Lightweight sheet building self-adaptive skin system with user and environment bidirectional interaction

Abstract

The invention provides a light plate building self-adaptive skin system with bidirectional interaction between a user and an environment. The system comprises a support frame, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, a skin unit stretching module and a light sheet structure skin module. An environment sensor and a user positioning module are integrated in the system, data are fused in real time to generate a driving instruction, the epidermal aperture opening ratio responds to user distribution and illumination intensity changes at the same time, and the problem of local daylighting unbalance of one-way adjustment of a traditional system is solved. A gear-rack push-and-pull structure is adopted to drive the light plates to move integrally, adjacent units can be linked through single-point driving, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the operation energy consumption of the system is reduced. Meanwhile, the limitation of a static skin and a one-way control system is broken through, and the indoor illumination uniformity is maintained in a comfortable range through a human-environment-building real-time data closed loop, so that the energy consumption of artificial illumination is reduced, and interactive aesthetic value is given to a building facade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building skin systems, and particularly to a lightweight panel building adaptive skin system with two-way interaction between users and the environment. Background Art

[0002] As the interface for interaction between the indoor and outdoor environments of a building, the dynamic adjustment ability of the building skin system directly affects the indoor daylighting efficiency and user comfort. Traditional building skins mostly use fixed sunshades or manually adjustable windows, such as fixed metal grilles, louvers, etc. Their opening ratios and forms cannot be automatically adjusted according to environmental changes, resulting in over-reliance on artificial intervention for indoor daylighting. When the light intensity fluctuates violently, such static skins are prone to cause indoor glare or insufficient daylighting, and cannot respond to personalized behavior requirements such as user distribution and movement trajectories, making it difficult to achieve a balance between high energy efficiency and user experience.

[0003] Existing intelligent dynamic skin systems can achieve a certain degree of adaptive adjustment by integrating environmental sensors (such as light sensors, temperature and humidity sensors), but their control logic is single, taking only environmental parameters as input signals, lacking an active perception and interaction mechanism for user behavior. For example, some systems that control the opening and closing of the skin based on light intensity cannot recognize the priority daylighting needs in areas with dense indoor personnel, resulting in unbalanced daylighting in local spaces. In addition, most of these systems use hydraulic push rods or linear motors for drive, with heavy transmission structures and high energy consumption, making it difficult to meet the development requirements of building lightweight and low-carbonization.

[0004] In recent years, the modular dynamic skin that has emerged attempts to improve adaptability through unit combination, but its mechanical structure is complex and the transmission accuracy is insufficient, resulting in poor stability in controlling the gaps during the unfolding / folding process of the panels, affecting the daylighting adjustment efficiency. At the same time, existing dynamic skins mostly focus on functionality while ignoring aesthetic expression. Mechanical components are exposed or the movement trajectories of the units are single, making it difficult to form a dynamic visual rhythm that coordinates with the building form. For example, some gear-driven folding skins are limited in their movement trajectories and can only achieve linear opening and closing, unable to generate diverse light and shadow effects, weakening the scene interaction value of the building skin. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of the existing building skin system, such as the difficulty in achieving two-way interaction between user behavior and environmental parameters, heavy transmission structure, and insufficient dynamic aesthetic expression. A lightweight panel building adaptive skin system with two-way interaction between users and the environment is proposed. This system couples user behavior and environmental data, drives the lightweight panels to precisely adjust the opening ratio and form of the skin, realizes the adaptive optimization of indoor daylighting efficiency, and at the same time generates a dynamic visual rhythm, taking into account functionality and building aesthetics.

[0006] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions. The present invention proposes a lightweight panel building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment. The adaptive skin system includes a support frame, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, a skin unit stretching module, and a lightweight panel structure skin module. The lightweight panel structure skin module is composed of several groups of equilateral triangle lightweight panel units 1 and right triangle lightweight panel units 2 that are folded and laid flat. Adjacent panel units are connected by transparent hinges 3 to form an overall linkage folding structure. The skin unit stretching module includes a servo motor 7, a gear 8, a rack 9, a servo motor holder 10, and a connecting rod 11. The servo motor 7 is fixed to the servo motor fixed frame 4 of the support frame by an L-shaped steel 6, and the servo motor 7 is placed in the servo motor holder 10. The gear 8 is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 7. The rack 9 meshes with the gear 8 and slides in the vertical direction. The end of the rack 9 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 11, and the other end of the connecting rod 11 is connected to a preset anchor point of the lightweight panel unit. The data acquisition module integrates environmental parameter sensors and user behavior sensors. The sensor data is processed by the fusion algorithm of the drive control module to generate an operation instruction for the servo motor 7.

[0007] Further, the environmental parameter sensor uses a multispectral illuminance sensor 13, and the user behavior sensor uses a TOF laser ranging sensor array 14.

