Machining process for anti-friction layer of bearing bush
Through the process of sputtering first and then spraying, combined with ultrasonic cleaning and spraying technology, the problem of traditional bearing wear reduction layers peeling in harsh environments is solved, and efficient and environmentally friendly coating processing is achieved, extending the service life of bearings and reducing production costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510339558.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The wear-reducing layer of traditional bearing shells is prone to peel off in the harsh engine working environment, resulting in tiles burning. At the same time, traditional electroplating and sputtering methods have problems of high pollution and high production costs.
The bearing shell is processed through ultrasonic cleaning, pure water spraying and pure water bubble rinsing, etc., to form a high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer, and then a molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on its surface, combining preheating and curing treatment.
It improves the bonding force, performance and uniformity of the coating, extends the service life of the bearing shell, reduces production costs, and improves the market competitiveness of the products.
Smart Images
Figure SMS_1 
Figure SMS_2 
Figure SMS_3
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of bearing shell processing, and particularly relates to a processing technology for an anti-friction layer of a bearing shell. Background Art
[0002] The structure of a traditional bearing shell is that an alloy layer is attached to a steel back layer, and a soft anti-friction layer is added on the alloy layer by electroplating or sputtering. The main purpose of this anti-friction layer is to increase the compliance, inlay property, and wear resistance of the inner surface of the bearing shell. However, with the continuous increase of engine power, the bearing shell faces an increasingly harsh working environment. The traditional bearing shell often shows the phenomena of alloy layer spalling and coating spalling, resulting in the situation of engine bearing seizure. Moreover, the electroplating anti-friction layer method belongs to a high-pollution processing method, while the sputtering method has high requirements for equipment, increasing production costs.
[0003] Currently, spraying and sputtering methods are used to add the anti-friction layer. However, only spraying has good compliance but insufficient hardness; only sputtering has good load-carrying capacity but poor compliance; moreover, the uniformity and thickness of the coating are not easy to control, resulting in low precision.
[0004] Therefore, the applicant considered designing a processing technology for an anti-friction layer of a bearing shell to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a processing technology for an anti-friction layer of a bearing shell, including the following steps:
[0006] 1) Pretreatment before sputtering: The bearing shell is successively subjected to ultrasonic rough washing, ultrasonic fine washing, pure water spraying, pure water bubbling rough rinsing, first ultrasonic rinsing, first pure water bubbling fine rinsing, first air drying, and first drying treatment;
[0007] 2) Sputtering processing: The bearing shell processed in step 1) is placed in a PVD vacuum coating machine, and first a layer of nickel is sputtered on the bearing shell, and then a layer of aluminum is sputtered, and this is repeated 8 - 9 times to form a high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer;
[0008] 3) Pretreatment before spraying: The bearing shell after sputtering in step 2) is successively subjected to sandblasting, second ultrasonic rinsing, second pure water bubbling fine rinsing, second air drying, second drying, and preheating treatment;
[0009] 4) Spraying processing: The bearing shell processed in step 3) is placed on a spraying device, and a molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on the surface of the high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer with a spray gun;
[0010] 5) Surface drying and curing: The bearing shell after spraying in step 4) is successively subjected to surface drying and curing treatment.
[0011] Optionally, in step 1), the temperature of the ultrasonic rough cleaning is 50 - 60°C, and the cleaning time is 300 seconds; the temperature of the first ultrasonic fine cleaning is 45°C, and the cleaning time is 300 seconds; the temperature of the pure water spraying is at room temperature, and the spraying time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the pure water bubbling rough rinsing is at room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the first ultrasonic rinsing is at room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 - 95 seconds; the temperature of the first pure water bubbling fine rinsing is at room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 - 95 seconds; the temperature of the first air drying is at room temperature, and the duration is 90 - 95 seconds; the temperature of the first drying is 80 - 90°C, and the duration is 360 seconds.
