A spindle gear disc installation and adjustment method and installation tool

Abstract

The present invention discloses a spindle gear adjustment tool, comprising a support base, a detector, a detection turning tool, and a control device; the support base is used to mount a spindle component; the detection turning tool is mounted on the spindle component, a first precision detection surface is provided on the detection turning tool, and a second precision detection surface is provided on the spindle component; the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. The present invention adjusts the angular position of the fixed gear and the rotating gear of the spindle before the spindle is mounted on the machine tool ram; the present invention also discloses a spindle gear adjustment method, wherein the spindle is adjusted to eliminate the influence of the angular position deviation of the fixed gear and the rotating gear, and to reduce the influence of the gap between the spindle height key and the tool keyway on the angular position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment, and in particular to a spindle gear disc installation and adjustment method and an installation and adjustment tool. Background Art

[0002] A turning-milling machining center is a CNC machine tool that combines turning and milling functions, combining the core technical advantages of both CNC lathes and machining centers. Compared with conventional CNC machining processes, turning-milling machining has outstanding advantages mainly in the following aspects:

[0003] 1. Shorten the product manufacturing process chain and improve production efficiency. A variety of special tools can be installed, and new tool arrangements can be used to reduce tool change time. Milling and turning can complete all or most machining steps in a single clamping operation, significantly shortening the product manufacturing process chain. This not only reduces production auxiliary time caused by clamping changes, but also reduces tooling fixture manufacturing cycle and waiting time, significantly improving production efficiency.

[0004] 2. Reduce the number of clamping times and improve machining accuracy. Reducing the number of clamping times avoids the accumulation of errors caused by positioning reference conversion. At the same time, most turning and milling equipment has online detection capabilities, which can achieve in-situ detection and precision control of key data in the manufacturing process, thereby improving product machining accuracy.

[0005] When a milling-turning machining center is in milling mode, the spindle rotates; when in turning mode, the spindle is locked and immobilized. When switching from milling mode to turning mode, the spindle is locked at the angular position required by the process, for example, at relative zero, 45°, 90°, and 135°. However, any deviation in the position of the turning tool tip at this time will affect machining accuracy. Therefore, a spindle gear adjustment tool is needed for spindle adjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a spindle gear disc installation and adjustment method and an installation and adjustment tooling to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0008] A spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool, comprising: a support seat, a detector, a detection turning tool and a control device;

[0009] The support seat is detachably mounted on the detection platform, and is used to install the spindle component after assembling the gear disc type locking structure;

[0010] The detection turning tool is mounted on the spindle component; a first precision detection surface is provided on the detection turning tool, and a second precision detection surface is provided on the spindle component;

[0011] The control device is connected to the spindle component to control the cutting, broaching and locking actions of the spindle;

[0012] The detector detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface.

[0013] Preferably, the support seat has a connecting surface, the end face of the mounting flange on the front bearing sleeve of the main shaft abuts against the connecting surface of the support seat for positioning, and the mounting flange and the support seat are connected by a fixing component; the second precision detection surface is opened on the outer periphery of the mounting flange and is perpendicular to the end face of the mounting flange.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a moving component, which is installed on the support seat and is used to drive the detector to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft component and parallel to the second precision detection surface.

[0015] Preferably, the moving assembly includes a guide rail and a slider, the guide rail is mounted on the support seat, and the slider slides on the guide rail; the detector is mounted on the slider.

[0016] Preferably, a clearance space is provided on the support seat, the tail end of the core shaft of the main shaft component is located in the clearance space or passes through the clearance space, and the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate of the main shaft and the front bearing sleeve correspond to the openings at both ends of the clearance space, so that the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate and the front bearing sleeve can be extended from the opening of the clearance space away from the fixed gear plate to loosen and lock the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate and the front bearing sleeve.

[0017] A spindle gear disc adjustment method is provided, wherein a spindle gear disc adjustment tool is used to adjust the spindle, and the method comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Connect the spindle component after assembling the gear disc locking structure to the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool;

[0019] S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform;

[0020] S3, obtaining a deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first limit position and the second limit position;

[0021] S4. Adjust the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in a position intermediate between the first extreme position and the second extreme position;

[0022] S5. Remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment tooling.

[0023] Preferably, step S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] S21, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the detection platform;

[0025] S22, loosening the spindle assembly and the spindle gear disc mounting fixture, rotating the spindle assembly according to the parallelism test result of step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision test surface, and locking the spindle assembly and the spindle gear disc mounting fixture;

[0026] S23. Repeat steps S21-S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform.

[0027] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0028] S31, the spindle component is locked at the relative zero position;

[0029] S32, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle component, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to a first limit position, and pulling the tool with the spindle component;

[0030] S33. In the first extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface;

[0031] S34, the spindle component is engaged, the detection turning tool is rotated in the opposite direction of step S32 to the second limit position, and the spindle component is broached;

[0032] S35. In the second extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface;

[0033] S36. According to the detection results of the turning tool at the first extreme position and the second extreme position, obtain the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position.

