Ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for turbine blade after casting processing

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for turbine blades after casting processing, and relates to the technical field of turbine blade detection, a moving assembly can drive a detection assembly to perform omni-directional moving detection, and an ultrasonic testing head and a synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head in the detection assembly are controlled by a controller. The frequency is synchronously changed according to blade thickness feedback data, deep defects of thick blades are detected through low frequency, small defects of thin blades are detected through high frequency, a vibration assembly drives an external cylinder to vibrate and knock the blades through an ultrasonic transmitting head, actual stress is simulated, dynamic detection is achieved, and the knocking force is changed along with the thickness of a detected part. The spraying auxiliary assembly can automatically adjust the spraying amount of a coupling agent according to the thickness of the blade, the good acoustic coupling effect is guaranteed, the adjusting assembly drives a component to move through vibration, the distance between the detection head and the blade is automatically adjusted according to the ultrasonic frequency, and the detection effect is improved. And the detection accuracy, comprehensiveness and reliability are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine blade detection, and particularly to an ultrasonic non-destructive detection device for steam turbine blades after casting and processing. Background Art

[0002] As a core power device for realizing the conversion of thermal energy and mechanical energy in the modern industrial field, the quality of the blades of a steam turbine is directly related to the stability and efficiency of the equipment operation. During the manufacturing process of steam turbine blades, although the casting process can meet the requirements of forming complex structures, due to factors such as material properties and fluctuations in casting process parameters, defects such as pores, cracks, and porosity are likely to occur inside the blades. These defects will significantly reduce the strength and service life of the blades, and even cause major safety accidents. Therefore, high-precision non-destructive detection of steam turbine blades after casting and processing has become a key link to ensure the reliable operation of steam turbines.

[0003] At present, ultrasonic non-destructive detection technology has been widely used in the field of steam turbine blade detection due to its advantages such as strong penetration ability, high detection sensitivity, and harmlessness to the human body. However, there are still deficiencies in existing ultrasonic non-destructive detection devices. Steam turbine blades with different thicknesses have different ultrasonic frequency responses. Existing devices cannot automatically adjust ultrasonic detection parameters according to the blade thickness. When detecting thick blades, although low-frequency ultrasonic waves have strong penetration ability, their resolution is low, and it is easy to miss small defects. When detecting thin blades, although high-frequency ultrasonic waves have high resolution, they attenuate quickly, and it is difficult to detect deep defects in the blades, greatly reducing the detection accuracy and reliability. In addition, during the ultrasonic detection process, the application quality of the coupling agent has a significant impact on the detection result. Traditional devices mostly use manual application or fixed-flow spraying of the coupling agent, and cannot automatically adjust the application thickness of the coupling agent according to the change in blade thickness, resulting in poor coupling effect, affecting the ultrasonic propagation efficiency and detection accuracy. Moreover, existing detection devices mainly focus on static detection and are difficult to simulate the stress conditions of the blades under actual working conditions. Some potential defects generated under dynamic stress cannot be effectively detected, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive detection device for steam turbine blades after casting and processing to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive detection device for steam turbine blades after casting and processing, which solves the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: An ultrasonic non-destructive testing device after the casting and processing of a steam turbine blade, including a bottom plate, a moving component is arranged on the top of the bottom plate, a controller is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate, a detection component is arranged at the bottom of the moving component, a spraying auxiliary component is arranged inside the detection component, a vibration component and an adjustment component are arranged inside the spraying auxiliary component. The detection component includes an ultrasonic detection head and a central block. A bottom ring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central block. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the top of the ultrasonic detection head. The connecting rod is movably inserted into the central block. The vibration component includes a synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head. The synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head is fixedly installed on the top of the central block. A converging cylinder is fixedly installed on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head. A vibration plate is slidably connected inside the converging cylinder. A second spring is fixedly installed between the vibration plate and the inner wall of the converging cylinder. A vibration rod is fixedly installed on the outside of the vibration plate. The vibration rod movably penetrates the end face of the converging cylinder. A first rack is fixedly installed at the outer end of the vibration rod. The spraying auxiliary component includes an outer cylinder. The outer cylinder is slidably connected to the outside of the central block.

