Integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization

Abstract

The present invention discloses an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization, belonging to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment. It includes a support base, on which an evaporation tank is fixedly connected. A heating pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank. An electronic float ball is installed in the evaporation tank. A filling component is arranged in the evaporation tank. The filling component includes a first filling shell, which is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the evaporation tank. The first filling shell is hermetically and limit slidably connected with a second filling shell, and a first tension spring is installed between the two. An electric push rod is fixedly connected in the evaporation tank. By means of the filling component of the present invention, the space for holding seawater in the evaporation tank is changed, the fluctuation range of the seawater water level line is reduced, thereby reducing the coverage range of the annular scaling zone, reducing the influence of the annular scaling zone on the heating of seawater by the evaporation tank. At the same time, because the position of the annular scaling zone is concentrated, it is easier to use mechanical cleaning technology for cleaning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination treatment, and particularly relates to an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Background Art

[0002] Current seawater desalination treatment technologies are mainly divided into two types. One is the membrane filtration method that filters seawater through a semi-permeable membrane, and the other is the thermal distillation method that heats seawater through low-temperature distillation technology, evaporates the seawater, and then condenses it to obtain fresh water (usually the salt content of seawater needs to be concentrated from the initial 35 g / L to 70 g / L). During the evaporation process of the thermal distillation method, since the evaporation rate of the water on the surface of seawater is much higher than that of the lower layer of seawater, the salt concentration on the surface of seawater will rapidly increase within a short time during the evaporation process of seawater. This concentration change makes it extremely easy for salt scale crystals to form at the position where the inner wall of the low-temperature distillation tank contacts the water surface, while less such precipitation occurs in the lower layer of seawater. Moreover, as the distillation process continues, the water level in the low-temperature distillation tank will continuously drop. This dynamic change causes the scaling area to spread from a local area to the surface of the tank body passed by the seawater liquid level, forming an annular scaling zone with an increasing area. The annular scaling zone will not only form a heat insulation layer, reducing the heating efficiency of the low-temperature distillation tank for seawater, but also bring trouble to subsequent maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the disadvantages that during the distillation of existing seawater, an annular scaling zone will be formed due to the change of water level, affecting the heat transfer efficiency of seawater and making subsequent maintenance difficult, the present invention provides an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization.

[0004] Technical Solution: The integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization includes a support base, an evaporation tank fixedly connected to the support base, a heating pipe fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank, an electronic float ball installed in the evaporation tank, a filling assembly arranged in the evaporation tank. The filling assembly includes a first filling shell fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the evaporation tank. The first filling shell is in sealed limit sliding connection with a second filling shell, and a first tension spring is installed between the two. The second filling shell is in sealed limit sliding connection with a third filling shell, and a second tension spring is installed between the two. The third filling shell is in sealed limit sliding connection with a fourth filling shell, and a third tension spring is installed between the two. An electric push rod is fixedly connected to the inner part of the evaporation tank. The electric push rod is located in the first filling shell, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the fourth filling shell. A conduction pipe and a gas distribution shell are fixedly connected to the inner part of the evaporation tank. A spray head is fixedly connected to the conduction pipe. A waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater by using the steam generated in the evaporation tank is arranged in the filling assembly.

[0005] Further explanation: The gas separation shell is provided with an air inlet and a separation chamber, the evaporation tank is provided with a diversion chamber, the air inlet, the separation chamber and the diversion chamber are communicated in sequence, the separation chamber is used for separating water vapor and liquid droplets therein, and the diversion chamber is communicated with the inlet of an external compression pump.

[0006] Further explanation: The waste heat utilization mechanism includes four diversion pipes, the four diversion pipes are respectively fixed to the inner walls of the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell, the inner walls of the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all fixed with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are respectively fixed and communicated with both ends of the diversion pipe, the outlet pipe is communicated with the outside, the conduction pipe is communicated with the outlet of an external compression pump, the conduction pipe is provided with four communication holes distributed longitudinally at intervals, and the conduction pipe is provided with a communication component for respectively communicating the four communication holes with the corresponding diversion pipes.

[0007] Further explanation: The elastic coefficient of the first pull spring is less than that of the second pull spring, and the elastic coefficient of the second pull spring is less than that of the third pull spring.

[0008] Further explanation: The first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all provided with a liquid guide chamber, the inlet pipe is communicated with the conduction pipe through the corresponding liquid guide chamber, the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all fixed with a liquid discharge head, and the liquid discharge head is used for communicating the liquid guide chamber and the outside.

