Carbonization combustion device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to a carbonization combustion device and method.The carbonization combustion device comprises carbonization equipment, combustion equipment and an air distribution device, and the carbonization equipment is provided with a carbonization cavity; the combustion equipment is provided with a combustion cavity which is communicated with the carbonization cavity through a gas pipeline; the air distribution device is provided with an air pipe inlet, an air distribution inlet, a natural gas inlet and an air pipe outlet, the air pipe inlet is communicated with the carbonization cavity so as to convey part of pyrolysis gas in the carbonization cavity to the air distribution device, and the air pipe outlet is communicated with the combustion cavity; the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet convey air and natural gas to the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, and hot smoke generated by combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion cavity is conveyed back to the carbonization cavity through the gas conveying pipeline. According to the invention, the technical problems of difficult tar treatment, high nitrogen oxide generation amount, insufficient pyrolysis gas combustion and the like in biomass carbonization, which are easy to cause environmental pollution, are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbonization combustion, and further relates to a carbonization combustion device and method, and particularly relates to a carbonization combustion device and method applied to a continuous biomass carbonization furnace. Background Art

[0002] With the adjustment of the global energy structure and the development of renewable energy, biomass energy, as a clean and renewable energy form, has gradually attracted wide attention. The development and utilization of biomass energy not only helps to reduce the dependence on fossil energy, lower greenhouse gas emissions, but also promotes the resource utilization of agricultural waste, which has important economic and environmental significance. Among many biomass energy conversion technologies, biomass carbonization is an effective energy conversion method. It converts biomass raw materials into solid carbon products (biochar) and gaseous fuels (combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen) through a pyrolysis process. These products all have high energy density and broad application prospects.

[0003] Traditional biomass carbonization processes are mostly batch operations, which have problems such as low production efficiency, high energy consumption, and unstable product quality. In order to improve the carbonization efficiency and product quality and achieve large-scale production, the research and development of continuous biomass carbonization furnaces have become the focus of the industry. Continuous carbonization furnaces achieve the efficient conversion of biomass materials through continuous feeding and continuous discharging, significantly improving production efficiency and reducing the energy consumption per unit product; at the same time, the continuous operation mode is conducive to controlling key parameters such as temperature and time during the carbonization process, thereby ensuring the quality consistency of products such as biochar.

[0004] However, the design and operation of continuous biomass carbonization furnaces face many challenges. Traditional carbonization processes directly recycle pyrolysis gas to the combustion chamber, facing the problem of treating condensed tar, which often leads to equipment blockage and a decline in operation efficiency; at the same time, the incomplete combustion of pyrolysis gas results in low energy conversion efficiency and exacerbates pollutant emissions, such as NO x As a major air pollutant, it will cause environmental problems such as acid rain and photochemical smog.

[0005] In view of the problems in the related technology that it is difficult to treat tar in biomass carbonization, the high generation amount of nitrogen oxides, and the incomplete combustion of pyrolysis gas, which are likely to cause environmental pollution, no effective solution has been given yet.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention proposes a carbonization combustion device and method to solve at least one of the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The object of the present invention is to provide a carbonization combustion device and method, which can efficiently carbonize biomass (such as straw) and make full use of the pyrolysis gas generated, effectively solving the problems in the prior art that the continuous biomass carbonization furnace has difficult tar treatment, high nitrogen oxide generation, insufficient pyrolysis gas combustion and other problems that are prone to environmental pollution during biomass carbonization.

[0008] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a carbonization combustion device, which includes:

[0010] A carbonization device for carbonizing biomass, the carbonization device has a carbonization chamber, and the biomass is transported into the carbonization chamber for carbonization;

[0011] A combustion device for burning the pyrolysis gas generated by carbonization, the combustion device has a combustion chamber, and the combustion chamber is communicated with the carbonization chamber through a gas transmission pipeline;

