Seawater desalination integrated process system based on waste heat utilization

Abstract

The invention discloses a seawater desalination integrated process system based on waste heat utilization, and belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment. Comprising a supporting seat, the supporting seat is fixedly connected with an evaporation tank, the inner wall of the evaporation tank is fixedly connected with a heating pipe, an electronic floating ball is installed in the evaporation tank, a filling assembly is arranged in the evaporation tank, the filling assembly comprises a first filling shell, the first filling shell is fixedly connected to the bottom in the evaporation tank, and the first filling shell is fixedly connected with a second filling shell. The first filling shell is slidably connected with a second filling shell in a sealing and limiting manner, a first tension spring is mounted between the first filling shell and the second filling shell, and an electric push rod is fixedly connected in the evaporation tank. The space for containing seawater in the evaporation tank is changed through the filling assembly, the fluctuation range of the water line of the seawater is reduced, then the coverage range of the annular scaling belt is reduced, the influence of the annular scaling belt on heating of the seawater on the evaporation tank is reduced, and meanwhile due to the fact that the position of the annular scaling belt is concentrated, cleaning is easier through a mechanical cleaning technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Background Technique

[0002] Currently, seawater desalination treatment technologies are mainly divided into two types. One is the membrane filtration method that filters seawater through a semi-permeable membrane, and the other is the thermal distillation method that heats seawater through low-temperature distillation technology to evaporate and then condense the seawater to obtain fresh water (usually the salt content of seawater needs to be concentrated from the initial 35 g / L to 70 g / L). During the evaporation process of the thermal distillation method, since the evaporation rate of the water on the surface of the seawater is much higher than that of the lower layer of the seawater, during the evaporation process of the seawater, the salt concentration on the surface of the seawater will rapidly increase within a short period of time. This concentration change makes it extremely easy for salt scale crystals to form at the position where the inner wall of the low-temperature distillation tank contacts the water surface, while less such precipitation occurs in the lower layer of the seawater. Moreover, as the distillation process continues, the water level in the low-temperature distillation tank will continuously drop. This dynamic change causes the scaling area to spread from the local area to the surface of the tank body passed by the seawater liquid level, forming an annular scaling zone with an increasing area. The annular scaling zone will not only form a heat insulation layer, reducing the heating efficiency of the low-temperature distillation tank for seawater, but also bring trouble to subsequent maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantages that in the existing seawater distillation process, an annular scaling zone will be formed due to the water level change, affecting the heat transfer efficiency of the seawater and making subsequent maintenance difficult, the present invention provides an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization.

[0004] Technical Solution: The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization includes a support base. The support base is fixedly connected with an evaporation tank. A heating pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank. An electronic float ball is installed in the evaporation tank. A filling component is arranged in the evaporation tank. The filling component includes a first filling shell fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the evaporation tank. The first filling shell is hermetically and limitably slidably connected with a second filling shell, and a first tension spring is installed between the two. The second filling shell is hermetically and limitably slidably connected with a third filling shell, and a second tension spring is installed between the two. The third filling shell is hermetically and limitably slidably connected with a fourth filling shell, and a third tension spring is installed between the two. An electric push rod is fixedly connected in the evaporation tank. The electric push rod is located in the first filling shell. The telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected with the fourth filling shell. A conduction pipe and a gas distribution shell are fixedly connected in the evaporation tank. A spray head is fixedly connected to the conduction pipe. A waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater by using the steam generated in the evaporation tank is arranged in the filling component.

[0005] Further explanation: The gas separation shell is provided with an air inlet and a separation chamber, the evaporation tank is provided with a diversion chamber, the air inlet, the separation chamber and the diversion chamber are connected in sequence, the separation chamber is used for separating water vapor and liquid droplets therein, and the diversion chamber is connected to the inlet of an external compression pump.

[0006] Further explanation: The waste heat utilization mechanism includes four diversion pipes, which are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell. The inner walls of the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all fixed with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe. The inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively fixed and connected to both ends of the diversion pipe and are in communication. The outlet pipe is in communication with the outside, the conduction pipe is in communication with the outlet of an external compression pump, four communication holes are arranged longitudinally and spaced apart on the conduction pipe, and the conduction pipe is provided with a communication component for respectively communicating the four communication holes with the corresponding diversion pipes.

[0007] Further explanation: The elastic coefficient of the first tension spring is less than that of the second tension spring, and the elastic coefficient of the second tension spring is less than that of the third tension spring.

