Light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function as well as preparation method and application of light-transmitting composite material

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of thermosetting polymer composite materials, and discloses a light-transmitting composite material with an ultraviolet shielding function and a preparation method and application thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing 35-55 parts of an epoxy prepolymer, 30-40 parts of a curing agent, 0.05-1 part of a catalyst and 0-61.5 parts of an auxiliary agent to obtain a matrix resin mixture; the epoxy prepolymer at least contains an alicyclic epoxy prepolymer, and the proportion of the alicyclic epoxy prepolymer is not less than 50%; the curing agent is alicyclic diamine containing a semi-aromatic imine bond; the catalyst is a tertiary amine or imidazole catalyst; (2) dipping continuous fibers in the melt or solution of the matrix resin mixture, drying, and cooling to obtain a prepreg; and (3) carrying out hot-pressing curing molding on the prepreg to obtain the light-transmitting composite material. The composite material has excellent ultraviolet shielding, light transmission, mechanical properties and heat resistance, the preparation process is simple, and the prepared composite material can be recycled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermosetting polymer composites, and particularly relates to a thermosetting polymer composite with ultraviolet shielding, high light transmittance, and recyclability, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the significant difference in refractive index between the thermosetting resin matrix and the reinforcing fiber, light scatters at the interface, making it difficult to achieve high light transmittance of the composite material. At the same time, to meet the requirement of high mechanical strength, it is usually necessary to increase the content of the reinforcing fiber, which further exacerbates the light scattering effect, making it difficult to balance the optical and mechanical properties of the composite material. This limitation severely restricts the application of composite materials in fields such as aviation, military, high-energy ray protection devices, photovoltaic modules, and building materials. For example, in the aviation field, high light transmittance composite materials can be used for aircraft windows and radomes, while high mechanical strength is a necessary condition to ensure structural safety; in the photovoltaic field, light transmittance composite materials can be used for encapsulation materials of solar cells, but their insufficient mechanical properties will affect the durability and reliability of the modules.

[0003] In addition, ordinary thermosetting resins and their composites, due to their three-dimensional cross-linked network structure, cannot be physically recycled by dissolution or melting like thermoplastic resins. Their waste is usually disposed of by landfill or incineration, which not only causes a huge waste of resources but also poses a serious threat to the environment and ecological safety. Landfill disposal will lead to the occupation of land resources and potential soil pollution, while incineration will release harmful gases (such as dioxins, nitrogen oxides, etc.) and particulate matter, exacerbating air pollution and the greenhouse effect. Therefore, developing a thermosetting composite material with both high light transmittance, high mechanical strength, and recyclability is of great significance for promoting the application of composite materials in high-end fields and achieving sustainable utilization of resources.

[0004] To achieve this goal, researchers usually adopt the following strategies: (1) regulating the refractive index of the resin matrix through molecular design to match it with the refractive index of the reinforcing fiber, thereby reducing interfacial light scattering; (2) introducing nano-fillers or functional interfacial layers to optimize the interfacial bonding state and simultaneously improve the mechanical and optical properties of the material; (3) introducing dynamic covalent bonds (such as Diels-Alder bonds, disulfide bonds, etc.) or reversible cross-linked structures into the resin matrix, enabling the material to depolymerize or reorganize under specific stimuli (such as heat, light, pH value), thereby realizing the recycling of the material. Although these strategies have achieved certain results in improving a certain aspect of the performance of the composite material, it is still difficult to simultaneously take into account multiple objectives such as the optical performance, mechanical performance, environmental friendliness, and resource sustainability of the material. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite material with ultraviolet shielding, light transmission, and recyclability.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for preparing a light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) By mass, 35-55 parts of epoxy prepolymer, 30-40 parts of curing agent, 0.05-1 part of catalyst, and 0-61.5 parts of auxiliary agent are mixed evenly to obtain a matrix resin mixture; at least one alicyclic epoxy prepolymer is contained in the epoxy prepolymer, and its mass ratio is not less than 50%; the curing agent is an alicyclic diamine containing semi-aromatic imine bond; the catalyst is a tertiary amine or an imidazole-based catalyst;

[0009] (2) Continuous fibers are impregnated in the melt or solution of the matrix resin mixture, and after drying treatment and cooling, prepregs are obtained;

[0010] (3) The prepregs are hot-pressed and cured to obtain a light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function.

