Seedling raising method and seedling raising device of extremely endangered plant pinus pumila and using method of seedling raising device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cultivation of wild plants, in particular to a seedling raising method, a seedling raising device and a using method of extremely endangered plant pinus koraiensis, and the seedling raising method comprises the steps of seed collection and treatment, seed preparation and inspection, seed germination acceleration, nursery land selection, seedling cultivation, seedling management, fertilization and the like. The seedling raising container is a specially-designed seedling raising device. The seedling culture device comprises a seedling culture box and a spray irrigation box, a plurality of placement plates are arranged in an inner cavity of the seedling culture box, supporting plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the placement plates, the side walls of the sides, away from the placement plates, of the supporting plates are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the seedling culture box, trays are arranged on the top surfaces of the placement plates, and a plurality of draining holes are formed in the bottom surfaces of the trays. The method can effectively protect endangered plants, enlarge the number of seedlings, and prevent species from going to eradicate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cultivating wild plants, especially extremely endangered wild plants, and specifically to a seedling cultivation method, a seedling cultivation device and a use method of the extremely endangered plant, Pinus scutellariae. Background Art

[0002] The Qiaojia five-needle pine is only distributed in Zhangmuqing, Yangjiawan Village, Baihetan Town, Qiaojia County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, China, and Xujiawan, Fuxing Village, Zhongzhai Township. In 1999, it was listed as a national first-class protected wild plant. In 2012, it was listed as one of the 100 most endangered tree species in the world by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). In 2021, it was again included in the list of national first-class protected wild plants. In the "China Biodiversity Red List-Higher Plants Volume (2020)" released in 2023, it was assessed as critically endangered (CR). Due to its scarcity in the wild, the most effective protection method for Qiaojia five-needle pine is to increase its population through artificial seedling cultivation and return planting to reduce the risk of extinction. Studies have shown that the main reasons for the endangerment of Qiaojia five-needle pine are its small number of effective seeds, seed scale structure that is not conducive to seed shedding, weak seed germination, lack of seedlings and saplings, and poor natural regeneration ability.

[0003] The five-needle pine of Qiaojia is easily infected with damping-off and damping-off during seedling cultivation, which causes the base of the seeds to turn black and rot soon after they emerge from the soil, and the seeds die in large numbers. The humidity and amount of medicine required in each growth cycle are different. When irrigating or spraying the seedlings with medicine, the existing traditional seedling boxes need to take out the seedling trays one by one for sprinkler irrigation. Although the effect of sprinkler irrigation can be achieved, each sprinkler irrigation process easily causes the seedlings to shake during the removal and placement process, thereby increasing the probability of the seedlings breaking from the roots. In addition, frequent opening of the sealed door of the seedling box will cause the temperature difference inside the seedling box to change too much, which is not conducive to the growth of the seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a seedling raising method, a seedling raising device and a use method of an extremely endangered plant, Pinus sylvestris. The seedling raising device and the use method can ensure that each time a seedling tray is taken out and placed, the force is the same and slow, thereby reducing the breakage of seedlings caused by shaking.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A method for raising seedlings of an extremely endangered plant, Pinus scutellariae, comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Seed collection and processing

[0008] (1) Seed collection

[0009] From January to February, select individuals of Pinus squamata with good growth status in the wild and collect them when the pine cones change from greenish - blue to white - grayish - brown and the scales show signs of cracking.

[0010] (2) Seed conditioning

[0011] Place the pine cones in a dry and well - ventilated winnowing basket for 15d - 30d. After the scales crack significantly, shake out the seeds by hitting two pine cones against each other, air - dry them, and remove impurities.

[0012] (3) Seed quality inspection

[0013] The grading of seed quality inspection shall comply with the regulations on Pinus bungeana seeds in GB7908 - 1999.

[0014] (4) Seed germination acceleration

[0015] Use warm water with an initial temperature of 35℃ - 45℃ to soak the seeds for 10h - 12h for germination acceleration.

[0016] S2: Nursery site selection

[0017] (1) Climatic conditions

[0018] The altitude range is 1500m - 2500m, and the temperature is 15℃ - 25℃.

[0019] (2) Plot selection

[0020] Select sandy loam plots with good sunlight, slightly higher terrain, and good drainage, irrigation, and waterlogging prevention conditions.

