A method for processing the bottom plate of a leveling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine. The specific steps of the processing method are as follows: S100, visually inspect the base plate blank to check for cracks and sand holes on the surface; and reserve appropriate processing allowance according to the design dimensions of the base plate; S200, use a horizontal boring and milling machine and select carbide tools to rough machine the base plate blank through multi-tool and multi-edge milling; S300, place the rough-machined base plate in an aging furnace, heat it to 550-600℃ at a rate of 50-60℃ per hour, hold it at that temperature for 4-6 hours, and then slowly cool it to room temperature at a rate of 30-40℃ per hour to eliminate the internal stress generated by rough machining; S400, use a horizontal boring and milling machine to perform semi-finishing treatment on the aging treated base plate; S500, use a vibration aging device to perform vibration aging treatment on the semi-finished base plate; S600, use a high-precision CNC grinding machine and a boring and milling machine to perform finish machining on the vibration-aged base plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of leveling machine processing technology, specifically a method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of the base plate of the leveling machine, the base plate is 4000mm long and 350mm high, and the material is ZG270-500. Ensuring that the final machined product meets the requirements of the drawings places high demands on the skill level of the machine tool and the operator. The precision of the machine tool, the professional skill level of the operator, proper clamping, and appropriate tool feed will all directly affect the final machining accuracy of the base plate.

[0003] An existing invention patent with publication number CN109465605A discloses a processing technology for wear-resistant base plates. The main steps of this process include: blanking, forming, heat treatment, chamfering, and leveling. This processing technology effectively improves the wear resistance of the base plates. The focus of processing the base plates of a leveling machine is not wear resistance, but rather ensuring that the two base plates maintain the same dimensions. In actual processing, the methods for processing leveling machine base plates have the following problems: 1. When using the traditional pressure plate fixing method, the pressure of the pressure plate causes elastic deformation of the base plate. After processing, the release of stress triggers rebound, making it difficult to control flatness and parallelism. The deformation amount usually exceeds 0.1mm, failing to meet high precision requirements. 2. During single-piece processing, clamping errors of different base plates and differences in machine tool thermal deformation lead to poor height dimension consistency, with the height difference between two base plates often exceeding 0.05mm. 3. There is a lack of a staged stress release process. Stress concentration after rough processing is not effectively eliminated, and subsequent processing is prone to deformation due to stress redistribution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine, which solves the problems of deformation control and dimensional consistency in the processing of the base plate through a phased processing technology, innovative support method and stress control technology.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine, the specific steps of which are as follows:

[0007] S100. Conduct a visual inspection of the base plate blank to check for cracks and sand holes on the surface; and reserve appropriate machining allowance according to the base plate design dimensions.

[0008] S200 uses a horizontal boring and milling machine and selects carbide tools to rough machine the base plate blank through multi-tool and multi-edge milling.

[0009] S300. Place the rough-machined base plate in an aging furnace and heat it to 550-600℃ at a rate of 50-60℃ per hour. Hold it at that temperature for 4-6 hours, and then slowly cool it to room temperature at a rate of 30-40℃ per hour to eliminate the internal stress generated by rough machining.

[0010] S400: A horizontal boring and milling machine is used to perform semi-finishing on the base plate after aging treatment;

[0011] S500. The semi-finished base plate is subjected to vibration aging treatment using a vibration aging equipment.

[0012] The S600 uses a high-precision CNC grinding machine and a boring and milling machine to finish the base plate after vibration aging treatment. When the base plate is machined on the boring and milling machine, the base plate is supported by pad blocks and is not fixed by pressure plates to eliminate elastic deformation caused by pressure plates.

[0013] Preferably, in step S200, when rough machining the base plate blank, the spindle speed of the boring and milling machine is set to 180-220 r / min, the feed rate is 0.3-0.5 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 3-5 mm, so that each side of the base plate is rough milled to a single-sided allowance of 3-4 mm. During the rough machining process, coolant is used for cooling and lubrication. The coolant is a water-based cutting fluid with a concentration of 5%-8%. Through the circulation of the coolant, cutting heat and chips are removed, tool wear is reduced, and the surface quality of the machined surface is improved.