[0012] An air distribution device, the air distribution device at least has an air duct inlet, an air distribution inlet, a natural gas inlet and an air duct outlet. The air duct inlet is communicated with the carbonization chamber to transport the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber to the air distribution device. The air duct outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber. The air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet are used to respectively transport air and natural gas to the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas burns sufficiently in the combustion chamber, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber is transported back to the carbonization chamber through the gas transmission pipeline.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution device includes an air duct and an air distribution hood. The air duct has the air duct inlet and the air duct outlet. The air distribution hood is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct, and the air duct inlet and the air duct outlet respectively extend to the outside of the air distribution hood. A multi-stage air distribution space is formed between the inner wall of the air distribution hood and the outer wall of the air duct. There are a plurality of air inlet holes on the outer wall of the air duct, and the plurality of air inlet holes are used to communicate the inside of the air duct with the air distribution space. The air distribution inlet is arranged on the air distribution hood and is communicated with the air distribution space, and a first fan is arranged at the air distribution inlet.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution device further includes a natural gas inlet pipe. The inlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe is the natural gas inlet, and the natural gas inlet is used to be connected with a natural gas pipeline. The outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe sequentially passes through the air distribution hood, the air distribution space and the air duct and extends into the inside of the air duct.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe is an open structure, and the cross-sectional area of the open structure gradually increases from the gas outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe to the air duct outlet direction.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution device further includes an air distribution pipe, one end of the air distribution pipe is connected to the air distribution inlet, and the other end of the air distribution pipe is connected to the natural gas inlet pipe or the natural gas inlet.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of the air inlet holes are circumferentially and spacedly distributed along the air duct.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of igniters are provided on the carbonization device.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbonization device has a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, a feeding pipeline is arranged in the carbonization chamber, both ends of the feeding pipeline are respectively connected to the feed inlet and the discharge outlet, and a first screw conveyor is arranged in the feeding pipeline.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the discharge outlet is connected to the inlet of the carbon storage tank through a carbon discharge pipeline, a fifth screw conveyor is arranged in the carbon discharge pipeline, and a spray head is arranged at the inlet of the carbon storage tank;

[0021] The control end of the spray head and the control end of the fifth screw conveyor are respectively electrically connected to the control signal output end of the controller.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbonization device has an air outlet communicated with the carbonization chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the air duct inlet of the air distribution device through an air outlet pipeline to convey the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber to the air distribution device.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second blower is arranged on the air outlet pipeline, and the second blower is used for sucking and conveying the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber to the air distribution device.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer wall of the combustion device.

[0025] The present invention provides a carbonization combustion method, which carbonizes materials by using the above-mentioned carbonization combustion device, and the carbonization combustion method includes the following steps:

[0026] Biomass is carbonized through the carbonization chamber of the carbonization device;

[0027] The pyrolysis gas obtained by carbonizing the biomass in the carbonization chamber is sucked and transported to the combustion chamber of the combustion device;

[0028] Air and natural gas are respectively supplied to the air distribution device through the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet on the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas burns fully in the combustion chamber;

[0029] The hot flue gas generated by burning the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber is transported back to the carbonization chamber to provide heat source for the carbonization of the biomass.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, before the biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization device, it includes:

[0031] Air and natural gas are respectively supplied to the carbonization device through the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet, and are ignited by an igniter.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the carbonization of the biomass in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization device includes:

[0033] When the biomass continuously and stably generates the pyrolysis gas during carbonization, the igniter is turned off and / or the supply of natural gas to the air distribution device through the natural gas inlet is stopped.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step of igniting the air and natural gas transported through the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet on the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas to generate a flame, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas burns fully in the combustion chamber includes:

[0035] If the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas does not burn fully, the air supply volume of the first blower is increased, and air is simultaneously transported into the air distribution space;

[0036] If the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas burns fully, the natural gas inlet pipe is closed or the air supply volume to the natural gas inlet pipe is reduced.

[0037] As described above, the characteristics and advantages of the carbonization combustion device and method of the present invention are:

[0038] Biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment, and the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment is connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion equipment through a gas transmission pipeline. Moreover, the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment is also connected to the combustion chamber of the combustion equipment through a air distribution device. During the carbonization and combustion of biomass, the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber is sucked and transported to the combustion chamber of the combustion equipment (as the raw material for combustion), and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber is sent back to the carbonization chamber through the gas transmission pipeline. The hot flue gas returning to the carbonization equipment can provide heat source for carbonizing biomass, realizing the full utilization of pyrolysis gas. Moreover, through the combustion of pyrolysis gas and the heat supply to the carbonization equipment, the stability of the biomass carbonization heat source is ensured, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the carbonization equipment, and enabling the continuous and stable progress of the biomass carbonization reaction.

[0039] In addition, this application is provided with an air distribution device, and the air distribution device at least has an air pipe inlet, an air distribution inlet, a natural gas inlet and an air pipe outlet. Through the air pipe inlet, the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber can be transported to the air distribution device, and the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet can respectively transport air and natural gas to the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas transported to the air distribution device, so as to ensure that the pyrolysis gas transported to the combustion chamber through the air pipe outlet can burn fully in the combustion chamber, improve the energy utilization rate, reduce the emission of polluting gases such as nitrogen oxides, and avoid the situation of environmental pollution caused by incomplete combustion of pyrolysis gas. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0040] The following drawings are only intended to illustrate and explain the present invention schematically, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Among them:

[0042] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the carbonization and combustion device of the present invention in a top view state;

[0043] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the air distribution device in the carbonization and combustion device of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the carbon discharge position in the carbonization and combustion device of the present invention.

