Automatic detection equipment for heavy metal content of polluted soil

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and particularly relates to a polluted soil heavy metal content automatic detection device, which comprises a portable soil metal detection instrument and an automatic collection device, the automatic collection device comprises a mobile machine body, a collection machine body and an intelligent control center, the collecting machine body is used for automatically collecting and detecting a to-be-detected soil sample in a target area; through cooperation of the sampling pipe and the collecting pipe, the integrity degree of the collected to-be-detected soil sample is guaranteed, and the situation that different parts of the to-be-detected soil sample are mixed in the vertical direction is reduced; during detection, an atomic absorption spectrometer is used, through spectral analysis, the principle that heavy metal atoms contained in a sample absorb optical radiation with a specific wavelength, and the absorption amount of the heavy metal atoms is in direct proportion to the content of detected elements is utilized, quantitative analysis of heavy metal is achieved, and the metal content of different soil layer depths of a point to be detected is accurately reflected. Information support is provided for formulating a soil sample heavy metal pollution treatment scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of geological detection, and specifically relates to an automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil. Background Art

[0002] During the development of the soil around mines, it is easy to cause heavy metal pollution in the surrounding soil. The main heavy metal elements in contaminated soil are mercury, cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, nickel, zinc, etc. Since arsenic has similar behaviors, sources, and hazards to heavy metals, it is usually also classified into heavy metals for discussion. In terms of plant needs, they can be divided into two categories: one is the elements that plants do not need for growth and development, but are more obvious in harm to human health, such as cadmium, mercury, lead, etc.; the other is the elements required for normal plant growth and development, and have certain physiological functions for the human body, such as copper, zinc, etc., but excessive amounts will cause pollution and hinder plant growth and development.

[0003] Soil heavy metal pollution has characteristics such as concealment, long-term nature, and irreversibility. These heavy metals may come from various sources such as industrial emissions, unreasonable use of agricultural fertilizers and pesticides, and mineral mining. Once the soil is contaminated with heavy metals, it will not only affect the growth and quality of crops, but may also enter the human body through the food chain, posing a serious threat to human health.

[0004] Accurate detection of heavy metals in soil can timely discover pollution problems. Professional testing institutions can accurately determine the content of various heavy metals in soil through advanced instrument equipment and scientific testing methods: heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury, lead, chromium, arsenic, nickel, etc. can all be detected one by one.

[0005] When detecting soil samples in a polluted area, it is necessary to pre-select sampling points on the ground of the target area. The existing sampling of contaminated soil usually uses manual collection methods, which are inefficient and not suitable for large areas and areas to be measured that require multi-point sampling; and during the sampling work, the collected soil samples are easily mixed together, making it difficult to fully and accurately reflect the heavy metal pollution situation in different depth areas of the contaminated soil. For the collection of soil samples at different depths in the same area, manual excavation sampling often needs to be carried out multiple times, affecting the detection efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the above technical problems; the present invention proposes an automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is: the present invention proposes an automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil, including an atomic absorption spectrometer and an automatic collection device. The automatic collection device includes a mobile body, a collection body, and an intelligent control center. The collection body is used to automatically collect and detect the soil samples to be measured in the target area; The collection body includes a mounting box body, the mounting box body is arranged at the bottom of the moving body, an installation cavity is arranged inside the mounting box body, and a plurality of sampling components are uniformly arranged inside the installation cavity; The sampling component includes a sampling tube, the sampling tube is connected to the telescopic end of a first-level telescopic device at the top of the installation cavity, and a rotating device is arranged on the telescopic end of the first-level telescopic device, and the output end of the rotating device is connected to the top of the sampling tube to drive the sampling tube to rotate relative to the first-level telescopic device; a detection port is arranged at the position corresponding to the sampling tube at the bottom of the installation cavity; The bottom outlet of the sampling tube is conical, and serrated cutting teeth are uniformly arranged at the edge of the bottom outlet of the sampling tube; a collection tube is slidably embedded inside the sampling tube, the bottom opening of the collection tube is directly opposite to the bottom outlet of the sampling tube, and sampling holes are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the collection tube along the vertical direction.

[0008] Preferably, a crawler-type traveling mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the moving body, a safety sensor is arranged on the side wall of the moving body, and a detection camera is arranged on the top.

[0009] Preferably, the sampling component further includes a replacement chute, and the replacement chute is located inside the installation cavity; the replacement chute includes a filling section and a separation section, the filling section and the separation section are distributed along the same straight line, and the sampling tube is located between the filling section and the separation section; Replacement slots are arranged at the positions corresponding to the filling section and the separation section on both sides of the sampling tube, and the openings of the replacement slots coincide with the openings of the filling section and the separation section; A propulsion device is arranged on the inner wall of the filling section, and the propulsion device is used to push the collection tube to slide along the inner wall of the filling section; a limiting device is arranged at the end of the inner wall of the separation section, and the limiting device is used to limit the sliding distance of the collection tube.