[0014] Preferably, the specific steps for semi-finishing the base plate in step S400 are as follows:

[0015] S410. Using an indexable end mill, the boring and milling machine spindle speed is 220-260 r / min, the feed rate is 0.2-0.3 mm / r, the depth of cut is 1-2 mm, and the single-sided allowance is controlled within 1-1.5 mm for rough milling of the base plate; the machining allowance allocation formula is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] in, This is the allowance for one side after semi-finishing. For the first Deformation coefficient of the second processing step. For the first Secondary machining cutting force The elastic modulus of the material. The length of the base plate. The width of the base plate;

[0018] The S420 uses coated carbide end mills. The boring and milling machine spindle speed is 260-300 r / min, the feed rate is 0.1-0.2 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 0.5-1 mm, so that the single-sided allowance reaches 0.3-0.5 mm for finish milling of the base plate. The finish milling adopts constant linear speed control technology. According to the changes in tool diameter and machining position, the spindle speed is automatically adjusted to keep the linear speed of the tool cutting edge constant, thereby ensuring the consistency and smoothness of the machined surface.

[0019] Preferably, in step S500, when performing vibration aging treatment on the base plate, the excitation frequency of the vibration aging equipment is 30-60Hz, and the excitation time is 20-30 minutes, further eliminating residual stress generated during the semi-finishing process; the vibration aging resonance frequency formula is:

[0020]

[0021] in, The excitation frequency, For the stiffness of the base plate, For the quality of the base plate, This is the temperature correction factor. Due to changes in ambient temperature over time, Standard temperature, controlled by Hz achieves residual stress reduction .

[0022] Preferably, the finishing process of the base plate in step S600 is as follows:

[0023] The S610 uses a high-precision CNC grinding machine to process the base plate using grinding technology. Ceramic-bonded grinding wheels with a grit size of 80-100 mesh are selected. During grinding, the wheel linear speed is 30-35 m / s, the table feed speed is 5-10 m / min, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.03 mm, ensuring that the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors of the base plate are ≤0.02 mm. During the grinding process, the grinding wheel is dressed in real time using a diamond roller dresser at a dressing depth of 0.02-0.05 mm and a feed speed of 0.1-0.2 mm / r, ensuring that the grinding wheel always maintains a sharp cutting edge.

[0024] S620. Mark out the area on the worktable of the boring and milling machine to place the two base plates, and install eight pads in each area to place the base plates, ensuring that the upper surfaces of the pads are on the same horizontal plane; then place the two base plates on the pads in the corresponding areas respectively;

[0025] S630. After the base plate is placed stably, use a feeler gauge and light transmission method to check the gap between the base plate and the pad. The feeler gauge should not penetrate more than 0.02 mm. For the light transmission method, use a flashlight to illuminate one side of the pad; if no light is visible on the other side, it is considered acceptable. The cumulative formula for flatness error is:

[0026]

[0027] in, For flatness error, For the first Secondary processing force The length of the base plate. The elastic modulus of the material. Let the moment of inertia of the base plate section be , The coefficient of thermal expansion is... For the first The temperature variation during secondary processing is controlled by this formula. mm;

[0028] The S640 uses a boring process with a precision boring tool. During boring, the spindle speed is 300-350 r / min, and the feed rate is 0.05-0.1 mm / r to ensure the dimensional and positional accuracy of the holes. The hole diameter tolerance is controlled within ±0.01 mm, and the hole spacing tolerance is controlled within ±0.02 mm. This method is used to machine the hole system of the base plate. During the hole system machining process, tool compensation technology is used. By measuring the actual size and wear of the tool, the radius and length of the tool are compensated to improve the machining accuracy of the holes. The formula for calculating the positional accuracy of the hole system is:

[0029]

[0030] in, For hole spacing error, This refers to the three-coordinate positioning error. This refers to the perpendicularity deviation of the machine tool spindle. The hole center distance is used to control the hole spacing tolerance using this formula. mm.

[0031] This also includes step S700, which involves using a coordinate measuring machine to comprehensively inspect the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and positional accuracy of the base plate; if the inspection results exceed the tolerance range, corrections are made by hand scraping or micro-grinding according to the deviation, until all accuracy indicators of the base plate meet the design requirements; the dimensional compensation formula during the inspection and correction process is:

[0032]

[0033] in, This is the corrected height. This is the actual measured height. For the first Deformation during processing. For the first Length of the processing area This is the total length of the base plate. For the first The local elastic modulus of the material is used to achieve the accuracy of height dimension correction through this formula. mm.

[0034] Preferably, the pad in step S600 includes a support block, a clamping head is provided below the support block, and the support block and the clamping head are connected by a clamping bolt.