[0008] Further explanation: The first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all provided with a liquid guide chamber. The inlet pipe is connected to the conduction pipe through the corresponding liquid guide chamber. The first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all fixed with a liquid discharge head, and the liquid discharge head is used for communicating the liquid guide chamber and the outside.

[0009] Further explanation: The communication component includes four mounting brackets arranged longitudinally and spaced apart. The mounting brackets are fixed at the corresponding communication holes of the conduction pipe. The mounting brackets are slidably connected with a plugging block, and a first spring is installed between the two. The plugging block is used for plugging the corresponding communication hole. The first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all slidably connected with an extrusion cone head, and the extrusion cone head is used for extruding the plugging block. Second springs are fixed between the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell and the corresponding extrusion cone heads respectively.

[0010] Further explanation: The fourth filling shell is provided with a shielding part, and the shielding part is used for plugging the communication hole on the conduction pipe above the first filling shell.

[0011] Further explanation: The gas separation shell is fixed with a liquid guide ring, and the liquid guide ring is provided with liquid guiding tips evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The liquid guiding tips are used for guiding the seawater sprayed out by the spray head to drip downward.

[0012] Further description, it also includes a pumping mechanism for extracting seawater in the evaporation tank, the pumping mechanism is arranged on the evaporation tank, the pumping mechanism includes pumping columns uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the pumping columns are sealed and rotatably connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank, the pumping column is located between the evaporation tank and the first filling shell, a pumping pipe and a liquid injection pipe are arranged in the pumping column, the liquid injection pipe is provided with one-way nozzles distributed at longitudinal intervals, the pumping column is provided with pumping holes distributed at longitudinal intervals, the pumping holes are connected to adjacent pumping pipes, a motor is fixedly connected under the support seat, and the output shaft of the motor is driven by all the pumping columns through a gear set.

[0013] To further illustrate, the angle between the projection of the axis of the unidirectional nozzle on the horizontal plane and the projection of the axis of the liquid extraction hole on the same liquid extraction column is less than 180° and greater than 90°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention changes the space for holding seawater in the evaporation tank through the filling component, reduces the fluctuation range of the water level of the seawater, thereby reducing the coverage of the annular scaling belt, and reducing the influence of the annular scaling belt on the heating of the seawater by the evaporation tank. At the same time, because the annular scaling belt is located in a concentrated position, it is easier to use a mechanical cleaning technology to clean it. When using a chemical to clean the scale in the evaporation tank, the space for holding the cleaning liquid in the evaporation tank is reduced by the filling component. Compared with the existing device, the amount of cleaning chemical required for cleaning the scale is reduced, which is more conducive to environmental protection needs.

[0015] The present invention heats seawater from the inside by passing compressed steam into a conducting pipe and a flow guide pipe, thereby improving the utilization rate of steam waste heat and reducing dependence on external heat sources. At the same time, because the condensation point of the compressed steam is increased, the steam is easier to condense in the process of heating the seawater, and heat is released when the steam condenses, which is more conducive to increasing the temperature of the surrounding seawater.

[0016] The present invention drives the surrounding seawater to rotate by the liquid pumping column, and the one-way nozzle and the liquid pumping hole make the surrounding seawater move irregularly, thereby reducing the probability of scaling of the lower seawater on the inner wall of the evaporation tank and improving the heat exchange efficiency between the seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporation tank of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the evaporation tank and the electronic float of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support seat and the liquid extraction column of the present invention; Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a third filling shell and a fourth filling shell of the present invention; Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the fourth filling shell and the conduction pipe of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the gas distribution shell and the liquid guide ring of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in Figure 9 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the diversion pipe and the inlet pipe of the present invention; Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the liquid extraction column of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the conduction pipe and the spray head of the present invention; Figure 12 System diagram of the present invention.