[0010] Preferably, both sides of the outer surface of the collection tube bulge, and the surface of the bulging part is of an arc-shaped structure.

[0011] Preferably, a mounting hole is arranged at the top of the collection tube, a limiting convex block is slidably arranged inside the mounting hole, the limiting convex block is elastically connected with the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the top of the limiting convex block is conical; A positioning hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the limiting convex block on the lower surface of the top of the sampling tube, and the inner surface of the positioning hole is conical; the mounting hole penetrates downward into the sampling tube, and a spiral limiting groove is arranged on the inner wall of the collection tube; an inflation device is arranged at the top of the sampling tube, and the air outlet end of the inflation device communicates with the inside of the sampling tube through the positioning hole.

[0012] Preferably, a cleaning plate is provided at the bottom of the limiting bump. The cleaning plate is of a circular plate structure and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the collecting pipe. The upper surface of the cleaning plate is magnetically fixed to the inner wall of the top of the collecting pipe.

[0013] Preferably, a secondary telescopic device is provided in the middle of the top of the sampling pipe. The telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device is provided with a connector. The connector is slidably connected to a through hole provided in the middle position of the inner wall of the positioning hole. The connector is provided with an electromagnet, and the top of the limiting bump is made of iron material.

[0014] Preferably, the inflation device is located in the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device, and the air outlet end of the inflation device communicates with the tubular connector. The inside of the cleaning plate is hollow to form a cleaning cavity. A communication hole is provided at the top of the limiting bump. The communication hole communicates with the cleaning cavity. Impact holes are uniformly provided at the bottom edge of the cleaning plate. The impact holes communicate with the inside of the cleaning cavity.

[0015] Preferably, a cleaning strip is provided inside the impact hole. The cleaning strip is slidably connected to the impact hole, and an elastic member is connected between the end of the cleaning strip and the end of the impact hole.

[0016] Preferably, the limiting bump and the cleaning plate are rotatably connected, and the end of the cleaning strip is made of elastic material. The limiting groove extends downward to the opening position at the bottom of the sampling pipe. A cleaning hole is provided inside the cleaning strip. The cleaning hole penetrates through the cleaning strip and extends to the two side ends of the cleaning strip.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For the automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil of the present invention, serrated cutting teeth are uniformly provided at the edge of the bottom pipe orifice of the sampling pipe. In this way, the continuously rotating bottom of the sampling pipe can smoothly cut the soil layer, so that the sampling pipe can be smoothly embedded into the soil layer, and the part corresponding to the inside of the sampling pipe in the soil layer is embedded into the inside of the sampling pipe to form a cylindrical soil sample to be tested; the soil sample to be tested is upwardly embedded into the collecting pipe in the sampling pipe. In this way, when the soil sample to be tested is taken out subsequently, only the collecting pipe in the sampling pipe needs to be pulled out, which can ensure the integrity of the test sample and limit the soil sample to be tested, reducing the possibility of mixing between different parts in the vertical direction of the soil sample to be tested during the process of taking out the sample.

[0018] 2. When the automatic detection equipment for heavy metal content in polluted soil of the present invention is detecting, through the sampling holes uniformly arranged on the side wall of the collection pipe, using tools such as sampling pipes or tweezers, through the sampling holes, the soil samples in the sampling holes at different vertical heights are sequentially extracted and respectively placed into the detection containers. Then, an atomic absorption spectrometer is used to detect the metal content of the soil samples in the detection containers and label and record them in the experimental data table. In this way, the metal content of different soil layers at the measurement point can be more accurately reflected; subsequently, the above operations are repeated to detect each measurement point in the target area. Finally, the data is input into the analysis computer to mark the metal content distribution and penetration situation of the soil geological environment around the mine development area, so as to obtain the soil heavy metal pollution situation in the target area and feedback it to the location of the treatment personnel, providing information support for formulating the treatment plan for soil heavy metal pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a perspective view of another perspective of the present invention; Figure 3 is the internal structure diagram of the collection body in the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the sampling pipe in the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the partial enlarged view of part A in Figure 6 is Figure 5 the partial enlarged view of part B in Figure 7 is the perspective view of the sampling pipe in the present invention; Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the sampling pipe removing the collection pipe in the present invention; Figure 9 is the perspective view of the collection pipe in the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: mobile body 1, collection body 2, installation box body 21, installation cavity 22, sampling assembly 3, sampling pipe 31, cutting teeth 311, replacement groove 312, positioning hole 313, inflation device 314, secondary telescopic device 315, connection head 316, primary telescopic device 32, rotating device 33, detection port 34, collection pipe 35, sampling hole 351, installation hole 352, limiting convex block 353, limiting groove 354, communication hole 355, replacement sliding groove 36, filling section 361, separation section 362, propulsion device 363, limiting device 364, cleaning plate 37, cleaning cavity 371, impact hole 372, cleaning strip 373, cleaning hole 374. Detailed implementation mode