[0035] Preferably, the support block has a second countersunk hole in the middle, the clamp head has a T-shaped cross-section, and the top of the clamp head has a second threaded groove. The clamping bolt passes through the second countersunk hole and is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole of the clamp head. The top surface of the clamping bolt is lower than the upper surface of the support block.

[0036] Preferably, the pad further includes a bottom support plate, and adjusting screws are rotatably connected to both sides of the support block. The bottom end of the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the bottom support plate, and the top end of the adjusting screw is lower than the upper surface of the support block.

[0037] Preferably, the support block has symmetrically arranged first countersunk holes on both sides, with a bearing at the bottom of the first countersunk hole. The top of the adjusting screw has an adapter shaft, which is interference-fitted with the bearing. The top of the adapter shaft has a bolt head for rotating the adjusting screw. The bottom support plate has a through hole in the middle for tightening the bolt through the bottom support plate. The bottom of the support block has symmetrically arranged slots on both sides, and the top surface of the bottom support plate has symmetrically arranged insertion blocks on both sides. The top center of the insertion block has a first threaded groove, and the adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the first threaded groove.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0039] 1. This invention allows for the simultaneous processing of two blanks on a gantry milling machine, thus solving the problem of dimensional differences in traditional single-piece processing. Furthermore, by adopting a phased allowance release and natural support without pressure plates, the deformation of the base plate is controlled within 0.02mm, and the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors are ≤0.02mm.

[0040] 2. This invention reduces the difficulty of subsequent processing by repeatedly turning and correcting deformation during the semi-finishing stage; the finishing process uses a polishing blade disc to achieve a surface finish of Ra1.6 in one pass, avoiding secondary polishing.

[0041] 3. This invention ensures support accuracy by detecting the coplanarity of the pad blocks and using the feeler gauge light transmission method, reducing reliance on operator experience and improving processing reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the processing method of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a top view of the pad of the present invention installed on the worktable of a boring and milling machine;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pad block of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the support block of the present invention from a front-end oblique downward view.

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the support block of the present invention from a rear-end tilting angle.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bottom support plate of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting screw of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the card head of the present invention.

[0050] In the diagram: 1. Support block; 11. First countersunk hole; 12. Bearing; 13. Second countersunk hole; 14. Slot; 2. Base support plate; 21. Insertion block; 22. First threaded groove; 23. Through hole; 3. Adjusting screw; 31. Adapter shaft; 32. Bolt head; 4. Clamping head; 41. Second threaded groove; 5. Clamping bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0051] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0052] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, provides further details:

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine is described, and the specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0055] S100. Conduct a visual inspection of the base plate blank to check for cracks and sand holes on the surface; and reserve an appropriate machining allowance according to the base plate design dimensions, with the machining allowance on one side controlled between 5-7mm; the material of the base plate blank is ZG270-500.

[0056] The S200 uses a horizontal boring and milling machine with carbide cutting tools to rough-machine the base plate blank using a multi-tool, multi-edge milling method. During rough machining, the spindle speed of the boring and milling machine is set to 180-220 r / min, the feed rate is 0.3-0.5 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 3-5 mm, rough-milling each side of the base plate to a single-sided allowance of 3-4 mm. Coolant is used for cooling and lubrication during rough machining. A water-based cutting fluid with a concentration of 5%-8% is used. The circulating coolant removes cutting heat and chips, reduces tool wear, and improves the surface finish.

[0057] S300. Place the rough-machined base plate in an aging furnace and heat it to 550-600℃ at a rate of 50-60℃ per hour. Hold it at that temperature for 4-6 hours, and then slowly cool it to room temperature at a rate of 30-40℃ per hour to eliminate the internal stress generated by rough machining.

[0058] S400. A horizontal boring and milling machine is used to perform semi-finishing on the base plate after aging treatment. The specific steps for semi-finishing the base plate are as follows:

[0059] S410. Using an indexable end mill, the boring and milling machine spindle speed is 220-260 r / min, the feed rate is 0.2-0.3 mm / r, the depth of cut is 1-2 mm, and the single-sided allowance is controlled within 1-1.5 mm for rough milling of the base plate; the machining allowance allocation formula is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] in, This refers to the single-sided allowance (mm) after semi-finishing. For the first Deformation coefficient of secondary processing , For the first Secondary machining cutting force (N), For the elastic modulus of the material GPa), The length of the base plate is in mm. The width of the base plate is in mm.