[0009] Further explanation: The communication component includes four mounting brackets distributed longitudinally at intervals, the mounting brackets are fixed at the corresponding communication holes of the conduction pipe, the mounting brackets are slidably connected with a plugging block, and a first spring is installed between the two. The plugging block is used for plugging the corresponding communication hole. The first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell are all slidably connected with an extrusion cone head, and the extrusion cone head is used for extruding the plugging block. A second spring is fixed between the first filling shell, the second filling shell, the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell and the corresponding extrusion cone heads respectively.

[0010] Further explanation: The fourth filling shell is provided with a shielding part, and the shielding part is used for plugging the communication hole on the conduction pipe above the first filling shell.

[0011] Further explanation: The gas separation shell is fixed with a liquid guide ring, and the liquid guide ring is provided with liquid guiding tips evenly distributed circumferentially. The liquid guiding tips are used for guiding the seawater sprayed out by the spray head to drip downward.

[0012] Further explanation: It also includes a liquid extraction mechanism for extracting seawater in the evaporation tank. The liquid extraction mechanism is arranged on the evaporation tank. The liquid extraction mechanism includes liquid extraction columns evenly distributed circumferentially. The liquid extraction columns are hermetically and rotatably connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank. The liquid extraction columns are located between the evaporation tank and the first filling shell. A liquid extraction pipeline and a liquid injection pipeline are arranged in the liquid extraction columns. One-way spray heads are arranged longitudinally and at intervals on the liquid injection pipeline. Liquid extraction holes are arranged longitudinally and at intervals on the liquid extraction columns. The liquid extraction holes are communicated with the adjacent liquid extraction pipelines. A motor is fixedly connected under the support seat, and the output shaft of the motor is driven by a gear set with all the liquid extraction columns.

[0013] Further explanation: The included angle between the projection of the axis of the one-way spray head on the horizontal plane and the projection of the axis of the liquid extraction hole on the horizontal plane on the same liquid extraction column is less than 180° and greater than 90°.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By changing the space for containing seawater in the evaporation tank through the filling component, the fluctuation range of the water level line of the seawater is reduced, and further the coverage range of the annular scaling zone is reduced, reducing the influence of the annular scaling zone on the heating of seawater by the evaporation tank. At the same time, because the position of the annular scaling zone is concentrated, it is easier to use mechanical cleaning technology for cleaning. And when using chemicals to clean the scale in the evaporation tank, the space for containing the cleaning liquid in the evaporation tank is reduced through the filling component. Compared with the existing device, the amount of cleaning chemicals required for cleaning the scale is reduced, which is more conducive to environmental protection requirements.

[0015] In the present invention, the compressed steam is introduced into the conduction pipe and the diversion pipe, and the seawater is heated from the inside of the seawater, improving the utilization rate of the waste heat of the steam and reducing the dependence on external heat sources. At the same time, because the condensation point of the compressed steam increases, the steam is more likely to condense during the process of heating the seawater. When the steam condenses, heat is released, which is more conducive to increasing the temperature of the surrounding seawater.

[0016] In the present invention, the liquid extraction columns drive the surrounding seawater to rotate, and the one-way spray heads and the liquid extraction holes make the surrounding seawater move irregularly, reducing the probability of scale formation on the inner wall of the evaporation tank for the lower-layer seawater, and at the same time improving the heat exchange efficiency between the seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the evaporation tank of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the evaporation tank and the electronic float of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the support seat and the liquid extraction columns of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 Cross-sectional view of the third filling shell and the fourth filling shell of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 Cross-sectional view of the fourth filling shell and the conduction pipe of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 7 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the gas distribution shell and the liquid guide ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of part A in;

[0025] Figure 9 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the diversion pipe and the inlet pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 10 Cross-sectional view of the liquid extraction column of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 11 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the conduction pipe and the spray head of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 12 System diagram of the present invention.

[0029] In the accompanying drawings: 1: support base, 2: evaporation tank, 21: heating pipe, 201: air inlet, 202: separation chamber, 203: diversion chamber, 3: electronic floating ball, 4: filling assembly, 41: first filling shell, 411: first tension spring, 42: second filling shell, 421: second tension spring, 43: third filling shell, 431: third tension spring, 44: fourth filling shell, 441: electric push rod, 442: shielding part, 45: diversion pipe, 451: inlet pipe, 452: outlet pipe, 453: liquid guide chamber, 454: liquid discharge head, 46: mounting bracket, 461: blocking block, 462: first spring, 47: extrusion cone head, 471: second spring, 5: conduction pipe, 6: spray head, 7: gas distribution shell, 71: liquid guide ring, 711: liquid guiding tip, 8: liquid extraction column, 81: liquid extraction pipeline, 82: liquid injection pipeline, 83: one-way spray head, 84: liquid extraction hole, 9: motor. Detailed implementation manners

