the transverse crushing cavity; the liquid-electric effect generating system comprises a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode, the high-voltage electrode is arranged along the axis of the transverse crushing cavity through a positioning part, the output end of the high-voltage electrode is located in the transverse crushing cavity, a spiral structure is arranged on the side wall of the output end of the high-voltage electrode, a protruding part of the spiral structure is sharp, and the output end of the ground electrode is connected to the side wall of the transverse crushing cavity. The input end of the high-voltage electrode and the input end of the ground electrode are connected to the two output ends of the high-voltage direct-current power source respectively, and when the high-voltage direct-current power source discharges, the protruding part of the spiral structure and the side wall of the transverse crushing cavity break down a liquid medium between the protruding part and the side wall and generate shock waves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly to a transverse liquid-electric effect ore crushing device and method. Background Art

[0003] Mineral resources play a crucial role in China's economic development. However, China currently faces many problems in the process of mineral resource development. The traditional "crushing - grinding - beneficiation" process has disadvantages such as high energy consumption, serious over-crushing, and large subsequent resource losses, and it is difficult to meet the increasing demand for mineral production. Although the existing shock wave ore crushing devices have improved the crushing efficiency to a certain extent, there are problems such as uneven distribution of shock wave energy, unsatisfactory crushing effect of some ores, and easy damage of metal wires, resulting in poor consistency and stability of the overall crushing effect, increased equipment maintenance costs, and reduced production efficiency.

[0004] Chinese Patent CN114433330A discloses a device and method for controllable shock wave crushing of ores. The device includes a cylinder body and a shock wave generating device; a sieve plate is arranged in the middle of the cylinder body, and a plurality of sieve holes for crushed stones to pass through are arranged on the sieve plate; a water injection pipe is arranged at the upper part of the cylinder body, and a water discharge pipe is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body; a shock wave generating device is arranged at the upper end of the cylinder body, and the metal wire of the shock wave generating device is located in the upper part of the cylinder body.

[0005] Although in the above solution, through the action of shock waves, ores can be subjected to strong impact forces in a very short time, which can prompt the connection bonds between mineral particles inside the ores to break quickly, realizing efficient dissociation. Compared with the traditional "crushing - grinding - beneficiation" process, it avoids the cumbersome multi-stage crushing and grinding processes, greatly shortens the process flow, and improves production efficiency. However, in the actual operation process of the above shock wave generating device, it is very difficult to ensure that the energy distribution of the shock wave in the cylinder body is completely uniform. And some ores receive insufficient impact energy and cannot achieve an ideal crushing effect; while some other ores may be over-crushed due to excessive energy, thus affecting the consistency and stability of the overall crushing effect. And during the high-frequency use process of the metal wire, it is easy to be affected by high temperature, high pressure, and impact forces and appear problems such as fatigue and fracture. Once the metal wire is damaged, it will not only affect the normal generation of shock waves, but also increase the equipment maintenance cost and downtime, and reduce production efficiency.

[0006] Therefore, we hereby propose a transverse liquid-electric effect ore crushing device. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The main objective of this application is to provide a horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device and method, aiming to solve the problems of uneven distribution of shock wave energy, poor crushing effect of some ores, and easy damage of metal wires in the prior art, realizing efficient and stable crushing of ores and improving the utilization rate of mineral resources.

[0008] To achieve the above objective, this application provides a horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device, including: a crushing bin, a horizontal crushing cavity is provided in the crushing bin, a sieve plate is arranged in the horizontal crushing cavity, the sieve plate divides the horizontal crushing cavity into an upper ore crushing cavity and a lower ore layering cavity, a liquid-electric effect generating system is arranged in the horizontal crushing cavity, and a water inlet is provided on the side wall of one side of the horizontal crushing cavity;

[0009] The liquid-electric effect generating system includes a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode. The high-voltage electrode is arranged along the axis of the horizontal crushing cavity through a positioning part, the output end of the high-voltage electrode is located in the horizontal crushing cavity, a spiral structure is arranged on the side wall of the output end of the high-voltage electrode, the protruding part of the spiral structure is set to be sharp, the output end of the ground electrode is connected to the side wall of the horizontal crushing cavity, the input ends of the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode are respectively connected to the two output ends of a high-voltage DC power supply. When the high-voltage DC power supply discharges, the protruding part of the spiral structure and the side wall of the horizontal crushing cavity break down the liquid medium therebetween and generate shock waves.