[0018] In the attached drawings: 1: support base, 2: evaporation tank, 21: heating pipe, 201: air inlet, 202: separation chamber, 203: diversion chamber, 3: electronic float ball, 4: filling assembly, 41: first filling shell, 411: first pull spring, 42: second filling shell, 421: second pull spring, 43: third filling shell, 431: third pull spring, 44: fourth filling shell, 441: electric push rod, 442: shielding part, 45: diversion pipe, 451: inlet pipe, 452: outlet pipe, 453: liquid guide chamber, 454: liquid discharge head, 46: mounting bracket, 461: plugging block, 462: first spring, 47: extrusion cone head, 471: second spring, 5: conduction pipe, 6: spray head, 7: gas distribution shell, 71: liquid guide ring, 711: liquid guiding tip, 8: liquid extraction column, 81: liquid extraction pipeline, 82: liquid injection pipeline, 83: one-way spray head, 84: liquid extraction hole, 9: motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the presently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Embodiment 1

[0020] This embodiment discloses an integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization. Compared with the prior art, this system has multiple advantages such as restricting the scaling range of the annular scaling layer to reduce the scale removal difficulty, reducing the usage amount of scale removal agents, and improving the waste heat utilization rate of steam.

[0021] Refer to Figures 1 - 6 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12, including a support base 1, with an evaporation tank 2 fixedly connected to the upper part of the support base 1. The upper part of the evaporation tank 2 is a detachable structure, which facilitates the staff to clean the inside of the evaporation tank 2 with cleaning instruments. A liquid discharge end for discharging and draining seawater is provided inside the evaporation tank 2. Two heating tubes 21 (refer to Figure 2 ) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 and are distributed at intervals up and down. High-temperature steam or high-temperature liquid can be introduced into the heating tubes 21. The two heating tubes 21 can input liquids or steam at the same temperature, or liquids or steam at different temperatures. In this embodiment, the scheme of inputting liquids at the same temperature is adopted. An electronic float 3 is installed inside the evaporation tank 2 (refer to Figure 3 ). The electronic float 3 is an existing device. A filling assembly 4 is provided inside the evaporation tank 2 (refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 ). The filling assembly 4 includes a first filling shell 41, which is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the evaporation tank 2 and is located inside the evaporation tank 2. A second filling shell 42 is hermetically and limit-slidingly connected to the inside of the first filling shell 41 (a existing limiting structure is provided between the first filling shell 41 and the second filling shell 42, so the two will not slide to a separated state, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure). A first tension spring 411 is installed between them. A third filling shell 43 is hermetically and limit-slidingly connected to the inside of the second filling shell 42 (a existing limiting structure is provided between the second filling shell 42 and the third filling shell 43, so the two will not slide to a separated state, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure). A second tension spring 421 is installed between them. A fourth filling shell 44 is hermetically and limit-slidingly connected to the inside of the third filling shell 43 (a existing limiting structure is provided between the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44, so the two will not slide to a separated state, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure). A third tension spring 431 is installed between them. An electric push rod 441 is fixedly connected inside the evaporation tank 2 (refer to Figure 6 ). The electric push rod 441 is located inside the first filling shell 41. The electric push rod 441 is an existing device. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 is fixedly connected to the fourth filling shell 44. A conduction pipe 5 and a gas distribution shell 7 are fixedly connected to the upper side inside the evaporation tank 2 (refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 ). The gas distribution shell 7 is detachably connected to the evaporation tank 2. The conduction pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the support base 1. A spray head 6 is fixedly connected to the conduction pipe 5. In this embodiment, the spray head 6 is connected to an existing liquid pumping device. The spray head 6 is located in the middle of the gas distribution shell 7 and the two are coaxial. A pressure accumulator spray head can be installed on the spray head 6 to spray high-pressure water flow onto the surface of the seawater to promote the mixing of the surface layer and the middle layer of the seawater. A waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater by using the generated steam is provided inside the filling assembly 4.

[0022] The above settings can achieve the following: the existing liquid extraction device extracts the seawater in the lower layer of the evaporation tank 2, transports it to the spray head 6, and sprays it downward from the spray head 6, increasing the specific surface area of the contact between seawater and steam. At the same time, the seawater contacts the steam transpiring upward, and then uses the temperature of the steam to promote the evaporation of the sprayed seawater; the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 gradually extend upward to fill the volume reduced after the seawater evaporates, so that the multiple-layer annular scaling zones generated by the seawater evaporation are more concentrated, avoiding a large amount of the annular scaling zones covering the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. At the same time, by concentrating the position of the annular scaling zones, the subsequent cleaning difficulty is reduced; when using a descaling agent (such as an acid-base solvent for descaling) to clean the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 as a whole, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 can be completely extended upward, thereby reducing the space in the evaporation tank 2 for holding seawater, and thus reducing the usage amount of the descaling agent (because the volume for holding seawater is reduced, so compared with the existing device, less descaling agent is needed to reach the required concentration when using the descaling agent), thereby reducing the waste amount of the descaling agent.

