Common-edge cutting method of laser cutting machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a common-edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine, which relates to the technical field of laser common-edge cutting and comprises the following steps: S1, workpiece layout; s2, preparing a clamp; s3, table board treatment; s4, clamping the material plate; s5, common-edge cutting operation is carried out; s6, cooling treatment; and S7, cutting is completed. According to the common-edge cutting method of the laser cutting machine, the clamping plate matched with the size of the cut workpiece is designed, coordinate positioning and electromagnetic force adsorption of the clamping plate are matched to clamp a material plate, and the outer contour of the clamping plate and the outer contour of the workpiece are parallel and do not coincide; the laser cutting head can flexibly move above a material plate and a clamping plate along a cutting path to carry out laser edge-sharing cutting, a workpiece cutting part, namely an outer contour, is prevented from being warped due to thermal deformation through clamping, and meanwhile, the temperature can be further reduced by spraying a water body to prevent thermal deformation; and the surfaces of the clamping plates are subjected to slope treatment, so that water can be guided to precisely flow to the outer contour of the workpiece, namely the cutting part, and precise cooling is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser common-edge cutting, and specifically to a common-edge cutting method for a laser cutting machine. Background Art

[0002] Laser common-edge cutting technology is an effective cutting process. By optimizing the layout, parts with the same or similar side lengths are arranged together, and when generating cutting instructions, only one cut is made on the common edge part of the outer contours of these parts. By reasonably arranging the positions of the parts, unnecessary movement and repeated cutting can be reduced. Thus, common-edge cutting can reduce the number of perforations and the average cutting path of each part, thereby improving the overall production efficiency.

[0003] When the existing laser cutting machine performs common-edge cutting on a metal sheet, due to the highly concentrated energy of the laser beam, the cutting part of the sheet will absorb a large amount of heat, inevitably causing thermal deformation and warping. This will reduce the cutting accuracy and result in a deviation between the cutting size and the designed size. For the existing problem of thermal deformation and warping of the sheet, a fixture is used to clamp the sheet, so that the sheet is restricted by the clamping during cutting to prevent thermal deformation. However, this method inevitably makes the fixture easily straddle the sheet or occupy the space above the sheet, thus conflicting with the movement path of the laser cutting head and ultimately complicating the cutting operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a common-edge cutting method for a laser cutting machine, which solves the problems presented in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A common-edge cutting method for a laser cutting machine, the common-edge cutting method for the laser cutting machine includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Workpiece layout:

[0007] Based on the sheet size data and the workpiece size data, perform cutting layout through drawing software, so that the common edges of the outer contours of the workpieces are maximally overlapped and arranged, and mark the cutting path on the drawing;

[0008] S2: Fixture preparation:

[0009] Based on the workpiece size, first prepare splints with the same shape. The splints are arranged on the sheet based on the layout drawing. Each splint corresponds to one workpiece. The outer contour of the splint is one circle smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, specifically 1-3 millimeters. Thus, the outer contour of the splint is parallel to the cutting path and does not interfere with each other;

[0010] S3. Table treatment:

[0011] The workbench for placing the blanking plate is embedded with micro-electromagnets in an array on its surface, and the planar coordinates of each micro-electromagnet are recorded;

[0012] S4. Blanking plate clamping:

[0013] Place the blanking plate after nesting on the surface of the workbench, and then place each clamping plate at the designated position on the surface of the blanking plate according to the position on the nesting drawing, so that the distance between the outer contour of the clamping plate and the outer contour of the workpiece is uniform;

[0014] Then, based on the planar area where each clamping plate is located and the planar coordinates of each micro-electromagnet, start the micro-electromagnets in the same area to generate magnetic adsorption on the clamping plate through the blanking plate, so that the clamping plate firmly clamps the blanking plate on the workbench;

[0015] S5. Common-edge cutting operation:

[0016] Control the three-dimensional movement of the laser cutting head based on the cutting path in the nesting drawing, so that the cutting beam moves along the designed path on the surface of the blanking plate to achieve common-edge cutting, and there is no support interference above the clamping plate during the movement of the laser cutting head.

[0017] Furthermore, in the step S2, the surface in contact with the blanking plate of the clamping plate, that is, the lower surface, is roughened to increase the friction force, and the thickness of the clamping plate does not exceed 1 centimeter.

[0018] Furthermore, in the step S2, the upper surface of the clamping plate is processed into a slope, that is, the height of the middle part of the clamping plate smoothly decreases towards the edge to form a slope.