[0034] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] S41. Loosen the fixing screws that secure the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve. Rotate the sprocket according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a. Tighten the fixing screws that secure the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve.

[0036] S42: After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero position, steps S32-S36 are repeated to obtain a new deviation a; it is determined whether the deviation a is 0. If so, the process proceeds to step S5; if not, the process proceeds to step S43;

[0037] S43, determine whether the fixed sprocket has rotated to the limit, if so, proceed to step S44, if not, repeat steps S41-S42;

[0038] S44, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the core shaft, rotate the rotating toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tighten the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the core shaft;

[0039] S45. After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, steps S32-S36 are repeated.

[0040] Preferably, after step S5, the angular position adjustment of the main shaft relative to the zero position on the whole machine is further performed, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0041] S6. After completing the remaining steps of the spindle assembly and locking structure, the assembled spindle is mounted on the ram and the detector is installed on the machine tool workbench;

[0042] S7, adjust the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the horizontal linear axis direction I of the machine tool;

[0043] S71, the spindle is locked at the relative zero position;

[0044] S72, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to the third limit position, and pulling the tool on the spindle;

[0045] S73. In the third limit position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool;

[0046] S74, spindle tooling, rotate the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction of step S72 to the fourth limit position, and spindle tool pulling;

[0047] S75. In the fourth limit position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool;

[0048] S76. Obtain, based on the detection results of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position, a deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool when the turning tool is at an intermediate position between the third limit position and the fourth limit position;

[0049] S77. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the spindle according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram.

[0050] S78, repeat steps S72-S76 to obtain a new deviation A; determine whether the deviation A is 0, if so, proceed to step S8; if not, repeat step S77;

[0051] S8. Complete the angular position adjustment of the spindle relative to the zero point position on the whole machine.

[0052] Beneficial effects:

[0053] First, the spindle gear disc adjustment tool disclosed in the present application can simulate the installation of the spindle on the machine tool slide, and realize the adjustment of the angular position of the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc of the spindle before the spindle is installed on the machine tool slide, thereby ensuring the subsequent adjustment after the spindle is installed on the machine tool slide, and finally ensuring the position accuracy of the tool tip when the spindle is locked at the relative zero point.

[0054] A spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in the present application utilizes a spindle gear adjustment tool to adjust the spindle before the spindle is installed on the machine tool slide, thereby eliminating the influence of the angular position deviation of the fixed gear and the rotating gear, and reducing the influence of the gap between the high and low keys of the spindle positioning tool and the tool keyway on the angular position of the spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction is given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention, with the detector removed;

[0058] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of B in the middle;

[0059] Figure 4 This is a front view of a spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool disclosed in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0061] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0062] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the detection results of the first precision detection surface of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position in a spindle gear adjustment method disclosed in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 3 .

[0063] 1. Support seat; 11. Connecting surface; 12. First guide rail mounting surface; 13. Second guide rail mounting surface; 2. Moving assembly; 21. Guide rail; 22. Slider; 3. Detector; 31. Dial base; 32. Micrometer; 4. Detection turning tool; 41. First precision detection surface; 51. Mandrel; 52. Front bearing sleeve; 521. Second precision detection surface; 53. Mounting flange; 54. Fixed gear disc; 55. Rotating gear disc; 56. Piston gear disc; 6. Clearance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] Combine Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the spindle of a conventional milling-turning machining center is locked at a relative zero position via a locking structure after switching from milling to turning. The spindle comprises a core shaft 51, a front bearing sleeve 52, and a locking structure. A bearing is mounted between the core shaft 51 and the front bearing sleeve 52. The front bearing sleeve 52 is provided with a mounting flange 53, which is circumferentially defined by a set of through-holes. These through-holes correspond to a set of screw holes on the machine tool ram, allowing the spindle and the machine tool ram to be screwed together. A common toothed disc locking structure comprises a rotating toothed disc 55 coaxially secured to the core shaft 51 by a set screw, a fixed toothed disc 54 coaxially secured to the front bearing sleeve 52 by a set screw, and a piston toothed disc 56 mounted in the piston chamber of the front bearing sleeve 52. The fixed toothed disc 54 is located outside the rotating toothed disc 55, and the piston toothed disc 56 corresponds to the fixed toothed disc 54 and the rotating toothed disc 55. The piston toothed disc 56 clamps the fixed toothed disc 54 and the rotating toothed disc 55 to lock the core shaft 51. The existing spindle locking structure includes the following types: the front end locking structure is located at the front end of the spindle front bearing, the rear end locking structure is located at the rear end of the spindle rear bearing, and the middle position locking structure is located between the front and rear bearings of the spindle. Figure 1 The figure shows the locking structure in the intermediate position. The spindle core 51 is equipped with a high and low key, which is two opposite positioning keys. The high and low keys cooperate with the two keyways in the tool handle to position the tool. The broaching mechanism set in the core 51 can achieve the broaching and pulling of the tool.