[0045] The reference numerals in the present invention are:

[0046] 1. Carbonization equipment; 101. Carbonization chamber;

[0047] 102. Air outlet; 2. Feed hopper;

[0048] 301. First feeding pipeline; 302. Second feeding pipeline;

[0049] 303. Third feeding pipeline; 304. Fourth feeding pipeline;

[0050] 4. Igniter; 5. Combustion equipment;

[0051] 501. Combustion chamber; 502. Heat preservation layer;

[0052] 6. Gas outlet pipe; 601. First main gas outlet pipe;

[0053] 602. Gas outlet branch pipe; 603. Second main gas outlet pipe;

[0054] 7. Air distribution device; 701. Air duct;

[0055] 7011. Air duct inlet; 7012. Air duct outlet;

[0056] 7013. Air inlet hole; 702. Air distribution hood;

[0057] 7021. Air distribution space; 7022. Air distribution inlet;

[0058] 703. Natural gas inlet pipe; 7031. Open structure;

[0059] 704. Natural gas inlet; 7041. Air distribution interface;

[0060] 705. Air distribution pipe; 8. Gas transmission pipe;

[0061] 801. Control valve; 9. Dust collector;

[0062] 10. First fan; 11. Carbon outlet pipe;

[0063] 12. Fifth screw conveyor; 13. Carbon storage tank;

[0064] 14. Controller; 15. Spray head. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent modifications made by those skilled in the art to the present invention all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application.

[0066] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may also be an intermediate element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are only for the purpose of illustration and do not represent the only implementation manner.

[0067] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs. The terms used in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0068] Embodiment 1

[0069] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention provides a carbonization combustion device, which includes a carbonization device 1 for carbonizing biomass, a combustion device 5 for burning the pyrolysis gas generated by carbonization, and an air distribution device 7. The carbonization device 1 has a carbonization chamber 101, and the biomass is transported into the carbonization chamber 101 for carbonization; the combustion device 5 has a combustion chamber 501, and the combustion chamber 501 is communicated with the carbonization chamber 101 through a gas transmission pipeline 8. The gas transmission pipeline 8 is used to transport the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 501 back to the carbonization chamber 101; the air distribution device 7 at least has an air duct inlet 7011, an air distribution inlet 7022, a natural gas inlet 704, and an air duct outlet 7012. The air duct inlet 7011 is communicated with the carbonization chamber 101 to transport the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber 101 to the air distribution device 7, and the air duct outlet 7012 is communicated with the combustion chamber 501. Then, the pyrolysis gas is transported to the combustion chamber 501 through the air distribution device 7. The air distribution inlet 7022 is used to transport air to the air distribution device 7 according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas transported to the combustion chamber 501, and the natural gas inlet 704 is used to transport natural gas to the air distribution device 7 according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas transported to the combustion chamber 501, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas can burn sufficiently in the combustion chamber 501.

[0070] In the present invention, the biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber 101 of the carbonization device 1, and the carbonization chamber 101 of the carbonization device 1 is communicated with the combustion chamber 501 of the combustion device 5 through a gas transmission pipeline 8. Moreover, the carbonization chamber 101 of the carbonization device 1 is also communicated with the combustion chamber 501 of the combustion device 5 through the air distribution device 7. During the carbonization combustion process of the biomass, the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber 101 is transported to the combustion chamber 501 of the combustion device 5 (as the raw material for combustion) through the air distribution device 7, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 501 is sent back to the carbonization chamber 101 through the gas transmission pipeline 8. The hot flue gas returning to the carbonization device 1 can provide a heat source for carbonizing the biomass, realizing the full utilization of the pyrolysis gas. Moreover, by burning the pyrolysis gas and heating the carbonization device 1, the stability of the heat source for biomass carbonization is ensured, ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the carbonization device 1, and enabling the continuous and stable progress of the biomass carbonization reaction.

[0071] In addition, the present application is provided with an air distribution device 7, and the air distribution device 7 at least has an air duct inlet 7011, an air distribution inlet 7022, a natural gas inlet 704, and an air duct outlet 7012. Through the air duct inlet 7011, the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber 101 can be transported to the air distribution device 7, and the air distribution inlet 7022 and the natural gas inlet 704 can respectively transport corresponding air and natural gas to the air distribution device 7 according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas transported to the air distribution device 7, so as to ensure that the pyrolysis gas transported to the combustion chamber 501 through the air duct outlet 7012 can burn sufficiently in the combustion chamber 501, thereby achieving the purpose of improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing the emissions of polluting gases such as nitrogen oxides, and avoiding the situation of environmental pollution caused by insufficient combustion of the pyrolysis gas.

