An ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, which relates to the technical field of steam turbine blade testing. The moving component can drive the testing component to move in all directions for testing. The ultrasonic testing head and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head in the testing component change the frequency synchronously according to the blade thickness feedback data under the control of the controller. The thick blades use low frequency to detect deep defects, and the thin blades use high frequency to detect tiny defects. The vibration component drives the external tube to vibrate and knock the blades through the ultrasonic transmitting head to simulate actual force to achieve dynamic testing, and the knocking force changes with the thickness of the testing part. The spraying auxiliary component can automatically adjust the amount of coupling agent sprayed according to the blade thickness to ensure a good acoustic coupling effect. The adjustment component uses vibration to drive the components to move, and automatically adjusts the distance between the testing head and the blade according to the ultrasonic frequency to improve the detection effect. This device effectively solves the shortcomings of existing detection devices and significantly improves the accuracy, comprehensiveness and reliability of detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of steam turbine blade detection, in particular to an ultrasonic non-destructive detection device for steam turbine blades after casting. Background Art

[0002] Steam turbines are core power equipment for converting thermal and mechanical energy in modern industry, and the quality of their blades is directly related to the stability and efficiency of the equipment's operation. During the manufacturing process of steam turbine blades, while the casting process can meet the requirements of complex structural molding, factors such as material properties and fluctuations in casting process parameters can easily lead to defects such as pores, cracks, and looseness within the blades. These defects can significantly reduce the blade's strength and service life, and even cause major safety accidents. Therefore, high-precision nondestructive testing of cast steam turbine blades has become a key step in ensuring the reliable operation of steam turbines.

[0003] Ultrasonic nondestructive testing (NDT) technology is currently widely used in steam turbine blade inspection due to its advantages, including strong penetration, high sensitivity, and harmlessness to humans. However, existing ultrasonic NDT devices still have shortcomings. Turbine blades of varying thicknesses respond differently to ultrasonic frequency, and existing devices are unable to automatically adjust ultrasonic testing parameters based on blade thickness. When inspecting thick blades, low-frequency ultrasonic waves, while having strong penetration, have low resolution, making it easy to miss minor defects. When inspecting thin blades, high-frequency ultrasonic waves, while having high resolution, attenuate rapidly, making it difficult to detect deep-seated defects, significantly compromising detection accuracy and reliability. Furthermore, the quality of the coupling agent applied during ultrasonic testing significantly impacts the test results. Conventional devices often use manual application or fixed-flow spraying of coupling agent, failing to automatically adjust the thickness based on blade thickness variations. This results in poor coupling, impacting ultrasonic propagation efficiency and detection accuracy. Furthermore, existing testing devices primarily rely on static testing, making it difficult to simulate the forces acting on the blades during actual operation. This makes it difficult to effectively detect potential defects caused by dynamic stresses, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, which solves the above problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, comprising a base plate, a moving component is provided on the top of the base plate, a controller is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, a detection component is provided on the bottom of the moving component, a spraying auxiliary component is provided on the inner side of the detection component, a vibration component and an adjustment component are provided on the inner side of the spraying auxiliary component, the detection component comprises an ultrasonic detection head and a center block, a bottom ring is fixedly installed on the bottom of the center block, and a connecting rod is fixedly installed on the top of the ultrasonic detection head The connecting rod is movably inserted into the interior of the central block, the vibration assembly includes a synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the central block, and a gathering cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head. A vibration plate is slidably connected to the interior of the gathering cylinder, and a second spring is fixedly mounted between the vibration plate and the inner wall of the gathering cylinder. A vibration rod is fixedly mounted on the outside of the vibration plate, and the vibration rod movably passes through the end face of the gathering cylinder. A first rack is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the vibration rod, and the spraying auxiliary assembly includes an outer cylinder, which is slidably connected to the outside of the central block.

[0007] Preferably: two first support plates are fixedly installed on the top of the center block, a rotating rod is rotatably connected between the first support plates, two first gears are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating rod, a second support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the center block, the side of the second support plate is rotatably connected to the second gear, a second rack is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the outer tube, the second rack and the second gear are meshed with each other, the second gear is meshed with the first gear at the back, the first rack is meshed with the first gear at the front, and the controller is electrically connected to the ultrasonic detection head and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head.