[0062] The S420 uses coated carbide end mills. The boring and milling machine spindle speed is 260-300 r / min, the feed rate is 0.1-0.2 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 0.5-1 mm, so that the single-sided allowance reaches 0.3-0.5 mm for finish milling of the base plate. The finish milling adopts constant linear speed control technology. According to the changes in tool diameter and machining position, the spindle speed is automatically adjusted to keep the linear speed of the tool cutting edge constant, thereby ensuring the consistency and smoothness of the machined surface.

[0063] S500. The semi-finished base plate is subjected to vibration aging treatment using a vibration aging device. During vibration aging treatment, the excitation frequency of the device is 30-60Hz, and the excitation time is 20-30 minutes to further eliminate residual stress generated during semi-finishing. The vibration aging resonance frequency formula is:

[0064]

[0065] in, The excitation frequency (Hz) The base plate stiffness (N / m) The weight of the base plate is (kg). Temperature correction factor ( ℃ , The change in ambient temperature over time (°C) The standard temperature (20℃) is controlled by Hz achieves residual stress reduction .

[0066] S600: The base plate after vibration aging treatment is precision machined using a high-precision CNC grinding machine and a boring and milling machine. During the boring and milling process, the base plate is supported by pads instead of pressure plates to eliminate elastic deformation caused by pressure. The precision machining steps for the base plate are as follows:

[0067] The S610 uses a high-precision CNC grinding machine to process the base plate using grinding technology. Ceramic-bonded grinding wheels with a grit size of 80-100 mesh are selected. During grinding, the wheel linear speed is 30-35 m / s, the table feed speed is 5-10 m / min, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.03 mm, ensuring that the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors of the base plate are ≤0.02 mm. During the grinding process, the grinding wheel is dressed in real time using a diamond roller dresser at a dressing depth of 0.02-0.05 mm and a feed speed of 0.1-0.2 mm / r, ensuring that the grinding wheel always maintains a sharp cutting edge.

[0068] S620. Define the areas on the workbench of the boring and milling machine for placing two base plates, and install eight cushion blocks in each area where the base plates are placed (the placement method of the cushion blocks is as shown in Figure 2 ), and ensure that the upper surfaces of the cushion blocks are on the same horizontal plane; then place the two base plates on the cushion blocks in the corresponding areas respectively;

[0069] S630. After the base plates are placed stably, use a feeler gauge and the light transmission method to detect the gap between the base plates and the cushion blocks. The feeler gauge of 0.02 mm cannot be inserted; for the light transmission method, use a flashlight to illuminate on one side of the cushion block, and if no light can be seen on the other side of the cushion block, it is considered qualified; the flatness error accumulation formula is:

[0070]

[0071] Where, is the flatness error (mm), is the th machining force (N), is the length of the base plate (4000 mm), is the elastic modulus of the material (210 GPa), <?? is the moment of inertia of the base plate cross-section (mm , is the coefficient of thermal expansion ([[]] , is the th machining temperature change (°C), and control mm through this formula.

[0072] S640. Adopt the boring process, use a precision boring tool, and the spindle speed during boring is 300 - 350 r / min, and the feed rate is 0.05 - 0.1 mm / r to ensure the dimensional accuracy and position accuracy of the holes. The hole diameter tolerance is controlled within ±0.01 mm, and the hole pitch tolerance is controlled within ±0.02 mm. Process the hole system of the base plate in this way; during the hole system processing, adopt the tool compensation technology, measure the actual size and wear condition of the tool, and compensate the radius and length of the tool to improve the machining accuracy of the holes; the hole system position accuracy calculation formula is:

[0073]

[0074] Where, is the hole pitch error (mm), is the three-coordinate positioning error (mm), is the deviation of the machine tool spindle perpendicularity (°), is the hole center distance (mm), and control the hole pitch tolerance mm through this formula.

[0075] Example 2 <??

[0076] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine is described, and the specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0077] S100. Conduct a visual inspection of the base plate blank to check for cracks and sand holes on the surface; and reserve an appropriate machining allowance according to the base plate design dimensions, with the machining allowance on one side controlled between 5-7mm; the material of the base plate blank is ZG270-500.

