A butt joint axisymmetric finite element construction method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a butt joint axisymmetric finite element construction method, device, equipment and medium, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring size data of a base material and an intermediate layer, and constructing a geometric model according to the size data; the construction object of the geometric model comprises one half of the upper half of the butt joint along an axis; acquiring material properties of the base material and the intermediate layer, and setting finite element construction parameters based on the geometric model in stages according to the material properties; based on the order of levels, setting the specifications of the finite elements in each level according to the size data, and creating a finite element network; the greater the distance between a level and a connection, the greater the size of the finite elements of the corresponding level; performing preset constraints and loads on the geometric model for creating the finite element network, and constructing an axisymmetric finite element of the butt joint. The application significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of finite element simulation of the butt joint, and can be widely applied to the technical field of data processing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a method, apparatus, equipment and medium for constructing an axisymmetric finite element joint. Background Technology

[0002] For metallic materials, welding is the primary method for obtaining high-strength joints, and transient liquid phase diffusion welding (TPD) offers a range of advantages, including non-melting of the base material, minimal deformation, and the ability to achieve high-strength face joints. However, the intermediate layer in TPD welding requires the addition of melting-reducing elements, resulting in significant differences in melting point and chemical composition compared to the base material. Consequently, the physical and mechanical properties of the intermediate layer and the base material differ significantly, leading to different responses of the welded joint to external loads. Furthermore, due to the continuous deformation along the material interface, complex stress-strain states typically arise in the joint region, affecting the strength and service reliability of the welded joint. Therefore, one of the main challenges of TPD welding is controlling the stress and strain at the weld joint interface to ensure no destructive differences exist between the interface and the joined materials. However, determining the impact of the physical and mechanical property differences between the intermediate layer and the base material through experimentation is time-consuming and expensive.

[0003] The analytical methods for calculating stress and deformation during the welding process of transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joints using formulas cannot cover all factors that arise during the process. Therefore, in engineering calculations and analyses, the finite element method (FEM) is primarily used to analyze welding strength and deformation, with modeling playing a central role. Appropriate modeling in transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joint simulations takes into account the material's physical and mechanical properties, load characteristics, loading process, geometry, and their temperature variations, studying the stress and deformation states under these constraints. A key stage in modeling transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joints using the FEM is creating the finite element model. The accuracy of the transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joint simulation largely depends on the quality of this modeling stage, directly impacting the closeness of simulation results to experimental results, computation time, and the requirements for computing hardware resources. All these factors are affected by the quality and correctness of the finite element modeling; therefore, correctly creating the finite element model of the transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joint is crucial. However, existing axisymmetric finite element models of welded joints exhibit significant errors when calculating transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joints. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this invention is to provide a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for constructing an axisymmetric finite element model of a butt joint, in order to solve at least one problem in the prior art. This invention can efficiently and accurately realize the construction of an axisymmetric finite element model of a butt joint.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, one aspect of this invention proposes an axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a butt joint, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the dimensional data of the base material and the intermediate layer, and construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data; the construction object of the geometric model includes half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis; the butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer set at the connection of the two base materials; the geometric model includes multiple pre-divided layers;

[0007] Obtain the material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, and set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties;

[0008] Based on the hierarchical order, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the size data to create a finite element network; the greater the distance between the level and the connection, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level.

[0009] By applying preset constraints and loads to the geometric model used to create the finite element network, an axisymmetric finite element model of the mating joint is constructed.

[0010] In some embodiments, the mating joint adopts a symmetrical structure; the geometric model is constructed based on the dimensional data, including the following steps:

[0011] Based on the symmetry of the butt joint, half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis is taken as the object for constructing the geometric model; the middle layer is instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding.

[0012] Based on the preset number of rectangles, the constructed object is divided into multiple layers of rectangles; the layers of rectangles are numbered upwards starting from the middle layer.

[0013] Based on the preset first size relationship, the size values ​​of each layer of rectangles are determined according to the size data, and a geometric model is constructed.

[0014] In some embodiments, the dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, wherein the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter; the dimensional values ​​include rectangle width and rectangle height; based on a preset first dimensional relationship, the dimensional values ​​of each layer rectangle are determined according to the dimensional data to construct a geometric model, including the following steps:

[0015] The width of all rectangles is determined by half the diameter.

[0016] When the level number is less than or equal to the first preset level number, the height of the corresponding rectangle is determined according to half the thickness of the intermediate level.

[0017] When the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number and the layer is not the last, the rectangular height of the corresponding rectangle is determined based on half the thickness of the intermediate layer, combined with a preset integer coefficient and the layer number; wherein, when the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number, the expression for the rectangular height of the corresponding rectangle is:

[0018] b i =g (i-3) ·s / 2;

[0019] In the formula, i represents the level number, b i Let g represent the height of the rectangle at the i-th level, g represent the integer coefficient, and s represent the thickness of the intermediate layer.

[0020] The height of the rectangle corresponding to the last layer is determined as the sum of the height of the base material and the thickness of the intermediate layer, minus the height of the rectangles corresponding to all the preceding layers.

[0021] In some embodiments, the intermediate layer is a transient liquid phase diffusion weld; the welding stage of the butt joint includes a heating stage, a heat preservation welding stage, a high-temperature cooling stage, and a low-temperature cooling stage; the finite element construction parameters are set in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties, including the following steps:

[0022] During the heating stage, finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model and elastic analysis.

[0023] During the thermal insulation welding stage, finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model and plastic analysis.

[0024] During the high-temperature cooling stage, finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model and plasticity analysis.

[0025] During the cryogenic cooling stage, finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model and elastic analysis.