[0008] Further, when the servo motor 7 rotates forward, the gear 8 drives the rack 9 to move forward, and the connecting rod 11 pushes the lightweight panel unit to unfold, increasing the skin opening rate. When the servo motor 7 rotates backward, the rack 9 moves backward, and the lightweight panel unit folds, reducing the opening rate, realizing the adaptive regulation of the daylighting efficiency.

[0009] Further, the support frame is divided into a servo motor fixed frame 4 and a panel fixed frame 5, which are made of aerospace-grade high-strength aluminum alloy. The servo motor fixed frame 4 has five horizontal crossbeams, which are equally spaced. The middle crossbeam is provided with an L-shaped steel 6 for installing the servo motor 7. The servo motor fixed frame 4 is connected to the panel fixed frame 5 around it, and the vertical columns are connected to the building structure through seismic dampers.

[0010] Further, the drive control module controls the rotation angle of the gear 8 by the rotation angle of the servo motor 7, further driving the linear displacement length of the rack 9. The displacement of the rack 9 is converted into the unfolding action of the lightweight panel through the structure of the connecting rod 11, thereby adjusting the gap width between adjacent equilateral triangle lightweight panels.

[0011] Furthermore, the epidermal unit stretching module is composed of m * n servo motors 7 fixed on the L-shaped steel 6 of the support frame; m is the number of crossbeams of the support frame, and n is the number of L-shaped steels 6 installed on the crossbeam. It is electrically connected to the Arduino servo motor expansion board of the drive control module by wire; the rotating piece of the servo motor 7 is rigidly fixed to the gear 8, and the gear 8 meshes with the rack 9 inserted in the card seat, so that the rotation of the servo motor 7 drives the rack 9 to move back and forth; the displacement stroke of the rack 9 is 0 - 600 mm, and the surface is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating, and the displacement precision error ≤ ±0.3 mm; the connecting rod 11 is made of aviation-grade high-strength aluminum alloy, and the two ends are respectively connected to the rack 9 and the equilateral triangle lightweight sheet unit 1.

[0012] Furthermore, in the fully unfolded state of the system, the two types of sheet units are closely paved according to a quantity ratio of 1:3; in the fully folded state, the right-angled triangle lightweight sheet unit 2 is completely folded up, and the overall close paving is formed by the equilateral triangle lightweight sheet 1; during the unfolding / folding process, the transparent right-angled triangle lightweight sheet unit 2 forms a hollow area to transmit light, thereby controlling the light transmittance of the adaptive skin.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive control method of the drive control module is as follows: The built-in algorithm of the Arduino development board sets five different current state values and target state values of 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 for the servo motors 7 of each epidermal unit stretching module. Each state value corresponds to a different position of the rack 9, and the distance between the positions of the rack 9 corresponding to adjacent state values is 5 cm; when the state value changes, the position of the rack 9 changes, corresponding to the change in the pushing and pulling length of the connecting rod 11 structure, and further corresponding to the change in the gap size between the epidermal units, thereby affecting the opening rate of the skin and the daylighting rate of the building.

[0014] Furthermore, the coupling calculation method of the user behavior and environmental data of the drive control module for the data acquisition module is as follows: The drive control module establishes a dynamic mapping model of light intensity and spatial distance to achieve intelligent adjustment; the light intensity data is divided into three types: weak light, medium light, and strong light; the user's distance data from the facade is divided into three types: short distance, medium distance, and long distance; different degrees of light intensity and user distance correspond to different state value changes; among them, the initial state value of all servo motors is 0. When the light intensity is weak light, the target state value of all servo motors increases by 2; when it is medium light, the target state value of all servo motors increases by 1; when it is strong light, the target state value remains unchanged; when the user's distance is short distance, the target state value of the row of servo motors closest to the user increases by 2; when it is medium distance, the target state value of the row of servo motors closest to the user increases by 1; when it is long distance, the target state value remains unchanged.

[0015] Furthermore, in the data acquisition module, the multispectral illuminance sensor 13 collects data at a frequency of 10 Hz, with an illuminance detection range of 0 - 100 klux and an accuracy of ±0.5%; the user behavior sensor uses a TOF laser ranging sensor array 14 for positioning, with a personnel tracking accuracy of ±2 cm. The data is input into the drive control module after Kalman filtering; the system response delay is ≤0.5 seconds.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] 1. Realize two-way intelligent interaction between user behavior and environmental parameters: By integrating environmental light, temperature data, and user spatial distribution information in the data acquisition module, combined with the dynamic mapping model, control instructions are generated in real time to drive the epidermal unit to precisely adjust the opening rate and morphology, which not only meets the requirements of indoor daylighting adaptive optimization but also responds to user behavior preferences, enhancing the interaction experience.

