High-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation casting equipment and casting process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production and preparation, and discloses high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment and a casting process thereof. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparing and casting equipment comprises a stirring box, a stirring assembly used for stirring metal mixed liquid is arranged in the stirring box, and a driving assembly used for driving the stirring assembly to operate is arranged at the top of the stirring box. Under the combined action of the driving assembly, the stirring assembly and the adjusting assembly, the effect of changing the stirring speed of a stirring ring and a stirring rod according to the weight of metal mixed liquid is achieved, the mixing effect of aluminum alloy is improved, the uniform metal tissue structure of the aluminum alloy can be better kept in the cooling and curing process, and the service life of the aluminum alloy is prolonged. And the defects and fragile points caused by non-uniform mixing are avoided, and the performance of the aluminum alloy is also greatly enhanced, so that the final product has higher strength and toughness and can meet higher use requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy production and preparation, and particularly relates to a casting device and a casting process for preparing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy. Background Art

[0002] As a lightweight alloy material with excellent properties, aluminum alloy is widely used in fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and electronic equipment. To prepare high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, first, aluminum ingots need to be melted and fully mixed with other alloying elements (such as copper, silicon, manganese, magnesium, etc.). The main purpose is to make the aluminum ingots and other metal raw materials enter the liquid state through high temperature to form alloy liquid. This process can ensure the uniform distribution of alloying elements in the aluminum matrix, thereby obtaining the required physical properties.

[0003] During the melting process of aluminum alloy, stirring can not only accelerate the melting speed of the metal but also effectively prevent the stratification or uneven melting of components in the alloy. Stirring can promote the convection of liquid metal, enhance the mixing of alloying elements, remove gases and impurities, thereby improving the overall performance of the aluminum alloy. The depth of stirring, the stirring speed, and the stirring position are all important factors affecting the final quality of the aluminum alloy.

[0004] When stirring alloy liquids of different weights, if the position and stirring speed of the stirring rod remain unchanged, for lighter metal liquids, the stirring rod may cause over-stirring, resulting in excessive local turbulence, which is likely to introduce gases and impurities, forming pores and inclusions and affecting the final alloy quality; while heavier metal liquids have higher mass and larger volume, so the viscosity of the liquid also increases accordingly. The stirring rod may not be able to effectively stir the entire volume of the metal liquid, especially in the deeper areas of the liquid. At the same time, heavier liquids often exhibit greater inertia, and the fluidity of the liquid becomes worse. A stronger stirring force is required to generate sufficient turbulence and convection effects. If the position of the stirring rod is fixed and the stirring speed cannot be adjusted, the stirring intensity and effect will be limited, which may lead to insufficient stirring and cannot effectively remove gases, remove impurities, or promote the complete dissolution of alloying elements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application proposes a casting device and a casting process for preparing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, which have the advantages of being able to adjust the stirring position of the stirring rod according to the weight of the metal mixture and change the stirring speed of the stirring ring and the stirring rod, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that when melting aluminum ingots and other metals, due to the fixed position of the stirring rod and the unchanged stirring speed, the stirring effects of metal mixtures of different weights vary greatly, thereby affecting the melting quality of the aluminum alloy.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application adopts the following technical solution: A casting device for preparing high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, including a stirring tank. Inside the stirring tank, there is a stirring component for stirring the metal mixture. On the top of the stirring tank, there is a driving component for driving the operation of the stirring component. On the top of the stirring tank, there is also an adjusting component for adjusting the operation speed of the stirring component;

[0007] The stirring component includes a stirring shaft rotatably installed inside the stirring tank. A plurality of stirring rings are slidably installed on the outer side of the stirring shaft. On the outer side of the stirring rings, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly installed in an annular array. A plurality of springs are sleeved on the outer side of the stirring shaft. The plurality of springs are placed between the respective stirring rings, and both ends of the springs are fixedly connected to the adjacent stirring rings. The top end of the uppermost spring is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the stirring tank. The bottom end of the lowermost spring and the bottom end of the stirring shaft are jointly fixedly connected with a fixing ring. A lifting bottom plate is rotatably installed at the bottom of the fixing ring. On the bottom wall of the lifting bottom plate and the inner bottom wall of the magnet, two magnets are symmetrically and fixedly installed, and the two magnets repel each other magnetically.

[0008] Further, two limiting rods are symmetrically and fixedly installed at both ends of the outer side of the stirring shaft. Main limiting grooves respectively in limiting sliding connection with the respective limiting rods are formed on the inner side wall of the stirring ring.