[0030] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which currently preferred embodiments of the invention are shown. However, the invention may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided for thoroughness and completeness and fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Example 1

[0031] This embodiment discloses an integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization. Compared with the prior art, this system has multiple advantages, such as restricting the scaling range of the annular scaling layer to reduce the scale removal difficulty, reducing the usage amount of scale removal agents, and improving the waste heat utilization rate of steam.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1-6 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12 , it includes a support base 1. The upper part of the support base 1 is fixedly connected with an evaporation tank 2. The upper part of the evaporation tank 2 is a detachable structure, which is convenient for staff to clean the inside of the evaporation tank 2 through cleaning instruments. A liquid discharge end for discharging and draining seawater is arranged inside the evaporation tank 2. Two heating tubes 21 (referring to Figure 2 ) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 at intervals up and down. High-temperature steam or high-temperature liquid can be introduced into the heating tubes 21. The two heating tubes 21 can input liquids or steams at the same temperature, or liquids or steams at different temperatures. In this embodiment, the scheme of inputting liquids at the same temperature is adopted. An electronic float ball 3 (referring to Figure 3 ) is installed inside the evaporation tank 2. The electronic float ball 3 is an existing device. A filling component 4 (referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 ) is arranged inside the evaporation tank 2. The filling component 4 includes a first filling shell 41. The first filling shell 41 is fixedly connected to the bottom inside the evaporation tank 2 and is located inside the evaporation tank 2. A second filling shell 42 is hermetically and limitably slidably connected to the inside of the first filling shell 41 (there is an existing limiting structure between the first filling shell 41 and the second filling shell 42, so the two will not slide to a state of separation from each other, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure), and a first tension spring 411 is installed between the two. A third filling shell 43 is hermetically and limitably slidably connected to the inside of the second filling shell 42 (there is an existing limiting structure between the second filling shell 42 and the third filling shell 43, so the two will not slide to a state of separation from each other, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure), and a second tension spring 421 is installed between the two. A fourth filling shell 44 is hermetically and limitably slidably connected to the inside of the third filling shell 43 (there is an existing limiting structure between the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44, so the two will not slide to a state of separation from each other, and the limiting structure diagram is not shown in the figure), and a third tension spring 431 is installed between the two. An electric push rod 441 (referring to Figure 6 ) is fixedly connected inside the evaporation tank 2. The electric push rod 441 is located inside the first filling shell 41. The electric push rod 441 is an existing device. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 is fixedly connected to the fourth filling shell 44. A conduction pipe 5 and a gas distribution shell 7 (referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3), the gas separation shell 7 and the evaporation tank 2 are detachably connected. The conduction pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the support seat 1, and a spray head 6 is fixedly connected to the conduction pipe 5. In this embodiment, the spray head 6 is connected to an existing liquid extraction device. The spray head 6 is located in the middle of the gas separation shell 7 and they are coaxial. A pressure accumulator spray head can be installed on the spray head 6 to spray high-pressure water flow onto the surface of the seawater, promoting the mixing of the surface layer and the middle layer of the seawater. A waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater using the generated steam is provided in the filling component 4.

[0033] The above settings can achieve the following: an existing liquid extraction device extracts the seawater in the lower layer of the evaporation tank 2, transports it into the spray head 6, and sprays it downward from the spray head 6, increasing the specific surface area of the contact between the seawater and the steam. At the same time, the seawater contacts the upward transpiring steam, and then uses the temperature of the steam to promote the evaporation of the sprayed seawater; the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 gradually extend upward to fill the volume reduced after the seawater evaporates, making the multi-layer annular scale formation zones generated by the seawater evaporation more concentrated, avoiding a large amount of the annular scale formation zones covering the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. At the same time, by concentrating the position of the annular scale formation zones, the subsequent cleaning difficulty is reduced; when using a descaling agent (such as an acid-base solvent for descaling) to clean the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 as a whole, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 can be completely extended upward, thereby reducing the space in the evaporation tank 2 for holding seawater, reducing the amount of descaling agent used (because the volume for holding seawater is reduced, so compared with the existing device, less descaling agent is needed to reach the required concentration when using the descaling agent), thus reducing the waste amount of the descaling agent.