[0021] S3: Seedling cultivation

[0022] (1) Seedbed preparation

[0023] Level the plot, and the width of the seedbed surface is 1m - 1.2m.

[0024] (2) Seedling - raising substrate

[0025] Select one of the following substrates:

[0026] a) Select 90% weathered soil with a particle size of 0.2cm - 0.5cm + 10% perlite, mix them evenly, and disinfect them using the method given in Table 1.

[0027] b) Select 40% - 50% peat soil + 10% perlite + 20% - 30% kanuma soil + 20% - 30% coir pith with a particle size of 0.2cm - 0.5cm, and mix them evenly.

[0028] S4: Seedling raising

[0029] (1) The seedling-raising containers are seedling-raising devices or nutrient bags. The seedling-raising boxes of the seedling-raising devices are used in combination with seedling trays; the diameter of the nutrient bags is 6.5 cm to 12 cm; the substrate is filled into the seedling trays or nutrient bags, slightly compacted, arranged and placed on the seedbed for standby, and the temperature and humidity of seedling raising are monitored through the seedling-raising boxes;

[0030] (2) Sowing

[0031] The sowing quantity per planting hole of each seedling tray is 1 to 2 seeds, and the sowing depth of the seedling-raising containers is 1 cm to 2 cm. Select the morning of March to April for seed sowing when the temperature is 13 - 17 °C;

[0032] S5: Seedling stage management

[0033] (1) Water management

[0034] After sowing, water thoroughly in time to keep the substrate moist; the time and amount of watering: in dry weather, water once every 3 to 5 days, choose before 10 am for watering, and water thoroughly at one time. Reduce watering in rainy weather;

[0035] (2) Pest and disease control

[0036] The main diseases in the seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, damping-off of pine seedlings or damping-off disease. The control of seedling stage diseases adopts the method in Table 2. The germinated seedlings are covered with a shading net to prevent damage by birds and beasts;

[0037] (3) Fertilization

[0038] One to two months after transplanting, spray an aqueous solution of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with a concentration of 0.1% - 0.2%, or spray an aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 0.1% - 0.2%. Each spraying interval is 15 to 30 days, and they can be applied alternately;

[0039] S5: Seedling outplanting

[0040] The outplanted seedlings are two-year-old seedlings, with a seedling height of 18 cm to 25 cm and a ground diameter > 0.6 cm for outplanting.

[0041] A seedling-raising device for the critically endangered plant Pinus squamata X. W. Li, comprising a seedling-raising box and a sprinkler box. A rectangular groove is opened on the right side wall of the seedling-raising box. The seedling-raising box and the sprinkler box are communicated through the rectangular groove. A plurality of placing plates are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling-raising box. Support plates are fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the placing plates respectively. The side walls of the support plates away from the placing plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the seedling-raising box. Trays are arranged on the top surfaces of the placing plates. A plurality of water drainage holes are opened on the bottom surface of the trays;

[0042] Two lifting components are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling-raising box. A cross beam is assembled between the two lifting components. An installation plate is assembled on the top surface of the cross beam. A transfer component is arranged on the side wall of the installation plate;

[0043] Two medicine boxes are fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkler box. A sprinkler assembly is arranged between the two medicine boxes on the top surface of the sprinkler box. The left side wall of the seedling raising box is open, and a sealing door is assembled on the left side wall of the seedling raising box.

[0044] Support rods are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the tray near the four corners. Two limiting grooves are symmetrically formed in the front and rear of the top surface of the placement plate, and the support rods are adapted to the limiting grooves.

[0045] The lifting assembly includes electric slide rails fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling raising box. A slider is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail, and both ends of the cross beam are fixedly connected to the sliders on both sides.

[0046] The transfer assembly includes an electric push rod fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate. The output end of the electric push rod penetrates through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to a connecting plate. At least three support plates are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate. A motor is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cross beam, and the output end of the motor penetrates through the cross beam and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate.

[0047] The sprinkler assembly includes a water pump fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkler box. The water inlet end of the water pump is communicated with the medicine box. A diversion pipe is fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkler box. One end of the diversion pipe is fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the water pump. The other end of the diversion pipe penetrates through the sprinkler box and is fixedly connected to a hollow plate. A plurality of spray heads are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hollow plate.

