Exhaust system and method for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants

Abstract

The invention discloses an exhaust system and method for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants. The exhaust system comprises a plurality of sensors, a plurality of air openings, a fan and a fan controller. The plurality of sensors are arranged around a pollution source at intervals, the plurality of sensors are connected with a fan controller, the plurality of air ports are symmetrically formed in the two sides of a wall, the air ports are formed in the positions close to the ground, fans are arranged in the plurality of air ports, and the fans are connected with the fan controller. The jet flow direction and strength are accurately controlled, a certain airflow barrier can be formed around a pollution source, indoor space can be covered more effectively, pollutants are prevented from diffusing to other areas, high-efficiency isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants are achieved, the environment quality of other indoor areas is protected, and the indoor environment is protected. And a safer and healthier indoor environment is provided for personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of indoor air purification, and in particular to an exhaust air system and method for removing fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in a room. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of the industrialization process and the development of urbanization, various chemicals are used indoors for production and life, and among them, there are some heavy-density pollutants (such as heavy metal particles, chemical insulating gases, refrigerant vapors, etc.). Generally speaking, heavy-density pollutant gases refer to gases with a relative density greater than that of air, and their harm to human health and the environment is particularly prominent.

[0003] The air distribution of the purification air-conditioning system requires that the air turbulence phenomenon be reduced as much as possible in the controlled area, and the best situation is that the air flow in the control area flows according to the existing design. Due to their large mass, heavy-density pollutants are likely to deposit on the ground or the surface of equipment, and it is difficult for traditional air purification systems to effectively capture and remove these pollutants. Common air supply methods include traditional mixed flow based on the principle of dilution and mixing, displacement air supply controlled by buoyancy, and the method of forming a piston flow, that is, the air supply has a uniform velocity and concentration in the vertical direction, which is similar to the upward flow after forming an air lake with displacement air supply.

[0004] The traditional mixed-flow air supply method is widely used in non-purification air-conditioning systems, with mature technology and low cost, and can achieve a relatively uniform air distribution. However, it lacks targeted control effects on pollutants, and pollutants are likely to diffuse indoors and are difficult to be quickly discharged. Displacement air supply sends fresh air from the lower part of the room and uses the principle of thermal buoyancy to make the fresh air rise naturally, which can achieve stratified air supply to a certain extent and reduce the mixing of fresh air and pollutants. However, since the fresh air is sent from the lower part, it may cause the heavy-density pollutants originally gathered in the lower space to be driven and diffused to other areas of the room, which instead exacerbates the diffusion of pollutants. At the same time, it has high requirements for the room height and heat source distribution, and the applicable scenarios are limited. Piston flow (unidirectional flow) air supply forms a unidirectional air flow by horizontally supplying air from one side wall, which can quickly push pollutants to the exhaust outlet and has a significant effect in an empty room. However, in actual applications, when there are machine equipment or personnel activities in the room, obstacles will interfere with the air flow, causing the unidirectional flow to become turbulent and forming air flow clusters around the obstacles, reducing the pollutant discharge efficiency. In addition, in the face of the leakage of heavy-density pollutants, piston flow needs to maintain a high-speed air flow in a large area, with high energy consumption and poor economy, especially inapplicable in large spaces or rooms with complex layouts. Therefore, although the traditional mixed flow, displacement air supply, and piston flow air supply methods have their own advantages, they all have obvious deficiencies in terms of pollutant control efficiency, adaptability to complex environments, and economy, and there is an urgent need for a new air supply method that can take into account these requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust air system and method for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants, so as to solve the problems of low pollutant control efficiency and low adaptability to complex environments in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An exhaust air system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants includes a plurality of sensors, a plurality of air vents, a fan, and a fan controller; A plurality of the sensors are arranged at intervals around the pollution source, and a plurality of the sensors are all connected to the fan controller. A plurality of the air vents are symmetrically opened on both sides of the wall, the air vents are arranged at a position close to the ground, and a fan is arranged in each of the plurality of air vents, and the fan is connected to the fan controller.

[0007] Further, the sensors include gas sensors and concentration sensors, and the gas sensors include sulfur hexafluoride sensors and freon sensors.

[0008] Further, the sensors are installed on the ground, and there is a certain distance between the sensors and the surface of the pollution source.