[0009] Further, the driving component includes an L-shaped support plate fixedly installed on the top of the stirring tank. A driving motor is fixedly installed on the top of the support plate. The output end of the driving motor movably penetrates the top wall of the support plate and is fixedly connected with a main rotating shaft. The bottom end of the main rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a coupling. The output end of the coupling is fixedly installed with a driven rotating shaft. A driving ring is rotatably installed on the top of the stirring tank. The driving ring is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the stirring shaft. The driven rotating shaft is in transmission connection with the driving ring.

[0010] Further, a driven limiting groove in limiting sliding connection with the limiting rod is formed on the inner side wall of the driving ring, which is used to prevent the stirring shaft from not being able to rotate simultaneously when the driving ring rotates.

[0011] Further, the adjusting component includes an installation box fixedly installed on the top of the stirring tank. An installation groove is formed on one side of the installation box close to the stirring shaft. A sliding rheostat is fixedly installed inside the installation groove. The sliding rheostat includes a sliding piece slidably installed at the opening of the installation groove. A connecting ring is rotatably installed on the outer side of the top end of the stirring shaft. One end of the connecting ring close to the installation box is fixedly connected with the sliding piece. The sliding rheostat is electrically connected with a DC power supply and forms a transmission ratio circuit. During the process of the sliding piece sliding towards the stirring tank, the resistance of the sliding rheostat in the transmission ratio circuit decreases. The coupling is a magnetorheological fluid type transmission. The coupling is connected to the transmission ratio circuit and is connected in series with the sliding rheostat.

[0012] Furthermore, a limiting card slot adapted to the connecting ring is provided on the outer side of the top end of the stirring shaft, and the inner diameter of the limiting card slot is smaller than the diameter of the stirring shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing cylinder with a sealed top end and an open bottom end is rotatably installed on the inner side wall of the stirring tank. The stirring shaft and the limiting rod movably penetrate through the top wall of the sealing cylinder. The outer side wall of the lifting bottom plate is attached to the inner side wall of the sealing cylinder. A plurality of liquid outlets are provided on the side wall of the sealing cylinder. A plurality of liquid outlet pipes adapted to the liquid outlets are fixedly installed on the side wall of the stirring tank. The liquid outlet pipes are inclined. During stirring, the liquid outlet pipes are blocked by the sealing cylinder. After stirring is completed, the liquid outlets are communicated with the liquid outlet pipes. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the end of each of the plurality of liquid outlet pipes away from the sealing cylinder.

[0014] A casting process for preparing a high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy includes the following processing steps:

[0015] S1. When preparing the aluminum alloy, the prepared aluminum ingots and other metals are added into the interior of the stirring tank. After they are melted into a metal mixture, the driving motor drives the main rotating shaft, the coupling and the driven rotating shaft to rotate. The driven rotating shaft drives the driving ring and the stirring shaft to rotate through transmission connection. Finally, the stirring shaft drives the stirring ring and the stirring rods to rotate to mix and stir the metal mixture.

[0016] S2. When the weight of the metal mixture inside the stirring tank increases, the position of the lifting bottom plate slides down a longer distance under the action of gravity, the distance between each stirring ring becomes more dispersed, and the position and depth of the stirring rods change accordingly, effectively adjusting the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, making the stirring effect more uniform and sufficient.

[0017] S3. When the lifting bottom plate moves downward, it also drives the connecting ring and the sliding piece to move downward through the stirring shaft. The sliding of the sliding piece on the sliding rheostat changes the magnetic field strength of the coupling, further enhancing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the coupling, strengthening the bonding strength between the main rotating shaft and the driven rotating shaft, increasing the rotating speed of the driven rotating shaft, and driving the rotating speeds of the driving ring and the stirring shaft to increase through transmission connection, achieving the effect of changing the stirring speeds of the stirring ring and the stirring rods according to the weight of the metal mixture.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] A high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation casting device and its casting process provided by the present application. When the weight of the metal mixture in the stirring tank increases, the distance between each stirring ring becomes more dispersed due to the downward sliding of the lifting bottom plate, and the position and depth of the stirring rod change accordingly, effectively adjusting the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, making the stirring effect more uniform and sufficient. At the same time, the magnetic field strength of the coupling is changed through the sliding piece and the sliding rheostat, further enhancing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the coupling, strengthening the bonding strength between the main rotating shaft and the driven rotating shaft, increasing the rotation speed of the driven rotating shaft, and driving the rotation speeds of the driving ring and the stirring shaft to increase through transmission connection. Finally, through this precise stirring control, the effect of changing the stirring speeds of the stirring ring and the stirring rod according to the weight of the metal mixture is achieved, not only improving the mixing effect of the aluminum alloy, enabling the aluminum alloy to better maintain a uniform metal tissue structure during the cooling and solidification processes, avoiding defects and weak points caused by uneven mixing, but also greatly enhancing the performance of the aluminum alloy, making the final product have higher strength and toughness and being able to meet higher usage requirements. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a front view sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a structure schematic diagram of the stirring shaft, stirring rod and lifting bottom plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 is an enlarged structure schematic diagram at A in;