[0007] Preferably: Two first support plates are fixedly installed on the top of the central block. A rotating rod is rotatably connected between the first support plates. Two first gears are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating rod. A second support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the central block. A second gear is rotatably connected to the side of the second support plate. A second rack is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the outer cylinder. The second rack meshes with the second gear. The second gear meshes with the first gear at the back. The first rack meshes with the first gear in front. The controller is electrically connected to both the ultrasonic detection head and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head.

[0008] Preferably: The detection component includes a top plate. A connecting plate is fixedly installed on the outside of the top plate. An outer block is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the connecting plates. The outer cylinder is slidably connected to the inside of the outer block. An inner block is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the outer cylinder. A communication groove is opened inside the inner block. A connecting block is slidably connected inside the communication groove. A back block is fixedly installed on the back of the outer block. The outside of the connecting block is fixedly installed inside the back block. The inside of the connecting block is fixedly installed on the outside of the central block.

[0009] Preferably, the moving component includes a second electric slide rail fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate. A first electric slide rail is arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails. An electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first electric slide rail. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly installed with a first motor. The output end of the first motor is fixedly installed with a rotating disc. A middle block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating disc. A side plate is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate. The middle block is rotatably connected to the inner side of the side plate. A second motor is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side plate. The output end of the second motor movably penetrates through the inside of the side plate and is fixedly connected to the middle block.

[0010] Preferably, a vertical rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate. A first piston plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical rod. The first piston plate is slidably connected inside an external cylinder. A one-way nozzle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the external cylinder. The communication direction of the one-way nozzle is from the inside of the external cylinder to the outside. A first one-way valve is fixedly installed on the outer side of the external cylinder. A liquid inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the outer side of the first one-way valve. The first one-way valve is located below the first piston plate. The communication direction of the first one-way valve is from the liquid inlet pipe to the inside of the external cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, a cross plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the external cylinder. A first spring is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross plate. The bottom of the first spring is fixedly installed on the top of an external block.

[0012] Preferably, an internal groove is formed inside the central block. A third piston plate is slidably connected inside the internal groove. The top of the connecting rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third piston plate. A third spring is fixedly installed between the top of the third piston plate and the inner top of the internal groove.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting component includes an air cylinder fixedly installed above the central block. A second piston plate is slidably connected inside the air cylinder. A moving rod is fixedly installed between the right side of the second piston plate and the left side of the first rack. An air inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the left side of the air cylinder. A connecting pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the air cylinder. The connecting pipe communicates the air cylinder and the inside of the internal groove. The air inlet pipe communicates the air cylinder with the outside.

[0014] Preferably, a third one-way valve is fixedly installed at the connection between the air inlet pipe and the air cylinder. A second one-way valve is fixedly installed at the connection between the connecting pipe and the air cylinder. The communication direction of the second one-way valve is from the inside of the air cylinder to the inside of the connecting pipe. The communication direction of the third one-way valve is from the inside of the air inlet pipe to the inside of the air cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, an exhaust hole is formed inside the central block. The exhaust hole communicates the internal groove with the outside. A baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom right side of the third piston plate. The baffle is located inside the connection between the exhaust hole and the internal groove.

[0016] Beneficial effects The present invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for a steam turbine blade after casting and machining. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects: 1. For the ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for a steam turbine blade after casting and machining, the ultrasonic detection head of the device can have the same frequency as the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head and synchronously change under the control of the controller. According to the feedback data of the blade thickness, the ultrasonic frequency is automatically adjusted. For thicker blades, low-frequency ultrasonic waves are used to fully utilize their penetration ability to detect internal deep defects; for thinner blades, high-frequency ultrasonic waves are used to discover tiny defects by virtue of their high resolution, significantly improving the detection accuracy and reliability.

[0017] 2. For the ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for a steam turbine blade after casting and machining, the ultrasonic waves emitted by the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head act on the vibrating plate through the converging cylinder, driving the outer cylinder to vibrate up and down, realizing rapid knocking on the blade, simulating the stress condition of the blade under the actual working state, effectively detecting potential defects that are difficult to find in the static state of the blade, improving the comprehensiveness of detection, and changing the knocking force according to the thickness of the detection part to ensure a better dynamic simulation effect.