[0034] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 7 , the gas separation shell 7 is provided with an air inlet 201 and a separation chamber 202, and the evaporation tank 2 is provided with a diversion chamber 203. The air inlet 201 is located above the spray head 6. The air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202, and the diversion chamber 203 are connected in sequence. The separation chamber 202 is used to separate water vapor and the liquid droplets therein. The diversion chamber 203 is connected to the inlet of an external compression pump (the compression pump is an existing device, used to compress the steam collected in the diversion chamber 203 to a high-pressure state, increasing the temperature and condensation point of the steam, thereby improving the utilization rate of the steam heat. Reference can be made to the existing MVR multi-effect distillation structure).

[0035] The above settings can achieve the following: the air inlet 201 exports the steam in the evaporation tank 2 along the path of the air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202 to the diversion chamber 203, thereby collecting the steam evaporated from the evaporation tank 2. The separation chamber 202 is used to receive the sprayed liquid droplets brought to the air inlet 201 during the upward floating process of the steam, reducing the influence of the liquid droplets on the quality of the steam.

[0036] Refer to Figure 4 、Figure 6 and Figure 8 The waste heat utilization mechanism includes four diversion pipes 45, and the four diversion pipes 45 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44. The inner walls of the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all fixedly connected with an inlet pipe 451 and an outlet pipe 452. The inlet pipe 451 and the outlet pipe 452 are respectively fixedly connected and communicated with both ends of the diversion pipe 45. The outlet pipe 452 is communicated with an external liquid collection device through a hose (the hose and the liquid collection device are not shown in the figure. The hose penetrates through the bottom of the evaporation tank 2 and is communicated with the external liquid collection device. The liquid collection device is used to collect the distilled pure water). The conduction pipe 5 is communicated with the outlet of an external compression pump (refer to Figure 7 , in this embodiment, the conduction pipe 5 is communicated with a compression pump in the diversion cavity 203. It is also possible to provide multiple evaporation tanks 2 with different evaporation temperatures, and introduce the steam generated in the high-temperature evaporation tank 2 into the low-temperature evaporation tank 2 for evaporation utilization). Four communication holes are arranged at longitudinal intervals on the conduction pipe 5, and the conduction pipe 5 is provided with a communication component for respectively communicating the four communication holes with the corresponding diversion pipes 45.

[0037] The above settings can achieve that the steam with increased temperature and condensation point after compression is introduced into the diversion pipe 45, so that the diversion pipe 45 transfers heat to the seawater in the evaporation tank 2. On the one hand, it is beneficial to reduce the temperature of the steam and promote the condensation of the steam into liquid droplets. On the other hand, it can more effectively reuse the waste heat of the steam, heat the seawater in the lower layer, reduce the dependence on external steam (or hot liquid), and reduce the overall energy consumption of the device.

[0038] Refer to Figure 5 , the elastic coefficient of the first tension spring 411 is less than that of the second tension spring 421, and the elastic coefficient of the second tension spring 421 is less than that of the third tension spring 431.

[0039] The above settings can achieve that when the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 drives the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 to move upward, the first tension spring 411 is first subjected to tensile deformation. When the second filling shell 42 moves to the limit position and stops moving, the first tension spring 411 stops stretching. In the subsequent upward movement, the second tension spring 421 begins to be subjected to tensile deformation. When the third filling shell 43 moves to the limit position and stops moving, the second tension spring 421 stops stretching. In the subsequent upward movement, the third tension spring 431 begins to be subjected to tensile deformation. When the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 moves downward and resets, the third tension spring 431, the second tension spring 421 and the first tension spring 411 contract and reset in sequence.

[0040] Refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9, the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 are all provided with a liquid guide cavity 453. The inlet pipe 451 communicates with the corresponding communication holes on the conduction pipe 5 through the corresponding liquid guide cavity 453. The first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 are all fixedly connected with a liquid discharge head 454. A liquid discharge valve (the liquid discharge valve is an existing mechanism for discharging liquid and blocking the outward discharge of gas) is arranged in the liquid discharge head 454. The liquid discharge head 454 communicates with the liquid guide cavity 453, and the liquid discharge head 454 is communicated with an external liquid collection device through a hose.

[0041] The above settings can achieve that before the high-pressure steam is introduced into the diversion pipe 45, the liquid guide cavity 453 collects the liquid droplets that have been mixed and condensed in the high-pressure steam, and discharges the collected liquid droplets into the external liquid collection device through the liquid discharge head 454.