[0025] Figure 5 is a structure schematic diagram of the motor, coupling and driving ring of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 is a structure schematic diagram of the adjusting assembly of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1, stirring tank; 2, stirring assembly; 21, stirring shaft; 22, stirring ring; 23, stirring rod; 24, spring; 25, fixing ring; 26, lifting bottom plate; 27, magnetic block; 28, limiting rod; 29, main limiting groove; 3, driving assembly; 31, support plate; 32, motor; 33, main rotating shaft; 34, coupling; 35, driven rotating shaft; 36, driving ring; 37, secondary limiting groove; 4, adjusting assembly; 41, mounting box; 42, mounting groove; 43, sliding rheostat; 44, connecting ring; 45, sliding piece; 46, limiting card slot; 5, plugging cylinder; 6, liquid outlet; 7, liquid outlet pipe; 8, connecting pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1

[0030] Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , a high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting device, including a stirring tank 1. An external heating device is connected to the outside of the stirring tank 1. When producing aluminum alloy, the stirring tank 1 is heated by the external heating device. A plugging cylinder 5 with a sealed top and an open bottom is rotatably installed on the inner side wall of the stirring tank 1. A plurality of liquid outlets 6 are provided on the side wall of the plugging cylinder 5. A plurality of liquid outlet pipes 7 adapted to the liquid outlets 6 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the stirring tank 1, and the liquid outlet pipes 7 are inclined. The ends of the plurality of liquid outlet pipes 7 away from the plugging cylinder 5 are commonly fixedly installed with a connecting pipe 8. An embedded motor is arranged inside the top end of the plugging cylinder 5. This is prior art, so it will not be elaborated here. During stirring, the liquid outlets 6 on the plugging cylinder 5 are misaligned with the liquid outlet pipes 7, so that the liquid outlet pipes 7 are blocked by the plugging cylinder 5, and the mixed liquid inside the stirring tank 1 cannot flow out from the liquid outlets 6 and the liquid outlet pipes 7. After the metal mixed liquid inside the stirring tank 1 is stirred evenly, the plugging cylinder 5 is driven to rotate by the embedded motor, so that the liquid outlets 6 are communicated with the liquid outlet pipes 7, and the mixed liquid inside the stirring tank 1 flows out through the liquid outlets 6, the liquid outlet pipes 7 and the connecting pipe 8.