[0011] Preferably, the epoxy prepolymer is any one or more of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, organosilicon-modified bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, bisphenol F diglycidyl ether, phenolic diglycidyl ether, diethylenetetrahydrophthalate diglycidyl ester, dihexahydrophthalate diglycidyl ester, 1,2-epoxycyclohexane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, trimethylolpropane diglycidyl ether, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexylmethyl ester, bis((3,4-epoxycyclohexyl)methyl) adipate, tetrahydroindene diepoxide, divinylcyclohexene dioxide, (3,4,3’,4’-diepoxy)bicyclohexane, 1,2-epoxy-4-vinylcyclohexane, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl methacrylate, 3,4-epoxycyclohexyl methacrylate, dicyclopentadiene diepoxide, methyl 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate).

[0012] Preferably, the curing agent includes any one or more of the following structures:

[0013]

[0014] Preferably, the catalyst is one or a mixture of two or more of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, triethylamine, triethanolamine, benzyldimethylamine, o-hydroxybenzyldimethylamine, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-ethylimidazole, 1-aminoethyl-2-methylimidazole.

[0015] Preferably, the continuous fiber is one or more of fiberglass cloth, fiberglass mat, quartz fiber cloth, and quartz fiber mat.

[0016] Preferably, the mass percentage content of the continuous fiber in the composite material is 10% - 80%, and the mass percentage content of the matrix resin in the composite material is 20% - 90%.

[0017] Preferably, by mass, the additives include 10 - 20 parts of toughening agent, 3 - 10 parts of flame retardant, 0.5 - 1 part of coupling agent, 0.1 - 0.5 part of defoaming agent, and 0 - 30 parts of organic solvent.

[0018] Preferably, the toughening agent is one or more of phenoxy resin, liquid polysulfide rubber, and liquid silicone rubber.

[0019] Preferably, the flame retardant is one or more of phenoxycyclophosphazene, dimethyl methylphosphonate, 9,10 - dihydro - 9 - oxa - 10 - phosphaphenanthrene - 10 - oxide, and 10 - (2,5 - dihydroxyphenyl) - 10H - 9 - oxa - 10 - phosphaphenanthrene - 10 - oxide.

[0020] Preferably, the coupling agent is one or more of 3 - (2,3 - epoxypropoxy) propyltrimethoxysilane, γ - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N - aminoethyl - γ - aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N - aminoethyl - γ - aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ - methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.

[0021] Preferably, the defoaming agent is one or more of BYK - 054, BYK - A530, BYK - 1765, and Efka PB 2720.

[0022] Preferably, the organic solvent is one or more of methyl ethyl ketone, acetone, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and tetrahydrofuran.

[0023] Preferably, during the mixing in step (1), it is stirred at 20 - 60°C for 5 - 30 minutes.

[0024] Preferably, the drying treatment in step (2) is: drying at 60 - 120°C for 1 - 5 minutes.

[0025] Preferably, the conditions for the hot - press curing and forming in step (3) are: maintaining a pressure of 5 - 25 MPa, heating at a heating rate of 2 - 10°C / minute to 80 - 120°C, holding for 0.5 - 2 hours, then heating at a heating rate of 3 - 10°C / minute to 160 - 180°C and holding for 1 - 3 hours, and finally cooling at a rate of 1 - 5°C / minute to below 100°C for demolding.

[0026] Application of the light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function prepared by the above method in transparent windows, light-transmitting plates or transparent structural components.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0028] (1) Optical properties: The composite material exhibits excellent light transmittance in the visible light wavelength range, reaching 87% - 94%, which can meet the requirements of high transparency applications. At the same time, without adding ultraviolet shielding agents, the material can almost completely shield ultraviolet rays and has excellent ultraviolet resistance, suitable for application scenarios that require ultraviolet protection.

[0029] (2) Mechanical properties: The composite material has excellent mechanical properties, and the tensile strength reaches 284 - 1174 MPa, indicating that it has high strength and toughness and is suitable for occasions that need to bear large mechanical stresses.

[0030] (3) Heat resistance: The glass transition temperature of the material is 154 - 176 °C, indicating that it has good heat resistance and can maintain stable performance at higher temperatures, suitable for applications in high-temperature environments.