[0072] In the present invention, the biomass can be but is not limited to straw; in the present invention, the pyrolysis gas obtained by carbonizing the biomass is a combustible gas containing methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and low-molecular hydrocarbons. Of course, the biomass in the present invention can also be other organisms formed through photosynthesis, and the specific type of the biomass is not limited herein.

[0073] In the present invention, the carbonization device 1 can be but is not limited to a carbonization furnace, and the combustion device 5 can be but is not limited to a combustion furnace. Of course, the carbonization device 1 can also adopt other existing devices for biomass carbonization, and the combustion device 5 can also adopt other existing devices for pyrolysis gas combustion. The specific forms of the above carbonization device 1 and combustion device 5 are not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art may make other changes under the inspiration of the technical essence of the present application, but as long as the functions and effects achieved are the same or similar to those of the present application, they should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

[0074] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a plurality of igniters 4 are provided on the carbonization device 1 to ignite the carbonization chamber 101, and the igniters 4 only work in the ignition stage. When the biomass in the carbonization chamber 101 is continuously carbonized and can stably generate pyrolysis gas, the combustion device 5 can be used to continuously supply hot flue gas to the carbonization chamber 101 for biomass carbonization. After the carbonization combustion device operates stably, the igniters 4 can stop working, thereby saving fuel and reducing energy consumption.

[0075] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1As shown, the carbonization device 1 is provided with a feeding port (not shown) and a discharging port (not shown). A feeding pipeline is arranged in the carbonization chamber 101. One end of the feeding pipeline is connected to the feeding port, and the other end is connected to the discharging port. A first screw conveyor is arranged in the feeding pipeline. Biomass can be added through the feeding port. The biomass enters the feeding pipeline and is pushed by the first screw conveyor to move towards the discharging port. During this movement, the biomass is gradually carbonized in the carbonization chamber 101 and pyrolysis gas is generated.

[0076] Among them, the first screw conveyor can be, but is not limited to, a shaft screw conveyor, that is, screw blades are arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the screw blades to rotate, and then the rotation of the screw blades pushes the biomass to move forward. The specific form of the above first screw conveyor is not limited to the above example. Those skilled in the art may make other changes under the inspiration of the technical essence of this application, but as long as the functions and effects achieved are the same as or similar to those of this application, they should all be covered by the protection scope of this application.

[0077] Furthermore, as Figure 1 shown, a feed hopper 2 is arranged on the carbonization device 1. The outlet of the feed hopper 2 is connected to the feeding port on the carbonization device 1. Adding biomass to the feeding port through the feed hopper 2 is convenient and fast, improves the adding efficiency of biomass, and can avoid the situation of external leakage during the biomass adding process.

[0078] In this embodiment, the feeding port can be arranged at the top of the carbonization device 1, and the discharging port can be arranged at the bottom of the carbonization device 1; the feeding pipeline can be arranged in a multi-section structure. For example, in this embodiment, the feeding pipeline includes a first feeding pipeline 301, a second feeding pipeline 302, a third feeding pipeline 303 and a fourth feeding pipeline 304 connected in sequence. The inlet of the first feeding pipeline 301 is connected to the feeding port of the carbonization device 1, the outlet of the first feeding pipeline 301 is connected to the inlet of the second feeding pipeline 302, the outlet of the second feeding pipeline 302 is connected to the inlet of the third feeding pipeline 303, the outlet of the third feeding pipeline 303 is connected to the inlet of the fourth feeding pipeline 304, and the outlet of the fourth feeding pipeline 304 is connected to the discharging port of the carbonization device 1. That is, four screw conveyor devices (a first screw conveyor device, a second screw conveyor device, a third screw conveyor device and a fourth screw conveyor device) are respectively arranged. The first screw conveyor device is arranged in the first feeding pipeline 301, the second screw conveyor device is arranged in the second feeding pipeline 302, the third screw conveyor device is arranged in the third feeding pipeline 303, and the fourth screw conveyor device is arranged in the fourth feeding pipeline 304, which are used to push the biomass in sequence. Among them, the first feeding pipeline 301, the second feeding pipeline 302, the third feeding pipeline 303 and the fourth feeding pipeline 304 extend obliquely from top to bottom. In this application, through the multi-section structure setting of the feeding pipeline, it is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and the number of sections of the feeding pipeline can be adjusted to adapt to different conveying distances, having better adaptability. In addition, it ensures the stable conveying of the biomass and ensures the full carbonization of the biomass in the carbonization device 1.