[0031] Inside the stirring tank 1, there is a stirring assembly 2 for stirring the metal mixture. The stirring assembly 2 includes a stirring shaft 21 rotatably installed inside the stirring tank 1. A plurality of stirring rings 22 are slidably installed on the outer side of the stirring shaft 21. At both ends of the outer side of the stirring shaft 21, two limiting rods 28 are symmetrically and fixedly installed. The stirring shaft 21 and the limiting rods 28 movably penetrate through the top wall of the plugging cylinder 5. Main limiting grooves 29 respectively in limiting sliding connection with the respective limiting rods 28 are formed on the inner side wall of the stirring ring 22. A plurality of stirring rods 23 distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed on the outer side of the stirring ring 22. Since the stirring ring 22 is slidably installed on the outer side of the stirring shaft 21, in order to prevent the situation where the stirring ring 22 cannot rotate when the stirring shaft 21 rotates, the stirring ring 22 can slide on the outer side of the stirring shaft 21 through the clamping connection between the limiting rod 28 and the main limiting groove 29. At the same time, when the stirring shaft 21 rotates, the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rods 23 can also be driven to rotate through the limiting rod 28 and the main limiting groove 29 to stir the metal mixture inside the stirring tank 1. A plurality of springs 24 are sleeved on the outer side of the stirring shaft 21. The plurality of springs 24 are arranged between the respective stirring rings 22, and both ends of the springs 24 are fixedly connected to the adjacent stirring rings 22. The top end of the uppermost spring 24 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the stirring tank 1. The bottom end of the lowermost spring 24 and the bottom end of the stirring shaft 21 are jointly fixedly connected with a fixing ring 25. A lifting bottom plate 26 is rotatably installed at the bottom of the fixing ring 25. The outer side wall of the lifting bottom plate 26 is in fit with the inner side wall of the plugging cylinder 5. Two magnetic blocks 27 are symmetrically and fixedly installed on the bottom wall of the lifting bottom plate 26 and the inner bottom wall of the magnetic block 27, and the two magnetic blocks 27 repel each other magnetically. When there is no metal mixture inside the stirring tank 1, the lifting bottom plate 26 is located in the upper half of the stirring tank 1, and the top end of the stirring shaft 21 is also located outside the stirring tank 1. At this time, the plurality of stirring rings 22 on the outer side of the stirring shaft 21 slide, and the springs 24 between the plurality of stirring rings 22 are also compressed. The plurality of stirring rods 23 are in a state of dense distribution. When there is metal mixture inside the stirring tank 1, under the action of the gravity of the metal mixture, the lifting bottom plate 26 will slide downward, and the plurality of springs 24 will also disperse the respective stirring rings 22 under the action of the elastic force, thereby driving the respective stirring rings 22 to slide and disperse. And as the weight of the metal mixture increases, the distance that the lifting bottom plate 26 slides downward under the action of gravity becomes longer, and the distance between the respective stirring rings 22 becomes more dispersed. The position and depth of the stirring rods 23 change accordingly. This change can effectively adjust the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, so as to accurately adjust the parameters of the mixing process according to the different weights of the metal mixture, and then ensure that the stirring effect is more uniform and sufficient, so that the temperature, composition and flow state of the metal liquid remain consistent throughout the process, thereby improving the quality and stability of the final product.

[0032] Embodiment Two

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, a driving assembly 3 for driving the rotation of the stirring shaft 21 is provided at the top of the stirring tank 1. The driving assembly 3 includes an L-shaped support plate 31 fixedly installed at the top of the stirring tank 1. A driving motor 32 is fixedly installed at the top of the support plate 31. The output end of the driving motor 32 movably penetrates the top wall of the support plate 31 and is fixedly connected to a main rotating shaft 33. The bottom end of the main rotating shaft 33 is fixedly connected to a coupling 34. The output end of the coupling 34 is fixedly installed with a secondary rotating shaft 35. A driving ring 36 is rotatably installed at the top of the stirring tank 1. The driving ring 36 is slidably sleeved outside the stirring shaft 21. A secondary limiting groove 37 for limiting and sliding connection with the limiting rod 28 is formed on the inner side wall of the driving ring 36, which is used to prevent the stirring shaft 21 from not being able to rotate simultaneously when the driving ring 36 rotates. The secondary rotating shaft 35 is in transmission connection with the driving ring 36. When the output end of the driving motor 32 drives the main rotating shaft 33 to rotate, the main rotating shaft 33 drives the secondary rotating shaft 35 to rotate through the coupling 34. The secondary rotating shaft 35 then drives the driving ring 36 to rotate through transmission connection. When the driving ring 36 rotates, it drives the stirring shaft 21 to rotate through the clamping connection between the secondary limiting groove 37 and the limiting rod 28, and finally drives the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 to rotate to stir the metal mixture.

