Acoustic black hole vibration reduction gear based on photonic crystal

Abstract

The acoustic black hole vibration reduction gear comprises a gear ring and a hub, the hub is coaxially sleeved with the gear ring, the inner wall of the gear ring is connected with the outer wall of the hub through a plurality of spokes, each spoke comprises a plurality of piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and a plurality of acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections, and the piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and the acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections are arranged on the periphery of the hub. The plurality of piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and the plurality of acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections are sequentially connected in a staggered manner, each piezoelectric vibration reduction section is made of a piezoelectric material, and each acoustic black hole vibration reduction section is provided with a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black holes. A comprehensive vibration reduction scheme of piezoelectric damping and the two-dimensional acoustic black hole effect is adopted, the performance of a gear vibration reduction system is remarkably improved, the adaptability of the gear vibration reduction system in a complex and changeable vibration environment is greatly enhanced, the two effects work cooperatively, efficient dissipation of gear vibration energy is achieved, and the vibration reduction effect is good. And effective suppression of vibration in a broadband range is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gears, and in particular to an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals. Background Art

[0002] In the field of construction machinery, gears, as the core components of the transmission system, their performance directly affects the stability and efficiency of the entire mechanical system. However, gears often generate vibrations and noises during the transmission process, which not only reduce the working precision and service life of the machine, but also have an adverse impact on the operating environment and personnel health. Therefore, how to improve the vibration damping performance of the gear transmission system has always been a research hotspot in the field of engineering technology.

[0003] In recent years, phononic crystals, as a special material with a periodic structure, have attracted much attention due to their unique band gap effect. The band gap effect of phononic crystals can make vibration waves unable to propagate within certain specific frequency ranges, and this characteristic makes it show great application potential in the fields of vibration control and noise suppression. For example, a patent application (CN201420575623.7) has disclosed a vibration damping gear using the band gap effect of phononic crystals. By reasonably designing the structural parameters of the phononic crystal, the effective reduction of specific frequency vibrations and noises during the gear transmission process is achieved. In addition to phononic crystals, acoustic black holes, as a new type of wave control technology, have also been preliminarily applied in the field of gear vibration damping and noise reduction. Through specific geometric designs, the acoustic black hole structure can guide vibration waves to converge towards the interior of the structure and gradually dissipate, thereby achieving the effect of vibration damping and noise reduction. For example, another patent application (CN 202210858216.6) has disclosed a vibration damping and noise reduction gear with a one-dimensional acoustic black hole structure arranged on the gear, and this structure can use the acoustic black hole effect to perform broadband vibration damping and noise reduction treatment on the gear.

[0004] Although the above methods have improved the vibration damping performance of gears to a certain extent, the vibration forms of gears are often relatively complex. Most of the existing gear vibration damping methods are aimed at suppressing vibrations at specific frequencies, and it is difficult to efficiently meet the requirements of broadband vibration damping for gears. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the above problems existing in the existing gear vibration damping, the present invention aims to provide an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals.

[0006] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] An acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals, comprising: a gear ring and a hub, the gear ring is coaxially sleeved outside the hub, and the inner wall of the gear ring and the outer wall of the hub are connected by a plurality of spokes. Each spoke includes a plurality of piezoelectric vibration damping segments and a plurality of acoustic black hole vibration damping segments, and the plurality of piezoelectric vibration damping segments and the plurality of acoustic black hole vibration damping segments are connected in an alternating manner in sequence. Moreover, each piezoelectric vibration damping segment is made of piezoelectric material, and each acoustic black hole vibration damping segment has a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black holes.

[0008] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole is a circular reduction type structure.

[0009] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, the adjacent piezoelectric vibration damping segment and the acoustic black hole vibration damping segment are connected by a flange structure.

[0010] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, the plurality of spokes are evenly distributed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the hub.

[0011] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, at least two spokes are provided.

[0012] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, a shaft hole is coaxially provided on the hub for connecting a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft and the shaft hole are connected by a key structure.

[0013] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, a keyway is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole.

[0014] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, a plurality of joint holes are provided on the outer wall of the hub, and the plurality of joint holes are in positioning fit with one end of the plurality of spokes.