[0018] 3. For the ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for a steam turbine blade after casting and machining, during the up and down movement of the outer cylinder, through the cooperation of components such as the first piston plate, one-way nozzle, and first one-way valve, the spraying amount of the coupling agent is automatically adjusted according to the blade thickness. When detecting thick blades, the moving distance of the outer cylinder is large, and the coupling agent is applied thickly, reducing air interference and compensating for energy loss; when detecting thin blades, the coupling agent is applied thinly, avoiding signal distortion, improving the detection resolution, and ensuring a good acoustic coupling effect.

[0019] 4. For the ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for a steam turbine blade after casting and machining, the adjusting component drives the second piston plate to move by using the vibration of the vibrating plate, and automatically adjusts the distance between the ultrasonic detection head and the blade according to the change of the ultrasonic frequency. When detecting thick blades, the detection head is at a farther distance, enabling the ultrasonic waves to be better focused and diffused; when detecting thin blades, the detection head is at a closer distance, ensuring that a reflected signal with sufficient intensity is received, reducing propagation attenuation, and further improving the detection effect. Description of the drawings

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0021] Figure 1is a three-dimensional external structure view of the present invention; Figure 2 is a three-dimensional partial structure view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a three-dimensional external structure view of the detection component and the spraying auxiliary component of the present invention Figure 4 is a three-dimensional bottom structure view of the detection component and the spraying auxiliary component of the present invention; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional back structure view of the detection component and the spraying auxiliary component of the present invention; Figure 6 is a three-dimensional internal sectional structure view of the detection component and the spraying auxiliary component of the present invention; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional internal structure view of the present invention; Figure 8 is of the present invention Figure 7 enlarged view of the structure at A in; Figure 9 is a three-dimensional internal structure view of the vibration component and the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1, bottom plate; 2, moving component; 21, first electric slide rail; 22, second electric slide rail; 23, electric push rod; 24, first motor; 25, rotating disk; 26, intermediate block; 27, side plate; 28, second motor; 3, detection component; 31, top plate; 32, external block; 33, connecting plate; 34, ultrasonic detection head; 35, back block; 36, internal block; 37, communication groove; 38, connecting block; 39, center block; 310, bottom ring; 311, connecting rod; 4, spraying auxiliary component; 41, external cylinder; 42, cross plate; 43, first spring; 44, one-way nozzle; 45, first piston plate; 46, vertical rod; 47, first one-way valve; 48, liquid inlet pipe; 5, vibration component; 51, synchronous ultrasonic transmitter; 52, converging cylinder; 53, vibration rod; 54, first rack; 55, first gear; 56, rotating rod; 57, first support plate; 58, second gear; 59, second support plate; 510, second rack; 511, vibration plate; 512, second spring; 6, adjustment component; 61, air cylinder; 62, second piston plate; 63, moving rod; 64, air inlet pipe; 65, communication pipe; 66, second one-way valve; 67, third one-way valve; 68, internal groove; 69, third piston plate; 610, third spring; 611, baffle; 612, exhaust hole; 7, controller. Detailed implementation manners