[0008] Preferably: the detection assembly includes a top plate, a connecting plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top plate, an external block is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the connecting plates, the external tube is slidably connected to the inner side of the external block, an internal block is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the external tube, a connecting groove is opened inside the internal block, a connecting block is slidably connected inside the connecting groove, a back block is fixedly installed on the back of the external block, the outer side of the connecting block is fixedly installed on the inner side of the back block, and the inner side of the connecting block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the center block.

[0009] Preferably: the moving assembly includes a second electric slide rail, the second electric slide rail is fixedly mounted on the top of the base plate, a first electric slide rail is arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails, an electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first electric slide rail, the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly mounted on the first motor, the output end of the first motor is fixedly mounted on the rotating disk, an intermediate block is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating disk, a side plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the top plate, the intermediate block is rotatably connected to the inner side of the side plate, the outer side of the side plate is fixedly mounted with the second motor, and the output end of the second motor movably passes through the interior of the side plate and is fixedly connected to the intermediate block.

[0010] Preferably: a vertical rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the top plate, a first piston plate is fixedly installed on the bottom of the vertical rod, the first piston plate is slidably connected to the inside of the external tube, a one-way nozzle is fixedly installed on the bottom of the external tube, the connection direction of the one-way nozzle is from the inside of the external tube to the outside, a first one-way valve is fixedly installed on the outside of the external tube, a liquid inlet pipe is fixedly installed on the outside of the first one-way valve, the first one-way valve is located below the first piston plate, and the connection direction of the first one-way valve is from the liquid inlet pipe to the inside of the external tube.

[0011] Preferably, a transverse plate is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the outer tube, a first spring is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the transverse plate, and the bottom of the first spring is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer block.

[0012] Preferably: an internal groove is opened inside the center block, a third piston plate is slidably connected inside the internal groove, the top of the connecting rod is fixedly installed on the bottom of the third piston plate, and a third spring is fixedly installed between the top of the third piston plate and the inner top of the internal groove.

[0013] Preferably: the adjustment assembly includes an air cylinder, which is fixedly mounted above the center block, and the interior of the air cylinder is slidably connected to a second piston plate, so a moving rod is fixedly mounted between the right side of the second piston plate and the left side of the first rack, an air intake pipe is fixedly mounted on the left side of the air cylinder, and a connecting pipe is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the air cylinder, the connecting pipe connects the air cylinder and the interior of the internal groove, and the air intake pipe connects the air cylinder with the outside world.

[0014] Preferably: a third one-way valve is fixedly installed at the connection between the air intake pipe and the air cylinder, a second one-way valve is fixedly installed at the connection between the connecting pipe and the air cylinder, the connection direction of the second one-way valve is from the inside of the air cylinder to the inside of the connecting pipe, and the connection direction of the third one-way valve is from the inside of the air intake pipe to the inside of the air cylinder.

[0015] Preferably, an exhaust hole is provided inside the central block, the exhaust hole connects the internal groove with the outside, a baffle is fixedly installed on the bottom of the right side of the third piston plate, and the baffle is located inside the connection between the exhaust hole and the internal groove. Beneficial effects

[0016] The present invention provides an ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting. Compared with the prior art, it has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for post-cast turbine blades ensures that the ultrasonic testing head and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head have the same frequency and change synchronously under the control of a controller. The ultrasonic frequency is automatically adjusted based on blade thickness feedback. For thicker blades, low-frequency ultrasound is used to fully utilize its penetrating power to detect deep internal defects; for thinner blades, high-frequency ultrasound is used to detect tiny defects with its high resolution, significantly improving detection accuracy and reliability.

[0018] 2. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting is used. The ultrasonic waves emitted by the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter act on the vibration plate through the focusing tube, driving the external tube to vibrate up and down, realizing rapid tapping of the blades, simulating the stress conditions of the blades under actual working conditions, effectively detecting potential defects that are difficult to find in the static state of the blades, improving the comprehensiveness of the detection, and changing the tapping force according to the thickness of the detection part to ensure better dynamic simulation effect.