[0023] Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the gas separation shell 7 is provided with an air inlet 201 and a separation chamber 202, the evaporation tank 2 is provided with a diversion chamber 203, the air inlet 201 is located above the spray head 6, the air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202, and the diversion chamber 203 are sequentially communicated, the separation chamber 202 is used for separating water vapor and the liquid droplets therein, and the diversion chamber 203 is communicated with the inlet of an external compression pump (the compression pump is an existing device, which is used to compress the steam collected in the diversion chamber 203 to a high-pressure state, increasing the temperature and condensation point of the steam, so as to improve the utilization rate of the steam heat, and reference can be made to the existing MVR multi-effect distillation structure).

[0024] The above settings can achieve the following: the air inlet 201 guides the steam in the evaporation tank 2 along the path of the air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202 to the diversion chamber 203, so as to collect the steam evaporated in the evaporation tank 2. The separation chamber 202 is used to receive the spray liquid droplets brought to the air inlet 201 during the upward floating process of the steam, reducing the influence of the liquid droplets on the quality of the steam.

[0025] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8, The waste heat utilization mechanism includes four diversion pipes 45, and the four diversion pipes 45 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44. The inner walls of the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all fixedly connected with an inlet pipe 451 and an outlet pipe 452. The inlet pipe 451 and the outlet pipe 452 are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with both ends of the diversion pipe 45. The outlet pipe 452 is communicated with an external liquid collecting device through a hose (the hose and the liquid collecting device are not shown in the figure. The hose penetrates through the bottom of the evaporation tank 2 and is communicated with the external liquid collecting device. The liquid collecting device is used to collect the distilled pure water), and the conduction pipe 5 is communicated with the outlet of an external compression pump (refer to Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the conduction pipe 5 is communicated with a compression pump in the diversion cavity 203. Multiple evaporation tanks 2 with different evaporation temperatures can also be provided, and the steam generated in the high-temperature evaporation tank 2 is introduced into the low-temperature evaporation tank 2 for evaporation utilization), and four communication holes are longitudinally and spacedly distributed on the conduction pipe 5. The conduction pipe 5 is provided with a communication component for respectively communicating the four communication holes with the corresponding diversion pipes 45.

[0026] The above settings can achieve that the steam with increased temperature and condensation point after compression is introduced into the diversion pipe 45, so that the diversion pipe 45 transfers heat to the seawater in the evaporation tank 2. On the one hand, it is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the steam and promote the condensation of the steam into liquid droplets. On the other hand, the waste heat of the steam can be reused more effectively, heating the seawater in the lower layer, reducing the dependence on external steam (or hot liquid), and reducing the overall energy consumption of the device.

[0027] Refer to Figure 5 , the elastic coefficient of the first spring 411 is less than that of the second spring 421, and the elastic coefficient of the second spring 421 is less than that of the third spring 431.

[0028] The above settings can achieve that when the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 drives the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 to move upward, the first spring 411 is first subjected to tensile deformation. When the second filling shell 42 moves to the limit position and stops moving, the first spring 411 stops stretching. In the subsequent upward movement, the second spring 421 begins to be subjected to tensile deformation. When the third filling shell 43 moves to the limit position and stops moving, the second spring 421 stops stretching. In the subsequent upward movement, the third spring 431 begins to be subjected to tensile deformation. When the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 moves downward and resets, the third spring 431, the second spring 421 and the first spring 411 contract and reset in sequence.

[0029] Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9, the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all provided with a liquid guiding cavity 453. The inlet pipe 451 communicates with the corresponding communication holes on the conduction pipe 5 through the corresponding liquid guiding cavity 453. The first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all fixedly connected with a liquid discharging head 454. A liquid discharging valve (the liquid discharging valve is an existing mechanism for discharging liquid and blocking the outward discharge of gas) is arranged in the liquid discharging head 454. The liquid discharging head 454 communicates with the liquid guiding cavity 453, and the liquid discharging head 454 is communicated with an external liquid collecting device through a hose.

[0030] The above settings can achieve that before the high-pressure steam is introduced into the diversion pipe 45, the liquid guiding cavity 453 collects the liquid droplets that have been mixed and condensed in the high-pressure steam, and discharges the collected liquid droplets into the external liquid collecting device through the liquid discharging head 454.