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1: In order to effectively solve the above problems, as shown in the accompanying drawings of the specification Figures 1-9 shown, an automatic detection device for heavy metal content in polluted soil includes an atomic absorption spectrometer and an automatic collection device. The automatic collection device includes a mobile body 1, a collection body 2 and an intelligent control center. The collection body 2 is used to automatically collect and detect the soil samples to be tested in the target area; The collection body 2 includes an installation box body 21. The installation box body 21 is arranged at the bottom of the mobile body 1. An installation cavity 22 is arranged inside the installation box body 21. A plurality of sampling components 3 are evenly arranged inside the installation cavity 22; the atomic absorption spectrometer is used to perform spectral analysis on the soil samples collected by the sampling components 3 and calculate the heavy metal concentration of the target land; The sampling component 3 includes a sampling tube 31. The sampling tube 31 is connected to the telescopic end of a first-stage telescopic device 32 at the top of the installation cavity 22. And a rotating device 33 is arranged at the position where the telescopic end is connected to the top of the sampling tube 31 to drive the sampling tube 31 to rotate relative to the first-stage telescopic device 32; the first-stage telescopic device 32 can select an existing electric telescopic device, and the rotating device 33 can select an existing rotating motor device, both of which are controlled by the intelligent control center; a detection port 34 corresponding to the sampling tube 31 is arranged at the bottom of the installation cavity 22. The detection port 34 is larger than the diameter of the sampling tube 31, so that it is convenient for the vertically telescopic sampling tube 31 to pass through the detection port 34; The bottom outlet of the sampling tube 31 is conical, and serrated cutting teeth 311 are evenly arranged at the edge of the bottom outlet of the sampling tube 31; a collection tube 35 is slidably embedded inside the sampling tube 31. The bottom opening of the collection tube 35 is directly opposite to the bottom outlet of the sampling tube 31. And sampling holes 351 are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the collection tube 35 along the vertical direction. And height scale lines can be arranged on the outer surface of the part where the sampling holes 351 are located. By sampling through the sampling holes 351 corresponding to different heights, the soil samples obtained can more intuitively and accurately reflect the soil heavy metal pollution conditions corresponding to different soil layer depths; Specific workflow: To conduct a more comprehensive investigation of the geological environment around the mine, an important task is to investigate the geological environment of the heavy metal pollution areas formed due to the deterioration of the geological environment caused by mining around the mine; compared with manual sample collection for testing and analysis, it can be achieved through automatic collection of the polluted soil areas around the mine; specifically, the testing personnel issue control commands through remote control, enabling the intelligent control center to operate the moving body 1 to drive the collection body 2 to move. For a target area with a large area, select measuring points with similar spacing, presenting a grid distribution, fully covering the target area to be measured, so that the final test results can fully reflect the metal pollution distribution of the target area. After the collection body 2 stays at the measuring point following the moving body 1, the first-level telescopic device 32 is controlled to start, and the vertically downward telescopic end pushes the sampling tube 31 at the bottom of the collection body 2 to slide downward, pass through the detection port 34 and then contact the ground of the measuring point. Subsequently, the rotating device 33 on the telescopic end is started to drive the sampling tube 31 to rotate while continuing to move downward and penetrate into the soil layer of the measuring point. Jagged cutting teeth 311 are evenly arranged at the edge part of the bottom pipe orifice of the sampling tube 31. In this way, the bottom of the continuously rotating sampling tube 31 can smoothly cut the soil layer, enabling the sampling tube 31 to be smoothly embedded into the soil layer. The corresponding part in the soil layer and the inside of the sampling tube 31 is embedded into the inside of the sampling tube 31 to form a cylindrical soil sample to be measured; because the inner wall of the collection tube 35 is aligned with the inner wall of the sampling tube 31, the test sample is upwardly embedded into the collection tube 35 inside the sampling tube 31. In this way, when taking out the soil sample to be measured later, only by pulling out the collection tube 35 in the sampling tube 31 can the integrity of the test sample be ensured, and the soil sample to be measured is limited, reducing the possibility of mixing between different parts in the vertical direction of the soil sample to be measured during the process of taking out the sample. During the test, through the sampling holes 351 evenly arranged on the side wall of the collection tube 35, tools such as sampling tubes or tweezers are used to sequentially extract the soil samples in the sampling holes 351 at different vertical heights and transport them to the test station. During the specific detection process, an atomic absorption spectrometer is used to detect the samples in the detection container. Through spectral analysis, the heavy metal atoms contained in the samples during the detection process absorb light radiation of specific wavelengths, and the absorption amount is proportional to the content of the element to be measured, thereby realizing the quantitative analysis of heavy metals. The samples obtained from different soil layer depths are detected separately, and the detected data are numbered according to different soil layer depths and recorded in the experimental data table, so that the metal content of different soil layer depths at the measurement points can be reflected more accurately. Subsequently, the above operations are repeated to detect each measurement point in the target area. Finally, the data is input into an analysis computer to mark the metal content distribution and penetration situation of the entire target area, thereby obtaining the soil heavy metal pollution situation in the target area, which is fed back to the location of the processing personnel, providing information support for formulating a treatment plan for soil heavy metal pollution around the mining area.