[0019] 3. In this ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, during the up and down movement of the outer cylinder, the first piston plate, one-way nozzle, first one-way valve and other components cooperate to automatically adjust the amount of coupling agent sprayed according to the thickness of the blade. When testing thick blades, the outer cylinder moves a large distance and the coupling agent is applied thickly, reducing air interference and compensating for energy loss. When testing thin blades, the coupling agent is applied thinly to avoid signal distortion, improve detection resolution, and ensure good acoustic coupling effect.

[0020] 4. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting has an adjustment component that uses the vibration of the vibration plate to drive the movement of the second piston plate, and automatically adjusts the distance between the ultrasonic detection head and the blade according to the change in ultrasonic frequency. When testing thick blades, the detection head is at a farther distance, which allows the ultrasonic waves to be better focused and diffused; when testing thin blades, the detection head is at a closer distance to ensure that the reflected signal of sufficient strength is received, reducing propagation attenuation and further improving the detection effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1It is a three-dimensional diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a partial structural perspective diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the external structure of the detection component and spray auxiliary component of the present invention

[0025] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the bottom structure of the detection component and the spray auxiliary component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the back structure of the detection component and the spray auxiliary component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the internal cross-sectional structure of the detection component and the spray auxiliary component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 A magnified view of the structure at center A;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal structure of the vibration component and the adjustment component of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. bottom plate; 2. moving assembly; 21. first electric slide rail; 22. second electric slide rail; 23. electric push rod; 24. first motor; 25. rotating disk; 26. middle block; 27. side plate; 28. second motor; 3. detection assembly; 31. top plate; 32. outer block; 33. connecting plate; 34. ultrasonic detection head; 35. back block; 36. inner block; 37. connecting groove; 38. connecting block; 39. center block; 310. bottom ring; 311. connecting rod; 4. spraying auxiliary assembly; 41. outer cylinder; 42. horizontal plate; 43. first spring; 44. one-way nozzle; 45. first piston plate; 46. vertical rod; 47. first One-way valve; 48. Liquid inlet pipe; 5. Vibration assembly; 51. Synchronous ultrasonic transmitter; 52. Gathering cylinder; 53. Vibration rod; 54. First rack; 55. First gear; 56. Rotating rod; 57. First support plate; 58. Second gear; 59. Second support plate; 510. Second rack; 511. Vibration plate; 512. Second spring; 6. Adjustment assembly; 61. Air cylinder; 62. Second piston plate; 63. Moving rod; 64. Air inlet pipe; 65. Connecting pipe; 66. Second one-way valve; 67. Third one-way valve; 68. Internal groove; 69. Third piston plate; 610. Third spring; 611. Baffle; 612. Exhaust hole; 7. Controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that in the description of the embodiments of the present application, the terms "front, rear", "left, right", "up, down", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships are all based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. The terms "install", "connect", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or they can be internal connections between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0033] The present application will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0034] Reference Figures 1 to 9, the embodiment of the present application provides an ultrasonic non-destructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, including a base plate 1, a moving component 2 is provided on the top of the base plate 1, a controller 7 is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, a detection component 3 is provided on the bottom of the moving component 2, a spraying auxiliary component 4 is provided on the inner side of the detection component 3, a vibration component 5 and an adjustment component 6 are provided on the inner side of the spraying auxiliary component 4, the detection component 3 includes an ultrasonic detection head 34 and a center block 39, a bottom ring 310 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the center block 39, a connecting rod 311 is fixedly installed on the top of the ultrasonic detection head 34, and the connecting rod 311 is movably plugged into the inside of the center block 39, the vibration component 5 includes a synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51, the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51 is fixedly installed on the top of the center block 39, a gathering tube 52 is fixedly installed on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51, the interior of the gathering tube 52 is slidably connected to the vibration plate 511, and the vibration plate 511 is fixed to the inner wall of the gathering tube 52. A second spring 512 is fixedly installed, a vibration rod 53 is fixedly installed on the outside of the vibration plate 511, and the vibration rod 53 movably penetrates the end surface of the gathering cylinder 52, and a first rack 54 is fixedly installed on the outer end of the vibration rod 53. The spraying auxiliary assembly 4 includes an outer cylinder 41, and the outer cylinder 41 is slidably connected to the outside of the central block 39. Two first support plates 57 are fixedly installed on the top of the central block 39, and a rotating rod 56 is rotatably connected between the first support plates 57. Two first gears 55 are fixedly installed on the outside of the rotating rod 56. A second support plate 59 is fixedly installed on the top of the central block 39, and a second gear 58 is rotatably connected to the side of the second support plate 59. A second rack 510 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the outer cylinder 41. The second rack 510 and the second gear 58 are meshed with each other, and the second gear 58 is meshed with the back first gear 55. The first rack 54 is meshed with the front first gear 55. The controller 7 is electrically connected to the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51.

