Antifouling antibacterial textile fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of textile fabrics, and discloses an antifouling antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof.The antifouling antibacterial textile fabric comprises a base layer fabric in the middle and an antibacterial functional layer distributed on the outer side of the base layer fabric, and an adhesion layer is arranged between the antibacterial functional layer and the base layer fabric; the base layer fabric is formed by crosswise weaving basic warp yarns, first weft yarns and second weft yarns; the first wefts and the second wefts in each group are positioned by the functional warps, the functional warps are parallel to the basic warps, every two functional warps are positioned between the adjacent basic warps, the basic warps, the first wefts and the second wefts are provided with woolen filaments, and the adjacent woolen filaments are crossed and hooked through rolling. By means of the arrangement of the two-way shape memory fibers, gathering of the fabric is achieved due to the temperature-sensitive contractibility of the two-way shape memory fibers, pores of the fabric are reduced, antifouling performance of the fabric is achieved by means of the high density of the two-way shape memory fibers, meanwhile, the pores of the fabric are opened under high-temperature expansion, breathability is improved, and meanwhile the fabric is convenient to clean.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of textile fabrics, and specifically to an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The application of textile fabrics has direct differences according to the corresponding usage scenarios. Fabrics prepared using different material fibers and different production processes will also affect their inherent usage characteristics due to process and material differences, thus possessing different characteristic functions. For example, the high density, high antibacterial property, and high ventilation that distinguish ordinary textile fabrics will also lead to an increase in the production cost of textile fabrics when they possess characteristic functions.

[0003] For example, in order to improve the anti-fouling and antibacterial characteristic functions of existing textile fabrics, outside the basic fabric layer of the textile fabric, through the immersion of chemical agents or the selection of graphene fibers to replace the original polyester fibers, after the fabric is formed, the adhesion of dirt on the outer side of the fabric is reduced. At the same time, by setting the graphene material, the reproduction ability of bacteria on the textile fabric can be greatly reduced. However, only through the setting of fiber materials and chemical agents to achieve anti-fouling and antibacterial properties, in the actual use process, due to changes in environmental factors, the continuous usability of its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties is not strong. Especially when the fabric is applied to the environmental factors of special regions, such as temperature influence, it will cause an impact on the material property activity of the fabric, thereby affecting the function of the textile fabric in use and its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties.

[0004] In view of the above problems, an innovative design is carried out on the basis of the original anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabrics in the above background art have poor continuous usability of their anti-fouling and antibacterial properties in the actual use process. Especially when the fabric is applied to the environmental factors of special regions, such as temperature influence, it will cause an impact on the material property activity of the fabric, thereby affecting the function of the textile fabric in use and its anti-fouling and antibacterial properties.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, including a base fabric in the middle, and an antibacterial functional layer distributed outside the base fabric, with an adhesion layer provided between the antibacterial functional layer and the base fabric; It further includes: the base fabric is formed by cross-weaving basic warp threads with a first weft thread and a second weft thread, wherein a single first weft thread and a single second weft thread are set as a group, and adjacent groups of first weft threads and second weft threads are distributed in a staggered manner; The first and second weft threads of each group are positioned by functional warps, which are parallel to the basic warps, and every two functional warps are located between adjacent basic warps, wherein velvet threads are arranged on the basic warps and the first and second weft threads, and adjacent velvet threads are cross-connected by twisting.

[0007] Preferably, the base fabric as a whole has velvet fibers to improve the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer and the antibacterial functional layer, wherein the adhesion layer is formed by grafting an aminosilane coupling agent onto the surface of the base fabric to enhance the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer.

[0008] Preferably, the antibacterial functional layer is formed by dispersing graphene and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane.

[0009] Preferably, the basic warp threads are formed by spirally cross-distributing first polyester fibers and first functional fibers, wherein the ratio of the first polyester fibers to the first functional fibers is set to 1:1.

[0010] Preferably, both the first weft and the second weft are formed by mechanically twisting the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber, wherein the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber are cross-linked by pile yarns.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the functional warp is smaller than that of the basic warp, wherein the functional warp is located in the gaps formed between adjacent groups of first wefts and second wefts, and the outer pile yarns of the second wefts in the gaps are cross-connected.