[0018] 2. Lightweight structure and high-precision transmission design: Use a high-strength aluminum alloy frame and polycarbonate and acrylic lightweight sheet materials, combined with a gear-rack linear transmission and a rack movement limit structure, which reduces the self-weight while ensuring the overall mechanical strength, with a displacement error of less than ±0.5 mm, achieving fast response (<1 second) and low-energy consumption operation.

[0019] 3. Linkage transmission topology and distributed drive optimization: Through an integrated mechanical linkage design and regional drive strategy, adjacent equilateral triangle plate units form a rigid-flexible hybrid connection structure through transparent hinges. Single-point drive can trigger the synchronous unfolding / folding of several adjacent plate units through a rack-link transmission chain. The number of drive units is reduced to 20% - 30% of the traditional independent drive scheme. While ensuring precise control of the light transmittance, the system significantly improves the building sustainability index.

[0020] 4. Zonal differential regulation and energy consumption optimization: Based on the TOF laser ranging and positioning technology, identify user density hotspots, and drive the servo actuator in each zone to adjust the degree of plate unfolding. In low-light / near-distance areas, the light transmittance is preferentially increased, and in strong-light / far-distance areas, it is automatically folded to reduce heat radiation, significantly reducing the artificial lighting and air-conditioning loads.

[0021] 5. Mechanical-optical composite light transmission regulation mechanism: Innovatively adopt a layered folding design of a rigid light-shielding PC board and a transparent acrylic board. When unfolding, the gaps between the hard plastic boards increase to introduce direct light, and the simultaneously unfolding acrylic boards soften the light through inclined plane refraction; when folding, the hard plastic boards are densely paved to block strong light, and the hard plastic board itself retains a 10% basic light transmittance, achieving a balance between sunshading and daylighting, and keeping the indoor illuminance uniformity coefficient always above 0.7.

[0022] 6. Efficient Algorithm Driven by Multi-Source Data Fusion: By fusing multi-spectral illumination and user behavior data through Kalman filtering, combined with the five-level state control mechanism of the servo steering gear, complex environmental parameters are converted into linear displacement instructions to ensure the robustness and adjustment accuracy of the system in dynamic scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the structural skin of the present invention in a folded state.

[0025] Figure 2 It is Figure 1 the back view of

[0026] Figure 3 It is an exploded structural diagram of a single tiling unit when the structural skin is in a fully unfolded state.

[0027] Figure 4 It is Figure 3 the back view of

[0028] Figure 5 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the structural skin when it is in a fully unfolded state.

[0029] Figure 6 It is Figure 5 the back view of

[0030] Figure 7 It is the front view of the skin structure when a certain steering gear is in state 4 (the rack moves forward 600 mm).

[0031] Figure 8 It is Figure 7 the side view of

[0032] Figure 9 It is the front view of the skin structure when a certain steering gear is in state 3 (the rack moves forward 450 mm).

[0033] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 the side view of

[0034] Figure 11 It is the front view of the skin structure when a certain steering gear is in state 1 (the rack moves forward 150 mm).

[0035] Figure 12 It is Figure 11Side view.

[0036] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of a servo steering gear installed on the crossbar of a support frame through an L-shaped steel.

[0037] Figure 14 It is an exploded structure diagram of a servo steering gear installed on the crossbar of a support frame through an L-shaped steel.

[0038] Figure 15 It is an installation schematic diagram of the lightweight sheet structure adaptive skin system of the present invention on a building.

[0039] Explanation of the numbers in the figure: 1, regular triangular PC rigid sheet unit; 2, 30°-60°-90° triangular acrylic sheet unit; 3, transparent hinge; 4, steering gear fixed frame; 5, sheet fixed frame; 6, L-shaped steel; 7, servo steering gear; 8, driving gear; 9, driven rack; 10, steering gear seat; 11, connecting rod; 13, multispectral illuminance sensor; 14, TOF laser ranging sensor array; 15, building; 16, window; 17, indoor working plane; 18, building adaptive skin system. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Combined with Figures 1 - 15 , the present invention proposes a lightweight sheet building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment. The adaptive skin system includes a support frame, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, a skin unit stretching module, and a lightweight sheet structure skin module. The lightweight sheet structure skin module is composed of several groups of regular triangular lightweight sheet units 1 and right triangular lightweight sheet units 2 folded and laid flat. Adjacent sheet units are connected by transparent hinges 3 to form an overall linkage folding structure. The skin unit stretching module includes a servo steering gear 7, a gear 8, a rack 9, a steering gear seat 10, and a connecting rod 11. The servo steering gear 7 is fixed to the steering gear fixed frame 4 of the support frame through an L-shaped steel 6, and the servo steering gear 7 is placed in the steering gear seat 10. The gear 8 is rigidly connected to the output shaft of the servo steering gear 7, the rack 9 meshes with the gear 8 and slides in the vertical direction. The end of the rack 9 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 11, and the other end of the connecting rod 11 is connected to a preset anchor point of the lightweight sheet unit. The data acquisition module integrates environmental parameter sensors and user behavior sensors. The sensor data is processed by the fusion algorithm of the drive control module to generate an operation instruction for the servo steering gear 7.