[0066] The spindle components mentioned below refer to the state where the geared locking mechanism is assembled. Different spindle assembly states may vary depending on the type of locking mechanism, such as the front, middle, or rear end of the spindle. This application allows for adjustment after the geared locking mechanism is assembled, not necessarily after the spindle assembly is complete.

[0067] Example 1:

[0068] A spindle gear adjustment tool, combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a support base 1, a detector 3, a detection turning tool 4, and a control device; the support base 1 is detachably mounted on the detection platform and is used to mount the spindle component after the gear-disc locking structure is assembled to simulate the state of the spindle being installed on the machine tool slide. The detection turning tool 4 is mounted on the spindle component to simulate the state of the turning tool being installed on the spindle; the detection turning tool 4 is provided with a first precision detection surface 41, and the spindle component is provided with a second precision detection surface 521; the control device is connected to the spindle component to control the cutting, broaching, and locking actions of the spindle; the detector 3 detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface 41 relative to the second precision detection surface 521.

[0069] After the support base 1 is installed on the detection platform, it provides a mounting base and support for the other components. The spindle component is installed on the support base 1 to simulate the spindle being installed on the machine tool slide. The first precision detection surface 41 and the second precision detection surface 521 are tested for parallelism by the detector 3, thereby assisting in determining the deviation of the angular position of the spindle component. The fixed toothed disc and the rotating toothed disc of the spindle component are then adjusted according to the deviation to perform preliminary adjustment to eliminate the influence of the angular position deviation of the fixed toothed disc and the rotating toothed disc, thereby eliminating the angular position deviation of the high and low keys relative to the second precision detection surface 521 when the piston toothed disc 56 is engaged with the fixed toothed disc 54 and the rotating toothed disc 55, thereby eliminating the influence of the accuracy of the internal locking structure of the spindle on the position of the tool tip when the spindle component is locked relative to the zero point. After the spindle component after preliminary adjustment is subsequently installed on the machine tool slide, the subsequent adjustment of the spindle component can ensure the position accuracy of the tool tip when the spindle component is locked relative to the zero point.

[0070] Preferably, the support seat 1 has a connecting surface 11, the end face of the mounting flange 53 on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component abuts against the connecting surface 11 of the support seat 1 for positioning, and the mounting flange 53 and the support seat 1 are connected through a fixing component; the second precision detection surface 521 is opened on the outer periphery of the mounting flange 53 and is perpendicular to the end face of the mounting flange 53.

[0071] Preferably, the support base 1 has a connecting surface 11, and a clearance space 6 is provided on the support base 1. The tail end of the core shaft 51 of the spindle component is located in the clearance space 6 or passes through the clearance space 6. The end face of the mounting flange 53 on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component abuts against the connecting surface 11 of the support base 1 for positioning. The mounting flange 53 and the support base 1 are connected by a first set of screws to simulate the spindle component being installed on the machine tool slide. The connecting surface 11 is a precision-machined surface to ensure positioning after abutting against the end face of the mounting flange 53. The mounting flange 53 and the support base 1 are connected by a first set of screws to simulate the state of the spindle component being installed on the machine tool slide, thereby facilitating detection and adjustment. The fixing assembly can also use a pressure plate to achieve a detachable connection between the mounting flange 53 and the support base 1.

[0072] Specifically, the lower end of the support base 1 is fixedly mounted on the detection platform by a second set of screws. A group of threaded holes surrounding the clearance space 6 are opened on the connecting surface 11 of the support base 1. A group of threaded holes corresponds to a group of through holes opened on the mounting flange 53. After the first set of screws pass through a group of through holes and a group of threaded holes, the spindle component is installed on the support base 1.

[0073] Specifically, a second precision detection surface 521 is opened on the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle component. During processing, the second precision detection surface 521 is the reference surface for a group of through holes on the mounting flange 53 and the mounting threaded holes of each gear disc, thereby ensuring the position of the spindle component installed on the machine tool slide.

[0074] Specifically, the connecting surface 11 is perpendicular to the plane of the inspection platform, allowing the spindle assembly to be installed horizontally, thereby facilitating the installation of the spindle assembly and the inspection turning tool 4, the stable movement of the inspection instrument 3 driven by the moving assembly 2, the inspection of the first precision inspection surface 41 and the second precision inspection surface 521 by the inspection instrument 3, and the rotational adjustment of the spindle assembly. In this embodiment, the inspection instrument 3 is a micrometer.

