Preparation and application of a friction nanogenerator structure

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of nanogenerators and is concerned with the preparation and application of a novel friction nanogenerator structure. This technology involves coating a transparent electrode on a patterned substrate, then covering the electrode with water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol, curing it, and then peeling it off to form a composite material with a three-dimensional surface texture, which serves as the positive friction layer of the friction nanogenerator. Polydimethylsiloxane is mixed with polytetrafluoroethylene and a curing agent is added. Before curing, the pattern is transferred to one side of the film by nanoimprinting to form a negative friction layer. A PDMS buffer layer is connected to the non-conductive PVA side of the positive friction layer, and the non-patterned side of the negative friction layer is connected to the other side of the PDMS buffer layer, forming a friction nanogenerator. The generator is connected to a battery and a circuit via electrodes, using human activity to generate friction current to store energy. When stationary, the circuit is disconnected, allowing the positive and negative poles of the battery to be connected to the two electrodes of the positive friction layer to generate heat, thereby heating and maintaining human body temperature.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nanogenerators, and more particularly to the preparation and application of a novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of wearable electronics, flexible, transparent, and self-powered electronic devices have become a research hotspot. In particular, integrated systems that can simultaneously achieve energy harvesting and thermal management have broad application prospects in the wearable device field. For example, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have become a research focus in the energy harvesting field in recent years due to their efficient energy conversion capabilities, simple fabrication process, and low cost. TENGs generate electric charge through friction and use the accumulated charge to store energy, thereby providing continuous power for low-power electronic devices.

[0003] However, existing triboelectric nanogenerators face numerous challenges in practical application, particularly in wearable devices, where their flexibility, transparency, and self-powered integration remain unsatisfactory. Traditional triboelectric nanogenerators are often complex and lack the intelligent control capabilities to adapt to environmental changes, such as human motion and rest. Furthermore, triboelectric nanogenerators are typically standalone power generation devices, unable to simultaneously meet the requirements of multiple functions such as energy storage and heat output.

[0004] To meet the growing demand for wearable electronic devices, researchers urgently need to develop a self-powered system that can not only effectively harvest energy but also provide thermal energy in a static state. The key to achieving this goal lies in innovative material design and structural optimization, making the triboelectric nanogenerator not only flexible and transparent, but also able to provide sufficient energy supply in a low-power environment through integrated self-heating function. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This paper proposes a novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure, fabrication, and application, aiming to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Through rational material selection and process optimization, this system provides an integrated system that combines efficient energy harvesting, thermal management, and a comfortable wearing experience. This system not only efficiently generates and stores energy during movement but also provides self-heating when stationary, utilizing stored energy from the battery. This seamlessly switches between these two functions.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure preparation and application, comprising the following steps:

[0007] a. Select the desired graphic substrate;

[0008] b. preparing a transparent conductive film on the patterned substrate;

[0009] c. Covering the transparent conductive film with PVA dissolved in water;

[0010] d. The cured PVA and the transparent electrode are peeled off from the patterned substrate to form a positive friction layer;

[0011] e. Mix PDMS and PTFE in a ratio of 1:1-10:1;

[0012] f. Add 10% curing agent to the stirred PDMS / PTFE mixture;

[0013] g. Coat the PDMS / PTFE mixture with the curing agent on another patterned substrate and perform spin coating to control the film thickness;

[0014] h. A PDMS / PTFE mixture is spin-coated on a patterned substrate to form a negative friction layer, and then a PDMS buffer layer with a curing agent added thereto is coated on the surface with a thickness of 1 μm-1 cm;

[0015] i. After the PDMS buffer layer is solidified, the PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer is peeled off from the patterned substrate;

[0016] j. Assembling the PVA side of the PVA / transparent electrode with the PDMS buffer layer to form a triboelectric nanogenerator with a transparent electrode / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer;

[0017] k. Lead out corresponding electrodes on the positive / negative friction layer;

[0018] 1. Connect the electrodes leading out of the positive / negative friction layer to the battery through the corresponding circuit;

[0019] m. Forming a structural device integrating power generation, charging, discharging and heating. Preferably, the electrolysis-distillation system comprises:

[0020] Electrolytic cell: The cathode uses a platinum electrode doped with 2-5% phosphorus;

[0021] Multi-stage distillation tower: built-in solid / liquid catalyst, tower top temperature 40-60℃, tower bottom temperature 80-95℃;

[0022] Waste heat power generation module: Recovers the waste heat from distillation to power the hydrolysis cell.