[0010] The helix angle of the spiral structure on the outer periphery of the output end of the high-voltage electrode is set to 30° - 45°.

[0011] A first insulating ring is circumferentially arranged at the input end of the high-voltage electrode, and a second insulating ring is circumferentially arranged at the convex ring in the middle of the output end of the high-voltage electrode.

[0012] A radially protruding limiting platform is arranged in the first insulating ring. One side of the limiting platform is closely attached to the top plate of the crushing bin and partially axially extends outside the through hole of the top plate of the crushing bin. The other side of the limiting platform is provided with a radially concave outer curved surface, and an annular permanent magnet array is embedded in the outer curved surface, and the magnetic field gradient direction forms an angle of 22.5° with the axis of the input end of the high-voltage electrode.

[0013] The annular permanent magnet array includes: a number of permanent magnet units annularly distributed outside the axis of the input end of the high-voltage electrode. The permanent magnet units are arranged in a segmented sector-shaped Halbach array, and the magnetization directions of adjacent units gradually rotate at 45° - 90°, so that the magnetic field intensity is superimposed and enhanced on the inner or outer side of the axis of the input end of the high-voltage electrode, and is significantly weakened on the other side.

[0014] A conductive buffer layer is arranged between every two adjacent permanent magnet units. The conductive buffer layer is made of a silicone rubber composite doped with carbon nanotubes, with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.2 mm and a resistivity controlled within the range of 10^3 - 10^5 Ω·m.

[0015] An annular permanent magnet is provided inside the screening plate, and the magnetic field of the annular permanent magnet cooperates with that of the annular permanent magnet array.

[0016] To achieve the above object, the present application further provides a method for crushing ore by transverse liquid-electric effect, including the transverse liquid-electric effect crushing device described in any one of the above, characterized by further comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Feed the ore into the crushing bin through the feed port;

[0018] S2. Start the liquid-electric effect generating system, apply a high voltage through the high-voltage electrode input end, polarize water molecules and break them down to form a plasma channel, generating shock waves;

[0019] S3. The shock waves propagate in the form of spherical waves and form a regular vortex flow under the guidance of the high-voltage electrode output end to preliminarily crush the ore;

[0020] S4. The preliminarily crushed ore falls from the upper ore crushing cavity into the lower ore stratification cavity through the screening plate. At the same time, the ore in the lower ore stratification cavity continues to be crushed and mixed under the action of the vortex flow;

[0021] S5. After the action of multiple shock waves, the ore reaching the required crushing fineness and uniformity is discharged through the discharge port.

[0022] Preferably, step S2 further includes injecting an appropriate amount of deionized water into the transverse crushing cavity through the water inlet.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] The transverse liquid-electric effect crushing device can adapt to the crushing requirements of ores with different hardnesses and sizes. By adjusting the voltage and current intensity of the high-voltage electrode, the energy and frequency of the shock waves can be controlled, thereby achieving effective crushing of different types of ores. At the same time, due to the symmetrical arrangement of the high-voltage electrode and the screening plate and the design of the high-voltage electrode, the ore is subjected to uniform impact force in the transverse crushing cavity, thereby achieving uniform crushing of the ore. And compared with the prior art, through the cooperation of the high-voltage electrode and the spiral structure to form a synergistic effect of "electro-shock wave crushing + rotary shear crushing", the crushing efficiency and crushing quality of the ore are greatly improved.

[0025] In practical applications, when ores of different hardnesses and sizes enter the horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device, first, through the strong electric field generated between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode, water molecules are polarized and broken down to form a plasma channel. The shock wave generated by the instantaneous vaporization and expansion of water initially crushes the ore. And during the above-mentioned crushing process, the energy and frequency of the shock wave can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the ore to ensure that different types of ores can be effectively crushed, further refining the ore particles, making the crushing of the ore more uniform, and reducing the occurrence of over-crushing. Thus, on the one hand, electro-shock wave crushing can quickly crush the ore into smaller particles, providing a good foundation for subsequent rotary shear crushing; on the other hand, rotary shear crushing further refines the ore particles, improving the crushing fineness and uniformity of the ore.