[0012] Specifically, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted: it can fully clean the product in a short time, with far better effect than traditional cleaning methods, being energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, and having good adaptability; it is divided into two processes of rough cleaning and fine cleaning. First, the dirt on the product surface is roughly removed, and then the fine dirt and residues on the surface are finely cleaned to meet higher cleanliness requirements; at the same time, when rough cleaning, the temperature is controlled at about 55°C, and the active ingredients in the cleaning agent can play a more effective role, accelerating the softening and dissolution of dirt. When fine cleaning, the temperature is controlled at about 45°C, which can avoid thermal damage or deformation to precision parts due to excessive temperature. Pure water spraying: removes the residual cleaning liquid and further cleans the product. Pure water bubbling rinsing: is highly efficient in cleaning, environmentally friendly and energy-saving, and protects the surface of the object. After pure water bubbling rinsing, ultrasonic rinsing is adopted: it can reduce the use of cleaning agent, reduce residues, and is environmentally friendly and energy-saving. Air drying at room temperature: ensures that the workpiece will not be damaged due to high temperature during the drying process, and at the same time further removes the residual moisture and improves the cleanliness. After air drying, drying is carried out: it can improve the drying effect and avoid contamination.
[0013] Optionally, in step 2), first a layer of nickel is sputtered on the bearing shell as the bottom layer, then a layer of aluminum is sputtered as the functional layer, then a layer of nickel is sputtered as the inlay layer, then a layer of aluminum is sputtered as the functional layer, and thereafter each layer of nickel sputtered is used as the inlay layer, and each layer of aluminum sputtered is used as the functional layer, and this is repeated 8 - 9 times to form a high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer.
[0014] Optionally, the thickness of the high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer in step 2) is 8 - 10 microns.
[0015] Optionally, in step 3), the temperature of the second ultrasonic rinsing is at room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second pure water bubbling fine rinsing is at room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second air drying is at room temperature, and the duration is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second drying is 80 - 90°C, and the duration is 360 seconds; the temperature of preheating is 80 - 100°C, and the duration is 10 - 15 minutes.
[0016] Specifically, preheating: improves the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, optimizes the coating performance, and reduces coating defects.
[0017] Optionally, in step 4), a molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on the surface of the high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer by means of cold spraying with a spray gun.
[0018] Optionally, in step 4), the air pressure of the spray gun is 0.3 - 0.4 MPa, and the caliber is 0.8 - 1.3 mm.
[0019] Specifically, different air pressures are set for different products during spraying to improve the gloss and fineness of the coating.
[0020] Optionally, the coating material formula in step 4) contains graphite powder.
[0021] Specifically, adding graphite powder to the coating material formula serves to enhance lubricity, improve wear resistance, and improve electrical conductivity.
[0022] Optionally, the thickness of the molybdenum disulfide coating in step 4) is 3 - 7 microns.
[0023] Optionally, in step 5), the temperature for surface drying is 80 - 100 °C, and the duration is 3 - 5 minutes; the temperature for curing is 80 - 230 °C, and the duration is 20 - 60 minutes.
[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0025] (1) In this process, sputtering first and then spraying can improve the bonding force, performance, and uniformity of the coating, and increase the added value and market competitiveness of the product.
[0026] (2) By using magnetron sputtering, it has a high deposition rate, high power efficiency, low substrate temperature, good film-forming quality, environmental protection and no pollution, and simple operation.
[0027] (3) By using cold spraying, the formed target material of cold spraying has a high density, low oxygen content, uniform and stable composition, and there will be no abnormal discharge during the sputtering process.
[0028] (4) During sputtering, first plating a layer of nickel and then a layer of aluminum and repeating 8 - 9 times can significantly improve the adhesion and durability of the coating, optimize the coating performance, and at the same time adapt to a variety of substrates. By changing the number of plating times, thickness, and ratio of the nickel layer and the aluminum layer, the performance of the coating can be flexibly adjusted and the service performance of the product can be improved.
[0029] (5) Spraying a layer of molybdenum disulfide after sputtering can improve the compliance of the product. Molybdenum disulfide has a filling function and can restore the geometric dimensions of some parts, further extending the service life. Specific Embodiments
[0030] The present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention. The description here is only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
[0031] Embodiment
[0032] An embodiment of the present invention provides a processing technology for the antifriction layer of a bearing bush. The specific process steps are as follows:
[0033]
[0034]
[0035]
[0036]
[0037] Among them, ultrasonic cleaning is adopted: the product can be fully cleaned in a short time, and the effect is much higher than that of traditional cleaning methods. It is energy-efficient and environmentally friendly, and has good adaptability; it is divided into two processes: rough cleaning and fine cleaning. First, the dirt on the surface of the product is roughly cleaned, and then the fine dirt and residues on the surface are finely cleaned to meet higher cleanliness requirements; at the same time, the temperature during rough cleaning is controlled at about 55 °C, and the active ingredients in the cleaning agent can play a more effective role, accelerating the softening and dissolution of dirt. During fine cleaning, the temperature is controlled at about 45 °C, which can avoid thermal damage or deformation to precision parts due to too high temperature.