[0023] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "front, back", "left, right", "up, down", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present application. The terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0024] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 , an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device after casting and processing of a steam turbine blade is provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a bottom plate 1. A moving component 2 is arranged on the top of the bottom plate 1. A controller 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate 1. A detection component 3 is arranged at the bottom of the moving component 2. A spraying auxiliary component 4 is arranged inside the detection component 3. A vibration component 5 and an adjustment component 6 are arranged inside the spraying auxiliary component 4. The detection component 3 includes an ultrasonic detection head 34 and a central block 39. A bottom ring 310 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the central block 39. A connecting rod 311 is fixedly installed at the top of the ultrasonic detection head 34. The connecting rod 311 is movably inserted into the central block 39. The vibration component 5 includes a synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51. The synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51 is fixedly installed on the top of the central block 39. A converging cylinder 52 is fixedly installed on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51. A vibration plate 511 is slidably connected inside the converging cylinder 52. A second spring 512 is fixedly installed between the vibration plate 511 and the inner wall of the converging cylinder 52. A vibration rod 53 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the vibration plate 511. The vibration rod 53 movably penetrates through the end face of the converging cylinder 52. A first rack 54 is fixedly installed at the outer end of the vibration rod 53. The spraying auxiliary component 4 includes an outer cylinder 41. The outer cylinder 41 is slidably connected to the outside of the central block 39. Two first support plates 57 are fixedly installed on the top of the central block 39. A rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected between the first support plates 57. Two first gears 55 are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating rod 56. A second support plate 59 is fixedly installed on the top of the central block 39. A second gear 58 is rotatably connected to the side of the second support plate 59. A second rack 510 is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the outer cylinder 41. The second rack 510 meshes with the second gear 58. The second gear 58 meshes with the rear first gear 55. The first rack 54 meshes with the front first gear 55. The controller 7 is electrically connected to both the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51.

[0026] The detection component 3 includes a top plate 31. A connecting plate 33 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top plate 31. An outer block 32 is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the connecting plates 33. An outer cylinder 41 is slidably connected to the inner side of the outer block 32. An inner block 36 is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the outer cylinder 41. A communication groove 37 is opened inside the inner block 36. A connecting block 38 is slidably connected to the inside of the communication groove 37. A back block 35 is fixedly installed on the back of the outer block 32. The outer side of the connecting block 38 is fixedly installed inside the back block 35. The inner side of the connecting block 38 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the central block 39. The moving component 2 includes a second electric slide rail 22. The second electric slide rail 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate 1. A first electric slide rail 21 is arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails 22. An electric push rod 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first electric slide rail 21. The output end of the electric push rod 23 is fixedly installed with a first motor 24. The output end of the first motor 24 is fixedly installed with a rotating disk 25. The bottom of the rotating disk 25 is fixedly installed with an intermediate block 26. A side plate 27 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 31. The intermediate block 26 is rotatably connected to the inside of the side plate 27. A second motor 28 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side plate 27. The output end of the second motor 28 movably penetrates through the inside of the side plate 27 and is fixedly connected to the intermediate block 26.

[0027] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can be driven to move left and right by the first electric slide rail 21, driven to move back and forth by the second electric slide rail 22, driven to move up and down by the electric push rod 23, and driven to rotate in the horizontal and vertical directions by the first motor 24 and the second motor 28. Thus, it can be ensured that the ultrasonic detection head 34 can move at various angles and positions, ensuring that the ultrasonic detection head 34 can move along the surface of the steam turbine blade to perform ultrasonic non-destructive testing on the steam turbine blade; During detection, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can have the same frequency as the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 and can be synchronously changed under the control of the controller 7. While detecting damage, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can measure the thickness of the blade at this position. The detected data is fed back to the controller 7, and the controller 7 adjusts the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51. For thicker parts, the overall frequency is reduced, and for thinner parts, the frequency is increased. High-frequency ultrasonic waves have the characteristics of short wavelength and high resolution, and can more clearly detect tiny defects in thin blades. When low-frequency ultrasonic waves propagate in thick materials, the attenuation is relatively small and can penetrate a larger thickness, so as to detect defects deep inside the blade. Through the above method, it is ensured that defects in different parts of the blade with different thicknesses can be better detected; The ultrasonic waves emitted by the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 act on the vibrating plate 511 through the converging cylinder 52, and the second spring 512 behind the vibrating plate 511 ensures that the vibrating plate 511 vibrates rapidly back and forth. The reciprocating vibration of the vibrating plate 511 drives the first rack 54 to move left and right reciprocally through the vibrating rod 53, thereby driving the first gear 55 to rotate reciprocally and driving the second gear 58 to rotate reciprocally. The reciprocating rotation of the second gear 58 can drive the second rack 510 to rotate reciprocally. Driving the large gear through the small gear can amplify the vibration force on the second rack 510, so that the external cylinder 41 can be driven to vibrate up and down by the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51. And during vibration, the wavelength of the low-frequency sound wave is longer. According to the wave theory, when it propagates in a medium, the pressure change per unit area is relatively slow, so a larger sound pressure can be generated, and thus a larger force can be generated. While the wavelength of the high-frequency sound wave is shorter, the pressure change per unit area is faster, the sound pressure is relatively small, and the generated force is also relatively small. When the ultrasonic frequency decreases, the upward force on the vibrating plate 511 becomes larger, and vice versa, the vibration force becomes smaller, so that when the frequency decreases, the distance that the external cylinder 41 moves up and down becomes larger, and when the frequency increases, the distance that the external cylinder 41 moves up and down becomes smaller; when the external cylinder 41 vibrates up and down reciprocally, the bottom of the external cylinder 41 can quickly strike the blade to be detected below, and according to the change of the ultrasonic frequency, the moving distance of the external cylinder 41 is different. Therefore, the knocking force is larger when detecting a thicker part, and the knocking force is smaller when detecting a thinner part. By quickly knocking the blade during detection, the dynamic detection of the blade can be carried out during detection, so that problems that are not easily found under static conditions of the blade can be detected, making the detection more subtle.