[0042] The data acquisition module includes an environmental sensor and a user behavior sensor. The environmental sensor collects light intensity and temperature data in real time, and the user behavior sensor captures the distribution and location of indoor personnel through a distance sensor. The environmental parameter sensor uses a multispectral illuminance sensor 13, and the user behavior sensor uses a TOF laser ranging sensor array 14.

[0043] In the data acquisition module, the multispectral illuminance sensor 13 collects data at a frequency of 10 Hz, with an illuminance detection range of 0 - 100 klux and an accuracy of ±0.5%. The user behavior sensor uses a TOF laser ranging sensor array 14 for positioning, with a personnel tracking accuracy of ±2 cm. The data is input into the drive control module after Kalman filtering. The system response delay is ≤0.5 seconds.

[0044] In the data acquisition module, the user behavior sensor uses a fusion positioning technology of a thermal imaging camera and a millimeter - wave radar to identify hotspots of personnel density distribution through a clustering algorithm. The environmental sensor uses a multispectral light sensor. The data is input into the drive control module after Kalman filtering fusion, and the daylighting adjustment response time is less than 1 second.

[0045] When the servo - actuator 7 rotates forward, the gear 8 drives the rack 9 to move forward, and the connecting rod 11 pushes the lightweight sheet unit to unfold, increasing the skin opening rate. When the servo - actuator 7 rotates backward, the rack 9 moves backward, and the lightweight sheet unit folds, reducing the opening rate, realizing the adaptive regulation of daylighting efficiency.

[0046] The support frame is divided into a servo - actuator fixed frame 4 and a sheet fixed frame 5, which are made of aerospace - grade high - strength aluminum alloy. The servo - actuator fixed frame 4 has five horizontal cross - beams, which are equally spaced. The middle cross - beam is provided with an L - shaped steel 6 for installing the servo - actuator 7. The servo - actuator fixed frame 4 is connected to the sheet fixed frame 5 around it, and the vertical columns are connected to the building structure through seismic dampers. The support frame is a frame - type structure, and the frame uses high - strength aluminum alloy materials to carry the lightweight sheet structure skin module and the drive control module.

[0047] The epidermal unit stretching module is composed of a servo steering gear, a gear and a rack. The output shaft of the servo steering gear is rigidly connected to the gear coaxially. The gear meshes with the rack, and the end of the rack is hinged to the epidermal module of the lightweight sheet structure through a connecting rod structure. Specifically, the epidermal unit stretching module is composed of m*n servo steering gears 7 fixed on the L-shaped steel 6 of the support frame. m is the number of crossbeams of the support frame, and n is the number of L-shaped steels 6 installed on the crossbeam. It is electrically connected to the Arduino servo steering gear expansion board of the drive control module by wire. The rotating piece of the servo steering gear 7 is rigidly fixed to the gear 8, and the gear 8 meshes with the rack 9 inserted in the card seat, so that the rotation of the servo steering gear 7 drives the rack 9 to move back and forth. The displacement stroke of the rack 9 is 0-600 mm, and a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating is provided on the surface, and the displacement precision error ≤ ±0.3 mm. The connecting rod 11 is made of aviation-grade high-strength aluminum alloy, and the two ends are respectively connected to the rack 9 and the equilateral triangle lightweight sheet unit 1.

[0048] The gear set of the epidermal unit stretching module adopts the same servo steering gear rotating piece-gear-rack transmission structure. The input end of the gear is rigidly connected to the rotating piece of the servo steering gear coaxially, and the output end is perpendicular to the meshing tooth surface of the rack. Limited position sliding rails are provided on both sides of the rack to ensure that the displacement precision error is less than ±0.5 mm. The end of the rack is rigidly connected to the lightweight sheet through a connecting rod structure, and the lightweight sheets are attached to each other to form a transmission whole, realizing the synchronous unfolding / folding of multiple sheets under single-point drive.