[0015] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, the hub includes two discs, a plurality of the joint holes are formed between the outer walls of the two discs, and the two discs are connected by a plurality of bolts.

[0016] As a further improvement and optimization of this solution, a plurality of bolt connection holes are provided on the two discs. The positive effects of the above technical solutions compared with the prior art are:

[0017] The present invention adopts a comprehensive vibration damping solution of piezoresistive damping and two-dimensional acoustic black hole effect, which not only significantly improves the performance of the gear vibration damping system, but also greatly enhances its adaptability in complex and changeable vibration environments. The two effects work together, which not only realizes the efficient dissipation of the gear vibration energy, but also realizes the effective suppression of vibration in a wide frequency range. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spoke of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hub of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention;

[0022] In the drawings: 1, gear ring; 2, hub; 3, spoke; 4, bolt; 21, disc; 22, shaft hole; 23, keyway; 24, joint hole; 25, bolt connection hole; 31, piezoelectric vibration damping section; 32, acoustic black hole vibration damping section; 321, two-dimensional acoustic black hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, but it is not limited to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention, Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the spoke of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention, Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the two-dimensional acoustic black hole of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention, Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hub of an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals according to the present invention, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, showing an acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystals in a preferred embodiment, including: a gear ring 1 and a hub 2, the gear ring 1 is coaxially sleeved outside the hub 2, and the inner wall of the gear ring 1 and the outer wall of the hub 2 are connected by a plurality of spokes 3. Each spoke 3 includes a plurality of piezoelectric vibration damping sections 31 and a plurality of acoustic black hole vibration damping sections 32. The plurality of piezoelectric vibration damping sections 31 and the plurality of acoustic black hole vibration damping sections 32 are alternately connected in sequence, and each piezoelectric vibration damping section 31 is made of a piezoelectric material, and each acoustic black hole vibration damping section 32 has a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black holes 321.

[0025] More preferably, the piezoelectric material is a piezoelectric material with damping characteristics, such as piezoelectric ceramics.

[0026] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 is a circular reduction type structure.

[0027] Specifically, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 is designed as a circular tapered structure. As shown in Figure 3 , the surface of this structure is the contour line of a power function. Taking one of the cross-sections as an example, the contour line of the power function is h(x) = εx m , where h is the distance of the surface contour of the acoustic black hole structure relative to the bottom of the structure, and the exponent m is not less than 2. This structure can change the propagation trajectory of the waves inside the structure. When the vibration waves enter the acoustic black hole region, they will deflect towards the center of the acoustic black hole, and the wave speed gradually decreases to zero as the thickness decreases. According to the mechanical theory, the bending waves in the structure will eventually be concentrated at the center of the acoustic black hole, causing the vibration energy to gradually concentrate and finally be dissipated in the central region.

[0028] In this embodiment, through the ingenious combination of the piezoresistive damping mechanism of the piezoelectric damping section 31 and the two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 effect of the acoustic black hole damping section 32, the efficient dissipation of the gear vibration energy is achieved. Relying on the unique properties of the piezoelectric material, the piezoelectric damping section 31 can convert the mechanical vibrations generated during the operation of the gear into electrical energy, and then effectively absorb and dissipate these vibration energies through piezoresistive damping. At the same time, the acoustic black hole damping section 32 utilizes its tapered geometric structure characteristics to form a unique two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 effect, which can gradually slow down the wave speed during the propagation of the vibration waves and direct the energy to the central region of the structure for concentrated dissipation.

[0029] In this embodiment, when the piezoelectric damping section 31 and the acoustic black hole damping section 32 are arranged alternately in a periodic manner, the entire system exhibits the structural characteristics similar to those of a phononic crystal. This periodic structure design ingeniously introduces the phononic crystal bandgap effect, which can effectively suppress the propagation of vibration waves in a wide frequency range. Through the periodic change of the structure, the system can selectively block the vibration waves in specific frequency bands, thereby achieving the effective isolation of the vibrations in these frequency bands.

[0030] In this embodiment, the comprehensive damping solution of piezoresistive damping and the two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 effect not only significantly improves the performance of the gear damping system, but also greatly enhances its adaptability in complex and variable vibration environments. The two effects work together, not only achieving the efficient dissipation of the gear vibration energy, but also achieving the effective suppression of vibrations in a wide frequency range.