[0026] In elastic analysis, the finite element parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and linear thermal expansion coefficient; in plastic analysis, the finite element parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, linear thermal expansion coefficient, yield strength, and material creep parameters.

[0027] In some embodiments, the hierarchy is numbered upwards starting from the middle layer, and the specifications of the finite element include shape and size; based on the hierarchy order, the specifications of the finite element in each level are set according to the size data, including the following steps:

[0028] When the level number is less than or equal to the second preset level number or the level is the last one, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a square.

[0029] When the level number is greater than the second preset level number and the level is not the last, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a triangle;

[0030] Based on the preset second dimension relationship, the dimensions of the finite elements in each level are determined according to the dimension data.

[0031] In some embodiments, the dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, where the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter; based on a preset second dimensional relationship, the dimensions of the finite element in each layer are determined according to the dimensional data, including the following steps:

[0032] When the level number is less than or equal to the second preset level number, the side length of the square finite element is determined according to one-twentieth of the thickness of the intermediate layer.

[0033] When the layer number is greater than the second preset layer number and the layer is not the last, the side length of the triangular finite element is determined based on one-twentieth of the intermediate layer thickness, combined with a preset integer coefficient and the layer number; where the expression for the side length of the triangular finite element is:

[0034] e = g (i-3) ·s / 20;

[0035] In the formula, e represents the side length of the triangular finite element, i represents the layer number, g represents the integer coefficient, and s represents the thickness of the intermediate layer;

[0036] When the level is the last one, the side length of the square finite element is determined based on one-twentieth of the height of the parent material.

[0037] In some embodiments, pre-defined constraints and loads are applied to the geometric model for creating the finite element network, including the following steps:

[0038] The geometric model is constrained based on the movement limit of the docking joint in the radial axis direction;

[0039] The load is set based on the corresponding position of the top end of the parent material in the geometric model.

[0040] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides an axisymmetric finite element construction device for a butt joint, the device comprising:

[0041] The first module is used to obtain the dimensional data of the base material and the intermediate layer, and to construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data. The construction object of the geometric model includes half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis. The butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer set at the connection of the two base materials. The geometric model includes multiple pre-divided layers.

[0042] The second module is used to obtain the material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, and to set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties.

[0043] The third module is used to create a finite element network by setting the specifications of the finite elements in each level according to the size data based on the hierarchical order; the greater the distance between the level and the connection, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level.

[0044] The fourth module is used to apply preset constraints and loads to the geometric model used to create the finite element network, thereby constructing the axisymmetric finite element of the mating joint.

[0045] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the above-described method.

[0046] To achieve the above objectives, another aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method.

[0047] The embodiments of this invention include at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a method, apparatus, device, and medium for constructing an axisymmetric finite element model of a butt joint. This scheme obtains dimensional data of the base material and intermediate layer, and constructs a geometric model based on the dimensional data. The geometric model includes the upper half of the butt joint along its axis. The butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer disposed at the connection point of the two base materials. The geometric model includes multiple pre-divided levels. The material properties of the base material and intermediate layer are obtained, and finite element construction parameters are set in stages based on the material properties and the geometric model. Based on the order of the levels, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the dimensional data, creating a finite element network. The greater the distance between the level and the connection point, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level. Pre-set constraints and loads are applied to the geometric model that creates the finite element network to construct the axisymmetric finite element model of the butt joint. This invention constructs a detailed geometric model by obtaining precise dimensional data of the base material and intermediate layer, and this geometric model focuses on the upper half of the butt joint along its axis. This reduces the computational load while maintaining the axisymmetric characteristics of the problem, thus improving computational efficiency. The pre-divided geometric model incorporates multiple layers to address the simulation accuracy requirements of different regions. By setting finite element sizes based on their distance from the joint, a balance between computational accuracy and efficiency is achieved. Furthermore, the finite element construction parameters are set in stages, taking into account the specific material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, ensuring the accuracy of the simulation results. Finally, by applying pre-defined constraints and loads to the geometric model, an axisymmetric finite element model of the butt joint is successfully constructed, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent mechanical analysis and optimization design. This invention significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of finite element simulation of butt joints. Attached Figure Description

[0048] Figure 1This is a flowchart of the axisymmetric finite element construction method for the mating joint provided in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the geometric model provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the finite element model after mesh construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the model after setting anchor points and loads according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a geometric model generated by existing technology on a proportional basis;

[0053] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a finite element model after mesh generation using existing proportional techniques.

[0054] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the stress change results of the instantaneous liquid phase diffusion weld node provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the strain (deformation) results of the instantaneous liquid phase diffusion weld joint provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the stress variation results of a welded joint in the prior art, in proportion to the actual situation.

[0057] Figure 10 A schematic diagram showing the strain (deformation) results of a welded joint in the prior art as a comparison.

[0058] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the axisymmetric finite element construction device for the docking joint provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of the electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0060] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. In the following description, when referring to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of this invention; they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of this invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0061] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this invention may be used to describe various concepts, but unless specifically stated otherwise, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of embodiments of this invention, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the words "if" or "when" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "in response to determination," or "in the event of a determination."

[0062] The terms “at least one,” “multiple,” “each,” “any,” etc., used in this invention, “at least one” includes one, two, or more than two; “multiple” includes two or more than two; “each” refers to each of the corresponding multiple; and “any” refers to any one of the multiple.

[0063] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention.