[0078] The S200 uses a horizontal boring and milling machine with carbide cutting tools to rough-machine the base plate blank using a multi-tool, multi-edge milling method. During rough machining, the spindle speed of the boring and milling machine is set to 180-220 r / min, the feed rate is 0.3-0.5 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 3-5 mm, rough-milling each side of the base plate to a single-sided allowance of 3-4 mm. Coolant is used for cooling and lubrication during rough machining. A water-based cutting fluid with a concentration of 5%-8% is used. The circulating coolant removes cutting heat and chips, reduces tool wear, and improves the surface finish.

[0079] S300. Place the rough-machined base plate in an aging furnace and heat it to 550-600℃ at a rate of 50-60℃ per hour. Hold it at that temperature for 4-6 hours, and then slowly cool it to room temperature at a rate of 30-40℃ per hour to eliminate the internal stress generated by rough machining.

[0080] S400. A horizontal boring and milling machine is used to perform semi-finishing on the base plate after aging treatment. The specific steps for semi-finishing the base plate are as follows:

[0081] S410. Using an indexable end mill, the boring and milling machine spindle speed is 220-260 r / min, the feed rate is 0.2-0.3 mm / r, the depth of cut is 1-2 mm, and the single-sided allowance is controlled within 1-1.5 mm for rough milling of the base plate; the machining allowance allocation formula is as follows:

[0082]

[0083] in, This refers to the single-sided allowance (mm) after semi-finishing. For the first Deformation coefficient of secondary processing , For the first Secondary machining cutting force (N), For the elastic modulus of the material GPa), The length of the base plate is in mm. The width of the base plate is in mm.

[0084] The S420 uses coated carbide end mills. The boring and milling machine spindle speed is 260-300 r / min, the feed rate is 0.1-0.2 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 0.5-1 mm, so that the single-sided allowance reaches 0.3-0.5 mm for finish milling of the base plate. The finish milling adopts constant linear speed control technology. According to the changes in tool diameter and machining position, the spindle speed is automatically adjusted to keep the linear speed of the tool cutting edge constant, thereby ensuring the consistency and smoothness of the machined surface.

[0085] S500. The semi-finished base plate is subjected to vibration aging treatment using a vibration aging device. During vibration aging treatment, the excitation frequency of the device is 30-60Hz, and the excitation time is 20-30 minutes to further eliminate residual stress generated during semi-finishing. The vibration aging resonance frequency formula is:

[0086]

[0087] in, The excitation frequency (Hz) The base plate stiffness (N / m) The weight of the base plate is (kg). Temperature correction factor ( ℃ , The change in ambient temperature over time (°C) The standard temperature (20℃) is controlled by Hz achieves residual stress reduction .

[0088] S600: The base plate after vibration aging treatment is precision machined using a high-precision CNC grinding machine and a boring and milling machine. During the boring and milling process, the base plate is supported by pads instead of pressure plates to eliminate elastic deformation caused by pressure. The precision machining steps for the base plate are as follows:

[0089] The S610 uses a high-precision CNC grinding machine to process the base plate using grinding technology. Ceramic-bonded grinding wheels with a grit size of 80-100 mesh are selected. During grinding, the wheel linear speed is 30-35 m / s, the table feed speed is 5-10 m / min, and the grinding depth is 0.01-0.03 mm, ensuring that the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors of the base plate are ≤0.02 mm. During the grinding process, the grinding wheel is dressed in real time using a diamond roller dresser at a dressing depth of 0.02-0.05 mm and a feed speed of 0.1-0.2 mm / r, ensuring that the grinding wheel always maintains a sharp cutting edge.

[0090] S620. Define the areas on the workbench of the boring and milling machine for placing two base plates, and install eight cushion blocks in each area for placing the base plates (the placement method of the cushion blocks is as shown in Figure 2 ), and ensure that the upper surfaces of the cushion blocks are on the same horizontal plane; then place the two base plates on the cushion blocks in the corresponding areas respectively;

[0091] S630. After the base plates are placed stably, use a feeler gauge and the light transmission method to detect the gap between the base plates and the cushion blocks. The feeler gauge of 0.02 mm cannot enter; for the light transmission method, use a flashlight to illuminate on one side of the cushion block, and if no light can be seen on the other side of the cushion block, it is considered qualified; the flatness error accumulation formula is:

[0092]

[0093] where, is the flatness error (mm), is the th machining force (N), is the length of the base plate (4000 mm), [[ID=​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​S700. Use a coordinate measuring machine to comprehensively inspect the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and positional accuracy of the base plate. If the inspection results exceed the tolerance range, correct them by hand scraping or micro-grinding, depending on the deviation, until all accuracy indicators of the base plate meet the design requirements. The dimensional compensation formula during inspection and correction is:

[0098]

[0099] in, This is the corrected height (mm). The measured height is in mm. For the first Processing deformation amount (mm), For the first Length of the processing area (mm), The total length of the base plate is 4000mm. For the first The local elastic modulus (GPa) of the material is used to achieve the accuracy of height dimension correction through this formula. mm.