[0042] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 8 , the connection component includes four mounting brackets 46 that are longitudinally spaced apart. The mounting brackets 46 are fixedly connected to the corresponding communication holes of the conduction pipe 5. A plugging block 461 is slidably connected to the mounting bracket 46, and a first spring 462 is installed between the two. The plugging block 461 is composed of a frustum of a cone and cylinders connected to both ends thereof (refer to Figure 8 ). The plugging block 461 is used to plug the corresponding communication hole. The first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, and the fourth filling shell 44 are all slidably connected with an extrusion cone head 47. The extrusion cone head 47 has two symmetrically inclined surfaces (refer to Figure 8 ). The extrusion cone head 47 is located in the corresponding liquid guide cavity 453, and the extrusion cone head 47 is used to extrude the plugging block 461. A second spring 471 is fixedly connected between the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43, the fourth filling shell 44 and the corresponding extrusion cone head 47 respectively. The elastic coefficient of the second spring 471 is greater than that of the first spring 462. After the second spring 471 is completely released, the inclined surface of the extrusion cone head 47 does not completely enter the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 (therefore, the action of the extrusion cone head 47 extruding the corresponding plugging block 461 will not hinder its own upward movement along the conduction pipe 5).

[0043] The above settings can achieve that when the liquid guide cavity 453 is not aligned with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, the extrusion cone head 47 is limited by the extrusion of the conduction pipe 5. At this time, the second spring 471 is in a compressed state (that is, when not working, the second spring 471 on the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are all in a state of storing energy). When the liquid guide cavity 453 is aligned with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, the extrusion cone head 47 extends under the action of the adjacent second spring 471 and squeezes the corresponding blocking block 461 to move, so that the blocking block 461 no longer blocks the adjacent communication hole, and then the communication hole is communicated with the corresponding liquid guide cavity 453. The blocking block 461 at the lowest communication hole of the conduction pipe 5 is always in an open state. Therefore, the installation bracket 46, the blocking block 461, the first spring 462, the extrusion cone head 47 and the second spring 471 may not be provided at the lowest communication hole of the conduction pipe 5 and the first filling shell 41. Figure 6 and Figure 8 The blocking block 461 and the extrusion cone head 47 are installed there only for convenient display.

[0044] Referring to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , the fourth filling shell 44 is provided with a shielding portion 442, and the shielding portion 442 is used to block the communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 located above the first filling shell 41 (refer to Figure 5 ).

[0045] The above settings can achieve that the communication holes on the conduction pipe 5 are not in contact with seawater all the time. Therefore, there is no need to consider the problem of seawater leaking into the conduction pipe 5.

[0046] The working process of the above settings is as follows:

[0047] Preparation stage:

[0048] The staff injects seawater into the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid discharge end, and detects the water level of the seawater through the electronic float 3. When the water level of the seawater is higher than the two heating pipes 21, the staff stops injecting seawater into the evaporation tank 2 and starts the compression pump. At this time, the first filling shell 41, the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are located at the Figure 2 position shown.

[0049] Working stage:

[0050] The staff continuously supplies high-temperature liquid into the two heating pipes 21 through the external liquid supply system. The heating pipes 21 heat the seawater through the evaporation tank 2, causing the seawater to gradually evaporate. At this time, the existing liquid extraction device extracts the seawater at the bottom of the evaporation tank 2, causing the seawater to spray downward through the spray head 6. The specific surface area of the seawater in the spray state is relatively high, so the evaporation efficiency is relatively high. And during the floating process of the steam evaporated from the seawater surface, the seawater in the spray state is heated, accelerating the evaporation of the seawater in the spray state.

[0051] When the steam evaporated from seawater floats upward to the air inlet 201, it flows into the diversion chamber 203 along the path of the air inlet 201, the separation chamber 202 to the diversion chamber 203. At this time, if some tiny droplets generated during the spraying process are entrained in the steam, then during the lateral flow of the tiny droplets following the steam in the separation chamber 202, they are gradually left in the separation chamber 202 under the action of gravity, and the steam normally flows into the diversion chamber 203. Affected by the temperature transferred by the contact of the steam, the gas separation shell 7 heats the tiny droplets in the separation chamber 202. After the tiny droplets are vaporized into steam, they flow outwards together with other steam. The steam in the diversion chamber 203 first enters the compression pump, and then is compressed by the compression pump and discharged into the conduction pipe 5. At this time, the steam is converted into high-temperature and high-pressure steam through mechanical power, and its condensation point temperature is also increased synchronously, which is more conducive to the secondary utilization of the waste heat of the steam.