[0012] Preferably, the first functional fiber, the second functional fiber and the functional warp are made of two-way shape memory fibers, which can reversibly expand and deform at a temperature between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius, and shrink and return to their original shape when the temperature is cooled.

[0013] Preferably, the velvet yarns are arranged through a two-way shape memory fiber material to achieve the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, thereby improving the overall density and anti-fouling performance of the fabric.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric, and the method steps are as follows: S1: First, melt spinning is used to form the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber and short fibers of the same material, and the electrostatic flocking process is used to use the electrostatic field to implant the short fibers of the same material into the fiber surface when the main fiber is not completely solidified, and fix them with an adhesive, and the short fibers of the same material are used as flocking fibers; thereby preparing the first functional fiber and the second functional fiber of the two-way shape memory fiber material, and the functional warp directly uses the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber; S2: forming a napping operation on the outer side of the polyester fiber by a mechanical napping method; preparing a first polyester fiber and a second polyester fiber; S3: Then, through mechanical rolling, the first weft and the second weft composed of the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber are formed; and the basic warp is formed by helically winding and knitting the first polyester fiber and the first functional fiber. S4: With the first weft and the second weft as the main positioning of the weft, the basic warp is added in sequence, and the basic warp is woven with the first weft and the second weft in a cross form. The functional warp is used as an auxiliary line to position the first weft and the second weft. After tightly pressing the first weft, the second weft, the basic warp and the functional warp, the fabric is processed by mechanical rolling technology to improve the stability of the cross-linking of the fluff filaments. At the same time, the temperature of the weaving environment is set to the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber of 60 °C to form a stable base fabric. S5: Graft the amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric fibers to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer. The antibacterial functional layer is prepared by dispersing graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in waterborne polyurethane, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, and a uniform coating is formed on the surface of the base fabric by spraying process and dried at 60 °C.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: for the anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric and its preparation method, through the molecular material design, the two-way shape memory fiber undergoes reversible expansion deformation at high temperatures such as 60-100 °C, and contracts and returns to its original state when cooled to room temperature such as 20-30 °C. By using the setting of the two-way shape memory fiber, in the normal use state of the fabric, due to the temperature-sensitive shrinkage property, the fabric is gathered, the pores of the fabric are reduced, and the anti-fouling of the fabric is achieved by using its high density. At the same time, when expanded at high temperature, the pores of the fabric are opened, the air permeability is improved and the cleaning of the fabric is facilitated. The specific methods are as follows: 1. Through the fluff filaments of the two-way shape memory fiber, the connection between the first weft, the second weft and the basic warp is tightened. At the same time, when the fabric is formed by hot processing, when the temperature of the processing environment returns to room temperature, due to the shrinkage property of the fiber, the distance between each warp and weft is reduced, the pores of the fabric are reduced, and high-density anti-fouling is achieved. Furthermore, when using the contractile fluff filaments to realize the connection between the first weft, the second weft and the basic warp and the shrinkage, the first weft, the second weft, the functional warp and the basic warp composed of the two-way shape memory fiber have the characteristics of shrinking and increasing the density at the same time. And the functional warp parallel to the basic warp expands the fabric gap along the direction of the basic warp at high temperature when gathering the fabric at room temperature, which is convenient for air permeability and cleaning.