[0049] In the lightweight sheet structure skin module, two types of lightweight skin units with different shapes and materials are arranged by using one-way hinges. Specifically, the lightweight sheet structure skin module includes two categories: the first type of unit is a regular-edge triangular lightweight sheet unit 1 with a side length of 30 cm, made of a 2-mm-thick polycarbonate (PC) rigid sheet, and its surface is coated with a nano-hydrophobic coating; the second type of unit is a 30°-60°-90° triangular lightweight sheet unit 2 with a right-angled side of 30 cm, made of a 2-mm-thick UV-resistant acrylic sheet, and its light transmittance is ≥92%; when the system is in the fully unfolded state, the two types of sheet units are densely paved according to a quantity ratio of 1:3; the hypotenuses and short right-angled sides of six right-angled triangular sheets are mutually attached to form an equilateral triangle with a side length twice that of the long right-angled side (i.e., 60 cm), and the two long right-angled sides on the side are attached to two equilateral triangular sheets to form a single densely paved unit, thus achieving the dense paving of the whole in the fully unfolded state. In the fully folded state, the right-angled triangular lightweight sheet unit 2 is completely folded up, and the whole is densely paved by the equilateral triangular lightweight sheet 1; during the unfolding / folding process, the transparent right-angled triangular lightweight sheet unit 2 forms a hollow area to transmit light, thereby controlling the light transmittance of the adaptive skin; that is, the included angle between the right-angled triangular sheets between the hypotenuses of the right-angled triangular sheets is 0°, the included angle between the right-angled triangular sheets between the short right-angled sides is 120°, and the included angle between the right-angled triangular sheet and the equilateral triangular sheet between the long right-angled sides is 90°. The right-angled triangular acrylic sheet is completely folded under the structure skin, and the whole structure skin is densely paved by the equilateral triangular white hard plastic sheet, with a small light transmittance. When the servo actuator runs forward, the hard plastic sheet at a specific position is pushed by the link structure, causing the structure skin at the corresponding position to bulge, increasing the gap between the equilateral triangular white hard plastic sheets, and the right-angled triangular acrylic sheet folded under the structure skin unfolds, thereby increasing the light transmittance of the structure skin.

[0050] The drive control module is built-in with an adaptive algorithm, generates control instructions according to the sensor data, and drives the servo actuator in the skin unit stretching module to rotate; the drive control module controls the rotation angle of the gear 8 by the rotation angle of the servo actuator 7, further drives the linear displacement length of the rack 9, and the displacement of the rack 9 is converted into the unfolding action of the lightweight sheet through the external push of the link 11 structure, thereby adjusting the gap width between adjacent equilateral triangular lightweight sheets. The drive control module includes a main control unit and a distributed servo actuator controller. The main control unit uses an Arduino development board, runs the Arduino algorithm based on the C++ language, and fuses the environmental data and user behavior data in real time; the distributed servo actuator controller communicates with the main control unit using PWM signals, and each control board independently drives 8 groups of servo actuators 7 and feeds back the operating status to the main control unit.

[0051] The driving control method of the driving control module is as follows: The built-in algorithm of the Arduino development board sets five different current state values and target state values of 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 for the servo motors 7 of each epidermal unit stretching module. Each state value corresponds to a different position of the rack 9, and the distance between the positions of the rack 9 corresponding to adjacent state values is 5 cm. When the state value changes, the position of the rack 9 changes, corresponding to the change in the pushing and pulling length of the connecting rod 11 structure, and then corresponding to the change in the gap size between the epidermal units, thereby affecting the opening rate of the epidermis and the daylighting rate of the building.

[0052] The coupling calculation method of the user behavior and environmental data of the driving control module for the data acquisition module is as follows: The driving control module establishes a dynamic mapping model of light intensity and spatial distance to achieve intelligent adjustment. The light intensity data is divided into three types: low light (0 lux ≤ light intensity < 150 lux), medium light (150 lux ≤ light intensity < 450 lux), and high light (light intensity ≥ 450 lux). The user's distance data from the facade is divided into three types: short distance (distance < 1 m), medium distance (1 m ≤ distance < 3 m), and long distance (distance ≥ 3 m). Different degrees of light intensity and user distance correspond to different state value changes. Among them, the initial state value of all servo motors is 0. When the light intensity is low light, the target state value of all servo motors increases by 2. When it is medium light, the target state value of all servo motors increases by 1. When it is high light, the target state value remains unchanged. When the user's distance is short distance, the target state value of the column of servo motors closest to the user increases by 2. When it is medium distance, the target state value of the column of servo motors closest to the user increases by 1. When it is long distance, the target state value remains unchanged.

[0053] The control effect of the driving control module on the epidermal stretching module is that when the light intensity decreases or users concentrate in a certain area, the daylighting demand in this area increases, and the target state value of the servo motors in this area increases. As a result, the current state value of the servo motors is less than the target state value. The system controls the servo motors to rotate forward, pulling the lightweight panels in this area, causing the structural epidermis in this area to unfold and present a convex state, increasing the gap between the lightweight panels, improving the indoor daylighting efficiency, and increasing the current state value until it is the same as the target state value. On the contrary, if the light intensity increases or users leave a certain area, the daylighting demand in this area decreases, and the target state value of the servo motors in this area decreases. As a result, the current state value of the servo motors is greater than the target state value. The system controls the servo motors to rotate backward, pulling the lightweight panels in this area, causing the structural epidermis in this area to fold and return to a flat state, reducing the gap between the lightweight panels, reducing indoor glare, and reducing the current state value until it is the same as the target state value.