[0024] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, there are various options for the mobile body 1 of the present application. For a measurement target area with a large coverage, an intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle can be selected as the mobile body 1, and the collection body 2 is installed under the mobile body 1. By operating the intelligent unmanned aerial vehicle serving as the mobile body 1 to stay at evenly distributed measurement points, and then the soil samples at the measurement points are collected. For a target area with a small coverage, an intelligent walking vehicle that can be remotely controlled can also be selected, and a crawler-type walking mechanism is provided at the bottom of the intelligent walking vehicle serving as the mobile body 1. A safety sensor is provided on the side wall of the mobile body 1, and a detection camera is provided on the top, which is convenient for collecting information around the walking path and feeding it back to the operation terminal for adjustment according to the road conditions at any time. Specific working process: Based on the specific working process in Embodiment 1, for the mobile body 1 in Embodiment 1, the present application provides a possible technical solution, and an intelligent walking vehicle convenient for ground walking is selected as the mobile body 1. Existing intelligent unmanned mobile vehicles are equipped with crawler-type walking mechanisms and can adapt to the complex terrain of the target area. The detection personnel remotely control the mobile body 1 to move in the target area, and a detection camera is provided on the mobile body 1, which can feed back the surrounding image information to the operation terminal where the detection personnel are located, facilitating the operator to remotely control the mobile body 1 to bypass areas that cannot be passed through and control the mobile body 1 to smoothly reach the measurement points. The safety sensors include a balance sensor and a collision sensor, etc., which feedback the moving balance and stability of the mobile body 1, facilitating automatic adjustment by the internal intelligent control center, reducing accidents such as the mobile body 1 tipping over, and ensuring the smooth progress of the normal detection of the target pollution area.

[0025] Embodiment 3: On the basis of the second embodiment, the sampling assembly 3 further includes a replacement chute 36. The replacement chute 36 is fixedly installed inside the installation cavity 22, and the replacement chute 36 includes a filling section 361 and a separation section 362. The filling section 361 and the separation section 362 are distributed along the same straight line inside the installation cavity 22, and the sampling tube 31 is located between the filling section 361 and the separation section 362. Replacement slots 312 are provided at the parts of both sides of the sampling tube 31 corresponding to the filling section 361 and the separation section 362, and the openings of the replacement slots 312 coincide with those of the filling section 361 and the separation section 362. A propulsion device 363 is provided at the inner wall end of the filling section 361. The propulsion device 363 can be an electric telescopic device. The telescopic end of the propulsion device 363 abuts against the collection tubes 35 arranged inside the filling section 361. As the telescopic end of the propulsion device 363 extends, the propulsion device 363 can push the collection tubes 35 to slide along the inner wall of the filling section 361. A limiting device 364 is provided at the inner wall end of the separation section 362. The limiting device 364 can be an existing electric telescopic device. The telescopic end of the limiting device 364 abuts against the collection tubes 35 arranged in the separation section 362. As the telescopic end of the limiting device 364 extends or retracts, it cooperates with the propulsion device 363 to control the sliding position of the uniformly arranged collection tubes 35 on the replacement chute 36, so that the sliding distance of the collection tubes 35 is limited. The outer surfaces on both sides of the collection tubes 35 bulge, and the surfaces of the bulging parts are arc-shaped structures.