[0064] The axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a mating joint provided in this invention relates to the field of data processing technology. This method can be applied to a terminal, a server, or software running on either a terminal or a server. In some embodiments, the terminal can be a smartphone, tablet, laptop, desktop computer, smart speaker, smartwatch, or in-vehicle terminal, but is not limited to these. The server can be configured as an independent physical server, a server cluster or distributed system composed of multiple physical servers, or a cloud server providing basic cloud computing services such as cloud services, cloud databases, cloud computing, cloud functions, cloud storage, network services, cloud communication, middleware services, domain name services, security services, CDN, and big data and artificial intelligence platforms. The server can also be a node server in a blockchain network. The software can be an application implementing the axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a mating joint, but is not limited to the above forms.

[0065] This invention can be used in a wide variety of general-purpose or special-purpose computer system environments or configurations. Examples include: personal computers, server computers, handheld or portable devices, tablet devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network PCs, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and distributed computing environments including any of the above systems or devices. This invention can be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, that are executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc., that perform specific tasks or implement specific abstract data types. This invention can also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices connected via a communication network. In distributed computing environments, program modules can reside in local and remote computer storage media, including storage devices.

[0066] Figure 1 This is an optional flowchart of the axisymmetric finite element construction method for the mating joint provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 1 The method may include, but is not limited to, steps S100 to S400.

[0067] S100: Obtain the dimensional data of the base material and intermediate layer, and construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data;

[0068] The geometric model includes the upper half of the butt joint along the axis; the butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer set at the connection between the two base materials; the geometric model includes multiple pre-divided levels.

[0069] It should be noted that the butt joint adopts a symmetrical structure; in some embodiments, the geometric model is constructed based on the dimensional data, which may include the following steps: based on the symmetry of the butt joint, half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis is obtained as the construction object of the geometric model; the middle layer is instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding; based on the preset number of rectangles, the construction object is divided into multiple layers of rectangles; the layers of rectangles are numbered upwards starting from the middle layer; based on the preset first dimensional relationship, the dimensional values ​​of each layer of rectangles are determined according to the dimensional data to construct the geometric model.

[0070] In some embodiments, the dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, where the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter; the dimensional values ​​include rectangle width and rectangle height; based on a preset first dimensional relationship, the dimensional values ​​of each layer of rectangles are determined according to the dimensional data to construct a geometric model, which may include the following steps: determining the rectangle width of all rectangles based on half the diameter; when the layer number is less than or equal to a first preset layer number, determining the rectangle height of the corresponding rectangle based on half the intermediate layer thickness; when the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number and the layer is not the last, determining the rectangle height of the corresponding rectangle based on half the intermediate layer thickness combined with a preset integer coefficient and the layer number; wherein, when the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number, the expression for the rectangle height of the corresponding rectangle is: b i =g (i-3) ·s / 2; where i represents the level number, b i Let g represent the height of the rectangle at the i-th level, g represent an integer coefficient, and s represent the thickness of the intermediate layer. The height of the rectangle corresponding to the last level is determined by the sum of the height of the base material and the thickness of the intermediate layer, minus the height of the rectangles corresponding to all preceding levels.

[0071] For example, in some specific embodiments, a geometric model of a transient liquid phase diffusion welding unit can be constructed, consisting of two parent material cylinders with diameter d and height h (the specific structure is not limited, and other axisymmetric structures are also applicable to the technical solution of this invention) and an intermediate layer sheet with diameter d and thickness s. For example... Figure 2 The diagram shown (with the labels in the accompanying drawings representing the hierarchical levels) is a geometric model schematic of a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention. Specifically, it can be implemented as follows:

[0072] The constructed geometric model consists of n rectangles (width a, height b), where the top side of the lower rectangle coincides with the bottom side of the upper rectangle. The rectangles are numbered i from bottom to top. The dimensional relationship between the i=1, i=2, and i=3 rectangles is: width a i =d / 2, height b i =s / 2. The rectangles numbered i = 4 to (n-1) have the following dimensional relationship: width a i =d / 2, height b i =g (i-3) ·s / 2, where g is a function with integer coefficients, its main function is to control the height b of the rectangle. i The growth rate and magnitude of b. Specifically, adjusting the growth rate: by changing the value of g, b can be accelerated or slowed down. i The rate at which g increases with increasing i. A larger value of g will lead to b iFaster growth means that the height of the rectangle increases rapidly as i increases. Smaller g values ​​will cause bi to grow more slowly, and the change in the height of the rectangle will be more gradual. Controlling the growth rate: Different g values ​​can achieve different ranges of height change to adapt to different model requirements. Choosing an integer coefficient g has the following advantages: (1) Simplified calculation: Integer calculation is simpler and reduces the complexity of calculation, especially when programming or manual calculation. (2) Maintaining consistency: Integer coefficients ensure that the change of height of each rectangle is consistent, avoiding the accumulation of errors caused by decimals or fractions. (3) Enhanced readability: Using integer coefficients makes the formula easier to understand and communicate, which helps in the communication and explanation of the model. (4) Symmetry: Integer coefficients ensure that the height change of each rectangle is carried out in a fixed proportion, maintaining the symmetry and balance of the model. (5) Adjustment flexibility: By choosing different g values, the appearance and structure of the model can be quickly adjusted to meet different design requirements. (6) Easy to implement: In engineering and programming implementation, integer coefficients are easier to handle than decimal or fractional coefficients, reducing the complexity of implementation. Rectangle n has size-width a n =d / 2, height

[0073] In some specific application scenarios, the constructed geometric model consists of a rectangle with the number n ranging from 5 to 10.

[0074] In some specific application scenarios, the ratio of the intermediate layer thickness s to the base material height h is in the range of s / h≤0.001.

[0075] In some specific application scenarios, because the welded joint is symmetrical with respect to the thickness of the intermediate layer, the upper half (i.e., the upper base material cylinder and half the thickness of the intermediate layer) can be used to construct the geometric model. Because the welded joint is symmetrical with respect to the axis of the upper half of the base material cylinder, the left half of the upper half of the base material cylinder can be used to construct the geometric model.