[0075] Preferably, it further includes a moving component 2 , which is installed on the support seat 1 , and is used to drive the detector 3 to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle component and parallel to the second precision detection surface 521 .

[0076] Preferably, the moving assembly 2 includes a guide rail 21 and a slider 22. The guide rail 21 is mounted on the support base 1, and the slider 22 slides on the guide rail 21. The detector 3 is mounted on the slider 22. The moving assembly 2 may also use other forms of high-precision guide devices.

[0077] Preferably, the movable assembly 2 includes a guide rail 21 and a slider 22. The guide rail 21 is mounted on the support base 1, and the slider 22 slides on the guide rail 21. The detector 3 includes a dial base 31 and a micrometer 32. The dial base 31 is mounted on the slider 22, and the micrometer 32 is mounted on the dial base 31. By mounting the dial base 31 on the slider 22, the micrometer 32 utilizes the guiding function of the guide rail 21 and the slider 22 to ensure the linear motion accuracy of the micrometer 32 during the testing process. In this embodiment, the dial base 31 adopts a high-precision universal magnetic base to facilitate adjustment of the micrometer 32 to detect the first precision testing surface 41 and the second precision testing surface 521.

[0078] Specifically, the guide rail 21 may be installed in a slotted embedded manner, a side gasket manner, a positioning pin manner, or the like.

[0079] Preferably, the support seat 1 has a first guide rail mounting surface 12 perpendicular to the connecting surface 11 and a second guide rail mounting surface 13 parallel to the connecting surface 11; the guide rail 21 is installed and positioned through the first guide rail mounting surface 12 and the second guide rail mounting surface 13 to ensure the installation accuracy of the guide rail 21 relative to the connecting surface 11, thereby ensuring the position accuracy of the guide rail 21 relative to the main shaft component after the main shaft component is installed on the support seat 1 through the mounting flange 53.

[0080] Specifically, the upper surface of the support base 1 is provided with a step for mounting the positioning guide rail 21. The first guide rail mounting surface 12 and the second guide rail mounting surface 13 are the horizontal and vertical surfaces of the step, respectively. The bottom surface of the guide rail 21 abuts the first guide rail mounting surface 12, and the guide rail 21 is fixed to the first guide rail mounting surface 12, and the side surface of the guide rail 21 abuts the second guide rail mounting surface 13. The first guide rail mounting surface 12, which is parallel to the plane of the detection platform, and the second guide rail mounting surface 13, which is parallel to the connecting surface 11, achieve the positioning of the guide rail 21, ensuring the horizontal movement of the dial indicator 32, and thus ensuring the positional relationship between the movement direction of the dial indicator 32 and the relative zero point position of the spindle component, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the parallelism detection benchmark.

[0081] Preferably, a clearance space 6 is defined in the support base 1. The tail end of the spindle shaft 51 is positioned within or passes through the clearance space 6. The fixing screws for the fixed gear plate 54 and the front bearing sleeve 52 of the spindle assembly correspond to the openings at both ends of the clearance space 6. This allows access from the opening of the clearance space 6 away from the fixed gear plate 54 to loosen and tighten the fixing screws of the fixed gear plate 54 and the front bearing sleeve 52. The clearance space 6 allows the fixed gear plate 54, which has a locking structure in an intermediate position, to be adjusted even when the spindle assembly is mounted on the spindle gear plate adjustment fixture, thereby reducing disassembly operations.

[0082] Specifically, the clearance space 6 is formed by a stepped through-hole extending from the connecting surface 11 of the support base 1. The clearance space 6 forms a circular opening at one end of the connecting surface 11 and on the opposite side of the connecting surface 11. The tail end of the core shaft 51 passes through the clearance space 6. The fixed gear disc 54 is located within the opening of the clearance space 6, preventing the support base 1 from obstructing the fixed gear disc 54. This allows an operator to insert a tool through the opening of the clearance space 6 on the opposite side of the connecting surface 11 to loosen and tighten the screws securing the fixed gear disc 54 to the front bearing sleeve 52. This facilitates loosening the screws securing the fixed gear disc 54 to the front bearing sleeve 52 after inspection and rotating the fixed gear disc 54 for adjustment.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] A spindle gear disc adjustment method is provided, wherein the spindle is adjusted using the spindle gear disc adjustment tool in Example 1, comprising the following steps:

[0085] S1. Install the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tooling on the inspection platform, and connect the spindle component after the gear disc locking structure is assembled to the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tooling. Specific steps include S11-S14;

[0086] S11. Fix the support base on the detection platform using the second set of screws, and adjust the support base so that the first guide rail mounting surface is parallel to the plane of the detection platform;

[0087] S12. Replace the bearings in the spindle assembly with process bearings and assemble the spindle to prevent damage to the bearings during disassembly; place the end face of the mounting flange of the assembled spindle assembly against the connection surface, aligning the set of through holes in the mounting flange with the set of threaded holes on the connection surface, and install the spindle assembly onto the support seat using the first set of screws;

[0088] S13. Attach the dial base to the slider and install the dial indicator on the dial base;

[0089] S14. Connect the spindle component to the control device to ensure that the spindle component can perform knife-beating, knife-pulling, rotation and locking actions.