[0052] After the steam enters the conduction pipe 5, it gradually flows downward. However, due to the initial state, only the lowermost conduction pipe 5 among the four communication holes in the conduction pipe 5 is communicated with the diversion pipe 45 on the first filling shell 41. Therefore, all the steam enters the diversion pipe 45 on the first filling shell 41. The steam heats the seawater from the inside of the seawater through the conduction pipe 5, the diversion pipe 45 and the first filling shell 41, which is more conducive to maintaining the temperature and evaporation efficiency of the seawater. At the same time, because the steam is compressed by the compression pump, the utilization rate of the waste heat of the steam is higher than that of directly using the temperature of the steam for secondary utilization (such as heating another evaporation tank 2 with a lower constant temperature), which can effectively save the energy consumption of the high-temperature liquid in the heating pipe 21. And during the process of the steam heating the seawater, the generated droplets are discharged outwards through the liquid discharge head 454 when passing through the liquid guide chamber 453, or are discharged to the liquid collection device together with the steam through the outlet pipe 452.

[0053] When the water level of the seawater drops due to evaporation, the electronic float 3 detects the dropping height of the seawater level. When the seawater level drops to a specified height (this height is set by the staff and is not lower than the uppermost heating pipe 21), the staff controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, the fourth filling shell 44 and the third tension spring 431 to move upward. The second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 together occupy a larger space in the evaporation tank 2, thereby reducing the space for holding seawater and raising the seawater level to the height at the time of injection. Subsequently, the staff closes the electric push rod 441. As the seawater gradually evaporates, the staff continuously repeats the above actions. During the process of the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 moving upward continuously, the first tension spring 411, the second tension spring 421 and the third tension spring 431 are stretched in sequence. And when the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 respectively move to the limit positions, the liquid guide cavities 453 on the second filling shell 42, the third filling shell 43 and the fourth filling shell 44 are respectively aligned with the corresponding communication holes on the conduction pipe 5. Taking the alignment of the liquid guide cavity 453 on the second filling shell 42 with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5 as an example, the extrusion cone head 47 on the second filling shell 42 extends under the action of the adjacent second spring 471 and squeezes the corresponding plugging block 461 to move, so that the corresponding plugging block 461 no longer plugs the adjacent communication hole. At this time, the liquid guide cavity 453 on the second filling shell 42 is communicated with the corresponding communication hole on the conduction pipe 5, and the steam enters the diversion pipe 45 of the second filling shell 42 and heats the seawater around the second filling shell 42.

[0054] When the salt content of the seawater rises to 70 g / L (judged by the water level change and the rising height of the fourth filling shell 44), stop inputting high-temperature liquid into the heating pipe 21. The staff closes the compression pump and drains the high-salt seawater completely through the liquid discharge end. Subsequently, control the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, the fourth filling shell 44 and the third tension spring 431 to move back to the original positions. At this time, the three plugging blocks 461 on the upper side of the conduction pipe 5 re-plug the corresponding communication holes, and the staff re-performs the next round of seawater desalination treatment.

[0055] Cleaning stage:

[0056] When the staff uses the medicament for cleaning (if there is a mechanical cleaning step, the medicament cleaning step is arranged after the mechanical cleaning step), the staff directly controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, and the fourth filling shell 44 to extend upward to the limit state, reducing the effective volume in the evaporation tank 2. Subsequently, according to the current volume, the cleaning liquid is injected into the evaporation tank 2, and the cleaning medicament is gradually added. After the cleaning is completed, the staff controls the telescopic end of the electric push rod 441 to drive the second filling shell 42, the first tension spring 411, the third filling shell 43, the second tension spring 421, and the fourth filling shell 44 to move back to the original position, and the waste water for cleaning in the evaporation tank 2 is discharged. Example 2

[0057] On the basis of Example 1, this example further discloses an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Compared with Example 1, it has the problem of reducing the contact between the sprayed seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level, resulting in scaling on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level.

[0058] Refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 7 and Figure 11 , a liquid guide ring 71 is fixedly connected inside the gas separation shell 7. The liquid guide ring 71 is provided with liquid guiding tips 711 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The liquid guiding tips 711 incline towards the side close to the axis of the gas separation shell 7. The liquid guiding tips 711 and the gas separation shell 7 jointly prevent the seawater sprayed out by the spray head 6 from moving towards the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2.

[0059] The above setting can achieve that the seawater at the spraying boundary position of the spray head 6 contacts the gas separation shell 7 during the falling process, and then the seawater flows downward along the gas separation shell 7 to the liquid guiding tips 711 of the liquid guide ring 71 and drips downward. The dripping seawater will not contact the evaporation tank 2, thereby reducing the probability of scaling on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 above the liquid level. Example 3

[0060] On the basis of Example 1, this example further discloses an integrated seawater desalination process system based on waste heat utilization. Compared with Example 1, it is used to replace the liquid extraction device in Example 1. Compared with the existing liquid extraction device, it also has the function of promoting the rapid flow of the surrounding seawater.