[0100] Example 3

[0101] like Figure 3 As shown, a pad block for processing the base plate of a leveling machine is provided. The pad block includes a support block 1, and a clamping head 4 is provided below the support block 1. The support block 1 and the clamping head 4 are connected by a clamping bolt 5. The clamping head 4 can be easily engaged in the groove of the worktable, so that the support block 1 is pressed on the worktable of the boring and milling machine by tightening the clamping bolt 5, thus ensuring the stable use of the support block 1.

[0102] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the support block 1 has a second countersunk hole 13 in the middle, which facilitates the passage of the clamping bolt 5 through the support block 1. The clamping head 4 has a T-shaped cross-section, and the top of the clamping head 4 has a second threaded groove 41. The clamping bolt 5 passes through the second countersunk hole 13 and is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole of the clamping head 4. This structure facilitates a stable connection between the support block 1 and the clamping head 4. The top surface of the clamping bolt 5 is lower than the upper surface of the support block 1 to prevent the top of the clamping bolt from affecting the flatness of the base plate.

[0103] Example 4

[0104] like Figure 3 As shown, a pad block for processing the base plate of a leveling machine is provided. The pad block includes a support block 1, and a clamping head 4 is provided below the support block 1. The support block 1 and the clamping head 4 are connected by a clamping bolt 5. The clamping head 4 can be easily engaged in the groove of the worktable, so that the support block 1 is pressed on the worktable of the boring and milling machine by tightening the clamping bolt 5, thus ensuring the stable use of the support block 1.

[0105] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the support block 1 has a second countersunk hole 13 in the middle, which facilitates the passage of the clamping bolt 5 through the support block 1. The clamping head 4 has a T-shaped cross-section, and the top of the clamping head 4 has a second threaded groove 41. The clamping bolt 5 passes through the second countersunk hole 13 and is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole of the clamping head 4. This structure facilitates a stable connection between the support block 1 and the clamping head 4. The top surface of the clamping bolt 5 is lower than the upper surface of the support block 1 to prevent the top of the clamping bolt from affecting the flatness of the base plate.

[0106] like Figure 3 As shown, the pad also includes a bottom support plate 2, and the two sides of the support block 1 are rotatably connected with adjusting screws 3. The bottom end of the adjusting screw 3 is threadedly connected to the bottom support plate 2, and the top end of the adjusting screw 3 is lower than the upper surface of the support block 1. This structure makes it easy to adjust the position of the upper surface of the support block 1, so that the height of multiple support blocks 1 can be adjusted to be the same, so that multiple support blocks 1 are on the same plane.

[0107] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the support block 1 has symmetrically arranged first countersunk holes 11 on both sides, and bearings 12 are provided at the bottom of the first countersunk holes 11. The cooperation between the first countersunk holes 11 and the bearings 12 facilitates the rotation of the support block 1 and the adjusting screw 3. The top of the adjusting screw 3 has a transition shaft 31, which is interference-fitted with the bearing 12, facilitating the adjustment of the height of the base plate 2 by the adjusting screw 3. The top of the transition shaft 31 has a bolt head 32 for rotating the adjusting screw 3; the middle of the base plate 2 has a through hole 23 for tightening the bolt 5 through the base plate 2; the bottom of the support block 1 has symmetrically arranged slots 14 on both sides, which facilitate the stable connection between the base plate 2 and the support block 1. The upper surface of the base plate 2 has symmetrically arranged insertion blocks 21 on both sides, and the top center of the insertion block 21 has a first threaded groove 22. The adjusting screw 3 is threadedly connected to the first threaded groove 22, facilitating the adjustment of the base plate 2 by rotating the adjusting screw 3.

[0108] Installation method: When using, assemble the required support blocks according to the support needs. Then, adjust the screw 3 to ensure that the upper surfaces of the support blocks 1 are all on the same plane. Next, engage the chuck 4 into the slot on the boring and milling machine's worktable and move the entire support block to the designated position. Then, tighten the clamping bolt 5 to stabilize the support block on the boring and milling machine's worktable. Afterward, measure the upper surface of the support blocks 1 again to ensure that they are all on the same plane. If they are not on the same plane, fine-tune using the adjusting screw 3.