[0026] Subsequently, under the guidance of the spiral structure, the shock wave propagates in all directions in the form of a spherical wave and forms a regular vortex flow. The ore is wrapped in the vortex, and under the continuous action of the shock wave, the ores continuously collide and rub against each other.

[0027] At the same time, compared with the traditional vertical discharge method, the contact area and action time between the shock wave and the ore are increased. The spiral angle of the spiral structure optimizes the movement path of the ore, making the residence time of the ore in the ore crushing bin more reasonable, ensuring that each impact crushing can effectively act on the ore. The cooperation of multiple factors greatly enhances the crushing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device in another embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular permanent magnet array in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the annular permanent magnet array in another embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the horizontal liquid-electric effect ore crushing device in still another embodiment of the present application.

[0033] The realization, functional characteristics, and advantages of the object of the present application will be further described in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0034] Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application, but should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] In addition, if the description in the present application involves "first", "second", etc., it is only for descriptive purposes (such as for distinguishing the same or similar elements), and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions results in contradictions or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present application.

[0036] See Figure 1 , the present invention provides a transverse liquid-electric effect ore crushing device, including: an ore crushing bin 100, a transverse crushing cavity 200 is provided in the ore crushing bin 100, a screening plate 300 is arranged in the transverse crushing cavity 200, the screening plate 300 divides the transverse crushing cavity 200 into an upper ore crushing cavity 201 and a lower ore stratification cavity 202, and a liquid-electric effect generating system 400 is arranged in the transverse crushing cavity 200.

[0037] The liquid-electric effect generating system 400 includes a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode. The high-voltage electrode is arranged along the axis of the transverse crushing cavity 200 through a positioning part 402. The output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode is located in the transverse crushing cavity 200. A spiral structure is arranged on the side wall of the output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode, and the protruding part of the spiral structure is set to be sharp. The output end of the ground electrode is connected to the side wall of the transverse crushing cavity 200. The input end 401 of the high-voltage electrode and the input end of the ground electrode are respectively connected to the two output ends of a high-voltage DC power supply. When the high-voltage DC power supply discharges, the protruding part of the spiral structure and the side wall of the transverse crushing cavity 200 break down the liquid medium therebetween and generate shock waves.

[0038] Specifically, when a high voltage is applied, a strong electric field is formed between the tip of the spiral structure on the outer surface of the output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode and the side wall of the transverse crushing chamber 200, rapidly polarizing and breaking down water molecules to form a plasma channel. The water instantaneously vaporizes and expands, generating a powerful shock wave. The shock wave propagates in all directions in the form of a spherical wave, thus enclosing the ore within it, causing the ore to continuously collide and rub against each other under the action of the shock wave, thereby achieving a more efficient crushing effect.

[0039] Meanwhile, in order to further improve the stability and reliability of the liquid-electric effect generating system 400, a special insulating and wear-resistant coating is applied to the surface of the high-voltage electrode. This coating is composed of high-purity alumina ceramic particles and silicone resin, and has extremely high insulation resistance and hardness. It can not only effectively prevent the high-voltage electrode from being oxidized and corroded during long-term use, extending its service life, but also reduce the frictional resistance between the high-voltage electrode and the surrounding medium, reducing energy loss.

[0040] In this embodiment, the transverse liquid-electric effect ore crushing device can adapt to the crushing requirements of ores with different hardnesses and sizes. By adjusting the voltage and current intensity of the high-voltage electrode, the energy and frequency of the shock wave can be controlled, thereby achieving effective crushing of different types of ores. At the same time, due to the design of the output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode, the ore is subjected to a uniform impact force within the transverse crushing chamber 200, thereby achieving uniform crushing of the ore. And compared with the prior art, through the output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode and the cooperation of the spiral structure, a synergistic effect of "electro-shock wave crushing + rotary shear crushing" is formed, greatly improving the crushing efficiency and quality of the ore.