[0031] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 , the connecting component includes four mounting brackets 46 that are longitudinally spaced apart. The mounting brackets 46 are fixedly connected to the corresponding communication holes of the conduction pipe 5. A plugging block 461 is slidably connected to the mounting bracket 46, and a first spring 462 is installed between the two. The plugging block 461 is composed of a frustum of a cone and cylinders connected to both ends thereof (refer to Figure 8 ), and the plugging block 461 is used to plug the corresponding communication hole. The first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all slidably connected with an extrusion cone head 47. The extrusion cone head 47 has two symmetrically inclined surfaces (refer to Figure 8 ). The extrusion cone head 47 is located in the corresponding liquid guiding cavity 453, and the extrusion cone head 47 is used to extrude the plugging block 461. A second spring 471 is fixedly connected between the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, the fourth filling shell 44 and the corresponding extrusion cone head 47 respectively. The elastic coefficient of the second spring 471 is greater than that of the first spring 462. After the second spring 471 is completely released, the inclined surface of the extrusion cone head 47 does not completely enter the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 (therefore, the action of the extrusion cone head 47 extruding the corresponding plugging block 461 does not hinder its own upward movement along the conduction pipe 5).

[0032] The above settings can achieve that when the liquid guide cavity 453 is not aligned with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, the extrusion cone head 47 is limited by the extrusion of the conduction pipe 5. At this time, the second spring 471 is in a compressed state (that is, when not working, the second spring 471 on the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all in a state of storing energy). When the liquid guide cavity 453 is aligned with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, the extrusion cone head 47 extends under the action of the adjacent second spring 471 and squeezes the corresponding blocking block 461 to move, so that the blocking block 461 no longer blocks the adjacent communication hole, and further makes the communication hole communicate with the corresponding liquid guide cavity 453. The blocking block 461 at the lowest communication hole of the conduction pipe 5 is always in an open state. Therefore, the installation bracket 46, the blocking block 461, the first spring 462, the extrusion cone head 47 and the second spring 471 may not be provided at the lowest communication hole of the conduction pipe 5 and the first filling shell 41. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The blocking block 461 and the extrusion cone head 47 are installed there only for convenient display.

[0033] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the fourth filling shell 44 is provided with a shielding portion 442, and the shielding portion 442 is used to block the communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 located above the first filling shell 41 (refer to Figure 5 ).

[0034] The above settings can achieve that the communication holes on the conduction pipe 5 are always not in contact with seawater. Therefore, there is no need to consider the problem of seawater leakage into the conduction pipe 5.

[0035] The working process of the above settings is as follows: Preparation stage: The staff injects seawater into the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid discharge end, and detects the water level of the seawater through the electronic float 3. When the water level of the seawater is higher than the two heating tubes 21, the staff stops injecting seawater into the evaporation tank 2 and starts the compression pump. At this time, the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are located at Figure 2 the positions shown.

[0036] Working stage: The staff continuously supplies high-temperature liquid into the two heating tubes 21 through an external liquid supply system. The heating tubes 21 heat the seawater through the evaporation tank 2, causing the seawater to gradually evaporate. At this time, the existing liquid extraction device extracts the seawater at the bottom of the evaporation tank 2, causing the seawater to spray downward through the spray head 6. The specific surface area of the seawater in the spray state is relatively high, so the evaporation efficiency is relatively high. Moreover, during the upward floating of the steam evaporated from the seawater surface, the seawater in the spray state is heated, causing the seawater in the spray state to evaporate more quickly.

[0037] When the steam evaporated from seawater floats upward to the air inlet 201, it flows into the guide chamber 203 along the path from the air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202 to the guide chamber 203. At this time, if the steam contains some tiny droplets generated during the spraying process, the tiny droplets will gradually be retained in the separation chamber 202 under the action of gravity during the horizontal flow of the steam in the separation chamber 202, and the steam will flow into the guide chamber 203 normally. The gas separation shell 7 is affected by the steam contact transfer temperature to heat the tiny droplets in the separation chamber 202. After the tiny droplets are vaporized into steam, they flow out together with other steam. The steam in the guide chamber 203 first enters the compression pump, and then is compressed by the compression pump and discharged into the guide pipe 5. At this time, the steam is converted into high-temperature and high-pressure steam through mechanical power, and its condensation point temperature is also increased synchronously, which is more conducive to the secondary utilization of the waste heat of the steam.