[0034] Embodiment 3

[0035] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6, on the basis of the first embodiment, an adjustment component 4 for adjusting the rotation speed of the stirring shaft 21 is further provided on the top of the stirring tank 1. The adjustment component 4 includes a mounting box 41 fixedly installed on the top of the stirring tank 1. An installation groove 42 is opened on one side of the mounting box 41 close to the stirring shaft 21. A sliding rheostat 43 is fixedly installed inside the installation groove 42. The sliding rheostat 43 includes a sliding piece 45 slidably installed at the opening of the installation groove 42. A connecting ring 44 is rotatably installed on the outer side of the top end of the stirring shaft 21. A limiting card slot 46 adapted to the connecting ring 44 is opened on the outer side of the top end of the stirring shaft 21. The inner diameter of the limiting card slot 46 is smaller than the diameter of the stirring shaft 21, so that the stirring shaft 21 can rotate on the inner side wall of the connecting ring 44, and at the same time, the stirring shaft 21 will not be separated from the connecting ring 44 when sliding up and down. One end of the connecting ring 44 close to the mounting box 41 is fixedly connected to the sliding piece 45. The sliding rheostat 43 is electrically connected to a DC power supply to form a transmission ratio circuit. During the process of the sliding piece 45 sliding towards the stirring tank 1, the resistance of the sliding rheostat 43 in the transmission ratio circuit decreases. The coupling 34 is a magnetorheological fluid type transmission. The coupling 34 is connected to the transmission ratio circuit and is connected in series with the sliding rheostat 43. When there is no metal mixture in the stirring tank 1, the lifting bottom plate 26 drives the stirring shaft 21 to move up, and at the same time, the stirring shaft 21 drives the sliding piece 45 to slide up through the connecting ring 44. At this time, the sliding piece 45 is placed in the upper half of the mounting box 41. As the weight of the metal mixture in the stirring tank 1 increases, the lifting bottom plate 26 drives the connecting ring 44 and the sliding piece 45 to move down through the stirring shaft 21. When the sliding piece 45 slides towards the stirring tank 1 on the sliding rheostat 43, the resistance of the sliding rheostat 43 in the transmission ratio circuit decreases, and the current increases. The increase in the current enhances the magnetic field strength of the coupling 34. The coupling 34 contains magnetorheological fluid inside. Magnetorheological fluid is an intelligent material that can significantly change its rheological properties under the action of a magnetic field. As the magnetic field strength of the coupling 34 increases, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is further enhanced, so that the bonding strength between the main rotating shaft 33 and the driven rotating shaft 35 is enhanced, and the rotation speed of the driven rotating shaft 35 increases. Further, the rotation speed of the driving ring 36 and the stirring shaft 21 is increased through transmission connection, achieving the purpose of changing the stirring speed of the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 according to the mass of the metal mixture. This change in rotation speed enables the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 to cut and stir each component in the metal mixture more evenly during the mixing process, promoting the uniform mixing of the liquid. Especially when the weight of the metal mixture is large, the increase in the stirring speed can effectively overcome the influence of the liquid viscosity, improve the efficiency and effect of stirring, and the components in the metal mixture can be more fully dispersed and fused, thus avoiding problems such as uneven mixing, precipitation, or distinct layers, ensuring that the mixing process is more uniform and stable, thereby improving the consistency and quality of the product, and ensuring that the final product meets higher standards and requirements.

[0036] By adjusting the rotational speed increase of the secondary shaft 35 and the stirring shaft 21 in a timely manner through the coupling 34, the device can automatically sense the rotational speed requirement of the liquid to be stirred and adjust the power output accordingly, thus enabling long-term energy conservation of the stirring device.

[0037] Working principle:

[0038] 1. When preparing aluminum alloy, the prepared aluminum ingots and other metals are added into the interior of the stirring tank 1, and the stirring tank 1 is heated through an external device to melt the aluminum ingots and other metals. The driving motor 32 drives the main shaft 33, the coupling 34, and the secondary shaft 35 to rotate. The secondary shaft 35 then drives the stirring shaft 21 and the limiting rod 28 to rotate through the driving ring 36 and the secondary limiting groove 37. When the stirring shaft 21 and the limiting rod 28 rotate, the stirring ring 22 drives the stirring rod 23 to rotate to stir the melted metal mixture. After the metal mixture is stirred evenly, the embedded motor drives the plugging cylinder 5 to rotate, so that the liquid outlet 6 is connected to the liquid outlet pipe 7, and the mixture inside the stirring tank 1 flows out through the liquid outlet 6, the liquid outlet pipe 7, and the connecting pipe 8;