[0054] Embodiment

[0055] The present invention provides a lightweight panel building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment. The lightweight panel building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment is composed of a support frame, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, an epidermal unit stretching module, and a lightweight panel structure skin module. It can dynamically adjust the form of the lightweight panel structure skin through the two-way interaction between user behavior and environmental parameters, thereby improving the indoor light environment of the building.

[0056] The skin system uses the data acquisition module to collect user behavior and environmental information, and then processes the collected information through the drive control module to form decision-making information, and sends a drive signal to the epidermal unit stretching module to make it perform corresponding operations, thereby adjusting the form of the lightweight panel structure skin module. While the form of the lightweight panel structure skin module changes, the indoor environment will also change, and the environmental information will change, so that the change result of the epidermal unit is fed back to the drive control module through the multi-sensory co-drive module, thereby realizing the dynamic adaptive adjustment of the adaptive skin system to the indoor environment.

[0057] According to Figures 1 to 15 The specific structure of the present invention will be described in detail. The building adaptive skin system is composed of several groups of equilateral triangle plates 1 and transparent right triangle plates 2, and takes a ratio of 1:3 as the tiling unit to form an expanded tiling whole through Figures 5 - 6 the arrangement method shown, and then is hinged with transparent hinges 3 in such a way that the two right sides of the right triangle plate 2 are valley creases and the hypotenuse is a mountain crease, thereby forming a tiling surface with the equilateral triangle plate 1 as the tiling unit, and the transparent right triangle plate 2 is a whole structure skin hidden behind the tiling surface through folding. When the folding skin is unfolded by the operation of the servo motor, the equilateral triangle plates 1 are separated from each other, exposing the transparent right triangle plates 2 behind them, forming a dynamic hollow area.

[0058] The overall adaptive skin system is supported by a support framework for the panels and facilities. The support framework is made of aerospace-grade high-strength aluminum alloy and includes a servo actuator fixing framework 4 and a panel fixing framework 5. The servo actuator fixing framework includes vertical columns and horizontal crossbeams. The vertical columns are fixed to the building facade through seismic dampers to ensure overall stability. The crossbeams are designed with equidistant distribution, with a spacing of 600 mm. The middle crossbeam is provided with an installation position for the L-shaped steel 6. The perimeter of the framework is connected to the panel fixing framework 5. The structural skin of the servo actuator fixing framework 4 is fixed to the panel fixing framework 5 of the same size as the folded state, making the overall panel structure in the folded state tend to be stable. At the same time, among the structural skins in the folded state, one row is selected every 4 rows in the vertical direction (excluding the two outermost rows) (the total number of rows is 21 rows, and the 6th, 11th, and 16th rows are selected). The horizontal heights of the panels in these three rows are the same as the heights of the three middle crossbeams of the support framework. In the horizontal direction of each selected row, starting from the starting end, an equilateral triangle panel 1 is selected every 2 units (excluding the two outermost panels) (the total number of units in each row is 22, and the 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, and 19th units are selected). A total of 3×6 equilateral triangle panels 1 are fixed to the aerospace-grade aluminum alloy connecting rods 11 extended from the skin stretching module, ensuring that the overall panel structure is stably located on the vertical plane.

[0059] Each servo actuator 7 is placed in the servo actuator seat 10 and fixed to the crossbeam of the support framework through the L-shaped steel 6. The output shaft of the servo actuator is rigidly connected coaxially with the gear 8. The gear 8 meshes with the rack 9. The rack 9 is placed in the slot on the servo actuator seat 10. The modulus of the gear 8 is 2. The stroke of the rack 9 is 0 - 600 mm, and the surface is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating, with a displacement accuracy of ≤±0.3 mm. The end of the rack 9 is hinged to the preset anchor point of the equilateral triangle panel 1 at a specific position through the aerospace-grade aluminum alloy connecting rod 11, and the anchor point is located at the center of gravity of the panel.

[0060] Multi-spectral illuminance sensors 13 (range 0 - 100 klux, accuracy ±0.5%) are installed at the working plane position 650 mm above the ground inside the building. TOF laser ranging sensor arrays 14 (detection distance 0.1 - 5 m, accuracy ±2 cm) are arranged at 1.8 m from the indoor outer wall to track the user's position in real time. The sensor data is collected at a frequency of 10 Hz and input into the drive control module after being denoised by Kalman filtering.

[0061] The main control unit uses an Arduino Mega 2560 development board to connect three distributed servo control boards (each board drives 8 groups of servos). The operation instruction of servo 7 is controlled by a PWM signal. The driving algorithm of the development board defines a state value (0 - 4) for each servo, and each state value corresponds to a rack displacement interval of 150 mm. At the same time, based on the dynamic mapping model, the light intensity and user distance data are converted into target state values, and the target state value is compared with the current state value in real time. If the target state value is greater than the current state value, the servo rotates forward to unfold the plate, making the plate structure bulge forward, increasing the gap between the equilateral triangle plates, and improving the daylighting efficiency; otherwise, it rotates backward to fold the plate to reduce glare.