[0023] Preferably, the transparent conductive film in step (b) is prepared by spin coating, spray coating, spin spray coating, etc.; the transparent conductive film material can be a single material or a composite of two or more materials, and the composite method can be layer composite or doping composite.

[0024] Preferably, the transparent conductive film material in step (b) is silver nanowire, copper nanowire, carbon nanotube, graphene, or indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0025] Preferably, the PVA in step (c) is dissolved in deionized water according to a certain proportion; the dissolution of PVA in deionized water can be carried out by heating and stirring or ultrasonic cleaning.

[0026] Preferably, the water-soluble PVA in steps (c) and (d) is fully dissolved in deionized water and then evenly covers the side of the patterned substrate with the pattern and the corresponding transparent conductive film.

[0027] Preferably, the PVA solution coating method in step (d) is spin coating, spray coating, or spin spray coating; the thickness of the PVA film is 0.1 nm-10 μm; and the PVA film is cured at room temperature or in an oven at 60°C-80°C.

[0028] Preferably, the PDMS / PTFE mixed solution in step (g) is coated on the pattern side of another patterned substrate; and the thickness of the PDMS / PTFE film is 0.1 nm-10 μm.

[0029] Preferably, the PDMS / PTFE film covered by the PDMS film in step (h) may be in a solidified state or in a liquid film state.

[0030] Preferably, the number of the electrodes drawn out in step (k) is two or more.

[0031] Preferably, the friction nano-power generation self-heating structure can be embedded in clothing, and has the dual functions of generating electricity and storing energy during movement and self-heating when stationary.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0033] This structure integrates friction nanopower generation and self-heating functions. It can not only power wearable electronic devices (such as smart watches, health monitoring equipment, etc.), but also provide warmth when needed, realizing the multifunctional integration of "power generation-energy storage-heating" to meet the diverse needs of users.

[0034] It is suitable for various scenarios such as medical and health fields (such as wearable body temperature monitoring and heating equipment), sports and fitness fields (powering equipment such as sports bracelets and keeping warm during rest), and outdoor work fields (providing energy and warmth for workers in cold environments), and has broad market application prospects.

[0035] It relies on human kinetic energy, a renewable energy source, and the materials can be selected from environmentally friendly polymers (such as polyvinyl alcohol, polydimethylsiloxane, etc.), which reduces the consumption of non-renewable resources and environmental pollution, and is in line with the concept of green energy and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The accompanying drawing is a flow chart of Example 1.

[0037] Figure 2 The accompanying drawing is a flow chart of Example 2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the examples, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. The raw materials, equipment and process parameters involved in the examples can be adjusted according to actual needs, but still fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0039] A novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure preparation and application includes the following steps:

[0040] a. Select the desired graphic substrate;

[0041] b. preparing a transparent conductive film on the patterned substrate;

[0042] c. Covering the transparent conductive film with PVA dissolved in water;

[0043] d. The cured PVA and the transparent electrode are peeled off from the patterned substrate to form a positive friction layer;

[0044] e. Mix PDMS and PTFE in a ratio of 1:1-10:1;

[0045] f. Add 10% curing agent to the stirred PDMS / PTFE mixture;

[0046] g. Coat the PDMS / PTFE mixture with the curing agent on another patterned substrate and perform spin coating to control the film thickness;

[0047] h. A PDMS / PTFE mixture is spin-coated on a patterned substrate to form a negative friction layer, and then a PDMS buffer layer with a curing agent added thereto is coated on the surface with a thickness of 1 μm-1 cm;

[0048] i. After the PDMS buffer layer is solidified, the PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer is peeled off from the patterned substrate;

[0049] j. Assembling the PVA side of the PVA / transparent electrode with the PDMS buffer layer to form a triboelectric nanogenerator with a transparent electrode / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer;

[0050] k. Lead out corresponding electrodes on the positive / negative friction layer;

[0051] 1. Connect the electrodes leading out of the positive / negative friction layer to the battery through the corresponding circuit;

[0052] m. Forming a structural device that integrates power generation, charging, discharging and heating.