[0041] In practical applications, when ores with different hardnesses and sizes enter the transverse liquid-electric effect ore crushing device, first, through the strong electric field generated between the high-voltage electrode and the ground electrode, water molecules are polarized and broken down to form a plasma channel, and the shock wave generated by the instantaneous vaporization and expansion of water conducts primary crushing on the ore. And during the above-mentioned crushing process, the energy and frequency of the shock wave can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the ore to ensure that different types of ores can be effectively crushed, further refining the ore particles, making the crushing of the ore more uniform, and reducing the occurrence of over-crushing. On the one hand, electro-shock wave crushing can quickly crush the ore into smaller particles, providing a good basis for subsequent rotary shear crushing; on the other hand, rotary shear crushing further refines the ore particles, improving the crushing fineness and uniformity of the ore.

[0042] Subsequently, under the guidance of the spiral structure, the shock wave propagates in all directions in the form of a spherical wave and forms a regular vortex flow. The ore is wrapped in the vortex, and under the continuous action of the shock wave, the ore continuously collides and rubs against each other.

[0043] Furthermore, the helix angle of the spiral structure on the outer periphery of the high-voltage electrode output end 403 is set to 30°-45°, and the high-voltage electrode is made of a tungsten-copper alloy gradient material. Compared with the traditional vertical discharge method, the contact area and action time between the shock wave and the ore are increased. At the same time, the helix angle of the spiral structure on the outer periphery of the high-voltage electrode output end 403 optimizes the movement path of the ore, making the residence time of the ore in the crushing bin 100 more reasonable, ensuring that each impact crushing can effectively act on the ore. The cooperation of multiple factors greatly enhances the crushing efficiency.

[0044] In one of the embodiments, a first insulating ring 405 is circumferentially arranged at the high-voltage electrode input end 401, and a second insulating ring 406 is circumferentially arranged at the convex ring 407 in the middle of the high-voltage electrode output end 403.

[0045] In this embodiment, the first insulating ring 405 and the second insulating ring 406 can effectively block the direct contact between the high-voltage electrode and external conductive substances (such as water, ore particles, etc.), greatly reducing the occurrence probability of leakage. It avoids problems such as equipment failure and increased energy consumption caused by leakage. At the same time, it can guide and constrain the electric field around the high-voltage electrode, making the electric field more concentrated in a specific area between the high-voltage electrodes, that is, the crushing area where the ore is located. Thus, the liquid-electric effect can be enhanced, enabling water molecules to be polarized and broken down to form a plasma channel in a more precise area. The generated shock wave energy is more concentrated and the direction is more definite, improving the crushing efficiency of the ore and reducing the unnecessary loss of energy.

[0046] See Figures 2 - 3 , in one of the embodiments, a radially protruding limiting platform 408 is provided in the first insulating ring 405. One side of the limiting platform 408 is in close contact with the top plate of the crushing bin 100 and partially axially extends outside the through hole of the top plate of the crushing bin 100. The other side of the limiting platform 408 is provided with a radially concave outer curved surface, and an annular permanent magnet array 409 is embedded in the outer curved surface, and the magnetic field gradient direction thereof forms an angle of 22.5° with the axis of the high-voltage electrode.

[0047] In this embodiment, the close fit between the limiting platform 408 and the through hole of the top plate of the crushing bin 100 provides precise positioning for the high-voltage electrode input end 401. During the operation of the equipment, even under the action of dynamic forces such as rotation and ore impact, the high-voltage electrode can maintain a stable position without deviation or shaking. Thus, it ensures the stability and uniformity of the electric field distribution in the liquid-electric effect generating system 400, providing a reliable guarantee for achieving efficient ore crushing.

[0048] On the other hand, the radially concave outer surface formed on the other side of the limiting platform 408 and the embedded annular permanent magnet array 409 have more unique functions. The magnetic field generated by the annular permanent magnet array 409 forms an angle of 22.5° with the axis of the high-voltage electrode. When the liquid-electric effect generating system 400 operates, a specific electric field distribution will be formed around the high-voltage electrode. Then, through the interaction between the specific angle magnetic field and the electric field formed above, the movement trajectory of charged particles can be subtly regulated.