[0026] Specific working process: On the basis of the specific working process in the second embodiment, after the moving body 1 reaches the measurement point to be measured, the sampling assembly 3 inside the moving body 1 moves. The telescopic end of the propulsion device 363 extends and laterally pushes the uniformly arranged collection tubes 35 on the filling section 361, so that the collection tubes 35 slide laterally along the filling section 361 and pass through the corresponding replacement slots 312 on the side wall of the sampling tube 31 and enter the sampling tube 31. At the same time, the telescopic end of the limiting device 364 on the other side retracts until the collection tubes 35 enter the sampling tube 31. At this time, the sampling tube 31 between the propulsion device 363 and the limiting device 364 is squeezed and limited on both sides and stably embedded into the inner wall of the sampling tube 31. The outer surfaces of both sides of the collection tubes 35 fill the gaps of the replacement slots 312 on both sides and are aligned with the outer surfaces of the surrounding collection tubes 35 to form a complete arc surface. The inner walls of the collection tubes 35 are aligned with the inner wall of the sampling tube 31, which is convenient for the cylindrical soil sample to be measured to be embedded into the collection tubes 35. After the detection is completed and the soil sample to be tested fills the collection tube 35, the propulsion device 363 is controlled to move forward, and the limiting device 364 moves backward to fill the next collection tube 35 into the collection tube 35. Then, the collection tube 35 originally inside the sampling tube 31 drives the soil sample to be tested inside to move horizontally out of the sampling tube 31 and is inserted into the replacement chute 36 of the separation section 362. At this time, the bottom surface of the separation section 362 is in sliding contact with the bottom pipe orifice of the collection tube 35, so that the bottom pipe orifice of the collection tube 35 that moves to the separation section 362 is closed, and the soil sample to be tested inside is limited. As a new collection tube 35 is filled into the sampling tube 31, at this time, the mobile body 1 can move to the next point to be tested to continue the contaminated soil detection operation. Such a filling and replacement process enables the multiple collection tubes 35 evenly distributed on the filling section 361 to alternately collect and store the soil samples to be tested. In this way, the same sampling assembly 3 can perform multiple repeated operations. After all the collection tubes 35 are used up, the next sampling assembly 3 is replaced for sampling, without the need to manually take out the samples to be tested after each detection. According to the number of points to be tested, the number of collection tubes 35 to be placed can be determined. In this way, after completing the sampling and detection of all points to be tested, it can return, take out all the collection tubes 35 for separate detection, reduce the time consumed by manual operation, and improve the detection efficiency of the target contaminated soil.

[0027] Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 3, an installation hole 352 is provided at the top of the collection tube 35. A limiting convex block 353 is slidably arranged inside the installation hole 352. The limiting convex block 353 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the installation hole 352 through an elastic member, and the top of the limiting convex block 353 is conical. A positioning hole 313 is provided at the corresponding position on the lower surface of the top of the sampling tube 31 for the limiting convex block 353. The inner surface of the positioning hole 313 is conical. The installation hole 352 penetrates downward into the collection tube 35, and a spiral limiting groove 354 is provided on the inner wall of the collection tube 35. An inflation device 314 is provided at the top of the sampling tube 31. The air outlet end of the inflation device 314 communicates with the inside of the sampling tube 31 through the positioning hole 313. Here, the inflation device 314 can be a micro air pump device. Specific working process: On the basis of the specific working process in Embodiment 3, the end of the limit bump 353 provided at the top of the collection tube 35 is squeezed in the replacement chute 36 and is pressed into the installation hole 352; when the propulsion device 363 is started to push the collection tube 35 into the sampling tube 31 and fills the middle position inside the sampling tube 31, the limit bump 353 moves to the lower side of the positioning hole 313. At this time, the limit bump 353 is no longer squeezed and protrudes upward under the action of the connected elastic member and is embedded in the positioning hole 313; because the limit bump 353 is conical and the inner wall of the positioning hole 313 is also conical, the end of the limit bump 353 is aligned to the central position of the positioning hole 313 under the guidance of the curved inner wall of the positioning hole 313, so as to stably limit the collection tube 35 at the middle position inside the sampling tube 31; After the collection of the soil sample to be measured at the measurement point is completed, the inflation device 314 is started, so that the air flow flows downward from the positioning hole 313, impacts the limit bump 353 embedded in the positioning hole 313, and makes it move downward, releasing the limiting effect of the mutual embedding between the limit bump 353 and the positioning hole 313 on the collection tube 35. At the same time, the propulsion device 363 and the limiting device 364 are started, prompting the collection tube 35 to slide horizontally out of the sampling tube 31 and enter the separation section 362 on the other side, and the next collection tube 35 is embedded into the sampling tube 31 accordingly, alternately playing the role of collecting the soil sample to be measured; During the gap when the collection tubes 35 inside the sampling tube 31 are exchanged, the downward air flow can wash the residual soil sample in the area below the collection tube 35 inside the sampling tube 31, accelerating its downward separation from the sampling tube 31, so that the inside of the sampling tube 31 is cleaned. After filling a new collection tube 35, it is convenient to perform the sampling operation at the next measurement point; Furthermore, a spiral limiting groove 354 is provided on the inner wall of the collection tube 35, which can increase the relative friction with the embedded cylindrical soil sample to be measured; in this way, after the sampling operation is completed, the limiting groove 354 can prompt the cylindrical soil sample to be measured filled inside the collection tube 35 to remain intact and stable under the action of friction, reducing the situation of disintegration and mixing inside the soil sample to be measured, and ensuring that the detection results can more accurately reflect the heavy metal content at different depths of the soil layer.