[0076] S200: Obtain the material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, and set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties;

[0077] It should be noted that the intermediate layer is a transient liquid phase diffusion weld; the welding stages of the butt joint include a heating stage, a heat preservation welding stage, a high-temperature cooling stage, and a low-temperature cooling stage; in some embodiments, the finite element construction parameters are set in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties, which may include the following steps: in the heating stage, the finite element construction parameters are set according to the geometric model based on elastic analysis; in the heat preservation welding stage, the finite element construction parameters are set according to the geometric model based on plastic analysis; in the high-temperature cooling stage, the finite element construction parameters are set according to the geometric model based on plastic analysis; in the low-temperature cooling stage, the finite element construction parameters are set according to the geometric model based on elastic analysis; wherein, in the elastic analysis, the finite element construction parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and linear thermal expansion coefficient; in the plastic analysis, the finite element construction parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, linear thermal expansion coefficient, yield strength, and material creep parameters.

[0078] For example, in some specific embodiments, setting the parameters of the base material and the intermediate layer material can achieve the following:

[0079] Based on the material properties and the characteristics of instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding, the physical, mechanical, and thermodynamic properties of the base material and intermediate layer are set. When setting the axisymmetric finite element construction parameters for the instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welded butt joint, the parameters are set according to the different characteristics of the heating stage, the heat preservation welding stage, and the cooling stage, either by elastic analysis or by plastic analysis. Specifically, (1) in the low-temperature heating stage, the parameters are set according to elastic analysis; (2) in the high-temperature heating stage, the material expands due to heat, and the temperature rises rapidly, which may cause some areas to reach or exceed the yield strength, so the parameters are set according to plastic analysis; (3) in the heat preservation welding stage, the material is kept in a high-temperature liquid phase state, and the material is in an environment where high temperature and stress coexist, so the parameters are set according to plastic analysis; (4) in the high-temperature cooling stage, the stress exceeds the yield strength, so the parameters are set according to plastic analysis; (5) in the low-temperature cooling stage, the temperature drops, the material re-enters the elastic range, and the stress is lower than the yield strength, so the elastic solution is used.

[0080] In some specific applications, the axisymmetric finite element model of the transient liquid phase diffusion welded butt joint in elastic analysis uses E (Young's modulus), Poisson's ratio μ, and linear thermal expansion coefficient α. In plastic analysis, the axisymmetric finite element model of the transient liquid phase diffusion welded butt joint uses the elastic modulus E (Young's modulus), Poisson's ratio μ, linear thermal expansion coefficient α, and yield strength σ. 0.2 And the material creep parameter ε.

[0081] S300: Based on the hierarchical order, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the size data to create a finite element network;

[0082] The greater the distance between the level and the connection, the larger the size of the finite element of the corresponding level.

[0083] It should be noted that the levels are numbered upwards starting from the middle level, and the specifications of the finite elements include shape and size. In some embodiments, based on the order of the levels, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the size data, which may include the following steps: when the level number is less than or equal to a second preset level number or the level is the last, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a square; when the level number is greater than the second preset level number and the level is not the last, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a triangle; based on a preset second size relationship, the size of the finite element in each level is determined according to the size data.

[0084] In some embodiments, the dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, where the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter. Based on a preset second dimensional relationship, determining the dimensions of the finite elements in each level according to the dimensional data may include the following steps: when the level number is less than or equal to a second preset level number, the side length of the square finite element is determined based on one-twentieth of the intermediate layer thickness; when the level number is greater than the second preset level number and the level is not the last, the side length of the triangular finite element is determined based on one-twentieth of the intermediate layer thickness combined with a preset integer coefficient and the level number; wherein, the expression for the side length of the triangular finite element is: e = g (i-3) ·s / 20; where e represents the side length of the triangular finite element, i represents the layer number, g represents the integer coefficient, and s represents the thickness of the intermediate layer; when the layer is the last one, the side length of the square finite element is determined according to one-twentieth of the height of the parent material.

[0085] For example, in some specific implementations, the creation of a finite element mesh can be achieved as follows:

[0086] Considering the characteristics of the nodes and the large stress gradient in the narrow region near the interlayer, a gradient mesh with variable dimensions is adopted. In the connection region, the finite element size is selected to ensure at least 20 elements along the layer thickness direction. The finite element shape in rectangles numbered 1, 2, and n is square, while the finite element shape in rectangles numbered 3 to n-1 is triangular. In rectangles numbered 1 and 2, the side length of the square finite element is e = s / 20. In rectangles numbered i = 3 to n-1, the side length e = g in contact with rectangle (i-1) is... (i-3) ·s / 20, the side length e = g that contacts the rectangle at (i+1) (i-2) ·s / 20, g is an integer coefficient function, consistent with step (2). In the rectangle numbered n, the side length of the square finite element is a constant e = d / 20.

[0087] In some specific application scenarios, the material to be joined is divided into n parts, and the size of the finite element gradually increases with the distance away from the joining region (the region of stress and deformation concentration). For example... Figure 3 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of the finite element model after the mesh is constructed according to a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0088] S400. Apply preset constraints and loads to the geometric model of the finite element network to construct the axisymmetric finite element of the mating joint.

[0089] It should be noted that, in some embodiments, the preset constraints and loads on the geometric model for creating the finite element network may include the following steps: setting constraints on the geometric model based on the movement limit of the butt joint in the radial axis direction; setting loads based on the corresponding position of the top end of the parent material in the geometric model.