[0019] Furthermore, in the step S3, each micro-electromagnet is provided with a shielding cover to avoid mutual interference between micro-electromagnets.

[0020] Furthermore, in the step S4, there are at least two micro-electromagnets below each area where the clamping plate is located to magnetically adsorb it.

[0021] Furthermore, in the step S4, the magnetic force of the micro-electromagnet is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current.

[0022] Furthermore, in the step S5, the outer contour of the clamping plate is smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, so that the cutting beam does not come into contact with the clamping plate when the laser cutting head moves along the path.

[0023] Furthermore, the common-edge cutting method of the optical cutting machine further includes the following steps:

[0024] S6. Cooling treatment:

[0025] During the laser common-edge cutting operation, inject cooling water into the nozzle through a pipeline, so that the cooling water is sprayed towards the surface of the blanking plate to cool it.

[0026] Further, when the water body is sprayed onto the surface of the material plate in step S6, it will also be sprayed onto the upper surface of the clamping plate. Based on the smooth slope design of the upper surface of the clamping plate, the water body flows along the slope to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, the cutting path.

[0027] Further, the common-edge cutting method of the optical cutting machine further includes the following steps:

[0028] S7, cutting completion:

[0029] After the laser common-edge cutting operation is completed, first turn off the micro electromagnet and then remove each clamping plate. At this time, separate and recycle the cut workpiece and the remaining waste material plate.

[0030] The present invention provides a laser cutting machine common-edge cutting method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] 1. This laser cutting machine common-edge cutting method, by designing a clamping plate that matches the size of the workpiece after cutting, cooperating with coordinate positioning and electromagnetic force to adsorb the clamping plate to clamp the material plate, and the outer contour of the clamping plate is parallel to but does not coincide with the outer contour of the workpiece, enables the laser cutting head to move flexibly above the material plate and the clamping plate along the cutting path for laser common-edge cutting, and prevents the cut part of the workpiece, that is, the outer contour, from being warped due to heat deformation through clamping. At the same time, the water body can be sprayed to further cool down to prevent heat deformation, and the surface of the clamping plate is treated with a slope to guide the water body to accurately flow to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, the cutting part, to achieve accurate cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the steps of a laser cutting machine common-edge cutting method of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] The following further describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0034] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a laser cutting machine common-edge cutting method, and the laser cutting machine common-edge cutting method includes the following steps:

[0035] S1, workpiece nesting:

[0036] Based on the material plate size data and the workpiece size data, perform cutting nesting through drawing software, so that the common edges of the outer contours of the workpieces are maximally overlapped and arranged, and the cutting path is marked on the drawing;

[0037] S2: fixture preparation:

[0038] First, prepare clamping plates with the same shape based on the workpiece size. The clamping plates are arranged on the material plate according to the layout drawing. Each clamping plate corresponds to a workpiece. The outer contour of the clamping plate is one circle smaller than that of the workpiece, specifically 1 - 3 mm. The outer contour of the workpiece is the cutting path on the material plate, and the outer contour of the clamping plate is smaller than that of the workpiece, so that the outer contour of the clamping plate is parallel to the cutting path and does not interfere with each other;

[0039] The lower surface of the clamping plate that contacts the material plate is roughened to increase friction, and the thickness of the clamping plate does not exceed 1 cm. The upper surface of the clamping plate is treated with a slope, that is, the height of the middle part of the clamping plate smoothly decreases towards the edge to form a slope;

[0040] The roughening treatment can enhance the clamping force of the clamping plate on the material plate, prevent the clamping plate from sliding randomly and causing misalignment, and thus prevent the outer contour of the clamping plate from coinciding with the outer contour of the workpiece and being on the cutting path. The thickness of the clamping plate does not exceed 1 cm and there is no support or driving source for applying downward force above it, thus liberating the space above the clamping plate and facilitating the free movement of the laser cutting head above the material plate without interference;

[0041] S3. Table surface treatment:

[0042] Micro electromagnets are embedded in the surface of the workbench for placing the material plate in an array, and the planar coordinates of each micro electromagnet are recorded. Each micro electromagnet is provided with a shielding cover to avoid mutual interference between micro electromagnets, and the magnetic force of the micro electromagnet is controlled by controlling the magnitude of the current;

[0043] S4. Clamping of the material plate:

[0044] Place the material plate after layout on the surface of the workbench, and then place each clamping plate at the designated position on the surface of the material plate according to the drawing position in the layout drawing, so that the distance between the outer contour of the clamping plate and the outer contour of the workpiece is uniform. At least two micro electromagnets are arranged below each area where the clamping plate is located to magnetically adsorb it. When each clamping plate is magnetically adsorbed, at least two adsorption sources can prevent the clamping plate from slipping and improve the clamping uniformity;