[0035] The detection assembly 3 includes a top plate 31, a connecting plate 33 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the top plate 31, an external block 32 is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the connecting plates 33, an external tube 41 is slidably connected to the inner side of the external block 32, an internal block 36 is fixedly installed inside the side wall of the external tube 41, a connecting groove 37 is opened inside the internal block 36, a connecting block 38 is slidably connected inside the connecting groove 37, a back block 35 is fixedly installed on the back of the external block 32, the outer side of the connecting block 38 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the back block 35, and the inner side of the connecting block 38 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the center block 39. The moving component 2 includes a second electric slide rail 22, which is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1. A first electric slide rail 21 is arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails 22. An electric push rod 23 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the first electric slide rail 21. The output end of the electric push rod 23 is fixedly installed with a first motor 24. A rotating disk 25 is fixedly installed on the output end of the first motor 24. An intermediate block 26 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating disk 25. A side plate 27 is fixedly installed on the top of the top plate 31. The intermediate block 26 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the side plate 27. A second motor 28 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the side plate 27. The output end of the second motor 28 moves through the interior of the side plate 27 and is fixedly connected to the intermediate block 26.

[0036] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can be driven to move left and right by the first electric slide 21, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can be driven to move forward and backward by the second electric slide 22, the ultrasonic detection head 34 can be driven to move up and down by the electric push rod 23, and the ultrasonic detection head 34 can be driven to rotate in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the first motor 24 and the second motor 28, thereby ensuring that the ultrasonic detection head 34 can move at all angles and positions, ensuring that the ultrasonic detection head 34 can move along the surface of the turbine blade to perform ultrasonic non-destructive testing on the turbine blade;

[0037] During detection, the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic emission head 51 can have the same frequency, and can be changed synchronously under the control of the controller 7. The ultrasonic detection head 34 can measure the thickness of the blade at this position while detecting damage, and feed back the detection data to the controller 7. The ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic emission head 51 are adjusted by the controller 7. The thicker part has a lower overall frequency, and the thinner part has an increased frequency. High-frequency ultrasonic waves have the characteristics of short wavelength and high resolution, and can more clearly detect tiny defects in thin blades. When low-frequency ultrasonic waves propagate in thick materials, the attenuation is relatively small, and they can penetrate a larger thickness, thereby detecting defects deep inside the blade. The above method ensures that defects can be better detected at different thicknesses of the blade.