[0049] Specifically, the presence of the magnetic field will generate a Lorentz force on the charged particles in the electric field, causing the direction of their movement to deflect. In this embodiment, the magnetic field gradient direction of 22.5° can guide the charged particles to move in a direction more conducive to ore crushing. For example, during the process of water molecules being polarized and broken down to form a plasma channel, through the design of the 22.5° angle between the magnetic field and the electric field, the movement trajectory of the charged particles shows a spiral deflection. At the same time, by guiding the charged particle group through the magnetic field gradient direction when impacting the ore, an asymmetric stress wave will be generated. Due to the resonance effect formed by the Lorentz force component formed by the 22.5° angle and the orientation of the inherent weak surface of the ore, the stress wave propagates faster, and it can also guide the particles to gather in the ore crack or stress concentration area (such as grain boundaries, micro-defects). According to Paschen's law, the energy density of the plasma channel is proportional to the square of the electric field strength, and the directional regulation of the magnetic field can increase the energy release efficiency per unit volume by about 30%, forming an "energy beam" effect, ensuring that the charged particles in spiral motion form a high-density energy flow under the guidance of the magnetic field, and its movement trajectory forms a dynamic coupling with the internal micro-crack network of the ore. When the plasma channel expands, the energy beam preferentially penetrates along defect areas such as grain boundaries and dislocations, making the local energy density reach 1.8 - 2.3 times that of traditional uniform discharge.

[0050] Furthermore, the curvature of the annular permanent magnet array forms a conjugate geometric relationship with the surface of the high-voltage electrode, ensuring that within the full working range, for example, when the electrode spacing changes by ±2 mm and the magnetic field gradient deviation is <3%, the peak value of the equivalent pressure acting on the ore surface is stabilized at 1.2 - 1.5 GPa, avoiding the "over-crushing" phenomenon caused by energy dispersion.

[0051] At the same time, this synergistic effect between the magnetic field and the electric field can also reduce the energy dispersion and loss caused by the disordered movement of charged particles. In the traditional liquid-electric effect generating system 400, the movement of charged particles may be relatively random, so that part of the energy cannot be effectively used for ore crushing but is dissipated in the form of heat energy, etc. In this embodiment, through the guidance of the magnetic field on the charged particles, more energy can be concentrated in the direction required for ore crushing, improving the energy utilization efficiency and reducing the energy consumption.

[0052] In one of the embodiments, the annular permanent magnet array 409 includes: a plurality of permanent magnet units 410 annularly distributed outside the axis line of the high-voltage electrode output terminal 403. The permanent magnet units 410 are arranged in a segmented sector-shaped Halbach array, and the magnetization directions of adjacent units gradually rotate at 45° to 90°, so that the magnetic field intensity is superimposed and enhanced on one side (inner or outer side) of the axis line of the high-voltage electrode output terminal 403, and significantly weakened on the other side. The permanent magnet units 410 are bonded by non-magnetic glue.

[0053] In this embodiment, when the specific magnetic field distribution generated by the segmented annular Halbach array interacts with the electric field around the high-voltage electrode, a more optimized coupling effect can be generated. Specifically, since the magnetic field intensity is superimposed and enhanced on one side of the axis line of the high-voltage electrode output terminal 403, and the magnetic field on the other side is significantly weakened, a strong magnetic field "gravitational zone" is formed. During the occurrence of the liquid-electric effect, when water molecules are polarized and broken down to form a plasma channel, charged particles will be affected by both the magnetic field and the electric field. At the same time, the enhanced magnetic field can more effectively guide the charged particles to gather towards the side with a larger magnetic field intensity, so that the magnetic force on the charged particles in this area is smaller. This ensures that the charged particles do not disperse too much energy in unimportant areas, but concentrate the main energy on the side with enhanced magnetic field, focusing the energy on a "point", avoiding the irregular dissipation of energy, making the crushing energy more concentrated, and being more conducive to the efficient crushing of ores.

[0054] Furthermore, the permanent magnet units 410 in the segmented annular Halbach array are made of high-performance neodymium-iron-boron magnet materials, which can maintain strong magnetic properties in a complex electromagnetic environment. Moreover, the neodymium-iron-boron magnet also has excellent high-temperature resistance, can adapt to the heat generated by the passing of current during the occurrence of the liquid-electric effect, and ensure the stability of the magnetic field intensity during long-term operation.

[0055] See Figure 4 , in one of the embodiments, a conductive buffer layer 411 is provided between every two adjacent permanent magnet units 410. The conductive buffer layer 411 is made of a silicone rubber composite doped with carbon nanotubes, with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.2 mm and a resistivity controlled within the range of 10^3 - 10^5 Ω·m.