[0045] Then, based on the planar area where each clamping plate is located and the planar coordinates of each micro electromagnet, start the micro electromagnets in the same area to generate magnetic adsorption on the clamping plate through the material plate, so that the clamping plate firmly clamps the material plate on the workbench;

[0046] S5. Common-edge cutting operation:

[0047] Control the three-dimensional movement of the laser cutting head based on the cutting path in the layout drawing, so that the cutting beam moves along the designed path on the surface of the material plate to achieve common-edge cutting. During the movement of the laser cutting head, there is no interference from support objects above the clamping plate;

[0048] Among them, the outer contour of the clamping plate is smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, so that when the laser cutting head moves along the path, the cutting beam does not come into contact with the clamping plate. Since the inner sides of both sides of the outer contour of the clamping plate are clamped by the workbench and the clamping plate, the material plate at the workpiece part is restricted by the clamping plate and the workbench from being thermally deformed by cutting, thus preventing the outer contour of the workpiece from warping due to thermal deformation;

[0049] The common-edge cutting method of the optical cutting machine further includes the following steps:

[0050] S6. Cooling treatment:

[0051] During the laser common-edge cutting operation, cooling water is injected into the nozzle through a pipeline, so that the cooling water is sprayed towards the surface of the material plate to cool it;

[0052] Among them, when the water body is sprayed onto the surface of the material plate, it will also be sprayed onto the upper surface of the clamping plate. Based on the smooth slope design of the upper surface of the clamping plate, the water body flows along the slope to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, on the cutting path, thereby accurately guiding the cooling water, so that it can accurately cool the cutting part;

[0053] The common-edge cutting method of the optical cutting machine further includes the following steps:

[0054] S7. Cutting completion:

[0055] After the laser common-edge cutting operation is completed, first turn off the micro electromagnet and then remove each clamping plate. At this time, separate and recycle the cut workpieces and the remaining waste material plates;

[0056] Based on the above description, the present invention designs a clamping plate that matches the size of the workpiece after cutting, cooperates with coordinate positioning and electromagnetic force to adsorb the clamping plate to clamp the material plate, and the outer contour of the clamping plate is parallel to but does not coincide with the outer contour of the workpiece, so that the laser cutting head can move flexibly above the material plate and the clamping plate along the cutting path for laser common-edge cutting, thus not being affected by the need for a power source or a support member above or on the side when the existing clamping plate clamps, which is likely to interfere with the movement of the cutting head. And through clamping, it prevents the outer contour of the cutting part of the workpiece from warping due to thermal deformation. At the same time, by spraying water, the temperature can be further reduced to prevent thermal deformation, and the surface of the clamping plate is treated with a slope to guide the water body to accurately flow to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, the cutting part, to achieve accurate cooling.

[0057] In summary, for the common-edge cutting method of this laser cutting machine, when in use, first import the size of the material plate into the drawing software, establish a model of the material plate in the software, and then perform cutting nesting based on the size of the workpiece on the model, so that the common edges of the outer contours of the workpieces are maximally overlapped and arranged. After the workpieces are nested, the cutting path is planned based on the outer contours of the workpieces;

[0058] After obtaining the workpiece dimensions and the workpiece nesting drawing, based on the workpiece dimensions, draw the clamping plate drawing with an inner offset of 1 - 3 mm, and fabricate a clamping plate with a thickness not exceeding 1 cm according to the clamping plate drawing. The number of clamping plates is the same as the number of workpieces nested on one sheet of stock plate. The lower surface of the clamping plate is roughened and the upper surface is processed with a smooth slope;

[0059] While the workpiece is being fabricated, the workbench can be processed in parallel. On the surface of the workbench for placing the stock plate, micro - electromagnets are embedded in an array, and the planar coordinates of each micro - electromagnet are recorded. Each micro - electromagnet is provided with a shielding cover to avoid mutual interference between micro - electromagnets;

[0060] After that, place the stock plate on the workbench surface and perform coordinate calibration, that is, adjust the position of the workpiece by moving the stock plate until there is a micro - electromagnet under each workpiece. Then place the clamping plate on the stock plate surface so that the outer contour of the clamping plate is parallel and non - coincident with the outer contour of the workpiece. Then, based on the planar area where each clamping plate is located and the planar coordinates of each micro - electromagnet, activate the micro - electromagnets in the same area to generate magnetic adsorption on the clamping plate through the stock plate, so that the clamping plate firmly clamps the stock plate on the workbench, thereby firmly clamping the edge of the workpiece;