[0090] For example, in some specific implementations, the constraints and loads of the model can be set as follows:

[0091] In the model, the joint located on the Y-axis (cylindrical axis) is restricted from movement in the X-axis (radial axis) direction to avoid the "micropore" effect. The "micropore" effect is an artificial small hole or gap phenomenon generated in finite element analysis due to improper model constraints. This causes unrealistic local deformation or displacement of the model under stress or thermal stress, resulting in unwanted small holes or voids in or around the weld area. In the axisymmetric simulation of transient liquid phase diffusion welded butt joints, the "micropore" effect will cause significant distortion of the results due to the very small size of the joint interface in the thickness direction. The node on the lower side of the rectangle (numbered 1) (at the middle of the interlayer thickness direction) is restricted from movement in the Y-axis direction, showing the symmetry of the sample relative to the middle of the interlayer thickness. The load on the model is set at the top of the base material; in actual diffusion welding, the load is usually applied through the base material, which is a simulation of actual working conditions. Figure 4 The figure shown is a schematic diagram of the model after setting anchor points and loads according to a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention.

[0092] To explain in detail the principle of the technical solution of the present invention, the overall process of the present invention will be described below with reference to some specific embodiments. It is easy to understand that the following is an explanation of the technical principle of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the present invention.

[0093] First, it should be noted that existing axisymmetric finite element models for welded joints exhibit significant errors when calculating transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joints. This is because the thickness of the intermediate solder layer in a transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joint is much smaller than the thickness of the base material; the intermediate layer thickness is approximately 30-50 micrometers, while the base material thickness is typically over 10 mm. To address the issue caused by this difference in thickness and to achieve satisfactory convergence and accuracy in the finite element model, very small elements are used in the intermediate layer thickness direction, resulting in a large number of these elements. Consequently, obtaining results in the axisymmetric finite element model of transient liquid-phase diffusion welded joints requires a lengthy time, consumes massive computational resources, and sometimes even fails to converge.

[0094] In view of this, the present invention proposes an axisymmetric finite element method for constructing nonlinear transient liquid phase diffusion welded butt joints to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. In some specific application scenarios, the method of the present invention can be implemented as follows:

[0095] A nickel alloy transient liquid phase diffusion welded joint is composed of two cylindrical base materials with a diameter of d = 20 mm and a height of h = 20 mm, and an intermediate layer with different properties from the base materials. A compressive load P = 10 MPa is applied. The diameter of the intermediate layer is d = 20 mm, the thickness is s = 0.01 mm, the relative thickness s / d = 0.001, and the relative height s / h = 0.001 (condition s / h ≤ 0.001).

[0096] (1) A geometric model of a transient liquid-phase diffusion weld joint consisting of two cylinders with diameter d = 20 mm and thickness s = 0.01 mm was constructed. The interlayer relative thickness s / d = 0.001, and the interlayer relative height s / h = 0.001 ≤ 0.001. Since the weld joint is symmetrical with respect to the center of the intermediate layer thickness, a geometric model of the upper half (the upper cylinder and half the thickness of the intermediate layer) was constructed. The geometric model consists of 8 rectangles, with the upper side of the lower rectangle coinciding with the lower side of the upper rectangle. The width of the first, second, and third rectangles is a = d / 2 = 10 mm, and the height is b = s / 2 = 0.005 mm. The rectangles numbered i = 4…7 have a width a… i =d / 2 = 10mm, height is given by formula b i =g (i-3) Calculate using s / 2, where g = 5, b4 = 0.025mm, b5 = 0.125mm, b6 = 0.625mm, and b7 = 3.125mm. The width of rectangle n is a. n =d / 2=10mm, height

[0097] (2) Define the physical and mechanical properties of the connected materials and the interlayer material. Since the thermal load of high-temperature alloy plastic deformation needs to be considered, the required physical and mechanical properties of the base material (CM) and interlayer material (PP) are calculated as follows: Elastic modulus E (Young's modulus) E CM =2×10 11 Pa, E PP =1×10 11 Pa; Poisson's ratio μ CM =0.3, μ PP =0.3; linear thermal expansion coefficient α CM =20×10 -6 α PP =10×10 -6 Yield strength σ 0.2CM =160MPa, σ 0.2PP =80MPa.

[0098] (3) Creating the finite element mesh. Considering the special characteristics of the welded joint and the large stress gradient in the narrow region near the intermediate layer, finite element sizes are nonlinear and vary in size. The finite elements in the first, second, and eighth rectangles are square, while those in the third to seventh rectangles are triangular. The side length of the finite elements in the first and second rectangles is e = s / 20 = 0.0005. Since the side lengths of the finite elements in the first and second rectangles are nonlinear and vary in size, for the third to seventh rectangles, the side length of the finite element in rectangle i that contacts rectangle i-1 is №(i-1): e = g (i-3) ·s / 20, the side length of the finite element element in contact with the rectangle numbered i-1 is №(i+1): e=g (i-2) ·s / 20. Specifically, when g=5, e 2_3 =0.0005mm, e 3_4 =0.0025mm, e 4_5 =0.0125mm, e 5_6 =0.0625mm, e 6_7 =0.3125mm, in rectangle 7, the finite element dimension of the side that contacts rectangle 8 is e. 7_8 =d / 20 = 1mm, the finite element in rectangle 8 is a constant, e8 = d / 20 = 1mm.

[0099] (4) Set constraints and loads on the model. The model joint located on the Y-axis (axis of the cylinder) is constrained in the X-axis (radial axis). The node on the lower side of the first rectangle (the middle of the intermediate layer thickness) is constrained to move in the Y-axis direction, showing the symmetry of the sample relative to the middle of the solder intermediate layer thickness. Apply a load P = 10 MPa at the top.