[0048] The top surface of the medicine box is open, a cover plate is arranged on the top surface of the medicine box, and a handle is fixedly connected to the top surface of the cover plate.

[0049] A control valve is assembled at the connection between the diversion pipe and the water inlet end of the water pump.

[0050] A sewage discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the sprinkler box near the bottom surface, and a valve is installed on the side wall of the sewage discharge pipe.

[0051] A method for using a seedling raising device for the critically endangered plant Pinus squamata X. W. Li includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: First, place the sown seedling trays in the tray in sequence, and then close the sealing door to complete the placement of the seedling trays.

[0053] S2: When it is necessary to irrigate or spray medicine on the seedling trays, first start the electric slide rail to drive the slider to move. The slider drives the transfer assembly to lift through the cross beam. When the transfer assembly lifts to the appropriate height, drive the electric push rod to drive the support plate to insert into the gap between the placement plate and the tray.

[0054] S3: Then the electric slide rail rises a short distance, thereby driving the support rod to leave the limit groove, and then the electric push rod is reset to pull the tray out of the placement plate, and then the electric slide rail drives the transfer assembly and the tray to descend, so that the tray and the rectangular groove are in a relative position, and then the motor is started to drive the transfer assembly to rotate 180° as a whole through the mounting plate, so that the tray passes through the rectangular groove and enters the sprinkler box;

[0055] S4: Then, the irrigation water flow or the medicine is selected according to the irrigation demand of the seedlings, and the connection state between the guide pipe and the medicine box is controlled by the control valve, and then the water pump is started, and the water pump transports the liquid in one of the medicine boxes into the hollow plate and sprays it out from the nozzle to treat the seedling tray in the tray with the irrigation water flow or the medicine;

[0056] S5: After the previous step is completed, the electric push rod resets the tray back to the seedling box through the rectangular groove, and the motor drives the transfer assembly to rotate 180° in the opposite direction to reset. After the electric slide rail drives the tray to rise and fall to the corresponding height, the electric push rod sends the tray back to the placement board.

[0057] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are:

[0058] The seedling raising method, seedling raising device and use method of the critically endangered plant P. sylvatica L. proposed in the present invention innovate the seedling raising measures of the critically endangered plant P. sylvatica L., provide technical support for the scientific research and ex situ protection, population return and other rescue protection work of P. sylvatica L., and are conducive to ensuring the safety of national biodiversity resources. In addition, through the specially designed unique seedling raising device and use method, the mutual cooperation between the seedling raising box, the sprinkler box, the tray, the lifting assembly and the transfer assembly, the seedling raising tray is automatically taken out and placed, so that each time the seedling raising tray is taken out and placed, the same slow force can be applied, which can reduce the breakage of seedlings caused by shaking; and when the seedlings are irrigated or sprayed with pesticides, they are all inside the box, which can reduce the problem of large temperature differences, thereby ensuring the growth of the seedlings. The present invention provides technical support for the sustainable development and utilization of seedling resources for the cultivation of P. sylvatica L., and achieves economic benefits, environmental benefits, social benefits and ecological benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 is a stereogram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tray and a placement plate in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting component in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the transfer component in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0065] In the attached drawings, the list of components represented by each label is as follows:

[0066] 1. Seedling raising box; 2. Sprinkler irrigation box; 3. Placing plate; 4. Support plate; 5. Tray; 6. Support rod; 7. Limiting groove; 8. Rectangular groove; 9. Electric slide rail; 10. Slide block; 11. Cross beam; 12. Electric push rod; 13. Mounting plate; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Supporting plate; 16. Motor; 17. Sealed door; 18. Medicine box; 19. Diversion pipe; 20. Water pump; 21. Control valve; 22. Sewage pipe; 23. Cover plate; 24. Hollow plate; 25. Sprinkler head. Detailed implementation manners

[0067] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific implementation manners of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the present invention.

[0068] Embodiment 1:

[0069] This embodiment provides a seedling raising technology for Pinus squamata, an extremely endangered plant, and the steps are as follows:

[0070] 1. Scope

[0071] The technology of this application stipulates the technical requirements for the collection and treatment of Pinus squamata seeds, the selection of nursery land, the cultivation of seedlings, the outplanting of seedlings, etc., and is applicable to the seedling raising of Pinus squamata.