[0090] S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform. The specific steps include S21-S23.

[0091] S21. The moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the detection platform. Specifically, the probe of the micrometer is pressed against the second precision detection surface, and the micrometer is reset to zero. Then, the dial indicator is moved by dragging the dial base to measure the second precision detection surface and observe the change in the dial indicator.

[0092] S22. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange of the spindle component and the support seat of the spindle gear adjustment tooling, rotate the spindle component according to the parallelism test result of step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision detection surface, and tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support seat. Specifically, after loosening the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support seat, first determine the inclination direction of the second precision detection surface according to the change of the micrometer in step S21, then rotate the spindle component in the opposite direction and determine the size of the rotation angle according to the absolute value of the change, and then tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the support seat to ensure that the spindle is fixed;

[0093] S23. Repeat steps S21-S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform.

[0094] S3, obtaining the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position. The specific steps include S31-S36.

[0095] S31. Manually rotate the spindle so that the level key is substantially perpendicular to the second precision detection surface (i.e., the first precision detection surface for detecting the turning tool is substantially parallel to the second precision detection surface). The control device controls the piston gear disc to clamp the fixed gear disc and the rotating gear disc, and the spindle is locked at the relative zero position. The control device can be in the form of a manually operated hydraulic station to achieve the locking action of the spindle.

[0096] Since a group of through holes on the mounting flange, the mounting threaded holes of the piston gear disc and the fixed gear disc use the second precision detection surface as the reference surface, the mounting threaded holes of the rotating gear disc and the high and low keys of the core shaft are processed to ensure positional accuracy. Therefore, after the spindle is locked at the relative zero position, the high and low keys ensure the positional accuracy relative to the second precision detection surface through the rotating gear disc, the fixed gear disc, the piston gear disc and the front bearing sleeve. Due to the limitation of the number of teeth on the gear disc of the locking structure, the error caused by the deviation of one tooth of the rotating gear disc is relatively large and obviously different from the deviation caused by the combined errors of the spindle assembly and the processing of various parts. When manually rotating to the relative zero position, the high and low keys and the first precision detection surface can be observed with the naked eye, or the first precision detection surface can be checked by measuring to determine whether it has been rotated into place, thereby avoiding manual failure to rotate into place.

[0097] S32, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle component with the first precision inspection surface facing upward; after the height key of the spindle is matched with the keyway of the tool holder, there is a certain gap on both sides, and the inspection turning tool is rotated in one direction to a first limit position. In this embodiment, the first limit position is rotated clockwise until the height key abuts the keyway and eliminates the gap, and the spindle is broached;

[0098] S33. In the first extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface. Specifically, the probe of the micrometer is first placed on the first precision detection surface, and the micrometer is reset to zero. Then, the dial indicator base is dragged to move the micrometer to hit the first precision detection surface and observe the change in the micrometer. The parallelism deviation a1 of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface is detected. The micrometer pointer is set to rotate clockwise during measurement as positive and counterclockwise as negative.

[0099] S34, the spindle component is broached, the detection turning tool is rotated in the opposite direction of step S32 to the second limit position. In this embodiment, the second limit position is rotated counterclockwise to the position where the high and low keys abut the keyway and eliminate the gap, and the spindle component is broached;

[0100] S35. In the second extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; the micrometer moves to detect the first precision detection surface to obtain the parallelism deviation a2 of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface, and the positive and negative settings of the deviation a2 are consistent with the previous steps;

[0101] S36. Based on the detection results of the turning tool in the first extreme position and the second extreme position, calculate the deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in the intermediate position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position by the formula a=(a1+a2) / 2.

[0102] S4. Adjust the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface of the detection turning tool is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the detection turning tool is in the middle position between the first extreme position and the second extreme position. The specific steps include S41-S45.

[0103] S41. Reach into the opening of the clearance space on the connecting surface side and loosen the fixing screws securing the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve. Rotate the fixed sprocket according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tighten the fixing screws securing the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve. Specifically, after loosening the fixing screws securing the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve, first determine the inclination direction of the first precision detection surface based on the positive or negative value of the deviation a. Then, rotate the fixed sprocket in the opposite direction and determine the rotation angle based on the absolute value of the deviation a. Then, tighten the fixing screws securing the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve.