[0031] (4) Environmental protection performance: The composite material can be rapidly degraded in a specific solution, indicating its good environmental friendliness; the resin degradation products and fibers can be recycled and reused, meeting the requirements of sustainable development and having broad application prospects, especially in fields with high environmental protection requirements. Description of the drawings

[0032] Figure 1 It is the light transmittance diagram of the composite material, (a) the sample of Example 1, (b) the sample of Comparative Example 1. Specific embodiments

[0033] The following further illustrates the present invention with specific embodiments, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0034] The E-glass fiber unidirectional cloth, high-strength glass fiber mat, C-glass fiber plain cloth, and quartz glass fiber plain cloth are respectively purchased from Chongqing International Composite Co., Ltd., China National Bluestar (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai Qikuo Industry Co., Ltd., and Henan Changyu New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Add 20 parts of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (NPEL-128), 20 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 12 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 32 parts of curing agent C, 0.2 part of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 10 parts of phenoxy resin, 5 parts of dimethyl methylphosphonate as a flame retardant, 0.5 part of coupling agent γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 0.3 part of defoaming agent BYK-1765, and 10 parts of tetrahydrofuran into a stirring kettle, and mix at room temperature for 20 minutes until homogeneous to obtain a matrix resin mixture. Pour the mixture into a sizing bath at 40°C. After impregnating and squeezing the E-glass fiber plain weave fabric through the sizing bath, bake it in an oven at 80°C for 5 minutes to remove the solvent, and then naturally cool it to room temperature to obtain a prepreg. Cut it according to the mold size. Stack a certain number of prepregs in the same direction in the mold according to the required thickness of the material. Place the mold in a hot press and close the mold. Heat it to 80°C at a rate of 10°C / minute, apply pressure up to 10 MPa, keep the temperature for 1 hour, exhaust twice, keep the pressure unchanged, heat it to 160°C at a rate of 10°C / minute and keep the temperature for 1 hour, and then cool it to below 100°C at a rate of 2°C / minute to demold to obtain a composite laminate. The mass percentage content of glass fiber in the composite is 60.3%, and the mass percentage content of the resin is 39.7%. Determine the tensile properties of the composite according to the test method for tensile properties of fiber-reinforced plastics in GBT1447-2005. According to the standard test method for haze and light transmittance of transparent plastics in ASTM D1003-21, use an ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometer to measure the light transmittance in the wavelength range of 200-800 nm. The thickness of the composite is 1 mm. Test the glass transition temperature of the composite according to the test method for glass transition temperature of polymer matrix composites - dynamic mechanical analysis method (DMA) in GB / T 40396-2021. Cut the composite sample into 1 cm·1 cm·1 mm, and soak it in a mixed solution of 10 parts of ethylenediamine, 10 parts of diethylenetriamine, 30 parts of acetone, and 50 parts of N-methylpyrrolidone at room temperature to test the relative average degradation rate of the matrix resin.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] 18 parts of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (Epikote 862), 15 parts of diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, 10 parts of divinylcyclohexene dioxide, 37 parts of curing agent G, 0.3 part of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, 8 parts of phenoxy resin, 6 parts of liquid polysulfide rubber, 5 parts of flame retardant phenoxycyclophosphazene, 0.5 part of coupling agent 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, 0.2 part of defoaming agent BYK-A530, and 20 parts of acetone were added to a stirring kettle and mixed at 40 °C for 15 minutes until homogeneous to obtain a matrix resin mixture. The mixture was poured into a sizing bath at 50 °C. After the E-glass fiber unidirectional fabric was impregnated and squeezed through the sizing bath, it was dried in an oven at 120 °C for 2 minutes to remove the solvent and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a prepreg. It was cut according to the mold size. A certain number of prepregs were stacked in the same direction in the mold according to the required thickness of the material. The mold was placed in a hot press and the mold was closed. It was heated to 100 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min, pressurized to 25 MPa, kept warm for 2 hours, degassed once, the pressure was kept unchanged, heated to 180 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min and kept warm for 2 hours, and cooled to below 100 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min to demold to obtain a composite laminate. The mass percentage content of glass fiber in the composite material was 79.6%, and the mass percentage content of the resin was 21.4%. The test method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] 15 parts of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (NPEL-134), 15 parts of (3,4,3’,4’-diepoxy)bicyclohexyl, 15 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 36 parts of curing agent D, 0.5 part of triethanolamine, 5 parts of phenoxy resin, 7 parts of liquid silicone rubber, 5 parts of flame retardant 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 1 part of coupling agent N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 0.5 part of defoaming agent BYK-054, and 30 parts of ethyl acetate were added to a stirring kettle and mixed at 60 °C for 10 minutes until homogeneous to obtain a matrix resin mixture. The mixture was poured into a sizing bath at 60 °C. After the high-strength glass fiber mat was impregnated and squeezed through the sizing bath, it was dried in an oven at 100 °C for 3 minutes to remove the solvent and then naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a prepreg. It was cut according to the mold size. A certain number of prepregs were stacked in the same direction in the mold according to the required thickness of the material. The mold was placed in a hot press and the mold was closed. It was heated to 120 °C at a rate of 10 °C / min, pressurized to 15 MPa, kept warm for 0.5 hour, degassed once, the pressure was kept unchanged, heated to 170 °C at a rate of 5 °C / min and kept warm for 1 hour, and cooled to below 100 °C at a rate of 3 °C / min to demold to obtain a composite laminate. The mass percentage content of glass fiber in the composite material was 31.1%, and the mass percentage content of the resin was 68.9%. The test method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0041] Example 4