[0028] Embodiment 5: On the basis of Embodiment 4, a cleaning plate 37 is provided at the bottom of the limit bump 353. The cleaning plate 37 is of a circular plate structure and is slidably connected to the inner wall of the collection tube 35. The cleaning plate 37 is magnetically fixed to the inner wall of the top of the collection tube 35. Specifically, magnets can be provided at the edge of the upper surface of the cleaning plate 37, and the corresponding position on the inner wall of the top of the collection tube 35 can be made of iron to achieve magnetic fixation; A secondary telescopic device 315 is provided at the top of the sampling tube 31. A connector 316 is provided at the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device 315. The connector 316 is slidably connected to a through hole provided at the middle position of the inner wall of the positioning hole 313. The connector 316 is provided with an electromagnet, which is controlled by the intelligent control center when energized, and the top of the limit lug 353 is made of iron material; The inflation device 314 is located in the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device 315, and the air outlet end of the inflation device 314 communicates with the tubular connector 316. The telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device 315 is also a hollow tubular structure. The inflation device 314 is located in the hollow area. Air holes are provided on the side wall of the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device 315 above the position where the inflation device 314 is located, facilitating the pumping of external air flow and then guiding it downward into the cleaning chamber 371 through the air outlet end of the inflation device 314; The cleaning plate 37 is internally hollow to form a cleaning chamber 371. A communication hole 355 is provided at the top of the limit lug 353, and the communication hole 355 communicates with the cleaning chamber 371. Impact holes 372 are uniformly provided at the bottom edge of the cleaning plate 37, and the impact holes 372 communicate with the inside of the cleaning chamber 371; Specific working process: On the basis of the specific working process in the fourth embodiment, after the sampling operation is completed, the sampling tube 31 already filled with the soil sample to be measured slides horizontally out of the inside of the sampling tube 31 and moves to the separation section 362, while the sampling tube 31 at the frontmost position in the filling section 361 is inserted into the inside of the collection tube 35, preparing for the next sampling operation; During the above process, before the sampling tube 31 filled with the soil sample to be measured is detached, the secondary telescopic device 315 located at the top of the sampling tube 31 can be controlled to start, extend out from the middle through hole position of the positioning hole 313 and contact the top of the limit lug 353, and then the telescopic end continues to move downward to push the limit lug 353 downward, ensuring that the mutual embedding between the limit lug 353 and the positioning hole 313 that limits the collection tube 35 is smoothly released, so that the sampling tube 31 can be smoothly filled and replaced; Because there may still be soil samples remaining in the area below the collection tube 35 inside the sampling tube 31, which may easily affect the smooth progress of the next sampling operation. Therefore, when the collection tube 35 moves into the inside of the sampling tube 31 and the limit lug 353 on the collection tube 35 is inserted into the inside of the positioning hole 313; the secondary telescopic device 315 can be started again, so that the connector 316 on the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device 315 moves downward to contact the opening part of the communication hole 355 at the end of the limit lug 353, and the corresponding electromagnet on the connector 316 is started, so that magnetic attraction fixation is achieved between the connector 316 and the limit lug 353; Subsequently, the secondary telescopic device 315 continues to start moving downward, causing the limit bump 353 to move downward and drive the cleaning plate 37, releasing the magnetic attraction fixation between the cleaning plate 37 and the inner wall of the top of the collection pipe 35. The cleaning plate 37 continues to move downward and disengages from the collection pipe 35, entering the sampling pipe 31 downward, and pushing the residual soil sample inside the sampling pipe 31 downward until the cleaning plate 37 moves downward to the bottom pipe orifice position of the sampling pipe 31, ensuring that the residual soil sample at the bottom of the sampling pipe 31 is fully cleaned and ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent sampling operations; Furthermore, the inflation device 314 is started, so that the air flow enters the connector 316, and then enters the communication hole 355 on the limit bump 353 downward, and flows downward and fills the cleaning cavity 371 inside the cleaning plate 37; in this way, during the downward movement of the cleaning plate 37, the air flow flows out from the impact holes 372 at the bottom edge of the cleaning plate 37, and washes the soil adhered to the inner wall of the sampling pipe 31 downward along with the downward moving cleaning plate 37, so that the inner wall of the sampling pipe 31 is fully cleaned, avoiding the residual soil from mixing into the soil sample to be measured collected at another measurement point next time and affecting the accuracy of the detection result; Furthermore, after the sampling pipe 31 is lifted, when it is found that the soil sample collected inside the collection pipe 35 is too loose and has disintegrated and mixed, and does not meet the sampling standard, the secondary telescopic device 315 can also be directly started to drive the cleaning plate 37 to move downward to scrape the soil sample inside the collection pipe 35 and the residual soil in the lower sampling pipe 31; at the same time, the impact air flow released after the inflation device 314 is started flows into the cleaning plate 37 and then flows out from the impact holes 372, impacting the residual soil on the inner wall of the collection pipe 35, and the downward impact air flow flows downward in a spiral along the spiral distribution of the limit groove 354, so that the stagnation time of the air flow inside the collection pipe 35 increases, the flow path extends, and the contact range increases, so as to fully remove the residual soil sample inside the collection pipe 35. After re-sampling in this way, it is possible to avoid the situation that more residual soil samples are mixed into the newly collected samples and affect the accuracy of the detection result.