[0038] The ultrasonic waves emitted by the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 act on the vibration plate 511 through the focusing tube 52, and the second spring 512 behind the vibration plate 511 ensures that the vibration plate 511 vibrates back and forth rapidly. The reciprocating vibration of the vibration plate 511 drives the first rack 54 to move back and forth through the vibration rod 53, thereby driving the first gear 55 to rotate back and forth, and driving the second gear 58 to rotate back and forth. The reciprocating rotation of the second gear 58 can drive the second rack 510 to rotate back and forth. The small gear drives the large gear to amplify the vibration force on the second rack 510, so that the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 can drive the external tube 41 to vibrate up and down. During vibration, the wavelength of the low-frequency sound wave is longer. According to the wave theory, when it propagates in the medium, the pressure change per unit area is relatively slow, so it can generate a larger sound pressure. , thereby generating a larger force, while the wavelength of high-frequency sound waves is shorter, the pressure change per unit area is faster, the sound pressure is relatively small, and the force generated is also relatively small. When the ultrasonic frequency decreases, the upper force on the vibration plate 511 becomes larger, and conversely, the vibration force becomes smaller, so that when the frequency decreases, the distance the outer tube 41 moves up and down becomes larger, and when the frequency increases, the distance the outer tube 41 moves up and down becomes smaller; when the outer tube 41 vibrates back and forth up and down, the bottom of the outer tube 41 can quickly tap the blade being tested below, and according to the change of the ultrasonic frequency, the distance the outer tube 41 moves is different, so the tapping force is larger when testing thicker parts, and the tapping force is smaller when testing thinner parts. By quickly tapping the blade during detection, dynamic detection of the blade can be performed during detection, so that problems that are not easy to find when the blade is static can be detected, thereby making the detection more subtle.

[0039] Reference Figures 1 to 9 In one aspect of this embodiment, a vertical rod 46 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the top plate 31. A first piston plate 45 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the vertical rod 46. The first piston plate 45 is slidably connected to the interior of the outer tube 41. A one-way nozzle 44 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the outer tube 41. The communication direction of the one-way nozzle 44 is from the interior of the outer tube 41 to the outside. A first one-way valve 47 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the outer tube 41. A liquid inlet pipe 48 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the first one-way valve 47. The first one-way valve 47 is located below the first piston plate 45. The communication direction of the first one-way valve 47 is from the liquid inlet pipe 48 to the interior of the outer tube 41. A horizontal plate 42 is fixedly mounted on the outside of the outer tube 41. A first spring 43 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the horizontal plate 42. The bottom of the first spring 43 is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer block 32.

[0040] In this embodiment, the liquid inlet pipe 48 is connected to the external coupling agent storage tank. When the external cylinder 41 moves up and down, the upward movement of the first piston plate 45 will squeeze the coupling agent inside the external cylinder 41, thereby spraying the coupling agent onto the blade through the one-way nozzle 44. When it moves downward, the coupling agent can be absorbed and replenished into the internal part of the external cylinder 41 through the first one-way valve 47 and the liquid inlet pipe 48. The multiple one-way nozzles 44 at the bottom ensure that the coupling agent can be sprayed on the ultrasonic detection head 34 during mobile detection, ensuring the normal operation of the ultrasonic detection head 34. When the frequency is adjusted according to the thickness of the blade, the movement distance of the external cylinder 41 changes accordingly. Therefore, when detecting thicker parts, the external cylinder 41 The upper barrel 41 moves a long distance up and down, and the amount of coupling agent sprayed out in a single time is large, so the thickness of the coupling agent is thicker. Conversely, when detecting thinner parts, the thickness of the coupling agent is thinner. For thick blades, applying a thicker coupling agent can fully fill the gap between the probe and the blade surface, effectively reduce the reflection and scattering of ultrasound by air, ensure good acoustic coupling effect, compensate for the energy loss during ultrasound propagation, and extend its propagation distance. Applying a thinner coupling agent on thinner blades can avoid additional interference of the coupling agent on the ultrasonic signal, prevent signal distortion, improve detection resolution, and automatically adjust the coupling agent thickness according to the change of blade thickness, thereby ensuring better detection effect.

[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 9 In one aspect of this embodiment, an internal groove 68 is opened inside the center block 39, and a third piston plate 69 is slidably connected inside the internal groove 68. The top of the connecting rod 311 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the third piston plate 69, and a third spring 610 is fixedly installed between the top of the third piston plate 69 and the inner top of the internal groove 68.