[0079] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 3 shown, the discharging port of the carbonization device 1 is connected to the inlet of the carbon storage tank 13 through a carbon discharging pipeline 11. A fifth screw conveyor device 12 is arranged in the carbon discharging pipeline 11. The solid fuel obtained by carbonization in the carbonization chamber 101 can enter the carbon discharging pipeline 11 through the discharging port, and the fifth screw conveyor device 12 conveys the solid fuel to the carbon storage tank 13 for centralized collection. Among them, the fifth screw conveyor device 12 can be, but is not limited to, a shaft screw conveyor device, that is, spiral blades are arranged on the rotating shaft, and the rotation of the rotating shaft drives the spiral blades to rotate, and then the rotation of the spiral blades pushes the biomass forward. The specific form of the above-mentioned fifth screw conveyor device 12 is not limited to the above examples. Those skilled in the art may make other changes under the inspiration of the technical essence of this application, but as long as the functions and effects achieved by them are the same or similar to those of this application, they should all be covered within the protection scope of this application.

[0080] Furthermore, as Figure 3 shown, a spray head 15 is arranged at the inlet of the carbon storage tank 13 to perform spray treatment when the solid fuel enters the carbon storage tank 13, so as to achieve the purpose of cooling and dust removal.

[0081] Further, as Figure 3 shown, the control ends of the spray head 15 and the fifth screw conveyor 12 are respectively electrically connected to the control signal output end of the controller 14. The working states of the spray head 15 and the fifth screw conveyor 12 can be controlled respectively by the controller. The spraying state of the spray head 15 and the conveying rate of the fifth screw conveyor 12 are adjusted according to the actual output of the solid fuel in the carbonization chamber 101, so as to avoid waste of energy while transporting the solid fuel.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the number of the gas transmission pipelines 8 is multiple. Control valves 801 are respectively arranged on the multiple gas transmission pipelines 8. The control valves 801 are used to control the on-off state of the corresponding gas transmission pipelines 8, so as to control the amount of the returned hot flue gas transported to the carbonization chamber 101.

[0083] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, the carbonization device 1 has an air outlet 102 communicated with the carbonization chamber 101. The air outlet 102 is connected to the air duct inlet 7011 of the air distribution device 7 through the air outlet pipeline 6. The pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber 101 can be transported to the air distribution device 7 through the air outlet pipeline 6.

[0084] Specifically, as Figure 1 shown, the number of the air outlets 102 is multiple. The multiple air outlets 102 are evenly distributed on two opposite sides of the carbonization device 1; the air outlet pipeline 6 includes two air outlet branch pipelines 602, one first air outlet main pipeline 601 and one second air outlet main pipeline 603. The two air outlet branch pipelines 602 are respectively connected to the multiple air outlets 102 on two opposite sides of the carbonization device 1. One ends of the two air outlet branch pipelines 602 are both connected to two ends or positions close to two ends of the first air outlet main pipeline 601. One end of the second air outlet main pipeline 603 is connected to the middle or a position close to the middle of the first air outlet main pipeline 601. The other end of the second air outlet main pipeline 603 is connected to the air duct inlet 7011. The pyrolysis gas generated by carbonization in the carbonization chamber 101 is respectively transported into the air outlet branch pipelines 602 through the multiple air outlets 102, and then converges through the air outlet branch pipelines 602, the first air outlet main pipeline 601 and the second air outlet main pipeline 603 in sequence and is transported to the air distribution device 7.

[0085] Further, as Figure 1 shown, a dust remover 9 is arranged at the air duct inlet 7011 of the second air outlet main pipeline 603 close to the air distribution device 7. The pyrolysis gas entering the air distribution device 7 can be pre-dusted through the dust remover 9, so as to ensure that the pyrolysis gas does not contain dust impurities, and thus the cooperation of the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas with air and natural gas can be more precise, and the full combustion of the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas can be ensured.

[0086] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a second blower (not shown) is provided on the air outlet pipe 6. The pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber 101 can be sucked by the second blower and transported to the air distribution device 7. Wherein, the number of the second blowers can be one or more, and the second blowers can be arranged on the first main air outlet pipe 601, the second main air outlet pipe 603 and / or multiple air outlet branch pipes 602. In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 shown, a heat insulation layer 502 is provided on the outer wall of the combustion device 5, which effectively reduces the heat dissipation in the combustion chamber 501 and improves the safety performance of the combustion chamber 501. During the operation of the entire carbonization and combustion device, tar will not condense. Therefore, there is no need to consider the problem of tar collection additionally. Among them, the heat insulation layer 502 can be, but is not limited to, a heat insulation cotton layer covering the outer wall of the combustion device 5, which plays an effective heat insulation role; in addition, a fireproof material can also be added to the heat insulation cotton layer to achieve the purpose of fire prevention and improve the safety performance of the operation of the combustion device 5. In the present invention, the specific fireproof material is not limited, and any material with fireproof performance can be applied to this embodiment.