[0109] In summary, compared with existing technologies, this application solves the problem of dimensional differences in traditional single-piece machining by simultaneously placing two blanks to be machined on a gantry milling machine. Furthermore, by employing staged allowance release and natural support without pressure plates, the deformation of the base plate is controlled within 0.02mm, and the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors are ≤0.02mm. Multiple rework corrections during the semi-finishing stage reduce the difficulty of subsequent machining. Finishing uses a finishing cutter head to achieve a Ra1.6 surface finish in a single pass, avoiding secondary polishing. Support accuracy is ensured through shim coplanarity testing and feeler gauge illumination, reducing reliance on operator experience and improving machining reliability.

[0110] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine, characterized in that, The specific steps of this processing method are as follows: S100. Conduct an appearance inspection on the blank floorboard to check whether there are cracks and sand hole defects on the surface; and reserve appropriate machining allowances according to the design dimensions of the floorboard; S200. Use a horizontal boring and milling machine, select carbide cutting tools, and rough-machine the blank floorboard by multi-tool and multi-edge milling; S300. Place the rough-machined floorboard in an aging treatment furnace, heat it up to 550 - 600 °C at a rate of 50 - 60 °C per hour, hold for 4 - 6 hours, and then slowly cool it to room temperature at a rate of 30 - 40 °C per hour to eliminate the internal stress generated during rough machining; S400. Use a horizontal boring and milling machine to semi-finish the floorboard after aging treatment; S500. Conduct vibration aging treatment on the semi-finished floorboard using a vibration aging device; S600. Use a high-precision CNC grinding machine and a boring and milling machine to finish-machine the floorboard after vibration aging treatment. When machining the floorboard on the boring and milling machine, support the floorboard by using a spacer support method and do not use a pressing plate to fix it to eliminate the elastic deformation caused by the pressure of the pressing plate; The steps for finish-machining the floorboard are as follows: S610. Use a high-precision CNC grinding machine to machine the floorboard by grinding process; select a ceramic bond grinding wheel with a grinding wheel grit size of 80 - 100 mesh. During grinding, the grinding wheel linear speed is 30 - 35 m / s, the workbench feed speed is 5 - 10 m / min, and the grinding depth is 0.01 - 0.03 mm, ensuring that the flatness, parallelism, and perpendicularity errors of the floorboard are ≤ 0.02 mm; during the grinding process,修整 the grinding wheel in real time. Use a diamond roller dresser to dress the grinding wheel with a dressing depth of 0.02 - 0.05 mm and a feed speed of 0.1 - 0.2 mm / r to ensure that the grinding wheel always maintains a sharp cutting edge; S620. Mark the area on the workbench of the boring and milling machine for placing two floorboards, and install eight spacers in each area for placing the floorboard, and ensure that the upper surfaces of the spacers are on the same horizontal plane; then place the two floorboards on the spacers in the corresponding areas respectively; S630. After the floorboard is placed stably, use a feeler gauge and the light transmission method to detect the gap between the floorboard and the spacer. The feeler gauge of 0.02 cannot enter; for the light transmission method, shine a flashlight on one side of the spacer, and if no light can be seen on the other side of the spacer, it is considered qualified. The flatness error accumulation formula is: in, For flatness error, For the first Secondary processing force The length of the base plate. The elastic modulus of the material. Let the moment of inertia of the base plate section be , The coefficient of thermal expansion is For the first The temperature variation during secondary processing is controlled by this formula. mm; S640. Use a boring process and a precision boring tool. During boring, the spindle speed is 300 - 350 r / min, and the feed rate is 0.05 - 0.1 mm / r to ensure the dimensional accuracy and position accuracy of the holes. The hole diameter tolerance is controlled within ±0.01 mm, and the hole pitch tolerance is controlled within ±0.02 mm. Machining the hole system of the floorboard in this way; during the hole system machining process, use the tool compensation technology to compensate the radius and length of the tool by measuring the actual size and wear condition of the tool to improve the machining accuracy of the holes. The hole system position accuracy calculation formula is: in, For hole spacing error, This refers to the three-coordinate positioning error. This refers to the perpendicularity deviation of the machine tool spindle. The hole center distance is used to control the hole spacing tolerance using this formula. mm.