[0028] Refer to Figures 1 to 9 , in one aspect of this embodiment, a vertical rod 46 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate 31, a first piston plate 45 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical rod 46, the first piston plate 45 is slidably connected inside the external cylinder 41, a one-way nozzle 44 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the external cylinder 41, the communication direction of the one-way nozzle 44 is from the inside of the external cylinder 41 to the outside world, a first one-way valve 47 is fixedly installed on the outside of the external cylinder 41, a liquid inlet pipe 48 is fixedly installed on the outside of the first one-way valve 47, the first one-way valve 47 is located below the first piston plate 45, and the communication direction of the first one-way valve 47 is from the liquid inlet pipe 48 to the inside of the external cylinder 41. A cross plate 42 is fixedly installed on the outside of the external cylinder 41, a first spring 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the cross plate 42, and the bottom of the first spring 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the external block 32.

[0029] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 48 is connected to an external coupling agent storage tank and moves up and down with the external cylinder 41. When the first piston plate 45 moves upward, the coupling agent inside the external cylinder 41 will be squeezed, so that the coupling agent is sprayed onto the blade through the one-way nozzle 44. When moving downward, the coupling agent can be absorbed and replenished into the internal part of the external cylinder 41 through the first one-way valve 47 and the liquid inlet pipe 48. Through the multiple one-way nozzles 44 at the bottom, it is ensured that when moving for detection, the coupling agent can be sprayed on the ultrasonic detection head 34 to ensure the normal working effect of the ultrasonic detection head 34. And when adjusting the frequency according to the blade thickness, the moving distance of the external cylinder 41 changes accordingly. Therefore, when detecting a thicker part, the up and down moving distance of the external cylinder 41 is larger, and the amount of coupling agent sprayed each time is more, so the thickness of the applied coupling agent is thicker. On the contrary, when detecting a thinner part, the thickness of the applied coupling agent is thinner. For thick blades, applying a thicker coupling agent can fully fill the gap between the probe and the blade surface, effectively reduce the reflection and scattering of ultrasonic waves by air, ensure a good acoustic coupling effect, compensate for the energy loss during the propagation of ultrasonic waves, and extend its propagation distance. While for thinner blades, applying a thinner coupling agent can avoid additional interference of the coupling agent on the ultrasonic signal, prevent signal distortion, improve the detection resolution, automatically adjust the thickness of the coupling agent according to the change of the blade thickness, so as to ensure a better detection effect.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1 to 9 , in one aspect of this embodiment, an internal groove 68 is formed inside the central block 39. A third piston plate 69 is slidably connected inside the internal groove 68. The top of the connecting rod 311 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the third piston plate 69. A third spring 610 is fixedly installed between the top of the third piston plate 69 and the inner top of the internal groove 68.