[0087] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 , Figure 2 shown, the air distribution device 7 includes an air duct 701 and a cylindrical air distribution hood 702. The two ends of the air duct 701 are respectively an air duct inlet 7011 and an air duct outlet 7012. The air distribution hood 702 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct 701, and the air duct inlet 7011 and the air duct outlet 7012 respectively extend to the outside of the air distribution hood 702. There is an annular gap between the inner wall of the air distribution hood 702 and the outer wall of the air duct 701, and this gap forms a multi-stage air distribution space 7021 between the air distribution hood 702 and the air duct 701. A plurality of air inlet holes 7013 are provided on the outer wall of the air duct 701, and the plurality of air inlet holes 7013 are used to communicate the inside of the air duct 701 with the air distribution space 7021. An air distribution inlet 7022 is provided on the air distribution hood 702 and is communicated with the air distribution space 7021. A first blower 10 is provided at the air distribution inlet 7022. The air is sent into the air distribution space 7021 through the first blower 10, and the air in the air distribution space 7021 can enter the air duct 701 through the plurality of air inlet holes 7013, so as to realize the air distribution control for the combustion device 5 (that is, control the amount of air transported into the combustion device 5).

[0088] In this embodiment, the amount of air entering the air duct 701 from the air distribution space 7021 can be adjusted by adjusting the number of air inlet holes 7013 or the on-off states of multiple air inlet holes 7013, so as to achieve precise control of the air intake volume, thereby realizing precise ratio control of air and combustible gas and achieving the purpose of optimizing the combustion efficiency. As for the specific ratio of air and combustible gas, it is not limited here and can be set by the staff, but at least it is necessary to ensure that the supply amount of air can make the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas burn fully.

[0089] Further, as Figure 2 shown, multiple air inlet holes 7013 can be spaced and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the air duct 701, so that air can enter the air duct 701 simultaneously and evenly through multiple air inlet holes 7013. After the air enters the air duct 701, it flows more evenly and stably, thereby ensuring the full combustion of the combustible gas in the pyrolysis gas.

[0090] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the air distribution device 7 further includes a natural gas inlet pipe 703. The inlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe 703 is a natural gas inlet 704, and the natural gas inlet 704 is used to be connected to a natural gas pipeline. The outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe 703 sequentially passes through the air distribution hood 702, the air distribution space 7021 and the air duct 701 and extends into the interior of the air duct 701. During the ignition stage, natural gas can be transported into the air duct 701 through the natural gas inlet pipe 703. The natural gas enters the carbonization chamber 101 of the carbonization device 1 through the combustion device 5 and the gas transmission pipeline 8 for ignition. Of course, in some cases, after the biomass enters the stable carbonization stage, natural gas can also be transported into the air duct 701 through the natural gas inlet pipe 703 to ensure the full combustion of the pyrolysis gas.

[0091] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown in the figure, the air distribution device 7 further includes an air distribution pipeline 705. One end of the air distribution pipeline 705 is connected to the air distribution inlet 7022, and the other end of the air distribution pipeline 705 is connected to the natural gas inlet pipe 703 or the natural gas inlet 704. Through the arrangement of the air distribution pipeline 705, the natural gas inlet pipe 703 can not only transport natural gas into the air duct 701, but also directly transport air from the air distribution pipeline 705 and the natural gas inlet pipe 703 into the air duct 701 through the first fan 10. During actual use, a large amount of air can be transported from the air distribution pipeline 705 and the natural gas inlet pipe 703 into the air duct 701 through the first fan 10 to provide a primary air source for the combustion of pyrolysis gas, while the air entering the air duct 701 through the air distribution space 7021 and the multiple air inlet holes 7013 serves as a secondary air source. In some cases, since the amount of air transported through the secondary air source is less than that transported through the primary air source, the setting of the secondary air source can make it easier to finely control the amount of transported air, achieve the purpose of precisely controlling the oxygen concentration, and better ensure the full combustion of pyrolysis gas.

[0092] Further, as Figure 2 shown, the outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe 703 is an open structure 7031, and the cross-sectional area of the open structure 7031 gradually increases from the outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe 703 to the direction of the air duct outlet 7012. In the air duct 701, multiple air inlet holes 7013 on the air duct 701 are located on the periphery of the air outlet position of the open structure 7031, so that the air provided by the primary and secondary air sources can be fully and evenly mixed, and turbulence can be generated in the air duct 701 when the air is supplied simultaneously, enhancing the mixing of air and pyrolysis gas transported into the air duct 701 more fully, improving the combustion efficiency, and helping to reduce the generation and emission of atmospheric pollutants (NO x ).