[0100] To facilitate the demonstration and explanation of the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following supplementary explanation is provided in conjunction with comparative examples:

[0101] The comparative example (an axisymmetric finite element model of existing instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding) is as follows:

[0102] (1) Construct a geometric model of a welded joint consisting of two cylinders with a diameter of d = 20 mm and a thickness of s = 0.01 mm. The relative thickness between the layers is s / d = 0.001, and the relative height between the layers is s / h = 0.001 ≤ 0.001. Due to the symmetry of the welded joint relative to the middle of the solder layer thickness, a geometric model of the upper part (the upper cylinder and half the thickness of the middle layer) is constructed. The geometric model consists of two rectangles, where the upper side of the lower rectangle coincides with the lower side of the upper rectangle. The first rectangle has dimensions: width a = d / 2 = 10 mm, height b = s / 2 = 0.005 mm. The second rectangle has dimensions: width a i =d / 2 = 10mm, height h = 20 - bmm. (See...) Figure 5 )

[0103] (2) The physical and mechanical properties of the connected materials and the intermediate layer materials were set. For comparability, the same physical and mechanical properties as in the example were set. Elastic modulus E (Young's modulus) E CM =2×10 11 Pa, E PP =1×10 11 Pa; Poisson's ratio μ CM =0.3, μ PP =0.3; linear thermal expansion coefficient α CM =20×10 -6 α PP =10×10 -6 Yield strength σ 0.2CM =160MPa, σ 0.2PP =80MPa.

[0104] (3) Create the finite element mesh. The finite element shape in rectangle 1 is triangular, and in rectangle 2 it is a rectangle with an aspect ratio of 1:2, with the finite element extending along the Y-axis. The side dimension of the finite element in rectangle 1 is e = s / 10 = 0.001, and the number of finite elements in the height direction of the intermediate layer is 10. The finite element in rectangle 2 is rectangular with a dimension of e. X =0.001mm, e Y = 0.002 mm. (See) Figure 6 )

[0105] (4) Constrain the node on the lower side of rectangle 1 (the middle of the intermediate layer thickness) to move in the Y-axis direction, showing the symmetry of the sample relative to the exact middle of the intermediate layer thickness, with load P = 10 MPa.

[0106] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the stress change results of the instantaneous liquid phase diffusion weld node in a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the strain (deformation) results of a transient liquid phase diffusion weld node in a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the stress variation results of welded joints using existing technical methods in comparison. Figure 10 The diagram shows the strain (deformation) results of the welded joint using a comparative method from the prior art. It is evident that the stress variation and strain (deformation) results of the embodiments of the present invention and the comparative examples from the prior art are almost identical.

[0107] A comparison of the prior art and the method for constructing an axisymmetric finite element model of a butt weld joint of homogeneous materials proposed in this invention shows that: (1) In the prior art calculation, the computer RAM usage is 61.7 gigabytes; in the present invention calculation, the computer RAM usage is 13.2 gigabytes. (2) In the prior art calculation, the computer physical memory usage is 327.75 gigabytes; in the present invention calculation, the computer physical memory usage is 6.94 gigabytes, a decrease of 47.22 times. (3) In the prior art calculation, the calculation time is 14259 seconds; in the present invention calculation, the computer physical memory usage is 196 seconds, a reduction of 72.75 times. (4) In the prior art calculation, the force convergence value (FCV) = 0.4114, the convergence criterion (Criterion) = 4.507; the displacement convergence value (DCV) = 0.3371E-08, the convergence criterion (Criterion) = 0.2319E-05. When using the method proposed in Work 2, the force convergence value (FCV) is 3.678, and the convergence criterion is 5.256; the displacement convergence value (DCV) is 0.1299E-04, and the convergence criterion is 0.1025E-05. It is evident that the convergence is improved when using the method of this invention for calculation.

[0108] In summary, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: the geometrically symmetrical configuration design ensures the symmetry and consistency of the geometric model during construction, especially when dealing with very thin solder layers, allowing for linear height adjustment to more accurately simulate the distribution and morphology of solder in actual welding nodes. In geometric model or structural design, the integer coefficient function g provides a simple and effective method to control this height change, making the design process more controllable and flexible, thereby improving functionality. During transient liquid phase diffusion welding, the material deforms within a recoverable elastic range at low temperatures, while at high temperatures, the stress exceeds the material's yield strength, the material undergoes permanent deformation, and it exhibits creep behavior at high temperatures. Therefore, current technical parameter settings cannot meet the simulation requirements of transient liquid phase diffusion welding.

[0109] This invention sets the physical and mechanical properties of the base material and intermediate layer materials in stages according to the characteristics of the heating low-temperature stage, heating high-temperature stage, heat preservation welding stage, and cooling low-temperature stage, using both elastic and plastic analysis. This improves the accuracy of the analysis, accurately simulates the behavior of materials under different stress and heating coupling states, and adapts to the needs of complex welding processes. Furthermore, it improves computational efficiency, optimizes the allocation of computational resources, reduces unnecessary computational load, and improves overall simulation efficiency. The intermediate layer and its vicinity in this invention employ small square finite element methods, reducing errors and numerical instabilities caused by mesh distortion in sensitive areas of the intermediate layer. This is suitable for parallel computation, thereby accelerating the computation speed and achieving higher computational efficiency, which is beneficial for obtaining a faster solution speed and ensuring numerical stability.

[0110] The constraint method in the model, which restricts the movement of nodes located on the Y-axis (cylindrical axis) in the X-axis (radial axis), avoids the "micropore" effect that would cause simulation distortion in the instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding simulation.