[0056] In this embodiment, when a voltage is applied, the conductive buffer layer acts as a resistance element, which can limit and guide the current to flow along a preset path, effectively avoiding the short - circuit risk that may be caused by the current directly passing through the permanent magnet unit, ensuring the uniform distribution of the electric field in the crushing cavity, and enhancing the stability and controllability of the hydrodynamic - electric effect. Further, the presence of the conductive buffer layer does not interfere with the magnetic field generated by the annular permanent magnet array 409, but instead cooperates with it to form a more complex and precise electromagnetic environment. The Lorentz force of the magnetic field on charged particles, combined with the drive of the electric field, jointly guides the charged particles to gather in areas more conducive to ore crushing, such as near the cracks or weak points of the ore. And through the synergistic effect with the electric field, it improves the energy concentration and directivity of the shock wave, promotes the uniform crushing of ore particles, and reduces the phenomena of over - crushing or insufficient crushing.

[0057] Meanwhile, the addition of the conductive buffer layer, as a physical isolation layer, effectively protects the permanent magnet unit from the influence of the external environment, including mechanical vibration, temperature change, etc. This helps to maintain the stability of the magnetic field and extend the service life of the permanent magnet. Moreover, the elastic property of the silicone rubber composite material can also absorb a certain amount of mechanical stress, reduce the damage to the system caused by the vibration generated during the operation of the equipment, and further improve the overall stability and reliability of the system.

[0058] See Figure 5 , in one of the embodiments, an annular permanent magnet 600 is arranged in the screening plate 300. The magnetic field of the annular permanent magnet 600 cooperates with the magnetic field of the annular permanent magnet array 409 to further enhance the control of the movement of charged particles during the ore crushing process, making the screening plate 300 not only a structure that physically separates the upper ore crushing cavity 201 and the lower ore stratification cavity 202, but also participates in the optimization of the entire crushing process through its built - in annular permanent magnet 600.

[0059] Specifically, when a high voltage is applied to trigger the hydrodynamic - electric effect, the generated plasma channel and shock wave form a vortex flow under the guidance of the high - voltage electrode output end 403 to crush the ore. At this time, the magnetic field generated by the annular permanent magnet 600 in the screening plate 300 interacts with the magnetic field of the annular permanent magnet array 409 to jointly affect the movement path of charged particles. This interaction not only enhances the concentration of charged particles in a specific area, improves the energy concentration and directivity of the shock wave, but also promotes the uniform distribution of ore particles in the crushing cavity, reducing the particle size non - uniformity caused by local over - crushing or insufficient crushing.

[0060] In one of the embodiments, a drain port 500 protrudes in the lower ore stratification cavity 202.

[0061] The present invention also proposes a transverse hydrodynamic - electric effect ore crushing method, including the following steps:

[0062] S1. Feed the ore into the crushing bin 100 through the feed inlet;

[0063] S2. Start the liquid-electric effect generating system 400, apply a high voltage through the high-voltage electrode to polarize water molecules and break them down to form a plasma channel, generating shock waves;

[0064] S3. The shock waves propagate in the form of spherical waves and form a regular vortex flow under the guidance of the output end 403 of the high-voltage electrode to initially crush the ore;

[0065] S4. The initially crushed ore falls from the upper ore crushing cavity 201 into the lower ore stratifying cavity 202 through the sieve plate 300. Meanwhile, the ore in the lower ore stratifying cavity continues to be crushed and mixed under the action of the vortex flow;

[0066] S5. After the action of multiple shock waves, the ore that reaches the required crushing fineness and uniformity is discharged through the discharge outlet.

[0067] In one of the embodiments, step S2 further includes injecting an appropriate amount of water, which is deionized water, into the transverse crushing cavity through the water inlet.

[0068] It should be noted that in this article, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, device, article or transverse liquid-electric effect ore crusher including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such a process, device, article or transverse liquid-electric effect ore crusher. Without more limitations, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, device, article or transverse liquid-electric effect ore crusher including that element.