[0093] During the actual working process, biomass (such as straw) enters the feeding pipeline through the feeding hopper 2. The biomass is transported through 4 sections of the feeding pipeline, and during the transportation process, the biomass gradually carbonizes in the carbonization chamber 101. The released pyrolysis gas enters the combustion chamber 501 of the combustion device 5 after passing through multiple pipelines and the air distribution device 7. Through the multi-stage air distribution of the air distribution device 7, the pyrolysis gas is fully combusted, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas is then returned to the carbonization chamber 101 through the gas transmission pipeline 8 to provide a heat source for the carbonization of biomass. Throughout the process, a stable heat source can be provided for carbonization by the hot flue gas, resulting in the non-condensation of tar generated by the carbonization of biomass. Therefore, there is no need to additionally set up a tar collection device. At the same time, the carbonized biochar (solid fuel) is cooled and collected by the carbon storage tank 13, realizing the continuous progress of the carbonization reaction.

[0094] The characteristics and advantages of the carbonization and combustion device of the present invention are:

[0095] 1. The carbonization combustion device can fully burn the pyrolysis gas, with a low particulate matter content in the generated hot flue gas. It eliminates the tar collection and condensation devices, has no deflagration phenomenon in the gas in the combustion chamber 501, and the carbonization equipment 1 operates safely and stably with higher thermal efficiency, which can effectively improve the carbonization efficiency of biomass and the thermal energy utilization efficiency.

[0096] 2. The carbonization combustion device combines natural gas, pyrolysis gas combustion with multi-stage air distribution to achieve full combustion of the pyrolysis gas and reduce the generation and emission of NO. x emissions.

[0097] 3. The carbonization combustion device can effectively and centrally collect and cool biochar, ensure continuous carbon output of the equipment, and increase the added value of the product.

[0098] 4. The carbonization combustion device has better safety and heat preservation performance, reducing energy loss.

[0099] 5. The overall structure of the carbonization combustion device is more reasonably designed, easy to operate, and conducive to popularization and application.

[0100] Embodiment 2

[0101] The present invention provides a carbonization combustion method, which carbonizes materials by using the above carbonization combustion device. The carbonization combustion method includes the following steps:

[0102] Step S1: Biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber 101 of the carbonization equipment 1.

[0103] Step S2: The pyrolysis gas obtained from carbonizing the biomass in the carbonization chamber 101 is transported to the combustion chamber 501 of the combustion equipment 5 through the second blower.

[0104] Step S3: Air and natural gas are respectively transported to the air distribution device 7 through the air distribution inlet 7022 and the natural gas inlet 704 on the air distribution device 7 according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is fully burned in the combustion chamber 501.

[0105] Step S4: The hot flue gas generated by burning the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber 501 is transported back to the carbonization chamber 101 to provide heat source for carbonizing the biomass.

[0106] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, before step S1, it further includes: in the ignition stage, air and natural gas are respectively supplied to the carbonization equipment 1 through the air distribution inlet 7022 and the natural gas inlet 704, and are ignited by the igniter 4.

[0107] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, step S1 includes: when biomass continuously and stably generates pyrolysis gas during carbonization, the igniter 4 can be turned off and / or the supply of natural gas to the air distribution device 7 through the natural gas inlet 704 can be stopped. In this state, through the continuous and stable combustion of the pyrolysis gas, a stable heat source can be provided for the carbonization of biomass, without the need for ignition and the supply of natural gas.

[0108] In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, step S3 includes: during the combustion process of the pyrolysis gas, if the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is not fully burned, the air supply volume of the first blower 10 is increased, and at the same time, air is supplied to the natural gas inlet pipe 703 and the air distribution space 7021 until the pyrolysis gas can be fully burned; if the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is fully burned, an attempt can be made to close the natural gas inlet pipe 703 or reduce the air supply volume to the natural gas inlet pipe 703 to achieve the purpose of energy conservation.

[0109] In some cases, in step S3, if the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is not fully burned, natural gas can be supplied to the natural gas inlet pipe 703 through the natural gas inlet 704.

[0110] The characteristics and advantages of the carbonization combustion method of the present invention are:

[0111] This carbonization combustion method can achieve the efficient carbonization of biomass, while fully utilizing the pyrolysis gas, improving the energy utilization efficiency, reducing pollutant emissions, and ensuring the stable and efficient operation of the carbonization furnace.

[0112] In addition, this carbonization combustion method has the characteristics and advantages of the above-mentioned carbonization combustion device, which will not be elaborated here.