[0016] 2. An antibacterial functional layer is provided on the outer side of the base fabric. The antibacterial functional layer improves its adhesion through the adhesion layer and the fluff on the fabric. Pretreatment involves grafting an amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric fibers to enhance the adhesion of subsequent coatings. For the preparation of the antibacterial functional layer, graphene (1 - 3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5 - 8 wt%) are dispersed in waterborne polyurethane and ultrasonicated for 30 minutes. A uniform coating is formed on the surface of the base fabric using a spraying process, dried at 60 °C, and post-treated. Ultraviolet irradiation (wavelength 365 nm, intensity 50 mW / cm²) for 10 minutes is used to trigger the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide and further enhance the antibacterial performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the composition of the textile fabric of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the composition state of the base fabric of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the distribution state of the first weft and the second weft and the base warp of the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the distribution state of the first weft and the second weft of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the composition distribution of the functional warp of the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the composition of the first weft, the second weft and the functional warp of the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the distribution state of the second polyester fiber and the second functional fiber of the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the composition of the base warp of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Base fabric; 2. Adhesion layer; 3. Antibacterial functional layer; 4. Base warp; 401. First polyester fiber; 402. First functional fiber; 5. First weft; 6. Second weft; 7. Functional warp; 8. Second polyester fiber; 9. Second functional fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 - 8, the present invention provides a technical solution: an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, including a base fabric 1 in the middle, and an antibacterial functional layer 3 distributed outside the base fabric 1. There is an adhesion layer 2 between the antibacterial functional layer 3 and the base fabric 1; the whole base fabric 1 improves the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer 2 and the antibacterial functional layer 3 due to the fluff filaments. Among them, the adhesion layer 2 is grafted with an amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric 1 to enhance the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3; the antibacterial functional layer 3 is formed by dispersing graphene and silver-ion modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane and processing. In the above technical solution, due to the presence of the fluff filaments, it can improve the layering formed by grafting the amino-silane coupling agent on the surface of the base fabric 1, making the subsequent adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3 more stable and not easily affected by the detachment of the functional layer. At the same time, the antibacterial functional layer 3 is formed by dispersing graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver-ion modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in waterborne polyurethane, ultrasonic treatment for 30 minutes, where wt% is the mass percentage, that is, the mass ratio of a certain component in the mixture or solution. Then, it is formed into a uniform coating on the surface of the base fabric 1 by spraying process, dried at 60°C, irradiated with ultraviolet light, with a wavelength of 365 nm, a light intensity of 50 mW / cm², and a processing time of 10 minutes to trigger the photocatalytic activity of titanium dioxide and further improve the antibacterial performance.

[0021] In the preparation and use of the fabric, this technical solution further discloses that the basic warp 4 is formed by the spiral cross-distribution of the first polyester fiber 401 and the first functional fiber 402, where the ratio of the first polyester fiber 401 to the first functional fiber 402 is set to 1:1; both the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 are formed by mechanically kneading the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9, and the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9 are cross-linked by fluff filaments; when the basic warp 4 formed by using polyester and functional fibers and the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 have a good thermal expansion and contraction effect, they also have stable use strength and are not easily damaged during long-term use.

[0022] The base fabric 1 is formed by the cross-weaving of the base warp threads 4 with the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6. Among them, a single first weft thread 5 and a single second weft thread 6 are set as a group, and the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6 of adjacent groups are staggeredly distributed; the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6 of each group are positioned by the functional warp threads 7. The functional warp threads 7 are parallel to the base warp threads 4, and every two functional warp threads 7 are located between adjacent base warp threads 4. Among them, fluff filaments are provided on both the base warp threads 4 and the first weft threads 5 and the second weft threads 6, and the adjacent fluff filaments are cross-linked by twisting; the first functional fiber 402, the second functional fiber 9 and the functional warp threads 7 are made of two-way shape memory fibers. The two-way shape memory fibers reversibly expand and deform between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius and contract and return to their original state when cooled; the fluff filaments are arranged with two-way shape memory fiber materials to achieve the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, improve the overall density of the fabric and the anti-pollution performance.

[0023] In the above solution, the fluff filaments are used to achieve the connection and gathering between the warp and weft threads. As Figures 2 - 4 shown, after the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6 are positioned by the functional warp thread 7, a protrusion is formed with the second weft thread 6. Fluff filaments are provided on the outer wall of the protrusion. The cross-linking between the fluff filaments improves the stability of the self-positioning of the second weft thread 6. At room temperature, the fluff filaments on the second weft thread 6 are cross-linked and contracted, improving the stability of the self-use of the second weft thread 6, and further improving the density of the fabric to achieve the effect of anti-pollution use. In addition to the above functions, the use of the fluff filaments further realizes the connection between the base warp thread 4 and the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6, etc., making the formed base fabric 1 as a whole have stable performance, high use density, anti-pollution and antibacterial properties. When heated at high temperature, through the use of the fluff filaments, the second functional fiber 9 and the first functional fiber 402, the gaps of the fabric are enlarged, and when the air permeability of the fabric is improved, it is convenient for the cleaning and decontamination of the fabric.