[0053] In the present invention, the transparent conductive film in step (b) is prepared by a spin coating method, a spray coating method, a spin-spray coating method, etc. The transparent conductive film material can be a single material or a composite of two or more materials, and the composite method can be a layer composite or a doping composite.

[0054] In the present invention, the transparent conductive film material in step (b) is silver nanowire, copper nanowire, carbon nanotube, graphene, or indium tin oxide (ITO).

[0055] In the present invention, the PVA in step (c) is dissolved in deionized water according to a certain proportion; the dissolution of the PVA in deionized water can be carried out by heating and stirring or ultrasonic cleaning.

[0056] In the present invention, the water-soluble PVA in steps (c) and (d) is fully dissolved in deionized water and then evenly covers the side of the patterned substrate with the pattern and the corresponding transparent conductive film.

[0057] In the present invention, the PVA solution coating method in step (d) is spin coating, spray coating, or spin spray coating; the thickness of the PVA film is 0.1 nm-10 μm; and the PVA film is cured at room temperature or in an oven at 60°C-80°C.

[0058] In the present invention, the PDMS / PTFE mixed solution in step (g) is coated on the pattern side of another patterned substrate; the thickness of the PDMS / PTFE film is 0.1 nm-10 μm.

[0059] In the present invention, the PDMS / PTFE film covered by the PDMS film in step (h) may be in a solidified state or in a liquid film state.

[0060] In the present invention, the number of the electrodes drawn out in step (k) may be two or more.

[0061] In the present invention, the friction nano-power generation self-heating structure can be embedded in clothing, and has the dual functions of generating electricity and storing energy during movement and self-heating when stationary. Specific embodiment 1

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, a novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure preparation and application includes the following steps:

[0064] 1. Select the desired graphic substrate;

[0065] 2. Spin-coat a layer of copper nanowires (CuNWs) onto the patterned substrate;

[0066] 3. PVA dissolved in water (deionized water) at a mass fraction of 1:10 is covered on the transparent conductive film;

[0067] 4. The cured PVA and CuNWs film are peeled off from the patterned substrate to form a positive friction layer;

[0068] 5. Mix PTFE / PDMS at a ratio of 5%;

[0069] 6. Add 10% curing agent to the stirred PDMS / PTFE;

[0070] 7. Spin-coat the PDMS / PTFE mixture with curing agent on another patterned substrate to prepare a 1 μm film thickness, then heat to 80°C and cure after 1 hour.

[0071] 8. A PDMS / PTFE mixture is spin-coated on a patterned substrate to form a negative friction layer, and then a 1.5 μm thick PDMS buffer layer with 10% curing agent is coated on the surface;

[0072] 9. After the PDMS buffer layer is cured by heating to 80°C for 1 hour, the PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer is peeled off from the patterned substrate;

[0073] 10. Assemble the non-conductive PVA side of the CuNWs / PVA transparent electrode with the PDMS buffer layer to form a triboelectric nanogenerator with a CuNWs / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer;

[0074] 11. Two electrodes are drawn out from the positive / negative friction layer;

[0075] 12. Connect the electrodes from the positive / negative friction layer to the battery through the corresponding circuit;

[0076] 13. Form a structural device that integrates power generation, charging, discharging and heating. Specific embodiment 2

[0078] like Figure 2 As shown, a novel triboelectric nanogenerator structure preparation and application includes the following steps:

[0079] 1. Select the desired graphic substrate;

[0080] 2. Spin-coat a layer of copper nanowires (CuNWs) and then a layer of silver nanowires (AgNWs) on a patterned substrate to construct a CuNWs / AgNWs composite transparent conductive film;

[0081] 3. PVA dissolved in water (deionized water) at a mass fraction of 1:10 is covered on the transparent conductive film;

[0082] 4. The cured PVA and CuNWs / AgNWs films are peeled off from the patterned substrate to form a positive friction layer;

[0083] 5. Mix PTFE / PDMS at a ratio of 15%;

[0084] 6. Add 10% curing agent to the stirred PDMS / PTFE;

[0085] 7. Spin-coat the PDMS / PTFE mixture with curing agent on another patterned substrate to prepare a 1.5 μm film thickness, then heat to 80°C and cure after 1.5 hours.