[0072] 2. Normative reference documents

[0073] The following normative reference documents, only the version corresponding to the date is applicable to the technology of this application for those with a date; for reference documents without a date, the latest version (including all amendments) is applicable to the technology of this application. GB 7908-1999 Quality grading of forest tree seeds, GB10016-1988 Storage of forest tree seeds.

[0074] 3. Terms and definitions

[0075] The following terms and definitions are applicable to the technology of this application.

[0076] 3.1 Pinus squamata A tree of the genus Pinus in the family Pinaceae, with a height of up to 30m, belonging to a national first-class protected wild plant and a wild plant with an extremely small population.

[0077] 3.2 Plant Species with Extremely Small Populations Wild plants with narrow or discontinuous distribution areas, which have been restricted by their own factors and interfered by external factors for a long time, showing population degradation and continuous reduction in quantity. Both the population and individual numbers are extremely small, already below the minimum viable population of the stable survival limit, and are on the verge of extinction at any time.

[0078] 3.3 Original Population Also known as the original population in the place of origin or the primitive population, it refers to the population growing naturally in the wild in the place of origin, rather than the population growing in the wild reconstructed artificially through ex situ conservation or reintroduction.

[0079] 4. Seed Collection and Treatment

[0080] 4.1 Seed Collection

[0081] From January to February, select individuals of Pinus squamata with good growth status in the wild, and collect them when the pinecones change from greenish - blue to white - grayish - brown and the scales show signs of cracking; it is advisable to collect from the original population.

[0082] 4.2 Seed Processing

[0083] Put the pinecones in a dry and ventilated winnowing basket for 15 - 30 days. After the scales are significantly cracked, shake out the seeds by hitting two pinecones against each other, air - dry them, and remove impurities.

[0084] 4.3 Seed Quality Inspection

[0085] The grading of seed quality inspection shall be carried out in accordance with the regulations on Pinus bungeana seeds in GB7908 - 1999.

[0086] 4.5 Seed Germination Acceleration

[0087] Seed soaking: Use warm water with an initial temperature of 35℃ - 45℃ to soak the seeds for 10 - 12 hours.

[0088] 5. Nursery Site Selection

[0089] 5.1 Climatic Conditions The altitude range is 1500m - 2500m, and the temperature is 15℃ - 25℃.

[0090] 5.2 Plot Selection It is advisable to select plots with sandy loam soil, good lighting, slightly higher terrain, and good drainage, irrigation and waterlogging prevention conditions.

[0091] 6. Seedling Cultivation

[0092] 6.1 Seedbed Preparation

[0093] Level the plot, and the width of the seedbed surface should be 1m - 1.2m.

[0094] 6.2 Seedling-raising substrate

[0095] One of the following substrates can be selected:

[0096] a) Select 90% weathered soil (particle size preferably: 0.2 cm - 0.5 cm) + 10% perlite, mix well and disinfect using the method given in Table 1.

[0097] b) Select 40% - 50% peat soil (particle size preferably: 0.2 cm - 0.5 cm) + 10% perlite + 20% - 30% Kanuma soil + 20% - 30% coir pith, and mix well.

[0098] Table 1 Soil disinfection method

[0099]

[0100] 6.3 Seedling-raising container

[0101] For the seedling-raising container, select a specially designed seedling-raising device. Among them, the seedling box is used in combination with the seedling tray, or select a nutrient bag with a diameter of 6.5 cm - 12 cm.

[0102] 6.4 Substrate filling

[0103] Fill the substrate into the seedling tray or the nutrient bag. After slightly compacting, arrange and place them on the seedbed for standby. Monitor the temperature and humidity of seedling raising through the seedling box.

[0104] 6.5 Sowing

[0105] The sowing quantity for each seedling-raising container is 1 - 2 seeds. The sowing depth is 1 cm - 2 cm. It is advisable to select the morning of March - April, and conduct seed sowing when the temperature is 13 - 17 °C.

[0106] 6.6 Seedling stage management

[0107] 6.6.1 Water management

[0108] After sowing, water thoroughly in time to keep the substrate moist. The time and amount of watering: In dry weather, water once every 3 - 5 days. The watering time is preferably before 10 am, and water thoroughly at one time. Reduce watering in rainy weather.