[0104] S42. After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero position, confirm that the piston gear disc movement is normal, repeat steps S32-S36 to obtain the updated deviation a; determine whether the deviation a is 0, if so, proceed to step S5; if not, proceed to step S43. Ideally, only the fixed gear disc needs to be rotated to achieve leveling of the first precision detection surface.

[0105] S43, determining whether the fixed sprocket has been rotated to the limit, if so, proceeding to step S44, if not, repeating steps S41-S42; if the fixed sprocket has been rotated to the limit, and the fixing screws of the fixed sprocket and the front bearing sleeve hinder the rotation of the fixed sprocket, it is necessary to adjust the angular position of the rotating sprocket on the core shaft;

[0106] S44, loosening the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel, rotating the rotating toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tightening the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel; specifically, after loosening the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel, first determining the inclination direction of the first precision detection surface according to the positive or negative value of the deviation a, then rotating the rotating toothed disc in the opposite direction and determining the size of the rotation angle according to the absolute value of the deviation a, and then tightening the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the mandrel;

[0107] For the front-end locking structure and the tail-end locking structure, the fixing screws of the rotating gear disc and the core shaft can be directly loosened to adjust the rotation;

[0108] For the locking structure in the middle position, it is necessary to remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment fixture, disassemble the spindle assembly, remove the front bearing sleeve and process bearing, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating gear and the core shaft for rotation adjustment;

[0109] Because the process bearing is installed, the middle position locking structure can prevent the bearing from being damaged during disassembly; correspondingly, for the front end locking structure and the tail end locking structure, since the rotating gear disc can be directly adjusted without disassembling the main shaft components, the original bearing can be directly installed.

[0110] S45. After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, repeat steps S32-S36. For the locking structure in the intermediate position, it is necessary to reassemble the spindle assembly and connect the spindle assembly to the spindle gear adjustment fixture before performing this step.

[0111] S5. Remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment fixture. When the deviation a is 0, it means that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in the middle position between the first and second extreme positions. In other words, when the spindle height key is in the middle symmetrical position, the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface. At this time, the angular position of the fixed gear and the rotating gear has been adjusted to the ideal position. Then remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment fixture to complete the initial spindle adjustment.

[0112] In the field of turning-milling machining centers, especially horizontal machine tools, the position of the tool tip has a significant impact on the accuracy of the machining dimensions. Actual operational observations show that the toothed disc locking mechanism cannot achieve clamping at any position due to the presence of teeth. This results in deviations in the tool tip position when clamped relative to the zero point. Through practical exploration, we found that the factors affecting the deviation of the tool tip position mainly include the following three aspects: First, the installation accuracy of the spindle on the machine tool slide, involving the positional accuracy and dimensional accuracy of a set of through-holes in the front bearing sleeve mounting flange and the corresponding threaded holes in the machine tool slide; Second, the accuracy of the locking structure, including the machining accuracy of the locking structure and the front bearing sleeve, and the positional accuracy of the through-holes in the locking structure and the threaded holes in the front bearing sleeve; Third, the positioning accuracy of the tool, involving the parallelism of the spindle height key with the direction of the machine tool linear axis, and the positional accuracy between the spindle height key and the mounting flange. The combined effect of these factors often results in the spindle being unable to be adjusted to its ideal angular position to meet the tool tip position error requirements by loosening the fixing screws between the mounting flange and the ram. Furthermore, when the spindle locking structure is located at the front or rear end of the spindle, ordinary machine tool users cannot disassemble the spindle and adjust its internal structure to resolve this issue. When the spindle locking structure is located in the middle of the spindle, the locking structure cannot be adjusted after the spindle is assembled. If the method of adjusting the spindle by loosening the fixing screws between the mounting flange and the ram and rotating the spindle does not meet the requirements, the spindle must be disassembled and re-debugged. Based on this, this method, based on practical experience, proposes that when assembling the spindle locking structure, a preliminary adjustment should be performed first to ensure that the locking structure is adjusted to the ideal position during the spindle assembly phase. This ensures that the angular deviation of the high and low keys is within a certain range when the locking structure is locked relative to the zero point. This ensures that after the spindle is installed on the ram, it can be adjusted to the optimal position simply by rotating the spindle.

[0113] In step S2, this method adjusts the second precision detection surface to a horizontal position to eliminate the influence of the spindle's installation accuracy on the support base. Subsequently, step S3 is used to determine the parallelism deviation a of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is positioned intermediate between the first and second extreme positions. Adjustment is then made to eliminate the deviation a, achieving parallelism between the first and second precision detection surfaces. During the spindle assembly phase, the locking mechanism is adjusted to eliminate the influence of the locking mechanism's accuracy.