[0009] Further, the air vents include supply air vents and exhaust air vents, and the angle of the supply air vents is set according to the shape of the pollution source.

[0010] Further, a supply air fan is installed in the supply air vent, and a supply air fan and an exhaust air fan are installed in the exhaust air vent.

[0011] Further, the jet direction vector of the supply air fan points to the exhaust air vent, and the jet landing point of the supply air fan is on the surface of the pollution source.

[0012] Further, the jet intensity of the fan satisfies maintaining the indoor concentration below the occupational health standard or the explosion limit concentration.

[0013] Further, a deflecting plate with a variable angle is installed on the fan.

[0014] Further, the fan is a reversible axial flow fan.

[0015] An exhaust air method for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants as described above includes: The sensors collect the pollutant concentration data in the indoor environment in real time, and the fan controller compares the real-time collected pollutant concentration data with the safety threshold to find the pollutant leakage position; When the pollutant concentration exceeds the safety threshold, different air outlet exhaust arrangements are determined according to the pollutant leakage location, the fan is started, and the intensity and direction of the fan jet are controlled. The jet of the fan induces and isolates the air, coordinates the air flow of the exhaust outlet and the supply outlet, and realizes the isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants in the room.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides an exhaust system for removing fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in a room. Sensors are arranged around the pollution source to monitor the pollutant concentration in real time, facilitating the rapid location of the leakage position. The air outlets are arranged at the corners of each wall, and the air outlets are equipped with fans, which are convenient for having the ability of air supply and exhaust. The intensity and direction of air supply and exhaust can be flexibly adjusted according to the distribution and concentration of pollutants in the room, better meeting the air purification requirements in different scenarios. The fan controller directs the jet direction towards the surface of the pollution source and matches it with an appropriate jet intensity to facilitate the isolation and discharge of pollutants. By precisely controlling the jet direction and intensity, the present invention can more effectively strip the pollutants from the pollution source and discharge them outdoors, improving the discharge efficiency of heavy-density pollutants and reducing the residue of pollutants in the room. Through reasonable air flow organization, a certain air flow barrier is formed around the pollution source, enhancing the air flow effect, helping to more effectively cover the indoor space, preventing the pollutants from spreading to other areas, realizing the efficient isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants, protecting the environmental quality of other areas in the room, and providing a safer and healthier indoor environment for personnel.

[0017] The present invention also provides an exhaust method for removing fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in a room. By using sensors to monitor the pollutant concentration and position in real time, the pollutant leakage position can be quickly and accurately determined. Combining with jet control technology, the air flow of the exhaust outlet and the supply outlet is coordinated to form a reasonable air flow organization, enabling the air flow to more effectively cover the polluted area and realizing the efficient isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants. The present invention uses jet technology to generate a directional flow through high-speed air flow. Through the induction and isolation of air by the jet, the pollutants are controlled in a certain area and discharged through the negative pressure outlet in the vicinity. This directional flow and area control ability can prevent the pollutants from spreading to other areas, protect the environmental quality of other areas in the room, and provide a safer and healthier indoor environment for personnel. The air supply area of the present invention is small, suitable for the rapid removal of heavy-density pollutants existing locally, and can be used in industrial factories, laboratories, hospitals and other places with high air quality requirements, especially suitable for treating particulate matter or gaseous pollutants with a relatively large density, and has wide applicability. Description of the Drawings

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the exhaust air system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a supply air vector diagram of the exhaust air system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a velocity field distribution diagram of the exhaust air system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a flowchart of the exhaust air method for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Wherein: 1 - First sensor, 2 - Second sensor, 3 - Third sensor, 4 - Fourth sensor, 5 - First air outlet, 6 - Second air outlet, 7 - Third air outlet, 8 - Fourth air outlet, 9 - Fifth air outlet, 10 - Sixth air outlet, 11 - Seventh air outlet, 12 - Eighth air outlet, 13 - Pollution source. Detailed implementation manners