[0062] The state value of the servo is determined by the user position and light intensity data input by the sensor to the Arduino development board. The initial target state value of all servos is 0. When the light intensity is low light (0 lux ≤ light intensity < 150 lux), the target state value of all servos +2; when it is medium light (150 lux ≤ light intensity < 450 lux), the target state value of all servos +1; when it is strong light (light intensity ≥ 450 lux), the target state value remains unchanged. When the user's distance data from the facade is close range (distance < 1 m), the target state value of the column of servos closest to the user +2; when it is near range (1 m ≤ distance < 3 m), the target state value of the column of servos closest to the user +1; when it is far range (distance ≥ 3 m), the target state value remains unchanged. To prevent the cyclic influence of the indoor light environment caused by the state change based on light intensity, the drive control module is provided with an anti-oscillation logic unit, which has a dynamically changing 10-minute acquisition window. During the acquisition window period, the state value will not change due to light intensity. In addition, to prevent the epidermal system from reacting slowly due to rapid fluctuations in environmental conditions, the drive control module calculates the light intensity change rate in real time while receiving the sensor signal. When the change rate > 50 lux / s, the acquisition window is shortened to 2 minutes.

[0063] The following demonstrates two typical scenarios of the specific system operation process, and labels 3×6 servos, divided into three rows A, B, C and six columns 1 - 6, denoted as A1 - C6.

[0064] When the building is in the cloudy operation period, the data acquisition module collects the indoor light intensity of the building and the user's location information. At this time, the light intensity is 100 lux (weak light), no user is detected within 3 m (far distance), the current state value of all servos is 2, and the target state value is 0 (initial target state value) + 2 (weak light) + 0 (far distance) = 2. The current state value of the servo = the target state value, and the skin unit stretching module remains stationary. At this time, the user approaches the window, and the TOF laser distance sensor array detects that the user is 0.8 m away from the facade (close distance) and is close to the fourth row of servos. At this time, the target state value of the fourth row of servos is 0 (initial target state value) + 2 (weak light) + 2 (close distance) = 4. The target state value > the current state value, and the difference is 4 (target state value) - 2 (current state value) = 2. The drive control module sends an instruction, and the three servo motors 7 of A4, B4, and C4 rotate forward, the gear 8 drives the rack 9 to move forward 300 mm, and the connecting rod 11 pushes the equilateral triangle plate 1 to unfold, increasing the gap between adjacent plates and improving the light transmittance. At this time, the multispectral illuminance sensor 13 detects that the current light intensity has changed to 160 lux (medium light). However, since it is in the acquisition window period and the light change rate has not reached the threshold, the anti-oscillation logic unit is triggered, and the servo state value will not change.

[0065] When the building is in the rainy operation period, the data acquisition module collects the indoor light intensity of the building and the user's location information. At this time, the light intensity is 80 lux (weak light), no user is detected within 3 m (far distance), the current state value of all servos is 2, and the target state value is 0 (initial target state value) + 2 (weak light) + 0 (far distance) = 2. The current state value of the servo = the target state value, and the skin unit stretching module remains stationary. At this time, the weather suddenly clears, and the sun shines directly into the room, and the indoor light intensity suddenly rises to 1200 lux (strong light). At this time, the target state value of all servos is 0 (initial target state value) + 0 (strong light) + 0 (far distance) = 0. The target state value < the current state value, and the difference is 0 (target state value) - 2 (current state value) = -2. Moreover, the drive control module calculates that the change rate > 50 lux / s, the window period is reduced to 2 minutes, the anti-oscillation logic unit fails in advance, the drive control module responds quickly, the servo motor 7 rotates backward, the gear 8 drives the rack 9 to move backward 300 mm, and the connecting rod 11 pulls the equilateral triangle plate 1 to fold, reducing the gap between adjacent plates and reducing the light transmittance.

[0066] The above has introduced in detail a lightweight panel building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment. In this article, specific examples are used to elaborate on the principle and implementation mode of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation mode and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight sheet building adaptive skin system for two-way interaction between users and the environment, characterized in that: The adaptive skin system comprises a support frame, a data acquisition module, a drive control module, a skin unit stretching module and a lightweight plate structure skin module; the lightweight plate structure skin module is composed of a plurality of groups of equilateral triangle lightweight plate units (1) and right triangle lightweight plate units (2) folded and laid flat, and adjacent plate units are connected by transparent hinges (3) to form an overall linkage folding structure; the skin unit stretching module comprises a servo steering gear (7), a gear (8), a rack (9), a steering gear seat (10) and a connecting rod (11), and the servo steering gear (7) is connected by an L-shaped The steel (6) is fixed on a steering gear fixing frame (4) of a supporting frame, and a servo steering gear (7) is placed in a steering gear holder (10); a gear (8) is rigidly connected to an output shaft of the servo steering gear (7), a rack (9) is meshed with the gear (8) and slides in a vertical direction, an end of the rack (9) is hinged to one end of a connecting rod (11), and the other end of the connecting rod (11) is connected to a preset anchor point of a light plate unit; the data acquisition module integrates an environmental parameter sensor and a user behavior sensor, and the sensor data is processed by a fusion algorithm of a drive control module to generate an operation instruction for the servo steering gear (7).

2. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental parameter sensor adopts a multi-spectral illumination sensor (13), and the user behavior sensor adopts a TOF laser ranging sensor array (14).

3. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the servo-actuator (7) rotates forward, the gear (8) drives the rack (9) to move forward, and the connecting rod (11) pushes the light plate unit to unfold, thereby increasing the surface opening ratio; when the servo-actuator (7) rotates reversely, the rack (9) moves backward, the light plate unit folds, and the opening ratio is reduced, thereby realizing adaptive control of lighting efficiency.

4. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The support frame is divided into a steering gear fixing frame (4) and a plate fixing frame (5), and is made of aviation-grade high-strength aluminum alloy; the steering gear fixing frame (4) has five horizontal beams, which are evenly distributed, wherein the middle beam is provided with an L-shaped steel (6) for installing a servo steering gear (7); the steering gear fixing frame (4) is connected to the plate fixing frame (5) on all sides, and the vertical columns are connected to the building structure through seismic dampers.

5. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving control module controls the rotation angle of the gear (8) through the rotation angle of the servo steering engine (7), further driving the linear displacement length of the rack (9), and the displacement of the rack (9) is converted into the unfolding action of the lightweight plate through the extrapolation of the connecting rod (11) structure, thereby adjusting the gap width between adjacent equilateral triangular lightweight plates.

6. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The epidermal unit stretching module is composed of m*n servo steering gears (7) fixed on the L-shaped steel (6) of the support frame; m is the number of crossbeams of the support frame, n is the number of L-shaped steels (6) installed on the crossbeam, and is electrically connected to the Arduino servo steering gear expansion board of the drive control module in a wired manner; the servo steering gear (7) rotating plate is rigidly fixedly connected to the gear (8), and the gear (8) and the rack (9) inserted in the card seat are engaged with each other, so that the servo steering gear (7) rotates to drive the rack (9) to move forward and backward; the displacement stroke of the rack (9) is 0-600mm, and the surface is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant coating, and the displacement accuracy error is ≤±0.3mm; the connecting rod (11) is made of aviation-grade high-strength aluminum alloy, and the two ends are respectively connected to the rack (9) and the regular triangle lightweight plate unit (1).

7. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the system is fully unfolded, the two types of panel units are densely laid at a ratio of 1:3; when the system is fully folded, the right-angled triangle lightweight panel units (2) are completely stacked, and the regular triangle lightweight panels (1) form an overall dense layout; during the unfolding / folding process, the transparent right-angled triangle lightweight panel units (2) form a hollow area to transmit light, thereby controlling the light transmittance of the adaptive skin.

8. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving control method of the driving control module is as follows: the built-in algorithm of the Arduino development board is used to set five different current state values ​​and target state values ​​of 0 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 4 for the servo steering motor (7) of each skin unit stretching module, each state value corresponds to a different rack (9) position, and the spacing distance between the rack (9) positions corresponding to adjacent state values ​​is 5 cm; when the state value changes, the rack (9) position changes, the push-pull length of the corresponding connecting rod (11) structure changes, and then the corresponding gap size between the skin units changes, thereby affecting the opening rate of the skin and the daylighting rate of the building.

9. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coupling calculation method of the driving control module for the user behavior and environmental data of the data acquisition module is as follows: the driving control module establishes a dynamic mapping model of light intensity and spatial distance to realize intelligent adjustment; the light intensity data is divided into three types: weak light, medium light, and strong light; the user-facade distance data is divided into three types: close distance, medium distance, and long distance; different light intensity levels and user distance levels correspond to different state value changes; among which, the initial state value of all servos is 0, when the light intensity is weak light, the target state value of all servos increases by 2; when the light intensity is medium light, the target state value of all servos increases by 1; when the light intensity is strong light, the target state value remains unchanged; and when the user distance is close distance, the target state value of the column of servos closest to the user increases by 2; when the distance is medium distance, the target state value of the column of servos closest to the user increases by 1; when the distance is long distance, the target state value remains unchanged.

10. The building adaptive skin system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the data acquisition module, the multispectral illumination sensor (13) collects data at a frequency of 10 Hz, with an illumination detection range of 0-100 klux and an accuracy of ±0.5%; the user behavior sensor adopts a TOF laser ranging sensor array (14) for positioning, with a personnel tracking accuracy of ±2 cm, and the data is input into the drive control module after Kalman filtering; the system response delay is ≤0.5 seconds.

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