[0109] 6.6.2 Pest and disease control

[0110] The main diseases in the seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, damping-off of pine seedlings or Rhizoctonia solani. No other diseases and pests are found. For the control of seedling stage diseases, refer to Table A.1 in Appendix A, the control methods for seedling stage diseases. The germinated seedlings are covered with a shading net to prevent damage by birds and beasts.

[0111] 6.6.3 Fertilization

[0112] About 1 to 2 months after transplantation, spray an aqueous solution of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%, or spray an aqueous solution of potassium dihydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 0.1% to 0.2%. Each application is spaced 15d to 30d apart, and they can be applied alternately.

[0113] 7. Seedling outplanting

[0114] The outplanted seedlings should preferably be two-year-old seedlings, with a seedling height of 18 cm to 25 cm and a ground diameter > 0.6 cm, having strong growth vigor and high survival rate.

[0115] The methods for controlling seedling diseases are shown in Table 2.

[0116] Table 2 Methods for controlling seedling diseases

[0117]

[0118] Example 2:

[0119] As Figures 1 - 6 shown, a breeding device for the critically endangered plant Pinus squamata X. W. Li includes a breeding box 1 and a sprinkler box 2. A rectangular groove 8 is formed on the right side wall of the breeding box 1, and the breeding box 1 and the sprinkler box 2 are communicated through the rectangular groove 8. A plurality of placing plates 3 are arranged in the inner cavity of the breeding box 1. Support plates 4 are respectively fixedly connected to the front and rear side walls of the placing plate 3, and the side walls of the support plates 4 far away from the placing plate 3 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the breeding box 1. Trays 5 are arranged on the top surfaces of the placing plates 3, and a plurality of water drainage holes are formed on the bottom surface of the trays 5; by providing the water drainage holes, it is beneficial to discharge the excess water flow when spraying the breeding trays, effectively preventing the water flow from gathering in the soil and avoiding the phenomenon of root rot of the seedlings due to excessive humidity.

[0120] Two lifting components are arranged in the inner cavity of the breeding box 1. A cross beam 11 is assembled between the two lifting components, and a mounting plate 13 is assembled on the top surface of the cross beam 11. A transfer component is arranged on the side wall of the mounting plate 13.

[0121] Two medicine boxes 18 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkler box 2. A sprinkler component is arranged between the two medicine boxes 18 on the top surface of the sprinkler box 2. The left side wall of the breeding box 1 is open, and a sealing door 17 is assembled on the left side wall of the breeding box 1. Among them, the internal temperature and humidity of the breeding box 1 can both be controlled by the existing technology.

[0122] Support rods 6 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the tray 5 near the four corners. Two limiting grooves 7 are symmetrically formed on the front and rear of the top surface of the placing plate 3, and the support rods 6 are adapted to the limiting grooves 7. Among them, the height of the support rods 6 is greater than the depth of the limiting grooves 7. Therefore, when the tray 5 is placed on the placing plate 3, there is a certain gap between the placing plate 3 and the tray 5, which facilitates the insertion of the pallet 15 to take out the tray 5. In addition, the seedling-raising tray is placed in the tray 5 to play a supporting role. Traditional seedling-raising trays are mostly made of soft plastics, including polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, etc. The full development of the seedling roots in the holes of the seedling-raising tray can effectively ensure that the seedlings will not shake excessively or fall out when the tray 5 moves or turns.

[0123] As Figure 2 shown, the lifting assembly includes electric slide rails 9 fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling-raising box 1. A slider 10 is slidably connected to the side wall of the electric slide rail 9. Both ends of the cross beam 11 are fixedly connected to the sliders 10 on both sides. Among them, the cooperation between the electric slide rail 9 and the slider 10 is used to drive the transfer assembly to lift, which facilitates the transfer of the seedling-raising tray and the irrigation treatment by using the transfer assembly. And the electric slide rail 9 and the slider 10 belong to the existing conventional technologies, and their principles will not be described in detail in this application.