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to understand the features and effects of the present invention, the following is a general description and definition of the terms and expressions mentioned in the specification and claims. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the ordinary meaning understood by those skilled in the art for the present invention. When there is a conflict, the definition in this specification shall prevail. The terms used in the specification of the present invention herein are only for the purpose of describing specific implementation manners and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Only the parts related to the present application are shown in the drawings, not all the content. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0026] Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. It should be further understood that, after reading the teachings of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the present invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the appended claims of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following drawings, and thus, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent drawings.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship, it is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use. This is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0029] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but it can be slightly inclined.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, if terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "coupled" are used, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings: See Figure 1, the present invention provides an exhaust air system for excluding indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants, which includes a plurality of sensors, a plurality of air vents, a fan, and a fan controller. The plurality of sensors are arranged at intervals around the pollution source 13 and are installed on the ground at a certain distance from the surface of the pollution source 13, so that they will not be directly interfered by the pollution source and can collect the pollutant concentration data in the environment in real time, facilitating the staff to quickly find the leakage location and take corresponding measures in time. The plurality of air vents are symmetrically opened on both sides of each wall, and the air vents are arranged near the ground and as close as possible to both side walls and the ground, which is conducive to forming an effective air flow channel and enabling pollutants to enter the exhaust air openings more smoothly. This layout method fully considers the laws of indoor air flow and the characteristics of pollutant diffusion, aiming to achieve the optimal air flow organization effect. A fan is arranged in each air vent, which has a strong air flow regulation ability and can change the air flow direction according to actual needs to ensure that pollutants can be accurately and efficiently discharged outdoors. The plurality of sensors are all connected to the fan controller to compare the pollutant concentration data collected by the sensors in real time with a preset threshold value. The fan is connected to the fan controller to control the jet intensity and direction of the fan.

[0032] The types of sensors can include but are not limited to gas sensors (such as sulfur hexafluoride sensors, freon sensors, etc.) and concentration sensors, and these sensors can collect the pollutant concentration data in the environment at a preset time interval (such as every second or every minute).

[0033] The fan controller is connected to the sensors by wired or wireless means to preprocess the received data. The data collected by the sensors is transmitted to the fan controller through wired or wireless communication means, and the wireless communication means include RS485, ZigBee, LoRa, and Wi-Fi, etc.

[0034] The air vents are arranged at the corners of each wall and include air supply vents and exhaust air vents, and the angles of the air supply vents are set according to the shape of the pollution source 13. If a fan with an unchangeable direction is used inside the air vent, a deflector with a changeable angle should be installed. When two air vents between any two adjacent sensors are selected as exhaust air vents and the air vents between the remaining exhaust air vents are used as another exhaust air vent, the air vents on the remaining two sides are air supply vents, which can enable the air supply vents to only need to install air supply fans, thus better taking into account the economic effect. The air vents used as exhaust air vents need to install both air supply fans and exhaust fans at the same time. Or an axial flow fan that can be reversed can be installed inside the air vent to change the air flow direction and facilitate the ability to supply and exhaust air at the same time.

[0035] The jet direction of the air supply fan points to the exhaust outlet, and the landing point is on the surface of the pollution source 13, and is equipped with an appropriate jet intensity to facilitate the isolation and discharge of pollutants. The jet intensity of the fan should meet the requirement of maintaining the indoor concentration below the occupational health standard or the explosion limit concentration. The jet direction is set according to the shape of the pollution source 13. The jet direction is set in the direction of the line connecting the center of the air outlet and the center of the pollution source, allowing a small deviation as long as the jet landing point is on the surface of the pollution source 13, and the air supply vector satisfies the following relationship:

[0036] Among them, 、 and respectively represent the air supply vectors in different jet directions.

[0037] The present invention also provides an exhaust method for removing fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in a room, which specifically includes the following steps: The sensor collects the pollutant concentration data in the environment at a preset time interval and transmits it to the fan controller; The fan controller compares the real-time collected pollutant concentration data with the preset threshold according to the received sensor data to quickly find the pollutant leakage location; When the pollutant concentration exceeds the preset safety threshold, according to the pollutant leakage location, determine different air outlet exhaust layout methods, dynamically adjust the startup of fans in different areas under the pre-set air outlet exhaust layout methods, and control the jet intensity and direction of the air supply outlet and the exhaust outlet; The jet of the fan induces and isolates the air, coordinates the air flow of the exhaust outlet and the air supply outlet, and realizes the isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants in the room.

[0038] The following further describes the present invention in detail through specific embodiments: Embodiment 1: As Figure 4 shown, this embodiment provides an exhaust method for removing fixed-source heavy-density pollutants in a room by using jets. Taking a room with a length and width of 10 meters and a height of 4 meters as an example, the pollution source 13 is located at the center of the room, with a length, width and height of 2 meters, 1 meter and 2 meters respectively.