[0029] Embodiment Six: On the basis of Embodiment Five, a cleaning strip 373 is arranged inside the impact hole 372. The cleaning strip 373 is slidably connected to the impact hole 372, and an elastic member is connected between the end of the cleaning strip 373 and the end of the impact hole 372. The elastic member here can be an elastic rope; The limit bump 353 and the cleaning plate 37 are rotatably connected, and the elastic member used for the elastic connection between the limit bump 353 and the cleaning plate 37 is also an elastic rope. When the collection pipe 35 slides inside the replacement chute 36, the limit bump 353 is pushed downward by the inner wall of the top of the replacement chute 36, and the connected elastic rope is stretched. When the collection pipe 35 enters the sampling pipe 31, the elastic rope-connected limit bump 353 pulls it upward and embeds it into the positioning hole 313; The end of the cleaning strip 373 is made of elastic material, and the limiting groove 354 extends downward to the bottom opening position of the sampling tube 31; a cleaning hole 374 is arranged inside the cleaning strip 373, and the cleaning hole 374 penetrates through the cleaning strip 373 and extends to both ends of the cleaning strip 373.

[0030] Specific working process: Based on the specific working process in Embodiment 5, the impact hole 372 communicates with the cleaning cavity 371. After the inflation device 314 inflates the inside of the cleaning cavity 371, the air pressure inside the cleaning cavity 371 increases. While the air flow flows outward along the impact hole 372, it drives the cleaning strip 373 located in the impact hole 372 to slide outward. The end of the cleaning strip 373 extends out of the opening of the impact hole 372, and when the cleaning plate 37 moves down to clean the inner walls of the collection tube 35 and the sampling tube 31 in sequence; when the elastic end of the cleaning strip 373 contacts the inner wall, the end of the cleaning strip 373 slides to scrape off the soil impurities adhered to the inner wall, so that the soil adhered more tightly to the inner walls of the collection tube 35 and the sampling tube 31 also detaches under the scraping action of the cleaning strip 373; At the same time, part of the air flow in the impact hole 372 flows into the cleaning hole 374 in the middle position of the cleaning strip 373 and flows out from the opening at the end of the cleaning strip 373. When the cleaning strip 373 scrapes the adhered soil, the impact air flow flowing out from the end opening improves the cleaning effect on the adhered soil, and also makes the soil adhered to the end of the cleaning strip 373 fall off due to the impact; When the cleaning plate 37 moves to the position of the serrated cutting teeth 311 at the bottom of the sampling tube 31, the end of the cleaning strip 373 can be embedded into the gap between the cutting teeth 311, and due to the guiding effect of the cleaning strip 373 on the air flow flowing inside the impact hole 372, as the end of the cleaning strip 373 impacts the gap between the cutting teeth 311, the soil adhered to the gap between the cutting teeth 311 is accelerated to fall off; As the cleaning plate 37 moves down, the cleaning strip 373 protruding from the edge part contacts the spiral limiting groove 354, and under the guidance of the limiting groove 354, it drives the cleaning plate 37 to have a tendency to rotate relative to the limiting protrusions 353. The rotating cleaning plate 37 drives the cleaning strip 373 to scrape the soil adhered to the inner wall of the limiting groove 354 horizontally, accelerating its falling; and the rotation of the cleaning plate 37 and the limiting protrusions 353 stretches the connected elastic rope. When the length of the elastic rope increases to a certain limit and can overcome the cleaning plate 37, the elastic rope pulls the cleaning plate 37 to rotate reversely and reset; thus, during the downward movement of the cleaning plate 37, the above rotation and reset processes are repeated, so that the inner walls of the collection tube 35 and the sampling tube 31 are cleaned repeatedly, ensuring the smooth progress of subsequent sampling operations.