[0124] In this solution, the seedling-raising tray is taken out for automatic irrigation or spraying agent treatment. The transfer assembly includes an electric push rod 12 fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 13. The output end of the electric push rod 12 penetrates through the mounting plate 13 and is fixedly connected to a connecting plate 14. At least three pallets 15 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the connecting plate 14. A motor 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the cross beam 11. The output end of the motor 16 penetrates through the cross beam 11 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 13. Taking automatic measures to take out and place the seedling-raising tray makes the force of taking out and placing the seedling-raising tray the same and slow each time, which can reduce the breakage phenomenon of the seedlings caused by shaking. Using this method omits the steps of manual irrigation treatment, so that the irrigation amount and time can be kept constant each time.

[0125] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the sprinkler irrigation assembly includes a water pump 20 fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkler irrigation box 2. The water inlet end of the water pump 20 is communicated with the medicine box 18. A diversion pipe 19 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkler irrigation box 2. One end of the diversion pipe 19 is fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the water pump 20, and the other end of the diversion pipe 19 penetrates through the sprinkler irrigation box 2 and is fixedly connected to a hollow plate 24. A plurality of nozzles 25 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hollow plate 24.

[0126] Specifically, when irrigating or spraying pesticides on a single tray 5 at a time, in order to avoid the excess water in the soil dripping downward after treatment and affecting the growth of the seedlings on the lower side, therefore, after the tray 5 and the seedling tray are sprayed in the sprinkler box 2, the tray 5 can be made to stay in the sprinkler box 2 for 5 - 20 minutes through delay control to drain the excess water in the seedling tray, so as to avoid the impact of the dripping water on the seedlings on the lower side after placing the tray 5 on the placement board 3, thereby improving the treatment effect.

[0127] As shown in the figure, the top surface of the medicine box 18 is open, and a cover plate 23 is arranged on the top surface of the medicine box 18, and a handle is fixedly connected to the top surface of the cover plate 23. One of the two medicine boxes 18 is a water tank for irrigation to maintain humidity, and on the other hand, it is a medicine box for spraying pesticides on the seedlings. By setting the cover plate 23, it is convenient to pour water or pesticides into the medicine box 18. At the same time, during use, it is also convenient for the medicine box 18 to be in a sealed state to avoid being contaminated and prevent the spread of peculiar smells.

[0128] As Figure 3 shown, a control valve 21 is assembled at the connection between the diversion pipe 19 and the water inlet end of the water pump 20. When it is necessary to spray clean water on the seedling tray, turning the control valve 21 to the left can connect the diversion pipe 19 with the water tank. When it is necessary to spray pesticides on the seedling tray, turning the control valve 21 to the right can connect the diversion pipe 19 with the medicine box.

[0129] A sewage discharge pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the sprinkler box 2 near the bottom surface, and a valve is installed on the side wall of the sewage discharge pipe 22. When there is a lot of residual sewage at the bottom of the sprinkler box 2, it is convenient to discharge the sewage through the sewage discharge pipe 22 to prevent mildew in the sprinkler box 2 and affect the growth of the seedlings.

[0130] Embodiment 3:

[0131] A method for using a breeding device for the critically endangered plant Pinus squamata X. W. Li includes the following steps:

[0132] S1: First, place the sown seedling trays in the tray 5 in sequence, and then close the sealing door 17 to complete the placement of the seedling trays;

[0133] S2: When it is necessary to irrigate or spray pesticides on the seedling trays, first start the electric slide rail 9 to drive the slider 10 to move. The slider 10 drives the transfer assembly to lift and lower through the cross beam 11. When the transfer assembly is lifted and lowered to an appropriate height, drive the electric push rod 12 to drive the support plate 15 to insert into the gap between the placement board 3 and the tray 5;

[0134] S3: Then, the electric slide rail 9 rises a short distance, driving the support rod 6 out of the limit slot 7. Then, the electric push rod 12 resets, pulling out the tray 5 from the placement plate 3. Next, the electric slide rail 9 drives the transfer assembly and the tray 5 to descend, positioning the tray 5 opposite the rectangular slot 8. Then, start the motor 16 to drive the entire transfer assembly to rotate 180° through the mounting plate 13, enabling the tray 5 to enter the sprinkler box 2 through the rectangular slot 8;

[0135] S4: After that, select the sprinkler water flow or agent according to the sprinkler requirements of the seedlings, and control the connection state of the diversion pipe 19 and the medicine box 18 through the control valve 21. Then, start the water pump 20. The water pump 20 transports the liquid in one of the medicine boxes 18 into the hollow plate 24 and sprays it out from the nozzle 25 to irrigate or spray the agent on the seedling trays in the tray 5;

[0136] S5: After the above step is completed, the electric push rod 12 resets the tray 5 back to the seedling box 1 through the rectangular slot 8. The motor 16 drives the entire transfer assembly to rotate 180° in the reverse direction to reset. After the electric slide rail 9 drives the tray to rise and fall to the corresponding height, the tray is sent back to the placement plate through the electric push rod, completing the irrigation or spraying agent treatment.