[0042] The adjustment assembly 6 includes an air cylinder 61, which is fixedly mounted above the center block 39. A second piston plate 62 is slidably connected to the interior of the air cylinder 61, so a movable rod 63 is fixedly mounted between the right side of the second piston plate 62 and the left side of the first rack 54. An air intake pipe 64 is fixedly mounted on the left side of the air cylinder 61. A connecting pipe 65 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the air cylinder 61. The connecting pipe 65 connects the air cylinder 61 and the interior of the internal groove 68, and the air intake pipe 64 connects the air cylinder 61 with the outside world. A third one-way valve 67 is fixedly mounted at the connection point between the air intake pipe 64 and the air cylinder 61, and a second one-way valve 66 is fixedly mounted at the connection point between the connecting pipe 65 and the air cylinder 61. The second one-way valve 66 is connected from the interior of the air cylinder 61 to the interior of the connecting pipe 65, and the third one-way valve 67 is connected from the interior of the air intake pipe 64 to the interior of the air cylinder 61. An exhaust hole 612 is opened inside the center block 39, and the exhaust hole 612 connects the internal groove 68 with the outside. A baffle 611 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the right side of the third piston plate 69, and the baffle 611 is located on the inner side of the connection between the exhaust hole 612 and the internal groove 68.

[0043] In this embodiment, when the vibration plate 511 vibrates back and forth, the moving rod 63 moves back and forth with the first rack 54, thereby driving the second piston plate 62 to move back and forth. The reciprocating movement of the second piston plate 62 and the cooperation of the second one-way valve 66 and the third one-way valve 67 can draw air through the intake pipe 64 and discharge it into the internal groove 68. According to the frequency change, when the frequency decreases, the vibration plate 511 is subjected to a greater force, so the second piston plate 62 reciprocates a longer distance, so the amount of gas injected into the internal groove 68 per unit time is greater, and the increased air pressure inside the internal groove 68 can push the third piston plate 69 to move upward, thereby driving the ultrasonic detection head 34 to move upward. After the upward movement, the baffle 611 also moves upward, and the exhaust hole 612 is connected to the internal groove 68 at more positions, so the amount of gas discharged through the exhaust hole 612 increases, until the intake and exhaust volumes are balanced, and the position of the third piston plate 69 and the ultrasonic detection head 34 is not It changes again, and when the frequency is lower, the air intake volume is larger, and the size required to achieve the balanced connection position between the exhaust hole 612 and the internal groove 68 is larger. Therefore, when maintaining balance, the upward movement distance of the third piston plate 69 is larger. Therefore, the lower the frequency, the larger the air intake volume, the larger the upward movement distance of the ultrasonic detection head 34. Conversely, the larger the frequency, the smaller the upward movement distance of the ultrasonic detection head 34. Therefore, when detecting thicker parts, the ultrasonic detection head 34 is relatively far away from the blade position, and when detecting thinner parts, the ultrasonic detection head 34 is relatively close to the blade position. Thick blades require ultrasonic waves to have sufficient energy to penetrate. A larger distance can allow ultrasonic waves to be better focused and diffused during propagation, reduce beam distortion, and improve detection accuracy. Thin blades have relatively weak reflection and scattering of ultrasonic waves. A closer probe distance can ensure that a reflected signal of sufficient strength is received, while also reducing the attenuation of ultrasonic waves propagating in the air, thereby improving detection results.

[0044] The controller 7 can use Siemens S7-1200 series PLC, which has rich communication interfaces and powerful logic control capabilities; the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head 51 can use Panametrics-NDT's V312-RM model, which has high sensitivity and wide bandwidth characteristics and is suitable for a variety of material detection. The controller 7 outputs a specific voltage signal through the analog output module, which is amplified by the power amplifier and acts on the built-in voltage-controlled oscillator of the ultrasonic head to achieve frequency adjustment. At the same time, the controller 7 establishes a connection with the two ultrasonic heads through a high-speed communication bus (such as RS-485), sends frequency instructions in real time, and receives frequency status signals fed back by the ultrasonic heads. The closed-loop control algorithm ensures that the frequencies of the two are the same in real time and are adjusted synchronously.