[0111] The axisymmetric finite element model method for constructing a homogeneous material-to-transient liquid-phase diffusion weld joint proposed in this invention can study the stress-strain state of the weld joint caused by force-thermal coupling, while considering the elastic and plastic behaviors of transient liquid-phase diffusion welding. Compared with existing technologies, this method significantly reduces the demand for computer hardware resources, shortens the computation time, and improves the convergence of calculations while obtaining the same stress change and strain (deformation) results.

[0112] like Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment of the invention also provides an axisymmetric finite element construction device 900 for a mating joint, which may include:

[0113] The first module 901 is used to obtain the dimensional data of the base material and the intermediate layer, and to construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data. The construction object of the geometric model includes half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis. The butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer set at the connection of the two base materials. The geometric model includes multiple pre-divided layers.

[0114] The second module 902 is used to obtain the material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, and to set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties.

[0115] The third module 903 is used to create a finite element network by setting the specifications of the finite elements in each level according to the size data based on the hierarchical order; the greater the distance between the level and the connection, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level.

[0116] The fourth module 904 is used to impose preset constraints and loads on the geometric model for creating the finite element network, thereby constructing the axisymmetric finite element of the mating joint.

[0117] The content of the method embodiments of the present invention is applicable to the device embodiments. The specific functions implemented by the device embodiments are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above methods.

[0118] This invention also provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the aforementioned axisymmetric finite element construction method for the mating joint. This electronic device can be any smart terminal, including tablet computers, in-vehicle computers, etc.

[0119] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this device embodiment. The specific functions implemented by this device embodiment are the same as those of the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved by the above method embodiments.

[0120] Please see Figure 12 , Figure 12 The hardware structure of an electronic device 1000 according to another embodiment is illustrated. The electronic device 1000 includes:

[0121] The processor 1001 can be implemented using a general-purpose CPU (Central Processing Unit), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits, and is used to execute relevant programs to implement the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0122] The memory 1002 can be implemented in the form of read-only memory (ROM), static storage device, dynamic storage device, or random access memory (RAM). The memory 1002 can store the operating system and other applications. When the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this specification are implemented through software or firmware, the relevant program code is stored in the memory 1002 and is called and executed by the processor 1001 to execute the axisymmetric finite element construction method for the docking joint of the present invention.

[0123] Input / output interface 1003 is used to implement information input and output;

[0124] The communication interface 1004 is used to enable communication and interaction between this device and other devices. Communication can be achieved through wired means (such as USB, network cable, etc.) or wireless means (such as mobile network, WIFI, Bluetooth, etc.).

[0125] Bus 1005 transmits information between various components of the device (e.g., processor 1001, memory 1002, input / output interface 1003, and communication interface 1004);

[0126] The processor 1001, memory 1002, input / output interface 1003 and communication interface 1004 are connected to each other within the device via bus 1005.

[0127] This invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described axisymmetric finite element construction method for a mating joint.

[0128] It is understood that the content of the above method embodiments is applicable to this storage medium embodiment. The specific functions implemented in this storage medium embodiment are the same as those in the above method embodiments, and the beneficial effects achieved are also the same as those achieved in the above method embodiments.

[0129] Memory, as a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, can be used to store non-transitory software programs and non-transitory computer-executable programs. Furthermore, memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid-state storage device. In some embodiments, memory may optionally include memory remotely located relative to the processor, and these remote memories can be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the Internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.

[0130] The present invention provides an axisymmetric finite element method, device, electronic device, and storage medium for constructing an axisymmetric finite element method for a butt joint. This method acquires dimensional data of the base material and intermediate layer, and constructs a geometric model based on this data. The geometric model is constructed around the upper half of the butt joint along its axis. The butt joint includes two base materials and an intermediate layer positioned at the connection point of the two base materials. The geometric model includes multiple pre-divided levels. Material properties of the base material and intermediate layer are acquired, and finite element construction parameters are set in stages based on these properties and the geometric model. Based on the order of the levels, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the dimensional data, creating a finite element network. The greater the distance between the level and the connection point, the larger the size of the finite element at that level. Pre-set constraints and loads are applied to the geometric model that creates the finite element network, thus constructing the axisymmetric finite element method for the butt joint. This invention constructs a detailed geometric model by acquiring precise dimensional data of the base material and intermediate layer, focusing on the upper half of the butt joint along its axis. This reduces computational load while maintaining the axisymmetric characteristics of the problem, improving computational efficiency. The pre-divided geometric model incorporates multiple layers to address the simulation accuracy requirements of different regions. By setting finite element sizes based on their distance from the joint, a balance between computational accuracy and efficiency is achieved. Furthermore, the finite element construction parameters are set in stages, taking into account the specific material properties of the base material and intermediate layer, ensuring the accuracy of the simulation results. Finally, by applying pre-defined constraints and loads to the geometric model, an axisymmetric finite element model of the butt joint is successfully constructed, providing a reliable foundation for subsequent mechanical analysis and optimization design. This invention significantly improves the efficiency and accuracy of finite element simulation of butt joints.

[0131] The embodiments described in this invention are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this invention, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this invention. As those skilled in the art will know, with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this invention are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0132] Those skilled in the art will understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention, and may include more or fewer steps than shown, or combine certain steps, or different steps.

[0133] The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention, depending on actual needs.

[0134] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, as well as the functional modules / units in the systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or suitable combinations thereof.

[0135] The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. (if present) in the specification and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0136] It should be understood that in this invention, "at least one (item)" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent three cases: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (item) of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one (item) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0137] In the embodiments provided by this invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the system embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of the units described above is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Furthermore, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces; the indirect coupling or communication connection between systems or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0138] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention, depending on actual needs.

[0139] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional unit.