[0069] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application accordingly. Any equivalent structural or equivalent process transformation made using the specification and drawings of the present application, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, shall be equally included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A transverse hydroelectric effect ore crushing device, comprising: A crushing bin (100), wherein a transverse crushing chamber (200) is provided in the crushing bin (100), a sieve plate (300) is provided in the transverse crushing chamber (200), the sieve plate (300) divides the transverse crushing chamber (200) into an upper ore crushing chamber (201) and a lower ore layering chamber (202), a liquid-electric effect generating system (400) is provided in the transverse crushing chamber (200), and a water inlet (404) is provided on a side wall of one side of the transverse crushing chamber (200); The invention is characterized in that the liquid-electric effect generating system (400) comprises a high-voltage electrode and a ground electrode, wherein the high-voltage electrode is arranged along the axis of the transverse crushing chamber (200) through a positioning portion (402), the high-voltage electrode output end (403) is located in the transverse crushing chamber (200), the side wall of the high-voltage electrode output end (403) is provided with a spiral structure, the protrusion of the spiral structure is sharply arranged, the output end of the ground electrode is connected to the side wall of the transverse crushing chamber (200), the high-voltage electrode input end (401) and the input end of the ground electrode are respectively connected to the two output ends of a high-voltage direct current power supply, and when the high-voltage direct current power supply discharges, the protrusion of the spiral structure and the side wall of the transverse crushing chamber (200) break down the liquid medium therebetween and generate a shock wave.

2. A transverse hydraulic-electric effect ore crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The helical pitch angle of the helical structure on the periphery of the high voltage electrode output end (403) is set to 30°-45°.

3. The lateral hydroelectric effect ore crushing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first insulating ring (405) is circumferentially arranged at the high voltage electrode input end (401), and a second insulating ring (406) is circumferentially arranged at the convex ring (407) in the middle of the high voltage electrode output end (403).

4. A transverse hydraulic-electric effect ore crushing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A radially protruding limit platform (408) is provided in the first insulating ring (405), one side of the limit platform (408) is tightly fitted with the top plate of the crushing bin (100), and partially extends axially to the outside of the through hole of the top plate of the crushing bin (100), and the other side of the limit platform (408) is provided with a radially concave outer curved surface, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet array (409) is embedded in the outer curved surface, and the magnetic field gradient direction forms an angle of 22.5° with the axis of the high-voltage electrode input end (401).

5. The lateral hydraulic-electric effect ore crushing device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The annular permanent magnet array (409) comprises: a plurality of permanent magnet units (410) distributed in an annular manner outside the axial core line of the high-voltage electrode input end (401); the permanent magnet units (410) are arranged in a segmented fan-shaped Halbach array, and the magnetization directions of adjacent units are gradually rotated by 45° to 90°, so that the magnetic field strength is superimposed and enhanced on the inner side or the outer side of the axial core line of the high-voltage electrode input end (401), while the other side is significantly weakened.

6. A transverse hydraulic-electric effect ore crushing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A conductive buffer layer (411) is arranged between every two adjacent permanent magnet units (410); the conductive buffer layer (411) is made of a silicon rubber composite material doped with carbon nanotubes, has a thickness of 0.5-1.2 mm, and a resistivity controlled within the range of 10^3-10^5Ω·m.

7. A transverse hydraulic-electric effect ore crushing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular permanent magnet (600) is provided in the sieve plate (300), and the magnetic fields of the annular permanent magnet (600) and the annular permanent magnet array (409) cooperate with each other.

8. A method for ore crushing by horizontal hydraulic-electric effect, comprising a ore crushing device by horizontal hydraulic-electric effect as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: S1, feeding the ore into the crushing bin (100) through the feed port; S2, starting the liquid-electric effect generating system (400), applying a high voltage through the high-voltage electrode input terminal (401), polarizing the water molecules and breaking them down to form a plasma channel, thereby generating a shock wave; S3, the shock wave propagates in the form of a spherical wave, and forms a regular vortex flow under the guidance of the high-voltage electrode output end (403), which initially crushes the ore; S4, the initially crushed ore falls from the upper ore crushing chamber (201) into the lower ore stratification chamber (202) through the screening plate (300), and the ore in the lower ore stratification chamber continues to be crushed and mixed under the action of vortex flow; S5. After being acted upon by multiple shock waves, the ore that has reached the required crushing fineness and uniformity is discharged through the discharge port.

9. A method for ore crushing by horizontal hydroelectric effect according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step S2 also includes injecting an appropriate amount of deionized water into the transverse crushing chamber through the water inlet.

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