[0039] 2. During stirring, the greater the weight of the metal mixture inside the stirring tank 1, the longer the distance that the lifting bottom plate 26 slides downward under the action of gravity, and the distance between each stirring ring 22 becomes more dispersed. The position and depth of the stirring rod 23 change accordingly. This change can effectively adjust the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, thereby achieving precise adjustment of various parameters of the mixing process according to the different weights of the metal mixture, and further ensuring that the stirring effect is more uniform and sufficient. At the same time, when the lifting bottom plate 26 moves downward, it also drives the connecting ring 44 and the sliding piece 45 to move downward through the stirring shaft 21. When the sliding piece 45 slides on the sliding rheostat 43 towards the direction of the stirring tank 1, the resistance of the sliding rheostat 43 in the transmission ratio circuit decreases, and the current increases. The increase in current enhances the magnetic field intensity of the coupling 34, further enhancing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the coupling 34, strengthening the bonding strength between the main shaft 33 and the secondary shaft 35, increasing the rotational speed of the secondary shaft 35, and then driving the rotational speeds of the driving ring 36 and the stirring shaft 21 to increase through transmission connection, achieving the purpose of changing the stirring speeds of the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 according to the mass of the metal mixture. This change in rotational speed enables the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 to cut and stir each component in the metal mixture more evenly during the mixing process, promoting the uniform mixing of the liquid, and further achieving the purpose of simultaneously changing the position depth and rotational speed of the stirring rod 23 according to the weight of the metal mixture. The change in rotational speed can also ensure that the stirring force matches the density of the mixture, avoiding the adverse effects of too high or too low stirring speeds on the mixing effect. Metal mixtures of different weights can be optimized under sufficient stirring to ensure that each component in the metal liquid can be fully fused, avoiding the occurrence of precipitation or stratification phenomena.

[0040] A casting process for preparing a high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy, comprising the following processing steps:

[0041] S1. When preparing the aluminum alloy, the prepared aluminum ingots and other metals are added into the interior of the stirring tank 1. After they are melted into a metal mixture, the driving motor 32 drives the main rotating shaft 33, the coupling 34 and the secondary rotating shaft 35 to rotate. The secondary rotating shaft 35 further drives the driving ring 36 and the stirring shaft 21 to rotate through transmission connection. Finally, the stirring shaft 21 drives the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 to rotate to mix and stir the metal mixture;

[0042] S2. When the weight of the metal mixture in the stirring tank 1 increases, the position of the lifting bottom plate 26 slides down a longer distance under the action of gravity, the distance between the stirring rings 22 becomes more dispersed, and the position and depth of the stirring rod 23 change accordingly, effectively adjusting the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, making the stirring effect more uniform and sufficient;

[0043] S3. When the lifting bottom plate 26 moves downward, it also drives the connecting ring 44 and the sliding piece 45 to move downward through the stirring shaft 21. The sliding of the sliding piece 45 on the sliding rheostat 43 changes the magnetic field strength of the coupling 34, further enhancing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the coupling 34, strengthening the bonding strength between the main rotating shaft 33 and the secondary rotating shaft 35, increasing the rotation speed of the secondary rotating shaft 35, and driving the rotation speeds of the driving ring 36 and the stirring shaft 21 to increase through transmission connection, achieving the effect of changing the stirring speeds of the stirring ring 22 and the stirring rod 23 according to the weight of the metal mixture.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment, characterized in that: The stirring box (1) comprises a stirring assembly (2) for stirring a metal mixture, the stirring box (1) is provided with a driving assembly (3) for driving the stirring assembly (2) to operate, and the stirring box (1) is also provided with a regulating assembly (4) for regulating the operating speed of the stirring assembly (2). The stirring assembly (2) comprises a stirring shaft (21) rotatably mounted inside the stirring box (1); a plurality of stirring rings (22) are slidably mounted on the outer side of the stirring shaft (21); a plurality of stirring rods (23) distributed in a ring array are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the stirring ring (22); a plurality of springs (24) are sleeved on the outer side of the stirring shaft (21); the plurality of springs (24) are arranged between the stirring rings (22); and both ends of the springs (24) are fixedly connected to adjacent stirring rings (22); the top end of the uppermost spring (24) is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the stirring box (1); the bottom end of the lowermost spring (24) and the bottom end of the stirring shaft (21) are fixedly connected to a fixing ring (25); a lifting bottom plate (26) is rotatably mounted on the bottom of the fixing ring (25); two magnetic blocks (27) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the bottom wall of the lifting bottom plate (26) and the inner bottom wall of the magnetic block (27); and the two magnetic blocks (27) repel each other magnetically.

2. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Two limiting rods (28) are symmetrically fixedly mounted on the two ends of the outer side of the stirring shaft (21), and the inner side wall of the stirring ring (22) is provided with main limiting grooves (29) respectively connected to the limiting rods (28) in a limiting sliding manner.

3. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The driving assembly (3) comprises an L-shaped support plate (31) fixedly mounted on the top of the mixing box (1); a driving motor (32) is fixedly mounted on the top of the support plate (31); an output end of the driving motor (32) movably penetrates the top wall of the support plate (31) and is fixedly connected to a main rotating shaft (33); a coupling (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the main rotating shaft (33); a slave rotating shaft (35) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the coupling (34); a driving ring (36) is rotatably mounted on the top of the mixing box (1); the driving ring (36) is slidably mounted on the outer side of the mixing shaft (21); and the slave rotating shaft (35) is drivingly connected to the driving ring (36).

4. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The inner side wall of the driving ring (36) is provided with a secondary limiting groove (37) which is slidably connected to the limiting rod (28) and is used to prevent the stirring shaft (21) from being unable to rotate simultaneously when the driving ring (36) rotates.

5. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (4) comprises a mounting box (41) fixedly mounted on the top of the mixing box (1); a mounting groove (42) is provided on a side of the mounting box (41) close to the mixing shaft (21); a sliding rheostat (43) is fixedly mounted inside the mounting groove (42); the sliding rheostat (43) comprises a sliding vane (45) slidably mounted at the opening of the mounting groove (42); a connecting ring (44) is rotatably mounted on the outer side of the top end of the mixing shaft (21); one end of the connecting ring (44) close to the mounting box (41) is fixedly connected to the sliding vane (45); the sliding rheostat (43) is electrically connected to a DC power supply and constitutes a transmission ratio circuit; when the sliding vane (45) slides toward the mixing box (1), the resistance of the sliding rheostat (43) in the transmission ratio circuit decreases; the coupling (34) is a magnetorheological fluid transmission; the coupling (34) is connected to the transmission ratio circuit and is connected in series with the sliding rheostat (43).

6. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A limiting groove (46) adapted to the connecting ring (44) is provided on the outer side of the top end of the stirring shaft (21), and the inner diameter of the limiting groove (46) is smaller than the diameter of the stirring shaft (21).

7. The high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy preparation and casting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing cylinder (5) with a top seal and a bottom opening is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the mixing box (1); the mixing shaft (21) and the limiting rod (28) movably penetrate the top wall of the sealing cylinder (5); the outer wall of the lifting bottom plate (26) fits the inner wall of the sealing cylinder (5); a plurality of liquid outlets (6) are provided on the side wall of the sealing cylinder (5); a plurality of liquid outlet pipes (7) arranged to match the liquid outlets (6) are fixedly mounted on the side wall of the mixing box (1); the liquid outlet pipes (7) are inclinedly arranged and are blocked by the sealing cylinder (5) during mixing; after mixing is completed, the liquid outlet (6) is connected to the liquid outlet pipe (7); a connecting pipe (8) is fixedly mounted on one end of the plurality of liquid outlet pipes (7) away from the sealing cylinder (5).

8. The casting process for preparing a high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy according to claim 6, characterized in that: The processing steps include: S1. When preparing aluminum alloy, the prepared aluminum ingot and other metals are added into the interior of the stirring box (1). After the aluminum ingot and other metals are melted into a metal mixture, the main rotating shaft (33), the coupling (34) and the slave rotating shaft (35) are driven to rotate by a driving motor (32). The slave rotating shaft (35) then drives the driving ring (36) and the stirring shaft (21) to rotate through a transmission connection. Finally, the stirring shaft (21) drives the stirring ring (22) and the stirring rod (23) to rotate to mix and stir the metal mixture. S2. When the weight of the metal mixture in the stirring box (1) increases, the distance that the lifting bottom plate (26) slides down under the action of gravity becomes longer, the distance between the stirring rings (22) becomes more dispersed, and the position and depth of the stirring rod (23) change accordingly, effectively adjusting the flow path and stirring intensity of the mixture, so that the stirring effect is more uniform and sufficient; S3, when the lifting base plate (26) moves downward, the connecting ring (44) and the sliding plate (45) are also driven downward through the stirring shaft (21), and the sliding of the sliding plate (45) on the sliding rheostat (43) changes the magnetic field strength of the coupling (34), further enhancing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid inside the coupling (34), thereby enhancing the bonding strength between the main rotating shaft (33) and the slave rotating shaft (35), increasing the rotation speed of the slave rotating shaft (35), and driving the driving ring (36) and the stirring shaft (21) to increase the rotation speed through the transmission connection, thereby achieving the effect of changing the stirring speed of the stirring ring (22) and the stirring rod (23) according to the weight of the metal mixture.

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