[0113] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish similar objects, and there is no sequence between them, nor can they be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0114] The above-mentioned various embodiments in this specification are all described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0115] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Although the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are as above, the content is only the embodiments adopted for the convenience of understanding the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art belonging to the technical field of the present invention can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed by the present invention. However, the scope of patent protection of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A carbonization combustion device, characterized in that: The carbonization combustion device comprises: A carbonization device for carbonizing biomass, wherein the carbonization device has a carbonization chamber, and the biomass is transported into the carbonization chamber for carbonization; A combustion device for burning pyrolysis gas generated by carbonization, the combustion device having a combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being connected to the carbonization chamber through a gas pipeline; An air distribution device, the air distribution device at least has an air duct inlet, an air distribution inlet, a natural gas inlet and an air duct outlet, the air duct inlet is communicated with the carbonization chamber to transport the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber to the air distribution device, the air duct outlet is communicated with the combustion chamber, the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet are used to respectively transport air and natural gas to the air distribution device according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas can be fully burned in the combustion chamber, and the hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber is transported back to the carbonization chamber through the gas pipeline.

2. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air distribution device includes an air duct and an air distribution hood, the air duct has the air duct inlet and the air duct outlet, the air distribution hood is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air duct, and the air duct inlet and the air duct outlet respectively extend to the outside of the air distribution hood, a multi-stage air distribution space is formed between the inner wall of the air distribution hood and the outer wall of the air duct, the outer wall of the air duct is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes, the plurality of air inlet holes are used to connect the interior of the air duct with the air distribution space, the air distribution inlet is arranged on the air distribution hood and connected with the air distribution space, and a first fan is arranged at the air distribution inlet.

3. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air distribution device also includes a natural gas inlet pipe, the air inlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe is the natural gas inlet, the natural gas inlet is used to be connected to the natural gas pipeline, and the air outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe passes through the air distribution hood, the air distribution space and the air duct in sequence and extends into the interior of the air duct.

4. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The gas outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe is an open structure, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the open structure gradually increases from the gas outlet end of the natural gas inlet pipe to the air duct outlet direction.

5. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The air distribution device also includes an air distribution pipeline, one end of which is connected to the air distribution inlet, and the other end of which is connected to the natural gas inlet pipe or the natural gas inlet.

6. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The plurality of air inlet holes are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the air duct.

7. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbonization equipment is provided with a plurality of igniters.

8. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbonization equipment is provided with a material inlet and a material outlet, a material delivery pipeline is arranged in the carbonization chamber, two ends of the material delivery pipeline are respectively connected with the material inlet and the material outlet, and a first screw conveying device is arranged in the material delivery pipeline.

9. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The discharge port is connected to the inlet of the carbon storage box through a carbon discharge pipe, a fifth screw conveying device is arranged in the carbon discharge pipe, and a spray head is arranged at the inlet of the carbon storage box; The control end of the spray head and the control end of the fifth screw conveying device are electrically connected to the control signal output end of the controller respectively.

10. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbonization equipment has an air outlet communicated with the carbonization chamber, and the air outlet is connected to the air duct inlet of the air distribution device through an air outlet pipe to transport the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber to the air distribution device.

11. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The air outlet pipe is provided with a second fan, and the second fan is used to suck the pyrolysis gas in the carbonization chamber and transport it to the air distribution device.

12. The carbonization combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer is arranged on the outer wall of the combustion equipment.

13. A carbonization combustion method, which uses the carbonization combustion device according to any one of claims 2 to 12 to carbonize materials, characterized in that: The carbonization combustion method comprises the following steps: The biomass is carbonized through the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment; The pyrolysis gas obtained by carbonizing the biomass in the carbonization chamber is sucked and transported to the combustion chamber of the combustion equipment; According to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas, air and natural gas are respectively delivered to the air distribution device through the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet on the air distribution device, so that the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas can be fully burned in the combustion chamber; The hot flue gas generated by the combustion of the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber is transported back to the carbonization chamber to provide a heat source for the carbonization of the biomass.

14. The carbonization combustion method according to claim 13, characterized in that: Before the biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment, the process includes: Air and natural gas are respectively supplied to the carbonization equipment through the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet, and ignited through an igniter.

15. The carbonization combustion method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The biomass is carbonized in the carbonization chamber of the carbonization equipment, including: When the biomass continuously and stably generates the pyrolysis gas after carbonization, the igniter is turned off and / or the natural gas is stopped from being transported to the air distribution device through the natural gas inlet.

16. The carbonization combustion method according to claim 15, characterized in that: The method of igniting a flame according to the amount of combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas and the air and natural gas delivered by the air distribution inlet and the natural gas inlet on the air distribution device so as to fully burn the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas in the combustion chamber includes: If the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is not fully burned, the air supply of the first fan is increased, and air is simultaneously delivered to the air distribution space; If the combustible gas contained in the pyrolysis gas is fully burned, the natural gas inlet pipe is closed or the air supply to the natural gas inlet pipe is reduced.

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