[0042] 15 parts of phenolic glycidyl ether (EPALLOY 8240), 15 parts of tetrahydroindene diepoxide, 12 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, 30 parts of curing agent A, 2 parts of curing agent D, 0.1 part of benzyldimethylamine, 10 parts of phenoxy resin, 5 parts of liquid silicone rubber, 9.4 parts of flame retardant 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10H-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, 1 part of coupling agent N-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and 0.5 part of defoaming agent Efka PB 2720 were added to a stirring kettle, and mixed at 40°C for 15 minutes until homogeneous to obtain a matrix resin mixture. The mixture was poured into a sizing bath at 40°C. The C-glass fiber plain weave fabric was impregnated through the sizing bath, squeezed, and then dried in an oven at 60°C for 1 minute and naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain prepreg. It was cut according to the mold size. A certain number of prepregs were stacked in the same direction in the mold according to the required thickness of the material. The mold was placed in a hot press and the mold was closed. It was heated to 80°C at a rate of 10°C / minute, pressurized to 20 MPa, kept warm for 1 hour, degassed once, the pressure was kept constant, heated to 160°C at a rate of 10°C / minute and kept warm for 1 hour, and cooled to below 100°C at a rate of 1°C / minute to demold to obtain a composite laminate. The mass percentage content of the composite fiber was 70.3%, and the mass percentage content of the resin was 29.7%. The testing method was the same as that in Example 1.

[0043] Example 5

[0044] Add 15 parts of silicone-modified bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (EPSI-3201), 13 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 8 parts of divinylcyclohexene dioxide, 23 parts of curing agent G, 11 parts of curing agent L, 0.5 part of 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 0.5 part of triethanolamine, 10 parts of phenoxy resin, 10 parts of liquid polysulfide rubber, 7.5 parts of flame retardant dimethyl methylphosphonate, 1 part of coupling agent γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 0.5 part of defoamer BYK-1765, 15 parts of acetone, and 15 parts of tetrahydrofuran into a stirring kettle, and mix at room temperature for 30 minutes until uniform to obtain a matrix resin mixture. Pour the mixture into a sizing bath at 50°C. Immerse the plain weave quartz glass fiber cloth through the sizing bath, squeeze out the glue, then dry it in an oven at 100°C for 3 minutes to remove the solvent, and naturally cool it to room temperature to obtain prepreg. Cut it according to the mold size. Stack a certain number of prepregs in the same direction in the mold according to the required thickness of the material. Place the mold in a hot press and close the mold. Heat it at a rate of 2°C / minute to 110°C, apply pressure up to 15 MPa, keep warm for 1 hour, exhaust 2 times, keep the pressure unchanged, heat it at a rate of 3°C / minute to 180°C and keep warm for 3 hours, and cool it at a rate of 2°C / minute to below 100°C to demold to obtain a composite laminate. The mass percentage content of the composite fiber is 62.5%, and the mass percentage content of the resin is 37.5%. The testing method is the same as that in Example 1.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: 24.9 parts of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (NPEL-128), 24.9 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 14.9 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and 19.3 parts of isophorone diamine are used instead of 20 parts of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (NPEL-128), 20 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 12 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and 32 parts of curing agent C. Others are the same as in Example 1. The mass percentage content of the composite fiber is 61.6%, and the mass percentage content of the resin is 38.4%.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] The difference between this comparative example and Example 2 is that: 25.1 parts of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (Epikote862), 20.9 parts of diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, 13.9 parts of divinylcyclohexene dioxide, and 20.1 parts of menthanediamine are used instead of 18 parts of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (Epikote 862), 15 parts

[0049] Diglycidyl hexahydrophthalate, 10 parts of divinylcyclohexene, 37 parts of curing agent G. Others are the same as in Example 2. The mass percentage content of glass fiber in the composite material is 79.8%, and the mass percentage content of the resin is 21.2%.