[0024] Furthermore, in this technical solution, the functional warp thread 7 has a diameter smaller than that of the base warp thread 4. The functional warp thread 7 is located in the pores formed between adjacent groups of the first weft thread 5 and the second weft thread 6. The fluff filaments on the outer side of the second weft thread 6 in this pore are cross-linked. The material of the functional warp thread 7 is also two-way shape memory fiber. Its setting can contract at room temperature and expand at high temperature. Since the two-way shape memory fiber is arranged parallel to the base warp thread 4, when expanding at high temperature, it can further open the pores of the fabric, and when contracting at room temperature, it will not affect the use and force stability of the base warp thread 4.

[0025] The design principle of the above-mentioned two-way shape memory fiber is as follows: Through molecular chain design, the fiber reversibly expands and deforms at high temperatures such as 60-100 °C and contracts and returns to its original state when cooled to room temperature of 20-30 °C; The polyurethane PU-based SMP fiber is used to carry out block copolymerization by introducing hard segments such as isocyanate and soft segments such as polyether, and the phase transition temperature is set at 50-80 °C; Polycaprolactone PCL / graphene composite fibers can also be used to enhance the thermal conductivity by graphene, making the phase transition response faster, achieving heating and expansion followed by cooling and contraction, with a deformation amount of up to 50-150%, and the restoring force can be adjusted by controlling the soft segment ratio.

[0026] Example 2: The present invention further discloses a preparation method of an anti-fouling and antibacterial textile fabric, and the steps are as follows: S1: First, use melt spinning to form the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber and the short fiber of the same material, and use the electrostatic flocking process. When the main fiber is not completely cured, implant the short fiber of the same material on the fiber surface by using an electrostatic field and fix it with an adhesive. The short fiber of the same material is used as the pile yarn; thus, the first functional fiber 402 and the second functional fiber 9 made of two-way shape memory fiber material are prepared, and the functional warp 7 directly selects the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber; S2: Use the mechanical flocking method to form the flocking operation on the outside of the polyester fiber; it can also be realized by other flocking methods to prepare the first polyester fiber 401 and the second polyester fiber 8; S3: Then, form the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 composed of the second polyester fiber 8 and the second functional fiber 9 by mechanical kneading; and the basic warp 4 is formed by spiral winding and knitting of the first polyester fiber 401 and the first functional fiber 402; S4: Using the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 as the main body of the weft for positioning, sequentially add the basic warp 4, and weave the basic warp 4 with the first weft 5 and the second weft 6 in a cross form. Use the functional warp 7 as the auxiliary line for positioning the first weft 5 and the second weft 6. After tightly pressing the first weft 5, the second weft 6, the basic warp 4 and the functional warp 7, process the fabric by mechanical kneading to improve the stability of the pile yarn cross-linking. At the same time, the weaving environment temperature is set at the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber of 60 degrees Celsius to form a stable base fabric 1; S5: Graft an amino silane coupling agent on the surface of the fibers of the base fabric 1 to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer 3. The preparation of the antibacterial functional layer 3 disperses graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in water-based polyurethane, ultrasonically treats for 30 minutes, and uses a spraying process to form a uniform coating on the surface of the base fabric 1 and dries it at 60 °C.

[0027] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric, comprising a base fabric (1) in the middle, and an antibacterial functional layer (3) distributed outside the base fabric (1), wherein an adhesive layer (2) is provided between the antibacterial functional layer (3) and the base fabric (1); It is characterized in that Also includes: The base fabric (1) is formed by cross-weaving a base warp thread (4) with a first weft thread (5) and a second weft thread (6), wherein a single first weft thread (5) and a single second weft thread (6) are arranged in a group, and two adjacent groups of first weft threads (5) and second weft threads (6) are staggered. The first weft (5) and the second weft (6) of each group are positioned by a functional warp (7), the functional warp (7) is parallel to the basic warp (4), and every two functional warp (7) are located between adjacent basic warp (4), wherein the basic warp (4) and the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) are all provided with velvet yarns, and the adjacent velvet yarns are cross-linked by twisting.

2. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base fabric (1) as a whole has velvet fibers to improve the adhesion stability of the adhesion layer (2) and the antibacterial functional layer (3), wherein the adhesion layer (2) is formed by grafting an aminosilane coupling agent onto the surface of the base fabric (1), thereby enhancing the coating adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer (3).

3. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The antibacterial functional layer (3) is formed by dispersing graphene and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide in waterborne polyurethane and processing by ultrasonic treatment.

4. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The basic warp threads (4) are formed by spirally cross-distributed first polyester fibers (401) and first functional fibers (402), wherein the ratio of the first polyester fibers (401) to the first functional fibers (402) is set to 1:

1.

5. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both the first weft thread (5) and the second weft thread (6) are formed by mechanically twisting the second polyester fiber (8) and the second functional fiber (9), wherein the second polyester fiber (8) and the second functional fiber (9) are cross-linked by velvet yarns.

6. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the functional warp (7) is smaller than that of the basic warp (4), wherein the functional warp (7) is located in the pores formed between adjacent groups of first weft (5) and second weft (6), and the outer pile yarns of the second weft (6) in the pores are cross-linked.

7. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first functional fiber (402), the second functional fiber (9) and the functional warp (7) are made of two-way shape memory fibers. The two-way shape memory fibers can reversibly expand and deform at a temperature between 60 and 100 degrees Celsius, and can shrink and return to their original shape when the temperature is cooled.

8. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The velvet yarn is arranged through a double-pass shape memory fiber material to achieve the shrinkage and gathering of the fabric, thereby improving the overall density and anti-fouling performance of the fabric.

9. The antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric according to claim 8, characterized in that: A preparation method for the antifouling and antibacterial textile fabric is also provided, and the method steps are as follows: S1: First, melt spinning is used to form a main fiber of a basic two-way shape memory fiber and short fibers of the same material, and an electrostatic flocking process is used to implant the short fibers of the same material into the fiber surface by using an electrostatic field when the main fiber is not completely solidified, and the short fibers of the same material are fixed by an adhesive, and the short fibers of the same material are used as flocking fibers; thereby preparing a first functional fiber (402) and a second functional fiber (9) of a two-way shape memory fiber material, and the functional warp (7) is directly selected from the main fiber of the basic two-way shape memory fiber; S2: forming a napping operation on the outer side of the polyester fiber by a mechanical napping method; preparing a first polyester fiber (401) and a second polyester fiber (8); S3: Then, a first weft thread (5) and a second weft thread (6) composed of a second polyester fiber (8) and a second functional fiber (9) are formed by mechanical twisting; and a basic warp thread (4) is formed by spirally winding and weaving the first polyester fiber (401) and the first functional fiber (402); S4: using the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) as the main weft positioning, adding the basic warp (4) in sequence, weaving the basic warp (4) with the first weft (5) and the second weft (6) in a cross form, using the functional warp (7) as an auxiliary line to position the first weft (5) and the second weft (6), and after pressing the first weft (5), the second weft (6) with the basic warp (4) and the functional warp (7), the fabric is processed by a mechanical twisting process to improve the cross-linking stability of the velvet, and at the same time, the weaving environment temperature is set to 60 degrees Celsius, which is the expansion temperature of the two-way shape memory fiber, to form a stable base fabric (1); S5: Grafting an aminosilane coupling agent onto the fiber surface of the base fabric (1) to enhance the adhesion of the antibacterial functional layer (3), wherein the antibacterial functional layer (3) is prepared by dispersing graphene (1-3 wt%) and silver ion-modified titanium dioxide (5-8 wt%) in aqueous polyurethane, ultrasonically treating for 30 minutes, forming a uniform coating on the fabric surface by spraying, and drying at 60°C.

Images