[0031] The adjusting assembly 6 includes an air cylinder 61. The air cylinder 61 is fixedly installed above the central block 39. A second piston plate 62 is slidably connected inside the air cylinder 61. A moving rod 63 is fixedly installed between the right side of the second piston plate 62 and the left side of the first rack 54. An air inlet pipe 64 is fixedly installed on the left side of the air cylinder 61. A communicating pipe 65 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the air cylinder 61. The communicating pipe 65 communicates the inside of the air cylinder 61 and the inside of the internal groove 68. The air inlet pipe 64 communicates the air cylinder 61 with the outside. A third one-way valve 67 is fixedly installed at the connection between the air inlet pipe 64 and the air cylinder 61. A second one-way valve 66 is fixedly installed at the connection between the communicating pipe 65 and the air cylinder 61. The communicating direction of the second one-way valve 66 is from the inside of the air cylinder 61 to the inside of the communicating pipe 65. The communicating direction of the third one-way valve 67 is from the inside of the air inlet pipe 64 to the inside of the air cylinder 61. An exhaust hole 612 is formed inside the central block 39. The exhaust hole 612 communicates the internal groove 68 with the outside. A baffle 611 is fixedly installed at the bottom right side of the third piston plate 69. The baffle 611 is located inside the connection between the exhaust hole 612 and the internal groove 68.

[0032] In this embodiment, when the vibrating plate 511 reciprocates, the moving rod 63 reciprocates with the first rack 54, thereby driving the second piston plate 62 to reciprocate. By the reciprocating movement of the second piston plate 62 and the cooperation of the second one-way valve 66 and the third one-way valve 67, air can be inhaled through the air inlet pipe 64 and discharged into the internal groove 68. When the frequency decreases according to the frequency change, the force received by the vibrating plate 511 is greater. Therefore, the reciprocating movement distance of the second piston plate 62 is longer. As a result, the number of gas injected into the internal groove 68 per unit time is more. The increase in the air pressure inside the internal groove 68 can push the third piston plate 69 upward, thereby driving the ultrasonic detection head 34 upward. After moving upward, the baffle 611 also moves upward, and the number of positions where the exhaust hole 612 communicates with the inside of the internal groove 68 increases. Therefore, the amount of gas discharged through the exhaust hole 612 increases until the intake air volume and the exhaust air volume are balanced, and the positions of the third piston plate 69 and the ultrasonic detection head 34 no longer change. And when the frequency is lower, the intake air volume is larger, and the larger the size required for the exhaust hole 612 to communicate with the internal groove 68 at equilibrium. Therefore, when maintaining equilibrium, the upward movement distance of the third piston plate 69 is larger. Therefore, it can be realized that the lower the frequency, the larger the intake air volume, and the larger the upward movement distance of the ultrasonic detection head 34. On the contrary, the higher the frequency, the smaller the upward movement distance of the ultrasonic detection head 34. Therefore, it can be realized that when detecting a thicker part, the distance between the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the blade is relatively far, and when detecting a thinner position, the distance between the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the blade is relatively close. A thick blade requires sufficient energy of ultrasonic waves to penetrate, and a larger distance can allow the ultrasonic waves to be better focused and diffused during propagation, reducing beam distortion and improving the accuracy of detection. The reflection and scattering of ultrasonic waves by a thin blade are relatively weak. A closer probe distance can ensure that a reflected signal with sufficient intensity is received, and at the same time, it can also reduce the attenuation of ultrasonic waves during propagation in the air, thereby improving the detection effect.

[0033] The controller 7 can be selected from the Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, which has rich communication interfaces and powerful logic control capabilities; the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 can be selected from the V312-RM model of Panametrics-NDT company. This model has high sensitivity and wideband characteristics and is suitable for the detection of various materials. The controller 7 outputs a specific voltage signal through the analog output module, which is amplified by the power amplifier and acts on the voltage-controlled oscillator built in the ultrasonic head to achieve frequency adjustment. At the same time, the controller 7 establishes a connection with the two ultrasonic heads through a high-speed communication bus (such as RS-485), sends frequency commands in real time, and receives the frequency status signals fed back by the ultrasonic heads, and ensures that the frequencies of the two are the same in real time and synchronously adjusted through the closed-loop control algorithm.