[0137] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices, and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention are implemented according to the conventional means in the art without special instructions and limitations.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus scapulifolia, characterized in that The steps include: S1: Seed collection and processing (1) Seed collection From January to February, select the individuals of Qiaojia five-needle pine in good growth state in the wild, and collect them when the pine cones change from green to white-gray-brown and the scales show signs of cracking; (2) Seed modulation Place the pine cones in a dry and ventilated place at a certain distance from the ground for 15 to 30 days. After the scales are obviously cracked, use two pine cones to hit each other to shake out the seeds, dry them in the shade, and remove impurities. (3) Seed quality inspection Seed quality inspection and grading shall comply with the provisions of GB7908-1999 on white pine seeds; (4) Seed germination Use warm water with an initial temperature of 35℃ to 45℃ to soak the seeds for 10h to 12h for germination; S2: Site selection (1) Climate conditions Altitude range: 1500m~2500m, temperature: 15℃~25℃; (2) Plot selection Choose a plot with sandy loam, good sunlight, slightly higher ground, and good drainage, irrigation and waterlogging prevention conditions; S3: Seedling cultivation (1) Seedbed preparation Level the plot, with a bed width of 1m to 1.2m; (2) Seedling culture medium Select one of the following matrices: a) Select 90% weathered soil + 10% perlite with a particle size of 0.2cm to 0.5cm, mix well and disinfect using the method given in Table 1; b) Select 40% to 50% peat soil + 10% perlite + 20% to 30% Kanuma soil + 20% to 30% coconut bran with a particle size of 0.2cm to 0.5cm and mix well; S4: Seedling cultivation (1) The seedling container uses a seedling device or a nutrient bag. The seedling box of the seedling device is used with a seedling tray. The diameter of the nutrient bag is 6.5 cm to 12 cm. The substrate is filled into the seedling tray or nutrient bag, compacted and arranged on the seedling bed for standby use. The seedling temperature and humidity are monitored through the seedling box. (2) Sowing The number of seeds sown in each seedling tray planting hole is 1 to 2 seeds, and the sowing depth of the seedling container is 1 cm to 2 cm. The seeds are sown in the morning from March to April when the temperature is 13 to 17 degrees Celsius; S5: Seedling Management (1) Water management Water thoroughly after sowing to keep the substrate moist; watering time and amount: in dry weather, water once every 3-5 days, before 10 am, water thoroughly once, and reduce watering in rainy weather; (2) Pest and disease control The main diseases in the seedling stage are stem and leaf rot, pine seedling damping-off or damping-off. The seedling disease prevention and control methods in Table 2 are adopted. The sprouted seedlings are covered with shade nets to prevent damage by birds and animals. (3) Fertilization One to two months after transplanting, spray 0.1% to 0.2% potassium sulfate compound fertilizer aqueous solution or 0.1% to 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, each time at intervals of 15 to 30 days, and can be applied alternately; S5: Seedlings out Choose two-year-old seedlings for transplanting, with a seedling height of 18cm to 25cm and a ground diameter of >0.6cm.

2. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling raising device described in step S4 comprises a seedling raising box (1), wherein the seedling raising box (1) is connected to the sprinkler box (2) through a rectangular groove (8) on the right side wall, and a plurality of placement plates (3) are arranged in the inner cavity of the seedling raising box (1) along the longitudinal direction, and each layer of placement plates (3) is respectively fixed on a support plate (4), and the side ends of the support plates (4) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the seedling raising box (1), and trays (5) are arranged above the placement plates (3), and a plurality of drainage holes are evenly opened on the trays (5); The inner cavity of the seedling raising box (1) is provided with two lifting assemblies, a crossbeam (11) is installed between the two lifting assemblies, a mounting plate (13) is installed on the top surface of the crossbeam (11), and a transfer assembly is provided on the side wall of the mounting plate (13); The top surface of the sprinkler box (2) is fixedly connected to two medicine boxes (18); the top surface of the sprinkler box (2) is provided with a sprinkler assembly located between the two medicine boxes (18); the left side wall of the seedling raising box (1) is provided with an opening; the left side wall of the seedling raising box (1) is provided with a sealing door (17).

3. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the tray (5) is fixedly connected to support rods (6) near the four corners, and the top surface of the placement plate (3) is symmetrically provided with two limit grooves (7) in the front and rear directions, and the support rods (6) are adapted to the limit grooves (7).

4. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises an electric slide rail (9) fixedly connected to the front and rear inner walls of the seedling box (1), the electric slide rail (9) being slidably connected to a slider (10), and the two ends of the crossbeam (11) are respectively fixedly connected to the sliders (10) on both sides.

5. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armandii according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transfer assembly comprises an electric push rod (12) fixedly connected to a side wall of a mounting plate (13); an output end of the electric push rod (12) passes through the mounting plate (13) and a connecting plate (14) is fixedly connected to the end face; at least three supporting plates (15) are fixedly connected to the other side wall of the connecting plate (14); and a bottom surface of the mounting plate (13) is fixedly connected to an output end of a motor (16), and the motor (16) is fixedly connected to the crossbeam (11).

6. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sprinkler assembly comprises a water pump (20) fixedly connected to the top surface of the sprinkler box (2), the water inlet end of the water pump (20) being connected to the medicine box (18), a flow guide pipe (19) being fixedly installed on the top surface of the sprinkler box (2), one end of the flow guide pipe (19) being fixedly connected to the water outlet end of the water pump (20), the other end of the flow guide pipe (19) passing through the sprinkler box (2) and being connected to a hollow plate (24) fixedly connected below, and a plurality of nozzles (25) being fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the hollow plate (24).

7. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top opening of the medicine box (18) is provided with a cover plate (23) with a handle.

8. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: A control valve (21) is installed at the connection between the flow guide pipe (19) and the water inlet end of the water pump (20).

9. The method for raising seedlings of the critically endangered plant Pinus armeniacaefolia according to claim 2, characterized in that: A sewage discharge pipe (22) equipped with a valve is fixedly connected to the right side wall of the sprinkler tank (2) near the bottom surface.

10. A method for using the critically endangered plant Pinus truncatula seedling raising device as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: firstly, the seeded seedling trays are placed in the tray (5) in sequence, and then the sealing door (17) is closed to complete the placement of the seedling trays; S2: When it is necessary to irrigate or spray the seedling tray, the electric slide rail (9) is first started to drive the slider (10) and the crossbeam (11) to move up and down. When the slider (10) and the crossbeam (11) are lifted to a corresponding height, the electric push rod (12) is driven to drive the support plate (15) to be inserted into the gap between the placement plate (3) and the tray (5); S3: the electric slide rail (9) rises a short distance so that the support rod (6) is separated from the limit groove (7), the electric push rod (12) is reset and the tray (5) is pulled out from the placement plate (3), and then the electric slide rail (9) lifts the transfer assembly and the tray (5) until the tray (5) and the rectangular groove (8) are in a relative position, the start motor (16) drives the transfer assembly to rotate 180 degrees as a whole through the mounting plate (13), and the electric push rod (12) sends the tray (5) through the rectangular groove (8) into the sprinkler box (2); S4: selecting a sprinkler water flow or a medicine according to the sprinkler irrigation requirements of the seedlings, selecting the connection state between the guide pipe (19) and the medicine box (18) through the control valve (21), and then starting the water pump (20), so that the water pump (20) transports the liquid in one of the medicine boxes (18) to the hollow plate (24) and sprays it from the nozzle (25) to the seedling tray in the tray (5) for treatment; S5: After the previous step is completed, the electric push rod (12) resets the tray (5) back to the seedling box through the rectangular groove (8), and the motor (16) drives the transfer assembly to rotate 180 degrees in the opposite direction to reset. After the electric slide rail (9) drives the tray (5) to rise and fall to the corresponding height, the tray (5) is sent back to the placement plate (3) by the electric push rod (12).

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