[0086] 8. A PDMS / PTFE mixture is spin-coated on a patterned substrate to form a negative friction layer, and then a 2 μm thick PDMS buffer layer with 10% curing agent is coated on the surface;

[0087] 9. Assemble the non-conductive PVA side of the CuNWs / AgNWs / PVA transparent electrode with the PDMS buffer layer to form a triboelectric nanogenerator with a transparent electrode / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer;

[0088] 10. After the PDMS buffer layer is cured by heating to 80°C for 1.5 hours, the CuNWs / AgNWs / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer is peeled off from the patterned substrate;

[0089] 11. Three electrodes are drawn out from the positive / negative friction layer;

[0090] 12. Connect the electrodes from the positive / negative friction layer to the battery through the corresponding circuit;

[0091] 13. Form a structural device that integrates power generation, charging, discharging and heating.

[0092] The above description is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the disclosed embodiments. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be embodied in the widest possible manner consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator structure, characterized in that The following steps are involved: a. Select the desired graphic substrate; b. preparing a transparent conductive film on the patterned substrate; c. Covering the transparent conductive film with water-soluble PVA; d. The cured PVA and the transparent electrode are peeled off from the patterned substrate to form a positive friction layer; the PVA solution coating method is a spin coating method, a spray coating method, or a spin spray coating method; the thickness of the PVA film is 0.1 nm-10 μm; the PVA film is cured at room temperature or dried in an oven at 60° C.-80° C. e. Mix PDMS and PTFE in a ratio of 1:1-10:1; f. Add 10% curing agent to the stirred PDMS / PTFE mixture; g. Coating a PDMS / PTFE mixture with a curing agent on another patterned substrate and performing spin coating to control the film thickness; the PDMS / PTFE mixture is coated on the pattern side of the other patterned substrate; the thickness of the PDMS / PTFE film is 0.1 nm-10 μm; h. A PDMS / PTFE mixture is spin-coated on a patterned substrate to form a negative friction layer, and then a PDMS buffer layer with a curing agent added thereto is coated on the surface with a thickness of 1 μm-1 cm; i. After the PDMS buffer layer is solidified, the PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer is peeled off from the patterned substrate; j. Assembling the PVA side of the PVA / transparent electrode with the PDMS buffer layer to form a triboelectric nanogenerator with a transparent electrode / PVA positive friction layer-PDMS buffer layer-PDMS / PTFE negative friction layer; k. Lead out corresponding electrodes on the positive / negative friction layer; 1. Connect the electrodes leading out of the positive / negative friction layer to the battery through the corresponding circuit; m. Forming a structural device that integrates power generation, charging, discharging and heating.

2. The method for preparing the triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The preparation method of the transparent conductive film described in step (b) is spin coating, spray coating, and spin spray coating; the transparent conductive film material can be a single material or a composite of two or more materials, and the composite method can be layer composite or doping composite.

3. The method for preparing the triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The transparent conductive film material described in step (b) is silver nanowire, copper nanowire, carbon nanotube, graphene, or indium tin oxide (ITO).

4. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The PVA described in step (c) is dissolved in deionized water according to a certain proportion; the dissolution of the PVA in deionized water can be carried out by heating and stirring or ultrasonic cleaning.

5. The method for preparing the triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that After the water-soluble PVA described in steps (c) and (d) is fully dissolved in deionized water, it is evenly covered on the side of the patterned substrate with the pattern and the corresponding transparent conductive film.

6. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The PDMS / PTFE film covered by the PDMS film in step (h) may be in a solidified state or in a liquid film state.

7. The method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the electrodes drawn out in step (k) may be two or more.

8. An application of a product prepared by the method for preparing a triboelectric nanogenerator structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The friction nano-power generation self-heating structure can be embedded in clothing and has the dual functions of generating electricity and storing energy during movement and self-heating when stationary.

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