[0114] S6. After the initial adjustment of the spindle, the angular position of the spindle is also adjusted relative to the zero position on the whole machine. After the spindle assembly and locking structure are completed, the remaining steps are to install the assembled spindle on the ram and install the detector on the machine table, specifically installing the micrometer through the dial base;

[0115] S7, adjusting the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the horizontal linear axis direction I of the machine tool, specifically the linear axis direction I is selected as the X-axis direction of the machine tool to facilitate operation and reading; the specific steps include S71-S78;

[0116] S71, the spindle is locked at the relative zero position;

[0117] S72, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to a third limit position. In this embodiment, the third limit position is a position where the high and low keys abut against the key slots to eliminate the gap, and the spindle pulls the tool;

[0118] S73. In the third extreme position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool. Specifically, the probe of the micrometer is pressed against the first precision inspection surface, and the micrometer is reset to zero. Then, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction to measure the first precision inspection surface and observe the change in the micrometer. The parallelism deviation A1 of the first precision inspection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool is detected; the positive and negative settings of this deviation remain the same as in the previous steps.

[0119] S74, spindle tooling: rotate the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction of step S72 to the fourth limit position. In this embodiment, the fourth limit position is a position where the high and low keys abut against the keyway to eliminate the gap, and the spindle tool is broached;

[0120] S75. In the fourth extreme position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool. Specifically, the probe of the micrometer is pressed against the first precision inspection surface, and the micrometer is reset to zero. Then, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the X-axis direction to measure the first precision inspection surface and observe the change in the micrometer. The parallelism deviation A2 of the first precision inspection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool is detected; the positive and negative settings of this deviation remain the same as in the previous steps.

[0121] S76. Based on the detection results of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position, calculate the deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the X-axis direction of the machine tool when the turning tool is in a position intermediate between the third limit position and the fourth limit position using the formula A=(A1+A2) / 2;

[0122] S77. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the spindle according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram.

[0123] S78, repeat steps S72-S76 to obtain the updated deviation A; determine whether the deviation A is 0, if so, proceed to step S8; if not, repeat step S77;

[0124] S8. When the deviation A is 0, it means that the first precision detection surface of the turning tool is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool when it is in the middle position between the third limit position and the fourth limit position. At this time, the first precision detection surface has been adjusted to the ideal position, and the angular position adjustment of the spindle relative to the zero point position on the whole machine is completed.

[0125] After the initial adjustment of the spindle, ideally, the first precision detection surface should be parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool when the turning tool is installed and locked to the spindle. However, due to the inevitable gap between the spindle height key and the tool handle keyway during operation, even T-type tool handles have a certain gap. Therefore, after the spindle is broached, the first precision detection surface may have a parallel deviation. Therefore, in order to ensure machining accuracy, the deviation must be controlled within the minimum range. This method eliminates the influence of the locking structure accuracy through step S3, so that after the spindle is installed on the machine tool slide, the detection conditions at the third limit position and the fourth limit position are as follows. Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the deviations in the third and fourth limit positions are located on both sides of the theoretical horizontal position (the horizontal center line is the theoretical horizontal position), thus ensuring that leveling can be achieved by simply rotating the spindle. To avoid the combined effect of the three factors, after the spindle is installed on the machine tool slide, the detection conditions in the third and fourth limit positions are as follows: Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 In the case shown, the deviations in the third and fourth limit positions are on the same side of the theoretical horizontal position, which makes it impossible to achieve leveling by simply rotating the spindle. This method then eliminates the deviation A through steps S7 and S8, so that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the X-axis direction of the machine tool in the intermediate position between the third and fourth limit positions. Specifically, the detection conditions in the third and fourth limit positions are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the angular position of the spindle is optimal at this time, and the deviation of the tool tip point of the spindle each time it clamps the tool can be controlled within 0-b / 2, where b is equal to the sum of the absolute values ​​of the deviations A1 and A2, which can achieve higher machining accuracy.

[0126] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spindle gear adjustment method, characterized in that: The spindle gear disc adjustment tool is used for adjustment, and the spindle gear disc adjustment tool comprises: a support seat (1), a detector (3), a detection turning tool (4) and a control device; The support seat (1) is detachably mounted on the detection platform, and the support seat (1) is used to mount the main shaft component after assembling the gear disc type locking structure; The detection turning tool (4) is mounted on the spindle component; a first precision detection surface (41) is provided on the detection turning tool (4), and a second precision detection surface (521) is provided on the spindle component; The control device is connected to the spindle component to control the cutting, broaching and locking actions of the spindle; The detector (3) detects the parallelism of the first precision detection surface (41) relative to the second precision detection surface (521); It also includes a moving assembly (2), the moving assembly (2) being mounted on the support seat (1), and the moving assembly (2) being used to drive the detector (3) to move in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle component and parallel to the second precision detection surface (521); The method for adjusting the spindle gear disc using the spindle gear disc adjustment tool comprises the following steps: S1. Connect the spindle component after assembling the gear disc locking structure to the spindle gear disc assembly and adjustment tool; S2. Adjust the second precision detection surface to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform; S3, obtaining a deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in an intermediate position between the first limit position and the second limit position; S31, the spindle component is locked at the relative zero position; S32, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle component, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to a first limit position, and pulling the tool with the spindle component; S33. In the first extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S34, the spindle component is engaged, the detection turning tool is rotated in the opposite direction of step S32 to the second limit position, and the spindle component is broached; S35. In the second extreme position state, the moving assembly drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface; S36, obtaining a deviation a of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in a position intermediate between the first and second limit positions based on the detection results of the turning tool in the first and second limit positions; S4. Adjust the locking structure according to the deviation a so that the first precision detection surface is parallel to the second precision detection surface when the turning tool is in a position intermediate between the first extreme position and the second extreme position; S5. Remove the spindle assembly from the spindle gear adjustment tooling.

2. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support seat (1) has a connecting surface (11), the end surface of the mounting flange (53) on the front bearing sleeve (52) of the spindle component abuts against the connecting surface (11) of the support seat (1) for positioning, and the mounting flange (53) and the support seat (1) are connected via a fixing assembly; the second precision detection surface (521) is provided on the outer periphery of the mounting flange (53) and is perpendicular to the end surface of the mounting flange (53).

3. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving assembly (2) comprises a guide rail (21) and a slider (22), wherein the guide rail (21) is mounted on the support seat (1), and the slider (22) slides on the guide rail (21); and the detector (3) is mounted on the slider (22).

4. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: A clearance space (6) is provided on the support seat (1), and the tail end of the core shaft (51) of the main shaft component is located in the clearance space (6) or passes through the clearance space (6). The fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc (54) and the front bearing sleeve (52) of the main shaft component correspond to the openings at both ends of the clearance space (6), so that the fixing screws of the fixed toothed disc (54) and the front bearing sleeve (52) can be extended from the clearance space (6) away from the opening of the fixed toothed disc (54) to loosen and lock the fixing screws.

5. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2 specifically includes the following steps: S21, the moving component drives the detector to move to detect the parallelism of the second precision detection surface relative to the plane of the detection platform; S22, loosening the spindle assembly and the spindle gear disc mounting fixture, rotating the spindle assembly according to the parallelism test result of step S21 to adjust the angular position of the second precision test surface, and locking the spindle assembly and the spindle gear disc mounting fixture; S23. Repeat steps S21-S22 until the second precision detection surface is adjusted to be parallel to the plane of the detection platform.

6. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 specifically includes the following steps: S41. Loosen the fixing screws that secure the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve. Rotate the sprocket according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a. Tighten the fixing screws that secure the sprocket and the front bearing sleeve. S42: After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero position, steps S32-S36 are repeated to obtain a new deviation a; it is determined whether the deviation a is 0. If so, the process proceeds to step S5; if not, the process proceeds to step S43; S43, determine whether the fixed sprocket has rotated to the limit, if so, proceed to step S44, if not, repeat steps S41-S42; S44, loosen the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the core shaft, rotate the rotating toothed disc according to the deviation a to eliminate the deviation a, and tighten the fixing screws of the rotating toothed disc and the core shaft; S45. After the spindle assembly is loosened and locked at least once relative to the zero point, steps S32-S36 are repeated.

7. A spindle gear adjustment method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After step S5, the angular position adjustment of the spindle relative to the zero position on the whole machine is also performed, which specifically includes the following steps: S6. After completing the remaining steps of the spindle assembly and locking structure, the assembled spindle is mounted on the ram and the detector is installed on the machine tool workbench; S7, adjust the first precision detection surface to be parallel to the horizontal linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S71, the spindle is locked at the relative zero position; S72, docking the inspection turning tool to the spindle, rotating the inspection turning tool in one direction to the third limit position, and pulling the tool on the spindle; S73. In the third limit position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S74, spindle tooling, rotate the inspection turning tool in the opposite direction of step S72 to the fourth limit position, and spindle tool pulling; S75. In the fourth limit position state, the machine tool drives the inspection turning tool to move along the linear axis direction I, and the detector detects the parallelism of the first precision inspection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool; S76. Obtain, based on the detection results of the turning tool at the third limit position and the fourth limit position, a deviation A of the parallelism of the first precision detection surface relative to the linear axis direction I of the machine tool when the turning tool is at an intermediate position between the third limit position and the fourth limit position; S77. Loosen the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram, rotate the spindle according to the deviation A to eliminate the deviation A, and tighten the fixing screws of the mounting flange and the ram. S78, repeat steps S72-S76 to obtain a new deviation A; determine whether the deviation A is 0, if so, proceed to step S8; if not, repeat step S77; S8. Complete the angular position adjustment of the spindle relative to the zero point position on the whole machine.

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