[0038] Pure water spraying: Wash off the residual cleaning liquid and further clean the product.
[0039] Pure water bubbling rinsing: High-efficiency cleaning, environmental protection and energy saving, protecting the surface of the object.
[0040] First use pure water bubbling rinsing and then ultrasonic rinsing: It can reduce the use of cleaning agent, reduce residues, and is environmentally friendly and energy-saving.
[0041] Air drying at room temperature: Ensure that the workpiece will not be damaged due to high temperature during the drying process, and at the same time further remove the residual moisture to improve the cleanliness.
[0042] Drying after air drying: It can improve the drying effect and avoid pollution.
[0043] Preheating: Improve the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, optimize the coating performance, and reduce coating defects.
[0044] In addition, different air pressures are set for different products during spraying to improve the glossiness and fineness of the coating; graphite powder is added to the coating formula to enhance lubricity, improve wear resistance, and improve electrical conductivity.
[0045] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is also not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims
1. A processing technology for a bearing bushing wear-reducing layer, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Pre-sputtering treatment: the bearing bush is sequentially subjected to ultrasonic rough cleaning, ultrasonic fine cleaning, pure water spraying, pure water bubbling rough rinsing, the first ultrasonic rinsing, the first pure water bubbling fine rinsing, the first air drying and the first drying treatment; 2) Sputtering processing: Put the bearing bush processed in step 1) into a PVD vacuum coating machine, first sputter a layer of nickel on the bearing bush, then sputter a layer of aluminum, and repeat 8-9 times to form a high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer; 3) Pre-spraying treatment: the bearing shell after sputtering in step 2) is sequentially subjected to sandblasting, second ultrasonic rinsing, second pure water bubbling rinsing, second air drying, second drying and preheating treatment; 4) Spraying process: Place the bearing shell treated in step 3) on the spraying equipment, and spray a layer of molybdenum disulfide coating on the surface of the high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer with a spray gun; 5) Surface drying and curing: The bearing shells sprayed in step 4) are subjected to surface drying and curing treatments in sequence.
2. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1), the temperature of the ultrasonic rough cleaning is 50-60°C, and the cleaning time is 300 seconds; the temperature of the first ultrasonic fine cleaning is 45°C, and the cleaning time is 300 seconds; the temperature of the pure water spray is room temperature, and the spraying time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the pure water bubbling rough rinsing is room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the first ultrasonic rinsing is room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90-95 seconds; the temperature of the first pure water bubbling fine rinsing is room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90-95 seconds; the temperature of the first air drying is room temperature, and the duration is 90-95 seconds; the temperature of the first drying is 80-90°C, and the duration is 360 seconds.
3. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), a layer of nickel is first sputtered on the bearing as a base layer, and then a layer of aluminum is sputtered as a functional layer, and then another layer of nickel is sputtered as an inlay layer, and then another layer of aluminum is sputtered as a functional layer, and this is repeated 8-9 times to form a high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer.
4. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2), the thickness of the high pressure vacuum sputtering layer is 8-10 microns.
5. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3), the temperature of the second ultrasonic rinse is room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second pure water bubbling rinse is room temperature, and the cleaning time is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second air drying is room temperature, and the duration is 90 seconds; the temperature of the second drying is 80-90°C, and the duration is 360 seconds; the preheating temperature is 80-100°C, and the duration is 10-15 minutes.
6. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), a layer of molybdenum disulfide coating is sprayed on the surface of the high-pressure vacuum sputtering layer by a spray gun in a cold spraying manner.
7. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 4), the air pressure of the spray gun is 0.3-0.4 MPa and the caliber is 0.8-1.3 mm.
8. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coating formulation sprayed in step 4) contains graphite powder.
9. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the molybdenum disulfide coating in step 4) is 3-7 microns.
10. The processing technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5), the surface drying temperature is 80-100° C. and the duration is 3-5 minutes; the curing temperature is 80-230° C. and the duration is 20-60 minutes.