[0061] Refer to Figures 3-6 and Figure 10 , it further includes a liquid extraction mechanism for extracting seawater in the evaporation tank 2. The liquid extraction mechanism is arranged on the evaporation tank 2. The liquid extraction mechanism includes liquid extraction columns 8 evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. All the liquid extraction columns 8 are hermetically and rotatably connected to the evaporation tank 2. The rotatable angle of the liquid extraction columns 8 does not exceed 360°. All the liquid extraction columns 8 are located between the evaporation tank 2 and the first filling shell 41 (refer to Figure 3And Figure 4 ), a liquid extraction pipe 81 and a liquid injection pipe 82 are arranged in the liquid extraction column 8. The liquid extraction pipe 81 is communicated with the inlet of an external liquid extraction pump through a deformable hose. Both the spray head 6 and the liquid injection pipe 82 are communicated with the outlet of the external liquid extraction pump through a deformable hose. Longitudinally spaced one-way spray heads 83 are arranged on the liquid injection pipe 82. Longitudinally spaced liquid extraction holes 84 are arranged in the liquid extraction column 8. The liquid extraction holes 84 are communicated with adjacent liquid extraction holes 84. The one-way spray heads 83 and the liquid extraction holes 84 on the same liquid extraction column 8 are in one-to-one correspondence. The liquid extraction pipe 81 extracts seawater at the lower part of the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid extraction holes 84. A motor 9 is fixedly connected to the lower part of the support base 1. The output shaft of the motor 9 is in transmission connection with all the liquid extraction columns 8 through a gear set (refer to Figure 4 ).

[0062] Refer to Figure 10 , the included angle between the axis of the one-way spray head 83 and the axis of the liquid extraction hole 84 on the same horizontal plane of the same liquid extraction column 8 is less than 180° and greater than 90°. When the liquid extraction column 8 is in an idle state, the angular bisector of the included angle between the axis of the one-way spray head 83 and the axis of the liquid extraction hole 84 passes through the axis of the evaporation tank 2. The one-way spray head 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 are used to promote the circulating flow of the seawater at the lower inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 along the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2.

[0063] The above settings can be achieved. The liquid extraction pump extracts seawater from the lower part of the evaporation tank 2 through the liquid extraction hole 84 and conveys the seawater into the spray head 6 and the liquid injection pipeline 82. In the initial state, the axis of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 both face the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. The liquid extraction hole 84 promotes the flow of the surrounding seawater by extracting seawater, and the liquid injection pipeline 82 promotes the flow of seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 by spraying water flow to impact the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. On the one hand, it increases the heat exchange efficiency between the seawater and the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. On the other hand, it increases the seawater flow rate and reduces the possibility of local scaling of the seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 when the evaporation rate of the seawater at the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 is greater than that of the seawater inside the evaporation tank 2. Moreover, the rotation of all the liquid extraction columns 8 can be driven by controlling the motor 9, so as to disrupt the flow path of the seawater in the evaporation tank 2 in a more chaotic state. When the salt content concentration of the seawater has risen to a certain value after evaporation for a period of time (for example, when it is greater than 60 g / L), the staff can control the liquid extraction column 8 to rotate to the initial non-operating state position and turn off the motor 9. At this time, the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 both face the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2, and compared with the state where the axes of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 are parallel, the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84 can better guide the seawater to impact and clean the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 near the adjacent liquid extraction column 8. And at this time, all the liquid extraction columns 8 jointly drive the seawater at the lower side in the evaporation tank 2 to flow counterclockwise. During the seawater flow process, it is repeatedly in contact with the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2 under the guidance of the one-way nozzle 83 and the liquid extraction hole 84, further reducing the possibility of scaling on the inner wall of the evaporation tank 2. The staff can freely switch between the above two working states of the liquid extraction column 8 according to needs.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of protection of the present invention should be given the broadest interpretation so as to cover all variations and equivalent structures and functions.

Claims

1. An integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization, including a support base (1), the support base (1) is fixedly connected with an evaporation tank (2), the inner wall of the evaporation tank (2) is fixedly connected with a heating pipe (21), and an electronic float (3) is installed in the evaporation tank (2), characterized in that: A filling assembly (4) is arranged in the evaporation tank (2). The filling assembly (4) includes a first filling shell (41). The first filling shell (41) is fixedly connected to the inner bottom of the evaporation tank (2). The first filling shell (41) is hermetically and limit slidably connected to a second filling shell (42), and a first tension spring (411) is installed between the two. The second filling shell (42) is hermetically and limit slidably connected to a third filling shell (43), and a second tension spring (421) is installed between the two. The third filling shell (43) is hermetically and limit slidably connected to a fourth filling shell (44), and a third tension spring (431) is installed between the two. An electric push rod (441) is fixedly connected in the evaporation tank (2). The electric push rod (441) is located in the first filling shell (41). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (441) is fixedly connected to the fourth filling shell (44). A conduction pipe (5) and a gas separation shell (7) are fixedly connected in the evaporation tank (2). The conduction pipe (5) is fixedly connected with a spray head (6). A waste heat utilization mechanism for heating seawater by using the steam generated in the evaporation tank (2) is arranged in the filling assembly (4).

2. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1, wherein: The gas separation shell (7) is provided with an air inlet (201) and a separation chamber (202). The evaporation tank (2) is provided with a diversion chamber (203). The air inlet (201), the separation chamber (202) and the diversion chamber (203) are sequentially communicated. The separation chamber (202) is used for separating water vapor and liquid droplets therein. The diversion chamber (203) is communicated with the inlet of an external compression pump.

3. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste heat utilization mechanism includes four diversion pipes (45). The four diversion pipes (45) are respectively fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44). Inlet pipes (451) and outlet pipes (452) are fixedly connected to the inner walls of the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44). The inlet pipes (451) and the outlet pipes (452) are respectively fixedly connected to and communicated with both ends of the diversion pipes (45). The outlet pipes (452) are communicated with the outside. The conduction pipe (5) is communicated with the outlet of an external compression pump. Four communication holes are longitudinally and spacedly distributed on the conduction pipe (5). The conduction pipe (5) is provided with a communication assembly for respectively communicating the four communication holes with the corresponding diversion pipes (45).

4. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic coefficient of the first tension spring (411) is less than that of the second tension spring (421), and the elastic coefficient of the second tension spring (421) is less than that of the third tension spring (431).

5. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all provided with a liquid guide cavity (453). The inlet pipe (451) is communicated with the conduction pipe (5) through the corresponding liquid guide cavity (453). The first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all fixedly connected with a liquid discharge head (454), and the liquid discharge head (454) is used for communicating the liquid guide cavity (453) with the outside.

6. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting component includes four mounting brackets (46) which are longitudinally and spaced apart. The mounting brackets (46) are fixedly connected to the corresponding communication holes of the conduction pipe (5). The mounting brackets (46) are slidably connected with a blocking block (461), and a first spring (462) is installed between the two. The blocking block (461) is used for blocking the corresponding communication hole. The first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43) and the fourth filling shell (44) are all slidably connected with an extrusion cone head (47), and the extrusion cone head (47) is used for extruding the blocking block (461). A second spring (471) is fixedly connected between the first filling shell (41), the second filling shell (42), the third filling shell (43), the fourth filling shell (44) and the corresponding extrusion cone head (47).

7. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fourth filling shell (44) is provided with a shielding part (442), and the shielding part (442) is used for blocking the communication hole on the conduction pipe (5) above the first filling shell (41).

8. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 2, wherein: The gas separation shell (7) is fixedly connected with a liquid guide ring (71). The liquid guide ring (71) is provided with liquid guiding tips (711) which are circumferentially and evenly distributed, and the liquid guiding tips (711) are used for guiding the seawater sprayed out by the spray head (6) to drip downward.

9. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: It further includes a liquid pumping mechanism for pumping the seawater in the evaporation tank (2). The liquid pumping mechanism is arranged on the evaporation tank (2). The liquid pumping mechanism includes liquid pumping columns (8) which are circumferentially and evenly distributed. The liquid pumping columns (8) are hermetically and rotatably connected to the bottom of the evaporation tank (2). The liquid pumping columns (8) are located between the evaporation tank (2) and the first filling shell (41). A liquid pumping pipeline (81) and a liquid injection pipeline (82) are arranged in the liquid pumping columns (8). The liquid injection pipeline (82) is provided with one-way spray heads (83) which are longitudinally and spaced apart. The liquid pumping columns (8) are provided with liquid pumping holes (84) which are longitudinally and spaced apart, and the liquid pumping holes (84) are communicated with the adjacent liquid pumping pipelines (81). A motor (9) is fixedly connected under the support base (1), and the output shaft of the motor (9) is in transmission connection with all the liquid pumping columns (8) through a gear set.

10. The integrated process system for seawater desalination based on waste heat utilization according to claim 9, characterized in that: The included angle between the projection of the axis of the one-way spray head (83) on the horizontal plane and the projection of the axis of the liquid pumping hole (84) on the horizontal plane on the same liquid pumping column (8) is less than 180° and greater than 90°.

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