[0140] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes multiple instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing programs, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0141] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this does not limit the scope of the claims of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention should be within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an axisymmetric finite element joint, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Obtain the dimensional data of the base material and the intermediate layer, and construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data; the construction object of the geometric model includes half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis; the butt joint includes two base materials and the intermediate layer disposed at the connection of the two base materials; the geometric model includes multiple pre-divided layers; Obtain the material properties of the base material and the intermediate layer, and set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties; Based on the order of the levels, the specifications of the finite elements in each level are set according to the size data to create a finite element network; the greater the distance between the level and the connection point, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level; Pre-defined constraints and loads are applied to the geometric model that creates the finite element network to construct the axisymmetric finite element of the mating joint; The mating joint adopts a symmetrical structure; the process of constructing the geometric model based on the dimensional data includes the following steps: Based on the symmetry of the butt joint, half of the upper half of the butt joint along the axis is taken as the construction object of the geometric model; the intermediate layer is instantaneous liquid phase diffusion welding; Based on a preset number of rectangles, the constructed object is divided into multiple layers of rectangles; the layers of the rectangles are numbered upwards starting from the middle layer. Based on a preset first size relationship, the size values ​​of the rectangles in each layer are determined according to the size data, and the geometric model is constructed. The dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, wherein the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter; the dimensional values ​​include rectangle width and rectangle height; the process of determining the dimensional values ​​of each layer of rectangles based on the preset first dimensional relationship and the dimensional data to construct the geometric model includes the following steps: The width of all the rectangles is determined based on half of the diameter; When the number of the level is less than or equal to the first preset level, the height of the corresponding rectangle is determined according to half the thickness of the intermediate layer; When the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number and the layer is not the last, the height of the corresponding rectangle is determined based on half the thickness of the intermediate layer, a preset integer coefficient, and the layer number; wherein, when the layer number is greater than the first preset layer number, the expression for the height of the corresponding rectangle is: b i =g (i-3) ·s / 2; In the formula, i represents the number of the level, b i The rectangle represents the height of the i-th level, g represents the integer coefficient, and s represents the thickness of the intermediate layer; The rectangle height corresponding to the last layer is determined as the sum of the base material height and the intermediate layer thickness minus the rectangle heights corresponding to all preceding layers.

2. The axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a butt joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate layer is a transient liquid phase diffusion weld; the welding stages of the butt joint include a heating stage, a heat preservation welding stage, a high-temperature cooling stage, and a low-temperature cooling stage; the step of setting finite element construction parameters in stages based on the material properties and the geometric model includes the following steps: During the heating stage, the finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model according to elastic analysis; During the thermal insulation welding stage, the finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model according to plasticity analysis. During the high-temperature cooling stage, the finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model according to plasticity analysis. During the low-temperature cooling stage, the finite element construction parameters are set based on the geometric model according to elastic analysis. In the elastic analysis, the finite element construction parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, and linear thermal expansion coefficient; in the plastic analysis, the finite element construction parameters include Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, linear thermal expansion coefficient, yield strength, and material creep parameters.

3. The axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a butt joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hierarchy is numbered upwards from the intermediate layer, and the specifications of the finite element include shape and size; the process of setting the specifications of the finite element in each hierarchy based on the size data includes the following steps: When the number of the level is less than or equal to the second preset level number or the level is the last one, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a square; When the number of the level is greater than the second preset level and the level is not the last, the shape of the finite element in the corresponding level is set to a triangle; Based on a preset second size relationship, the size of the finite element in each of the levels is determined according to the size data.

4. The axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a butt joint according to claim 3, characterized in that, The dimensional data includes diameter, base material height, and intermediate layer thickness, wherein the diameter includes equal base material diameter and intermediate layer diameter; determining the dimensions of the finite element in each layer based on the preset second dimensional relationship and the dimensional data includes the following steps: When the number of the level is less than or equal to the second preset level, the side length of the square finite element is determined according to one-twentieth of the thickness of the intermediate layer; When the layer number is greater than the second preset layer number and the layer is not the last, the side length of the triangular finite element is determined based on one-twentieth of the thickness of the intermediate layer, combined with a preset integer coefficient and the layer number; wherein, the expression for the side length of the triangular finite element is: e= g (i-3) ·s / 20; In the formula, e represents the side length of the triangular finite element, i represents the number of the level, g represents the integer coefficient, and s represents the thickness of the intermediate layer; When the level is the last one, the side length of the square finite element is determined according to one-twentieth of the height of the parent material.

5. The axisymmetric finite element method for constructing a butt joint according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of applying preset constraints and loads to the geometric model that creates the finite element network includes the following steps: The constraints of the geometric model are set based on the movement restrictions of the docking joint in the radial axis direction; The load is set based on the position of the top end of the parent material at the corresponding position in the geometric model.

6. A finite element construction device for a butt joint, characterized in that, The apparatus used in the axisymmetric finite element construction method for the mating joint according to claim 1 includes: The first module is used to acquire the dimensional data of the base material and the intermediate layer, and construct a geometric model based on the dimensional data; the construction object of the geometric model includes half of the upper part of the butt joint along the axis; the butt joint includes two base materials and the intermediate layer disposed at the connection of the two base materials; the geometric model includes multiple pre-divided layers; The second module is used to obtain the material properties of the base material and the intermediate layer, and to set the finite element construction parameters in stages based on the geometric model according to the material properties. The third module is used to create a finite element network by setting the specifications of the finite elements in each level according to the size data based on the order of the levels; the greater the distance between the level and the connection point, the larger the size of the finite element in the corresponding level; The fourth module is used to impose preset constraints and loads on the geometric model that creates the finite element network, thereby constructing the axisymmetric finite element of the mating joint.

7. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.

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