[0050] Comparative Example 3

[0051] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that: 23.8 parts of bisphenol A glycidyl ether (NPEL-128), 23.8 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 14.4 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and 22 parts of aliphatic diamine containing semi-aromatic imine bond are used instead of 20 parts of bisphenol A glycidyl ether (NPEL-128), 20 parts of diglycidyl 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylate, 12 parts of 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl 3',4'-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylate, and 32 parts of curing agent C. Others are the same as in Example 1. The mass percentage content of fiber in the composite material is 60.9%, and the mass percentage content of the resin is 39.1%.

[0052] Table 1 Comparison of Composite Material Properties

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] The results in Table 1 show that, compared with the comparative examples, the composite material prepared by the present invention has better light transmittance in the visible light wavelength range (the light transmittance reaches 87% - 94%), and better shielding effect in the ultraviolet light wavelength range (almost completely shielding ultraviolet rays); the composite material prepared by the present invention has excellent mechanical properties (the tensile strength reaches 284 - 1174 MPa) and heat resistance (the glass transition temperature is 154 - 176 °C), and the heat resistance is 13 - 18 °C higher than that of the comparative examples; the composite material prepared by the present invention can be rapidly degraded in special solutions, and the resin degradation products and fibers can be recycled and reused.

[0056] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be equivalent replacement methods and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) By weight, 35 to 55 parts of epoxy prepolymer, 30 to 40 parts of curing agent, 0.05 to 1 part of catalyst and 0 to 61.5 parts of auxiliary agent are mixed uniformly to obtain a matrix resin mixture; the epoxy prepolymer contains at least one alicyclic epoxy prepolymer, and its weight proportion is not less than 50%; the curing agent is an alicyclic diamine containing a semi-aromatic imine bond; the catalyst is a tertiary amine or an imidazole catalyst; (2) impregnating the continuous fibers into a melt or solution of a matrix resin mixture, drying the mixture, and cooling the mixture to obtain a prepreg; (3) The prepreg is heat-pressed and cured to obtain a light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The epoxy prepolymer is bisphenol A glycidyl ether, hydrogenated bisphenol A glycidyl ether, silicone-modified bisphenol A glycidyl ether, bisphenol F glycidyl ether, phenolic glycidyl ether, tetrahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, hexahydrophthalic acid diglycidyl ester, 1,2-epoxycyclohexane-4,5-dicarboxylic acid diglycidyl ester, trimethylolpropane glycidyl ether, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylcarboxylic acid-3',4'-epoxycyclohexyl methyl ester, bis((3,4-epoxycyclohexyl) Any one or more of cyclopentadiene diepoxide, 3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid methyl ester, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol bis(3,4-epoxycyclohexanecarboxylic acid) ester.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curing agent includes any one or more of the following structures: 。 4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The catalyst is one or a mixture of two or more of 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, triethylamine, triethanolamine, benzyldimethylamine, o-hydroxybenzyldimethylamine, 2-ethyl-4-methylimidazole, 1-benzyl-2-ethylimidazole, and 1-aminoethyl-2-methylimidazole; the continuous fiber is one or more of glass fiber cloth, glass fiber felt, quartz fiber cloth, and quartz fiber felt.

5. The preparation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mass percentage of the continuous fibers in the composite material is 10% to 80%.

6. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In parts by mass, the auxiliary agent includes 10 to 20 parts of a toughening agent, 3 to 10 parts of a flame retardant, 0.5 to 1 part of a coupling agent, 0.1 to 0.5 parts of a defoaming agent and 0 to 30 parts of an organic solvent.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The toughening agent is one or more of phenoxy resin, liquid polysulfide rubber, and liquid silicone rubber; the flame retardant is one or more of phenoxy cyclophosphazene, dimethyl methylphosphonate, 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, and 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-10-hydrogen-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide; the coupling agent is one or more of 3-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)propyltrimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-aminoethyl-γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; the defoaming agent is BYK-054, BYK-A530, BYK-1765, Efka PB 2720; the organic solvent is one or more of butanone, acetone, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and tetrahydrofuran.

8. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the mixing in step (1), stirring at 20 to 60° C. for 5 to 30 minutes; The drying process in step (2) is: drying at 60 to 120° C. for 1 to 5 minutes; The conditions for the hot pressing curing molding described in step (3) are: maintaining a pressure of 5 to 25 MPa, heating to 80 to 120°C at a heating rate of 2 to 10°C / min, keeping warm for 0.5 to 2 hours, then heating to 160 to 180°C at a heating rate of 3 to 10°C / min and keeping warm for 1 to 3 hours, and finally cooling to below 100°C at a rate of 1 to 5°C / min and demolding.

9. A light-transmitting composite material with ultraviolet shielding function obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the material according to claim 9 in transparent windows, light-transmitting plates or transparent structural parts.

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