[0031] More preferably, the piezoelectric damping section 31 can be combined with an external sensor and a control system to monitor the vibration signals in real time and adjust the working state of the piezoelectric damping section 31 according to the changes in the vibration frequency and amplitude.

[0032] In some embodiments, the two-dimensional acoustic black hole 321 can also be a tapered polygonal structure, which gradually decelerates and concentrates energy during the propagation of vibration waves.

[0033] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the arrangement density and quantity of the piezoelectric damping section 31 and the acoustic black hole damping section 32 can be adjusted according to the gear structure and damping requirements.

[0034] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the adjacent piezoelectric damping section 31 and acoustic black hole damping section 32 are connected through a flange structure to keep the gear running stably.

[0035] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, multiple spokes 3 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the hub 2 at equal intervals.

[0036] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, at least two spokes 3 are provided. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the spoke 3 can be circular, rectangular, etc.

[0037] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a shaft hole 22 is coaxially provided on the hub 2 for connecting a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft and the shaft hole 22 are connected through a key structure.

[0038] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a keyway 23 is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole 22.

[0039] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of joint holes 24 are provided on the outer wall of the hub 2, and the plurality of joint holes 24 are in positioning fit with one end of the plurality of spokes 3.

[0040] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the hub 2 includes two discs 21, a plurality of joint holes 24 are formed between the outer walls of the two discs 21, and the two discs 21 are connected through a plurality of bolts 4.

[0041] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a plurality of bolt connection holes 25 are provided on the two discs 21.

[0042] The advantages of this embodiment are as follows: The entire gear damping device has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, and can achieve high-efficiency damping in a multi-frequency range. At the same time, this device is applicable to various mechanical transmission systems, can improve the damping effect, reduce noise, and improve the operating environment.

[0043] In actual use, the following factors should be considered:

[0044] 1. The connection between the gear and the transmission shaft. According to the load size and the geometric dimensions of the transmission shaft, the transmission shaft and the gear can choose connection methods such as keyway 23 connection and expansion connection.

[0045] 2. The connection between both ends of the spoke 3 and the hub 2 and the gear ring 1. According to the size of the transmitted load and the material selection, various connection methods such as welding and screw connection can also be selected.

[0046] 3. The connection between the piezoelectric damping section 31 and the acoustic black hole damping section 32 is determined according to the maximum rotational speed of the gear, and suitable connection methods such as welding and flange connection can be selected.

[0047] 4. The number and arrangement of the piezoelectric damping section 31 and the acoustic black hole damping section 32 can be adjusted according to the geometric dimensions and load magnitude of the gear.

[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the implementation manners and protection scope of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it should be realized that all equivalent replacements and obvious changes made by using the description and illustrations of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acoustic black hole vibration reduction gear based on phononic crystal, characterized in that: include: A gear ring and a wheel hub, wherein the gear ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the wheel hub, the inner wall of the gear ring is connected to the outer wall of the wheel hub via a plurality of spokes, each of the spokes comprises a plurality of piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and a plurality of acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections, the plurality of piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and the plurality of acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections are staggered and connected in sequence, each of the piezoelectric vibration reduction sections is made of piezoelectric material, and each of the acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections has a plurality of two-dimensional acoustic black holes.

2. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two-dimensional acoustic black hole is a circular reduced structure.

3. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The adjacent piezoelectric vibration reduction sections and the acoustic black hole vibration reduction sections are connected via a flange structure.

4. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plurality of spokes are distributed at equal intervals along the circumference of the hub.

5. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 4 is characterized in that: At least two spokes are provided.

6. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel hub is coaxially provided with an axial hole for connecting a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is connected to the axial hole via a key structure.

7. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 6, characterized in that: A keyway is provided on the inner wall of the shaft hole.

8. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the hub is provided with a plurality of joint holes, and the plurality of joint holes are positioned and matched with one end of the plurality of spokes.

9. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wheel hub comprises two discs, a plurality of joint holes are formed between the outer walls of the two discs, and the two discs are connected by a plurality of bolts.

10. The acoustic black hole vibration damping gear based on phononic crystal according to claim 9, characterized in that: A plurality of bolt connection holes are arranged on the two discs.

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