[0031] After the cleaning operation is completed, the inflation device 314 stops starting, and the impact of the airflow on the cleaning strip 373 disappears. Therefore, the cleaning strip 373 resets under the action of the connected elastic member. At the same time, the cleaning plate 37 moves upward and resets, and is magnetically fixed again to the top position of the inner wall of the sampling tube 31, enabling the subsequent sampling operation to proceed smoothly.

[0032] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil, comprising an atomic absorption spectrometer and an automatic collection device, wherein the automatic collection device comprises a mobile body, a collection body and an intelligent control center, and is characterized in that: The collection body includes an installation box, which is arranged at the bottom of the mobile body. An installation cavity is arranged inside the installation box. A plurality of sampling components are evenly arranged inside the installation cavity. The atomic absorption spectrometer is used to perform spectral analysis on the soil samples collected by the sampling components to calculate the heavy metal concentration of the target land. The sampling assembly includes a sampling tube, a rotating device is provided on the telescopic end of the first-level telescopic device at the top of the installation cavity, the rotating device is connected to the sampling tube, and a detection port is provided at the position corresponding to the sampling tube at the bottom of the installation cavity; The bottom opening of the sampling tube is provided with sawtooth-shaped cutting teeth, a collecting tube is slidably embedded in the sampling tube, and sampling holes are evenly arranged on the outer surface of the side wall of the collecting tube.

2. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 1 is characterized by: A crawler-type walking mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the mobile body, a safety sensor is arranged on the side wall of the mobile body, and a detection camera is arranged on the top.

3. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 1 is characterized by: The sampling assembly also includes a replacement chute, which is located inside the installation cavity; the replacement chute includes a filling section and a separation section, which are distributed along the same straight line, and the sampling tube is located between the filling section and the separation section; Replacement grooves are provided at the positions corresponding to the filling section and the separation section on both sides of the sampling tube, and the replacement grooves coincide with the openings of the filling section and the separation section; The inner wall of the filling section is provided with a propulsion device, which is used to push the collecting pipe to slide along the inner wall of the filling section; the end of the inner wall of the separation section is provided with a limiting device, which is used to limit the sliding distance of the collecting pipe.

4. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 3 is characterized by: Both sides of the outer surface of the collecting tube are convex, and the surface of the convex part is an arc-shaped structure.

5. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 3 is characterized by: A mounting hole is provided at the top of the collecting tube, a limiting protrusion is slidably provided inside the mounting hole, the limiting protrusion is elastically connected to the inner wall of the mounting hole, and the top of the limiting protrusion is conical; A positioning hole is provided at a position corresponding to the limiting protrusion on the lower surface of the top of the sampling tube, and the inner surface of the positioning hole is conical; the mounting hole penetrates downward into the interior of the sampling tube, and a spiral limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the collecting tube; an inflation device is provided on the top of the sampling tube, and the air outlet end of the inflation device is connected to the interior of the sampling tube through the positioning hole.

6. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 5 is characterized by: A cleaning plate is arranged at the bottom of the limiting protrusion. The cleaning plate is a circular plate structure, and the cleaning plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the collecting tube. The upper surface of the cleaning plate and the inner wall of the top of the collecting tube are fixed by magnetic attraction.

7. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 6 is characterized by: A secondary telescopic device is arranged at the top of the sampling tube, and a connecting head is arranged at the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device. The connecting head is slidably connected to a through hole arranged at the middle position of the inner wall of the positioning hole. The connecting head is provided with an electromagnet, and the top of the limiting protrusion is made of iron material.

8. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 7 is characterized by: The inflatable device is located in the telescopic end of the secondary telescopic device, and the air outlet end of the inflatable device is communicated with the connector of the tubular structure; The cleaning plate is hollow inside to form a cleaning cavity, a connecting hole is arranged on the top of the limiting protrusion, the connecting hole is communicated with the cleaning cavity, and impact holes are evenly arranged on the bottom edge of the cleaning plate, the impact holes are communicated with the inside of the cleaning cavity.

9. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cleaning strip is arranged inside the impact hole, the cleaning strip is slidably connected with the impact hole, and the end of the cleaning strip is connected with the end of the impact hole through an elastic member.

10. The automatic detection device for heavy metal content in contaminated soil according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting protrusion is rotatably connected to the cleaning plate, and the end of the cleaning strip is made of elastic material, and the limiting groove extends downward to the bottom opening of the sampling tube; A cleaning hole is arranged inside the cleaning strip, and the cleaning hole penetrates the cleaning strip and extends to the ends of both sides of the cleaning strip.

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