[0039] S1, the 4 sensors arranged are 2 meters away from the geometric center of the surface of the pollution source 13, and the leakage location is at the positions of the first sensor 1 and the second sensor 2, and the velocity field for testing the exhaust effect is measured.

[0040] S2. Determine the positions of the supply and exhaust air vents. Since multiple vents are involved in both exhaust and supply air, based on confirming the exhaust air methods for pollutant leakage at different positions before use, select two vents between any two sensors as exhaust vents, and the two vents between the remaining two sensors are also used as exhaust vents. At this time, the four vents serving as exhaust vents also need to consider supply air simultaneously, and an axial flow fan that can be reversed is used. The remaining four vents can be used only as supply air vents, which can take into account the economic effect well.

[0041] In this embodiment, when the concentration detected by the first sensor 1 or the fourth sensor 4 is much higher than the other three sensors, the first vent 5 and the eighth vent 12 exhaust air outward, and the other vents supply air into the room. When the concentration detected by the second sensor 2 or the third sensor 3 is much higher than the other three sensors, the fourth vent 8 and the fifth vent 9 exhaust air outward, and the other vents supply air into the room.

[0042] S3. Set the angle of the supply air vent according to the shape of the pollution source 13. The pollution source 13 in this embodiment is rectangular, and set the jet direction along the connection line between the center of the vent and the center of the pollution source 13. A small deviation is allowed as long as it is ensured that the jet landing point is on the surface of the pollution source 13.

[0043] Preferably, as Figure 2 shown, the jet end point is set on the surface of the pollution source 13, and the jet direction vectors of the four air inlets on both sides of the exhaust vent point to the exhaust vent, that is

[0044] where , and respectively represent the supply air vectors in three different jet directions.

[0045] S4. Set the jet wind speed to 2.3 m / s and the air change rate to 29 times per hour, which can be adjusted according to the required supply air volume, and try not to be lower than <12 times per hour> in the "Hygienic Standards for Industrial Enterprises Design" GBZ 1-2010.

[0046] S5. As Figure 3 shown, through the velocity field test, it shows that in this exhaust air method, the supply air jet can effectively isolate the diffusion of pollutants to a larger space, and its intersecting jet can carry more momentum to flow towards the exhaust vent, which is convenient for discharging heavy-density pollutants.

[0047] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust system for removing indoor fixed source heavy density pollutants, characterized in that: It includes a number of sensors, a number of air outlets, a fan and a fan controller; Several of the sensors are arranged at intervals around the pollution source (13), and several of the sensors are connected to a fan controller. Several of the air vents are symmetrically opened on both sides of the wall, and the air vents are arranged close to the ground. Several of the air vents are provided with fans, and the fans are connected to the fan controller.

2. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor includes a gas sensor and a concentration sensor, and the gas sensor includes a sulfur hexafluoride sensor and a freon sensor.

3. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed source heavy density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is installed on the ground, and there is a certain distance between the sensor and the surface of the pollution source (13).

4. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed source heavy density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet comprises an air supply outlet and an air exhaust outlet, and the angle of the air supply outlet is set according to the shape of the pollution source (13).

5. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air supply outlet is equipped with an air supply fan, and the air exhaust outlet is equipped with an air supply fan and an air exhaust fan.

6. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 5, characterized in that: The jet direction vector of the air supply fan points to the exhaust port, and the jet of the air supply fan lands on the surface of the pollution source (13).

7. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The jet intensity of the fan is sufficient to maintain the indoor concentration below the occupational health standard or the explosion limit concentration.

8. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan is provided with a guide plate with a variable angle.

9. The exhaust system for removing indoor fixed-source heavy-density pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fan is a reversible axial flow fan.

10. An exhaust method for removing indoor fixed source heavy density pollutants according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The sensor collects pollutant concentration data in the indoor environment in real time, and the fan controller compares the real-time collected pollutant concentration data with the safety threshold to find the location of pollutant leakage; When the pollutant concentration exceeds the safety threshold, different air outlet exhaust arrangements are determined according to the location of the pollutant leakage, the fan is started, and the intensity and direction of the fan jet are controlled. The fan jet induces and isolates the air, coordinates the air flow of the exhaust and supply outlets, and achieves isolation and discharge of heavy-density pollutants in the room.

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