[0038] After the steam enters the conducting pipe 5, it gradually flows downwards. However, due to the initial state, only the lowest conducting pipe 5 of the four communicating holes in the conducting pipe 5 is connected to the upper guide pipe 45 of the first filling shell 41. Therefore, all the steam enters the upper guide pipe 45 of the first filling shell 41. The steam heats the seawater from the inside of the seawater through the conducting pipe 5, the guide pipe 45 and the first filling shell 41, which is more conducive to maintaining the temperature and evaporation efficiency of the seawater. At the same time, because the steam is compressed by the compression pump, the utilization rate of the steam waste heat is higher than that of directly reusing the temperature of the steam (for example, heating another evaporation tank 2 with a lower constant temperature), which can effectively save the energy consumption of heating the high-temperature liquid in the heating pipe 21. In the process of steam heating the seawater, the generated droplets are discharged to the outside through the liquid discharge head 454 when passing through the liquid conducting cavity 453, or are discharged to the liquid collecting device together with the steam through the outlet pipe 452.

[0039] When the water level of the seawater drops due to evaporation, the electronic float 3 detects the height of the drop in the seawater level. When the seawater level drops to a specified height (this height is set by the staff and is not lower than the uppermost heating pipe 21), the staff controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, the fourth filling shell 44, and the third tension spring 431 to move upward. The second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 together occupy a larger space in the evaporation tank 2, thereby reducing the space for holding seawater and raising the seawater level to the height at the time of injection. Subsequently, the staff closes the electric push rod 441. As the seawater gradually evaporates, the staff continuously repeats the above actions. During the process of the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 continuously moving upward, the first tension spring 411, the second tension spring 421, and the third tension spring 431 are stretched in sequence. And when the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 respectively move to the limit positions, the liquid guide cavities 453 on the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 are respectively aligned with the corresponding communication holes on the conduction pipe 5. Taking the alignment of the liquid guide cavity 453 on the second filling shell 42 with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 as an example, the extrusion cone head 47 on the second filling shell 42 extends under the action of the adjacent second spring 471 and squeezes the corresponding blocking block 461 to move, so that the corresponding blocking block 461 no longer blocks the adjacent communication hole. At this time, the liquid guide cavity 453 on the second filling shell 42 is communicated with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, and the steam enters the diversion pipe 45 of the second filling shell 42 and heats the seawater around the second filling shell 42.

[0040] When the salt content of the seawater rises to 70 g / L (judged by the water level change and the rising height of the fourth filling shell 44), stop inputting high-temperature liquid into the heating pipe 21. The staff closes the compression pump and drains the high-salt seawater through the liquid discharge end. Subsequently, control the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, the fourth filling shell 44, and the third tension spring 431 to move back to their original positions. At this time, the three blocking blocks 461 on the upper side of the conduction pipe 5 re-block the corresponding communication holes, and the staff starts a new round of seawater desalination treatment.

[0041] Cleaning stage: When the staff uses the medicament for cleaning (if there is a mechanical cleaning step, the medicament cleaning step is arranged after the mechanical cleaning step), the staff directly controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, and the fourth filling shell 44 to extend upward to the limit state, reducing the effective volume in the evaporation tank 2. Subsequently, the cleaning liquid is injected into the evaporation tank 2 according to the current volume, and the cleaning medicament is gradually added. After the cleaning is completed, the staff controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, and the fourth filling shell 44 to move back to the original position, and the waste water for cleaning in the evaporation tank 2 is discharged. Example 2

[0042] On the basis of Example 1, this example further discloses an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Compared with Example 1, it has the problem of reducing the contact between the sprayed seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level, resulting in scale formation on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level.

[0043] Refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 11 , a liquid guide ring 71 is fixedly connected in the gas separation shell 7. The liquid guide ring 71 is provided with liquid guiding tips 711 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The liquid guiding tips 711 are inclined towards the side close to the axis of the gas separation shell 7. The liquid guiding tips 711 and the gas separation shell 7 jointly block the seawater sprayed by the spray head 6 from moving towards the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2.

[0044] The above settings can achieve that the seawater at the spraying boundary position of the spray head 6 contacts the gas separation shell 7 during the falling process, and then the seawater flows downward along the gas separation shell 7 to the liquid guiding tips 711 of the liquid guide ring 71 and drips downward. The dripping seawater does not contact the evaporation tank 2, thereby reducing the probability of scale formation on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level. Example 3

[0045] On the basis of Example 1, this example further discloses an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Compared with Example 1, it is used to replace the liquid pumping device in Example 1. Compared with the existing liquid pumping device, it also has the function of promoting the rapid flow of the surrounding seawater.