[0045] The specific process of adjusting the frequencies of the two ultrasonic test heads based on the thickness detected by the ultrasonic test head 34 is as follows: After the ultrasonic test head 34 detects the blade thickness information, it feeds this information back to the Siemens S7-1200 series PLC controller. Based on the preset thickness-frequency correspondence, the controller 7 outputs a corresponding voltage signal through the analog output module. After amplification by the power amplifier, it acts on the built-in voltage-controlled oscillator of the Panametrics-NDT V312-RM ultrasonic test head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51, thereby adjusting their frequencies. For example, when a thicker area is detected, the controller 7 reduces the output voltage, thereby reducing the ultrasonic head frequency; when a thinner area is detected, the controller 7 increases the output voltage, thereby increasing the ultrasonic head frequency. At the same time, the controller 7 establishes a connection with the two ultrasonic heads via a high-speed communication bus (such as RS-485), sends frequency instructions in real time, and receives frequency status signals fed back by the ultrasonic heads. A closed-loop control algorithm ensures that the frequencies of the two heads are consistent and adjusted synchronously in real time to meet the inspection requirements of blades of different thicknesses and improve the inspection effect.

[0046] Meanwhile, the contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

[0047] Working principle: This patent realizes the position and angle adjustment of the ultrasonic detection head 34 through the coordinated action of the first electric slide 21, the second electric slide 22, the electric push rod 23, the first motor 24 and the second motor 28, so that it can move along the surface of the turbine blade for detection; during detection, the controller 7 synchronously adjusts the frequency of the ultrasonic detection head 34 and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 according to the blade thickness data fed back by the ultrasonic detection head 34, and detects deep defects at low frequencies in thick areas and detects tiny defects at high frequencies in thin areas; the vibration of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter 51 drives the outer cylinder 41 to move upward through a series of transmission structures such as the gathering cylinder 52 and the vibration plate 511. The downward vibration strikes the blade to realize dynamic detection, and the frequency change will change the vibration distance and striking force of the outer tube 41; at the same time, the up and down movement of the outer tube 41 cooperates with the first piston plate 45, the one-way nozzle 44 and other structures to realize the automatic spraying and replenishment of the coupling agent, and its spraying thickness changes with the blade thickness and frequency; in addition, the vibration of the vibration plate 511 changes the air pressure in the internal groove 68 through the moving rod 63, the second piston plate 62 and other components, and pushes the third piston plate 69 to drive the ultrasonic detection head 34 to move, so that the distance between the detection head and the blade is automatically adjusted with the frequency and blade thickness to ensure the overall detection effect.

[0048] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting, comprising a base plate (1), characterized in that: A moving assembly (2) is provided on the top of the base plate (1), a controller (7) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base plate (1), a detection assembly (3) is provided on the bottom of the moving assembly (2), a spraying auxiliary assembly (4) is provided on the inner side of the detection assembly (3), and a vibration assembly (5) and an adjustment assembly (6) are provided on the inner side of the spraying auxiliary assembly (4); The detection assembly (3) comprises an ultrasonic detection head (34), a center block (39), and a top plate (31); a bottom ring (310) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the center block (39); a connecting rod (311) is fixedly mounted on the top of the ultrasonic detection head (34); the connecting rod (311) is movably plugged into the center block (39); a connecting plate (33) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the top plate (31); an external block (32) is fixedly mounted between the bottoms of the connecting plates (33); and a back block (35) is fixedly mounted on the back of the external block (32); The vibration assembly (5) includes a synchronous ultrasonic transmitter (51), the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter (51) is fixedly mounted on the top of the center block (39), a gathering cylinder (52) is fixedly mounted on the side of the synchronous ultrasonic transmitter (51), a vibration plate (511) is slidably connected to the interior of the gathering cylinder (52), a second spring (512) is fixedly mounted between the vibration plate (511) and the inner wall of the gathering cylinder (52), a vibration rod (53) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the vibration plate (511), the vibration rod (53) movably penetrates the end surface of the gathering cylinder (52), and a first rack (54) is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the vibration rod (53); The spray auxiliary assembly (4) includes an outer cylinder (41), the outer cylinder (41) is slidably connected to the outside of the central block (39) and the inside of the outer block (32), a one-way spray head (44) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder (41), a vertical rod (46) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the top plate (31), a first piston plate (45) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical rod (46), the first piston plate (45) is slidably connected to the inside of the outer cylinder (41), a first one-way valve (47) is fixedly installed at the outside of the outer cylinder (41), and a liquid inlet pipe (48) is fixedly installed at the outside of the first one-way valve (47); The regulating assembly (6) includes an air cylinder (61), the air cylinder (61) is fixedly mounted above the center block (39), and a second piston plate (62) is slidably connected inside the air cylinder (61), so that a moving rod (63) is fixedly mounted between the right side of the second piston plate (62) and the left side of the first rack (54), an air intake pipe (64) is fixedly mounted on the left side of the air cylinder (61), a connecting pipe (65) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the air cylinder (61), the connecting pipe (65) is connected to the air cylinder (61) and the internal groove (68), a third one-way valve (67) is fixedly mounted at the connection between the air intake pipe (64) and the air cylinder (61), and a second one-way valve (66) is fixedly mounted at the connection between the connecting pipe (65) and the air cylinder (61); The controller (7) is electrically connected to the ultrasonic detection head (34) and the synchronous ultrasonic transmitting head (51).

2. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two first support plates (57) are fixedly mounted on the top of the center block (39), a rotating rod (56) is rotatably connected between the first support plates (57), two first gears (55) are fixedly mounted on the outside of the rotating rod (56), a second support plate (59) is fixedly mounted on the top of the center block (39), a second gear (58) is rotatably connected to the side of the second support plate (59), a second rack (510) is fixedly mounted on the inner bottom of the outer tube (41), the second rack (510) and the second gear (58) are meshed with each other, the second gear (58) and the back first gear (55) are meshed with each other, and the first rack (54) and the front first gear (55) are meshed with each other.

3. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner block (36) is fixedly mounted on the side wall of the outer cylinder (41), a connecting groove (37) is provided inside the inner block (36), a connecting block (38) is slidably connected inside the connecting groove (37), an outer side of the connecting block (38) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the back block (35), and an inner side of the connecting block (38) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the center block (39).

4. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving assembly (2) includes a second electric slide rail (22), the second electric slide rail (22) is fixedly mounted on the top of the bottom plate (1), a first electric slide rail (21) is arranged between the tops of the two second electric slide rails (22), an electric push rod (23) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first electric slide rail (21), a first motor (24) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the electric push rod (23), a rotating disk (25) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the first motor (24), an intermediate block (26) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rotating disk (25), a side plate (27) is fixedly mounted on the top of the top plate (31), the intermediate block (26) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the side plate (27), a second motor (28) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the side plate (27), and the output end of the second motor (28) movably passes through the inside of the side plate (27) and is fixedly connected to the intermediate block (26).

5. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The one-way nozzle (44) is connected from the inside of the outer tube (41) to the outside. The first one-way valve (47) is located below the first piston plate (45). The first one-way valve (47) is connected from the liquid inlet pipe (48) to the inside of the outer tube (41).

6. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transverse plate (42) is fixedly mounted on the outside of the outer cylinder (41), a first spring (43) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the transverse plate (42), and the bottom of the first spring (43) is fixedly mounted on the top of the outer block (32).

7. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal groove (68) is provided inside the center block (39), and a third piston plate (69) is slidably connected inside the internal groove (68). The top of the connecting rod (311) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the third piston plate (69), and a third spring (610) is fixedly mounted between the top of the third piston plate (69) and the inner top of the internal groove (68).

8. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (64) communicates with the air cylinder (61) and the outside world.

9. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication direction of the second one-way valve (66) is from the interior of the air cylinder (61) to the interior of the connecting pipe (65), and the communication direction of the third one-way valve (67) is from the interior of the air inlet pipe (64) to the interior of the air cylinder (61).

10. The ultrasonic nondestructive testing device for steam turbine blades after casting according to claim 7, characterized in that: An exhaust hole (612) is provided inside the central block (39), and the exhaust hole (612) communicates with the internal groove (68) and the outside. A baffle (611) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the right side of the third piston plate (69), and the baffle (611) is located on the inner side of the connection between the exhaust hole (612) and the internal groove (68).

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