2. The method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S200, during the rough machining of the base plate blank, the spindle speed of the boring and milling machine is set to 180-220 r / min, the feed rate is 0.3-0.5 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 3-5 mm. The base plate is rough milled to a single-sided allowance of 3-4 mm. During the rough machining process, coolant is used for cooling and lubrication. Water-based cutting fluid with a concentration of 5%-8% is selected as the coolant. Through the circulation of the coolant, cutting heat and chips are removed, tool wear is reduced, and the surface quality of the machined surface is improved.

3. The method for processing the bottom plate of a leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps for the semi-finishing process of the base plate in step S400 are as follows: S410. Using an indexable end mill, the boring and milling machine spindle speed is 220-260 r / min, the feed rate is 0.2-0.3 mm / r, the depth of cut is 1-2 mm, and the single-sided allowance is controlled within 1-1.5 mm for rough milling of the base plate; the machining allowance allocation formula is as follows: in, This is the allowance for one side after semi-finishing. For the first Deformation coefficient of the second processing step. For the first Secondary machining cutting force The elastic modulus of the material. The length of the base plate. The width of the base plate; The S420 uses coated carbide end mills. The boring and milling machine spindle speed is 260-300 r / min, the feed rate is 0.1-0.2 mm / r, and the depth of cut is 0.5-1 mm, so that the single-sided allowance reaches 0.3-0.5 mm for finish milling of the base plate. The finish milling adopts constant linear speed control technology. According to the changes in tool diameter and machining position, the spindle speed is automatically adjusted to keep the linear speed of the tool cutting edge constant, thereby ensuring the consistency and smoothness of the machined surface.

4. The method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S500, when the base plate undergoes vibration aging treatment, the excitation frequency of the vibration aging equipment is 30-60Hz, and the excitation time is 20-30 minutes, further eliminating residual stress generated during the semi-finishing process; the vibration aging resonance frequency formula is: in, The excitation frequency, For the stiffness of the base plate, For the quality of the base plate, This is the temperature correction factor. Due to changes in ambient temperature over time, Standard temperature, controlled by Hz achieves residual stress reduction .

5. A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, This also includes step S700, which involves using a coordinate measuring machine to comprehensively inspect the dimensional accuracy, shape accuracy, and positional accuracy of the base plate; if the inspection results exceed the tolerance range, corrections are made by hand scraping or micro-grinding according to the deviation, until all accuracy indicators of the base plate meet the design requirements; the dimensional compensation formula during the inspection and correction process is: in, This is the corrected height. This is the actual measured height. For the first Deformation during processing. For the first Length of the processing area This is the total length of the base plate. For the first The local elastic modulus of the material is used to achieve the accuracy of height dimension correction through this formula. mm.

6. The method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pad in step S600 includes a support block (1), a clamping head (4) is provided below the support block (1), and the support block (1) and the clamping head (4) are connected by a clamping bolt (5).

7. A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support block (1) has a second countersunk hole (13) in the middle. The clamp head (4) has a T-shaped cross section and a second threaded groove (41) at the top of the clamp head (4). The clamping bolt (5) passes through the second countersunk hole (13) and is threadedly connected to the second threaded hole of the clamp head (4). The top surface of the clamping bolt (5) is lower than the upper surface of the support block (1).

8. A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 6, characterized in that, The pad also includes a bottom support plate (2), and the support block (1) is rotatably connected to both sides by an adjusting screw (3). The bottom end of the adjusting screw (3) is threadedly connected to the bottom support plate (2), and the top end of the adjusting screw (3) is lower than the upper surface of the support block (1).

9. A method for processing the base plate of a leveling machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support block (1) has symmetrical first countersunk holes (11) on both sides, and a bearing (12) is provided at the bottom of the first countersunk hole (11). The top of the adjusting screw (3) is provided with a transition shaft (31), which is interference-fitted with the bearing (12). The top of the transition shaft (31) is provided with a bolt head (32) for rotating the adjusting screw (3). The bottom support plate (2) has a through hole (23) in the middle for tightening the bolt (5) through the bottom support plate (2). The support block (1) has symmetrical slots (14) on both sides of the bottom. The bottom support plate (2) has symmetrical plug blocks (21) on both sides of the upper surface. The top of the plug block (21) is provided with a first threaded groove (22), and the adjusting screw (3) is threadedly connected to the first threaded groove (22).

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