[0061] Then, based on the cutting path in the nesting drawing, control the three - dimensional movement of the laser cutting head so that the cutting beam moves along the designed path on the surface of the stock plate to achieve common - edge cutting. During the movement of the laser cutting head, there is no interference from supporting objects above the clamping plate, and the outer contour of the clamping plate is smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, resulting in no contact between the cutting beam and the clamping plate when the laser cutting head moves along the path;

[0062] During the laser common - edge cutting operation, inject cooling water into the nozzle through a pipeline so that the cooling water is sprayed towards the surface of the stock plate to cool it. When the water body is sprayed onto the surface of the stock plate, it will also be sprayed onto the upper surface of the clamping plate. Based on the smooth slope design of the upper surface of the clamping plate, the water body flows along the slope to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, the cutting path;

[0063] Finally, when the laser common - edge cutting operation is completed, first turn off the micro - electromagnets and then remove each clamping plate. At this time, separate and recycle the cut workpieces and the remaining waste stock plate.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are given for purposes of illustration and description, and are not exhaustive or limit the invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A common edge cutting method for a laser cutting machine, characterized in that: The laser cutting machine common edge cutting method comprises the following steps: S1. Workpiece arrangement: Based on the sheet size data and workpiece size data, cutting layout is performed through drawing software, so that the common edges of the workpiece outer contour can be arranged to maximize overlap, and the cutting path is marked on the drawing; S2: Fixture preparation: Based on the size of the workpiece, the splints of the same shape are first prepared. The splints are arranged on the material plate based on the layout drawing. Each splint corresponds to a workpiece. The outer contour of the splint is smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, specifically 1-3 mm, so that the outer contour of the splint is parallel to the cutting path and does not interfere with each other; S3, countertop treatment: The workbench for placing the material plate has micro electromagnets embedded in an array on its surface, and the plane coordinates of each micro electromagnet are recorded; S4, sheet clamping: Place the panel after layout on the workbench surface, and then place each clamping plate at the specified position on the panel surface according to the layout drawing, so that the distance between the outer contour of the clamping plate and the outer contour of the workpiece is uniform; Then, based on the plane area where each clamping plate is located and the plane coordinates of each micro electromagnet, the micro electromagnet located in the same area is activated to generate magnetic attraction to the clamping plate through the material sheet, so that the clamping plate firmly clamps the material sheet on the workbench; S5, common edge cutting operation: The three-dimensional movement of the laser cutting head is controlled based on the cutting path in the layout drawing, so that the cutting beam moves along the designed path on the surface of the sheet to achieve common edge cutting, and there is no support interference above the clamping plate during the movement of the laser cutting head.

2. The common edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the side of the clamping plate that contacts the material plate, i.e., the lower surface, is roughened to increase friction, and the thickness of the clamping plate does not exceed 1 cm.

3. The common edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the upper surface of the plywood is sloped, that is, the height of the middle of the plywood is smoothly reduced toward the edge to form a slope.

4. The common edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, each micro electromagnet is provided with a shielding cover to avoid mutual interference between the micro electromagnets.

5. The laser cutting machine common edge cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, at least two micro electromagnets are provided below each clamping plate to magnetically adsorb the clamping plate.

6. The common edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the magnetic force of the micro electromagnet is controlled by controlling the current.

7. The common edge cutting method of a laser cutting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the outer contour of the clamping plate is smaller than the outer contour of the workpiece, resulting in the cutting beam not making any contact with the clamping plate when the laser cutting head moves along the path.

8. The laser cutting machine common edge cutting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical cutting machine common edge cutting method also includes the following steps: S6. Cooling treatment: When performing laser common edge cutting operations, cooling water is injected into the nozzle through a pipeline so that the cooling water is sprayed toward the surface of the material plate to cool it.

9. The laser cutting machine common edge cutting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S6, when the water is sprayed onto the surface of the material plate, it will also be sprayed onto the upper surface of the clamping plate. Based on the smooth slope design of the upper surface of the clamping plate, the water flows along the slope to the outer contour of the workpiece, that is, the cutting path.

10. The laser cutting machine common edge cutting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The optical cutting machine common edge cutting method also includes the following steps: S7, cutting completed: After the laser common edge cutting operation is completed, the micro electromagnet is turned off first and then the clamps are removed. At this time, the cut workpieces and the remaining waste boards are separately recovered.

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