[0046] Refer to Figures 3 - 6 and Figure 10 , it further includes a liquid pumping mechanism for pumping the seawater in the evaporation tank 2. The liquid pumping mechanism is arranged on the evaporation tank 2. The liquid pumping mechanism includes liquid pumping columns 8 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. All the liquid pumping columns 8 are hermetically and rotatably connected to the evaporation tank 2. The rotatable angle of the liquid pumping columns 8 does not exceed 360°. All the liquid pumping columns 8 are located between the evaporation tank 2 and the first filling shell 41 (refer to Figure 3and Figure 4 ), a liquid extraction pipe 81 and a liquid injection pipe 82 are arranged in the liquid extraction column 8. The liquid extraction pipe 81 is communicated with the inlet of an external liquid extraction pump through a deformable hose. Both the spray head 6 and the liquid injection pipe 82 are communicated with the outlet of the external liquid extraction pump through deformable hoses. Longitudinally spaced one-way spray heads 83 are arranged on the liquid injection pipe 82. Longitudinally spaced liquid extraction holes 84 are arranged in the liquid extraction column 8. The liquid extraction holes 84 are communicated with adjacent liquid extraction holes 84. The one-way spray heads 83 and the liquid extraction holes 84 on the same liquid extraction column 8 are in one-to-one correspondence. The liquid extraction pipe 81 extracts seawater from the lower part of the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid extraction holes 84. A motor 9 is fixedly connected under the support base 1. The output shaft of the motor 9 is in transmission connection with all the liquid extraction columns 8 through a gear set (refer to Figure 4 ).

[0047] Refer to Figure 10 , the included angle between the axis of the one-way spray head 83 and the axis of the liquid extraction hole 84 on the same horizontal plane of the same liquid extraction column 8 is less than 180° and greater than 90°. When the liquid extraction column 8 is in an idle state, the angular bisector of the included angle between the axis of the one-way spray head 83 and the axis of the liquid extraction hole 84 passes through the axis of the evaporation tank 2. The one-way spray heads 83 and the liquid extraction holes 84 are used to promote the circulating flow of the seawater at the lower inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 along the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2.

[0048] The above settings can be achieved such that the liquid extraction pump extracts seawater from the lower part of the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid extraction hole 84 and conveys the seawater into the spray head 6 and the liquid injection pipeline 82. In the initial state, the axis of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 both face the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. The liquid extraction hole 84 promotes the flow of the surrounding seawater by extracting seawater, and the liquid injection pipeline 82 promotes the flow of the seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 by ejecting water flow to impact the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. On the one hand, the heat exchange efficiency between the seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 is increased. On the other hand, the seawater flow rate is increased, reducing the possibility of local scaling of the seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 when the evaporation rate of the seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 is greater than that of the seawater inside the evaporation tank 2. Moreover, the rotation of all the liquid extraction columns 8 can be driven by controlling the motor 9, so as to disrupt the flow path of the seawater in the evaporation tank 2 in a more chaotic state. When the salt content concentration of the seawater has risen to a certain value after a period of evaporation (for example, when it is greater than 60 g / L), the staff can control the liquid extraction column 8 to rotate to the initial non-operating state position and turn off the motor 9. At this time, the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 both face the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2, and compared with the state where the axes of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 are parallel, the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 can better guide the seawater to impact and clean the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 near the adjacent liquid extraction column 8. At this time, all the liquid extraction columns 8 together drive the seawater at the lower side in the evaporation tank 2 to flow counterclockwise. During the seawater flow, it repeatedly contacts the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 under the guidance of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84, further reducing the possibility of scaling on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. The staff can freely switch between the above two working states of the liquid extraction column 8 according to needs.