[0034] The specific process of adjusting the frequencies of the two according to the thickness detected by the ultrasonic probe 34 is as follows: When the ultrasonic probe 34 detects the blade thickness information, it feeds back this information to the Siemens S7-1200 series PLC controller. Based on the preset correspondence between thickness and frequency, the controller 7 outputs a corresponding voltage signal through the analog output module. After being amplified by the power amplifier, it acts on the voltage-controlled oscillators built in the ultrasonic probe 34 of model V312-RM from Panametrics-NDT and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51, thereby adjusting their frequencies. For example, when a thicker part is detected, the controller 7 reduces the output voltage to lower the frequency of the ultrasonic probe; when a thinner part is detected, the controller 7 increases the output voltage to raise the frequency of the ultrasonic probe. At the same time, the controller 7 establishes a connection with the two ultrasonic probes through a high-speed communication bus (such as RS-485), sends frequency commands in real time, and receives the frequency status signals fed back by the ultrasonic probes. Through a closed-loop control algorithm, it ensures that the frequencies of the two are the same in real time and are synchronously adjusted to meet the detection requirements of blades with different thicknesses and improve the detection effect.

[0035] Meanwhile, the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the well-known prior art in the art.

[0036] Working principle: This patent realizes the position and angle adjustment of the ultrasonic probe 34 through the coordinated action of the first electric slide rail 21, the second electric slide rail 22, the electric push rod 23, the first motor 24 and the second motor 28, enabling it to move along the surface of the steam turbine blade for detection; during detection, the controller 7 synchronously adjusts the frequencies of it and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 according to the blade thickness data fed back by the ultrasonic probe 34. It detects deep defects at low frequencies at thick parts and tiny defects at high frequencies at thin parts; the vibration of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 drives the external cylinder 41 to vibrate up and down and strike the blade through a series of transmission structures such as the converging cylinder 52 and the vibration plate 511 to achieve dynamic detection, and the frequency change will change the vibration distance and knocking force of the external cylinder 41; at the same time, the up and down movement of the external cylinder 41 cooperates with structures such as the first piston plate 45 and the one-way spray head 44 to realize the automatic spraying and replenishment of the coupling agent, and its spraying thickness changes with the blade thickness and frequency; in addition, the vibration of the vibration plate 511 causes the air pressure in the internal groove 68 to change through components such as the moving rod 63 and the second piston plate 62, pushing the third piston plate 69 to drive the ultrasonic probe 34 to move, realizing the automatic adjustment of the distance between the probe and the blade with the frequency and blade thickness to ensure the overall detection effect.

[0037] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or further includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A moving component (2) is arranged on the top of the bottom plate (1), a controller (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (1), a detection component (3) is arranged on the bottom of the moving component (2), a spraying auxiliary component (4) is arranged on the inner side of the detection component (3), a vibration component (5) and an adjustment component (6) are arranged on the inner side of the spraying auxiliary component (4), the detection component (3) comprises an ultrasonic detection head (34) and a center block (39), a bottom ring (310) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the center block (39), a connecting rod (311) is fixedly mounted on the top of the ultrasonic detection head (34), the connecting rod (311) is movably plugged into the center block (39), and the vibration component (5) comprises a synchronous ultrasonic generator (34). The synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head (51) is fixedly mounted on the top of the central block (39); a gathering tube (52) is fixedly mounted on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head (51); a vibration plate (511) is slidably connected to the inside of the gathering tube (52); a second spring (512) is fixedly mounted between the vibration plate (511) and the inner wall of the gathering tube (52); a vibration rod (53) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vibration plate (511); the vibration rod (53) movably penetrates the end surface of the gathering tube (52); a first rack (54) is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the vibration rod (53); and the spraying auxiliary component (4) comprises an outer tube (41); and the outer tube (41) is slidably connected to the outside of the central block (39).

2. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first support plates (57) are fixedly mounted on the top of the central block (39), a rotating rod (56) is rotatably connected between the first support plates (57), two first gears (55) are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the rotating rod (56), a second support plate (59) is fixedly mounted on the top of the central block (39), a second gear (58) is rotatably connected to the side of the second support plate (59), a second rack (510) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom of the outer tube (41), the second rack (510) and the second gear (58) are meshed with each other, the second gear (58) and the first gear (55) at the back are meshed with each other, the first rack (54) and the first gear (55) at the front are meshed with each other, and the controller (7) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic detection head (34) and the synchronous ultrasonic transmission head (51).

3. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly (3) comprises a top plate (31), a connecting plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the top plate (31), an external block (32) is fixedly mounted between the bottoms of the connecting plates (33), the external cylinder (41) is slidably connected to the inner side of the external block (32), an internal block (36) is fixedly mounted inside the side wall of the external cylinder (41), a connecting groove (37) is provided inside the internal block (36), a connecting block (38) is slidably connected inside the connecting groove (37), a back block (35) is fixedly mounted on the back of the external block (32), the outer side of the connecting block (38) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the back block (35), and the inner side of the connecting block (38) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the center block (39).

4. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The moving assembly (2) comprises a second electric slide rail (22), the second electric slide rail (22) being fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (1), a first electric slide rail (21) being arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails (22), an electric push rod (23) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first electric slide rail (21), a first motor (24) being fixedly mounted on the output end of the electric push rod (23), a rotating disk (25) being fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor (24), an intermediate block (26) being fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating disk (25), a side plate (27) being fixedly mounted on the top of the top plate (31), the intermediate block (26) being rotatably connected to the inner side of the side plate (27), a second motor (28) being fixedly mounted on the outer side of the side plate (27), and an output end of the second motor (28) being movably penetrated through the inside of the side plate (27) and fixedly connected to the intermediate block (26).

5. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vertical rod (46) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate (31), a first piston plate (45) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vertical rod (46), the first piston plate (45) is slidably connected to the inside of the external cylinder (41), a one-way nozzle (44) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the external cylinder (41), the communication direction of the one-way nozzle (44) is from the inside of the external cylinder (41) to the outside, a first one-way valve (47) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the external cylinder (41), a liquid inlet pipe (48) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first one-way valve (47), the first one-way valve (47) is located below the first piston plate (45), the communication direction of the first one-way valve (47) is from the liquid inlet pipe (48) to the inside of the external cylinder (41).

6. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 5, characterized in that: A transverse plate (42) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the external cylinder (41), a first spring (43) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the transverse plate (42), and the bottom of the first spring (43) is fixedly mounted on the top of the external block (32).

7. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal groove (68) is provided inside the center block (39), and a third piston plate (69) is slidably connected inside the internal groove (68). The top of the connecting rod (311) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the third piston plate (69), and a third spring (610) is fixedly mounted between the top of the third piston plate (69) and the inner top of the internal groove (68).

8. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: The regulating assembly (6) comprises an air cylinder (61), wherein the air cylinder (61) is fixedly mounted above the center block (39), and a second piston plate (62) is slidably connected inside the air cylinder (61), so that a moving rod (63) is fixedly mounted between the right side of the second piston plate (62) and the left side of the first rack (54), and an air intake pipe (64) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the air cylinder (61), and a connecting pipe (65) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the air cylinder (61), wherein the connecting pipe (65) connects the air cylinder (61) and the inside of the internal groove (68), and the air intake pipe (64) connects the air cylinder (61) with the outside.

9. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 8, characterized in that: A third one-way valve (67) is fixedly installed at the connection point between the air intake pipe (64) and the air cylinder (61), and a second one-way valve (66) is fixedly installed at the connection point between the connecting pipe (65) and the air cylinder (61). The connection direction of the second one-way valve (66) is from the inside of the air cylinder (61) to the inside of the connecting pipe (65), and the connection direction of the third one-way valve (67) is from the inside of the air intake pipe (64) to the inside of the air cylinder (61).

10. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 9, characterized in that: An exhaust hole (612) is provided inside the central block (39), and the exhaust hole (612) is connected to the internal groove (68) and the outside. A baffle (611) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the right side of the third piston plate (69), and the baffle (611) is located on the inner side of the connection between the exhaust hole (612) and the internal groove (68).

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