[0049] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be given the broadest interpretation so as to cover all variations and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. A seawater desalination integrated process system based on waste heat utilization, comprising a support base (1), wherein the support base (1) is fixedly connected to an evaporation tank (2), wherein a heating tube (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank (2), and an electronic float (3) is installed in the evaporation tank (2), wherein: A filling assembly (4) is provided in the evaporation tank (2), the filling assembly (4) comprising a first filling shell (41), the first filling shell (41) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank (2), the first filling shell (41) being sealingly limited and slidingly connected to a second filling shell (42), and a first tension spring (411) being installed between the two, the second filling shell (42) being sealingly limited and slidingly connected to a third filling shell (43), and a second tension spring (421) being installed between the two, and the third filling shell (43) being sealingly limited and slidingly connected to a fourth filling shell (42). The evaporator (2) is provided with a first filling shell (44) and a third tension spring (431) is installed therebetween; an electric push rod (441) is fixedly connected inside the evaporator (2); the electric push rod (441) is located inside the first filling shell (41); a telescopic end of the electric push rod (441) is fixedly connected to the fourth filling shell (44); a conducting pipe (5) and a gas separation shell (7) are fixedly connected inside the evaporator (2); a spray head (6) is fixedly connected to the conducting pipe (5); and a waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater by utilizing steam generated in the evaporator (2) is provided inside the filling assembly (4).

2. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas separation shell (7) is provided with an air inlet (201) and a separation chamber (202), and the evaporation tank (2) is provided with a guide chamber (203); the air inlet (201), the separation chamber (202) and the guide chamber (203) are connected in sequence; the separation chamber (202) is used to separate water vapor from liquid droplets therein; and the guide chamber (203) is connected to an inlet of an external compression pump.

3. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste heat utilization mechanism comprises four flow guide pipes (45), the four flow guide pipes (45) being respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44); the inner walls of the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all fixedly connected with an inlet pipe (451) and an outlet pipe (452); the inlet pipe (451) and the outlet pipe (452) are respectively fixedly connected to two ends of the flow guide pipe (45) and are in communication with each other; the outlet pipe (452) is in communication with the outside; the conduction pipe (5) is in communication with an outlet of an external compression pump; four communication holes are arranged on the conduction pipe (5) and are spaced apart in a longitudinal direction; the conduction pipe (5) is provided with a communication component for respectively connecting the four communication holes with the corresponding flow guide pipes (45).

4. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the first tension spring (411) is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the second tension spring (421), and the elastic coefficient of the second tension spring (421) is smaller than the elastic coefficient of the third tension spring (431).

5. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all provided with a liquid conducting cavity (453); the inlet pipe (451) is connected with the conducting pipe (5) via the corresponding liquid conducting cavity (453); the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all fixedly connected with a liquid discharge head (454); the liquid discharge head (454) is used to connect the liquid conducting cavity (453) with the outside.

6. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The connecting component comprises four mounting brackets (46) distributed at intervals in the longitudinal direction, the mounting brackets (46) being fixedly connected to the connecting holes corresponding to the conducting tubes (5), the mounting brackets (46) being slidably connected to a blocking block (461), and a first spring (462) being installed between the two, the blocking block (461) being used to block the corresponding connecting holes, the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) being slidably connected to an extrusion cone head (47), the extrusion cone head (47) being used to extrude the blocking block (461), and a second spring (471) being fixedly connected between the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) and the corresponding extrusion cone head (47).

7. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The fourth filling shell (44) is provided with a shielding portion (442), and the shielding portion (442) is used to block the connecting hole on the conducting tube (5) located on the upper side of the first filling shell (41).

8. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The gas separation shell (7) is fixedly connected to a liquid guide ring (71), and the liquid guide ring (71) is provided with liquid guide tips (711) evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, and the liquid guide tips (711) are used to guide the seawater sprayed by the spray head (6) to drip downwards.

9. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The invention also comprises a liquid extraction mechanism for extracting seawater from the evaporation tank (2), the liquid extraction mechanism being arranged on the evaporation tank (2), the liquid extraction mechanism comprising liquid extraction columns (8) uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the liquid extraction columns (8) being sealingly rotatably connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank (2), the liquid extraction column (8) being located between the evaporation tank (2) and the first filling shell (41), a liquid extraction pipeline (81) and a liquid injection pipeline (82) being arranged in the liquid extraction column (8), one-way nozzles (83) being arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction on the liquid injection pipeline (82), liquid extraction holes (84) being arranged at intervals in the longitudinal direction on the liquid extraction column (8), the liquid extraction holes (84) being connected to adjacent liquid extraction pipelines (81), a motor (9) being fixedly connected under the support seat (1), the output shaft of the motor (9) being driven by all the liquid extraction columns (8) through a gear train.

10. The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization according to claim 9 is characterized in that: The angle between the projection of the axis of the one-way nozzle (83) on the horizontal plane and the projection of the axis of the liquid extraction hole (84) on the same liquid extraction column (8) on the horizontal plane is less than 180° and greater than 90°.

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