Downhole drilling tool stroke monitoring and torque protecting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a downhole drilling tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device which is characterized in that the outer side of an upper joint pipe is rotationally connected with a pipe shell, and an annular device mounting cavity section is arranged between the inner wall of the pipe shell and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe; the clutch assembly is located on the top of the device installation cavity section and used for connecting power between the upper connector pipe and the pipe shell. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack is connected with the clutch assembly and used for controlling the access state of the clutch assembly. The lower connector pipe can be in transmission connection with an external underground drilling tool, the lower connector pipe is axially connected between the upper connector pipe and the pipe shell in a sliding mode, the pipe shell and the lower connector pipe rotate synchronously, and a piston cylinder of the drilling tool stroke monitoring assembly is connected with the top end of the lower connector pipe and monitors the axial displacement stroke of the lower connector pipe through a component assembly. High-precision real-time monitoring of the expansion amount of the underground drilling tool is achieved through air pressure detection, torque power can be safely cut off, the fatigue risk of the drilling tool and the drilling accident rate are remarkably reduced, and the safety and efficiency of complex stratum operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling engineering, and in particular relates to a downhole drilling tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oil and gas drilling engineering, PDC drill bits are generally faced with dynamic instability caused by stick-slip vibration when penetrating soft and hard interlaced formations. Existing technical means mainly focus on controlling the cutting depth of PDC drill bits or using constant torque tools to suppress stick-slip vibration.

[0003] Although the method of controlling the cutting depth of the PDC drill bit can regulate the drilling speed and efficiency to a certain extent, its focus is on intervening in the cutting behavior of the drill bit rather than directly monitoring the expansion and contraction of the lower drill bit. This method cannot perceive the actual expansion and contraction dynamics of the drill bit during the drilling process in real time. In a complex and changeable geological environment, the expansion and contraction changes of the drill bit may be extremely complex, and the lack of accurate monitoring of this expansion and contraction makes it difficult to predict potential risks in advance, thereby increasing the possibility of damage to the drill bit or even causing drilling accidents.

[0004] The strategy of using constant torque tools to suppress stick-slip vibration is mainly focused on adjusting torque fluctuations to reduce the adverse effects of vibration on drill tools and the drilling process. However, it lacks targeted monitoring and effective control of the telescopic displacement of the lower drill tool. In actual drilling, the telescopic displacement of the drill tool is affected by many factors, such as the sudden change in formation hardness and the fluctuation of drilling fluid pressure. Due to the lack of real-time monitoring of the telescopic displacement of the drill tool, once the telescopic displacement exceeds the safety limit, it is very easy to cause fatigue damage to the drill tool, loosening or even fracture of the connection parts, which seriously threatens the smooth progress of the drilling operation.

[0005] Furthermore, existing technologies often show their shortcomings in adaptability when dealing with complex geological conditions and special drilling conditions. For example, when encountering extremely hard formations or when the formation structure undergoes a sudden change, the expansion and contraction changes of the drill bit will be more drastic and difficult to predict. However, existing technical means cannot capture these ever-changing expansion and contraction dynamics in a timely and accurate manner, and cannot quickly and effectively take corresponding protective measures, which greatly restricts the efficient and safe development of drilling operations.

[0006] Therefore, how to provide a downhole tool that can effectively monitor the downhole drilling tool stroke and provide torque protection is a problem that technical personnel in this field urgently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of this, the present invention provides a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device, which is connected between the drill tool and the rotary power source and becomes the key to ensuring drilling safety and improving the durability of the drill tool system.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A downhole drill string stroke monitoring and torque protection device for drivingly connecting a rotary power source at the top and a downhole drill string at the bottom, which comprises:

[0009] An upper joint pipe, which is drivingly connected to an external rotary power source. A pipe shell is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper joint pipe, and an annular device installation cavity section is provided between the inner wall of the pipe shell and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe;

[0010] A clutch assembly, which is located at the top of the device installation cavity section and is used to connect the power between the upper joint pipe and the pipe shell;

[0011] A hollow hydraulic jack, which is located in the middle of the device installation cavity section and is fixedly connected to the pipe shell. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack is connected to the clutch assembly and is used to control the access state of the clutch assembly;

[0012] A drill string stroke monitoring assembly, which includes a piston cylinder, a component assembly and an air chamber. The piston cylinder is located at the bottom of the device installation cavity section and is fixedly connected to the pipe shell. The air chamber is connected and communicated with one side of the piston cylinder. The component assembly is used to detect the pressure and temperature data inside the air chamber, and the component assembly is electrically connected to the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack;

[0013] A lower joint pipe, which is used to be drivingly connected to an external downhole drill string. The lower joint pipe is axially slidably connected between the upper joint pipe and the pipe shell. A key connection section for transmitting torque is provided between the pipe shell and the lower joint pipe. The telescopic end of the piston cylinder is connected to the top end of the lower joint pipe, and the movement of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder changes the pressure and temperature state inside the air chamber.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The upper joint pipe is used to access the rotary power source, and the lower joint pipe is used to connect the downhole drill string. During use, the displacement of the downhole drill string is directly monitored by the drill string stroke monitoring assembly. The displacement stroke of the downhole drill string is monitored in real time through internal sensors, and the dynamic telescopic changes of the drill string under complex geological conditions can be accurately captured, providing real-time data support for drilling operations, effectively avoiding drill string damage and drilling accidents caused by abnormal telescopic displacement. In addition, when the monitored value exceeds the normal telescopic change amount, the access of the clutch assembly can be adjusted by controlling the telescopic state of the hollow hydraulic jack, thereby effectively cutting off the power transmission between the upper joint pipe and the pipe shell, preventing the drill string from being damaged due to excessive torque, and realizing the torque protection function. The present invention realizes high-precision real-time monitoring of the telescopic amount of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder through the air pressure detection of the component assembly, combined with the adaptive adjustment of the torque protection threshold, significantly reducing the fatigue risk of the drill string and the drilling accident rate, and improving the safety and efficiency of operations in complex formations.

[0015] Preferably, an anti-falling component for preventing the casing from moving downward is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint pipe near the top, and an anti-falling component for preventing the lower joint pipe from falling is fixed at the bottom end of the casing.

[0016] The resulting technical effect is that the casing is rotatably connected to the outside of the upper joint pipe. The anti-falling component can ensure that the casing does not fall off the upper joint pipe when the drill string is lifted, and the anti-falling component can limit the downward movement stroke of the lower joint pipe to prevent the lower joint pipe from falling off the casing.

[0017] Preferably, the anti-falling component includes an anti-falling ring and an anti-falling ring cover. The anti-falling ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper joint pipe, and the anti-falling ring cover is fixed to the top end inner wall of the casing. The anti-falling ring abuts against the bottom of the anti-falling ring cover and prevents the anti-falling ring cover and the casing from moving downward; the anti-falling component includes an anti-falling ring and an anti-falling ring cover. The anti-falling ring is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower joint pipe, and the anti-falling ring cover is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the casing. The anti-falling ring cover abuts against the bottom of the anti-falling ring and prevents the anti-falling ring and the lower joint pipe from falling.

[0018] The resulting technical effect is that the cooperation of the anti-falling component and the anti-falling component can ensure the overall relationship between the upper joint pipe, the casing and the lower joint pipe, and prevent the parts from being disengaged and affecting the subsequent use of the equipment. It should be noted that in specific implementation, a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the anti-falling ring cover to ensure the dynamic sealing connection between the anti-falling ring cover and the upper joint pipe, and a sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the anti-falling ring cover to ensure the dynamic sealing connection between the anti-falling ring cover and the lower joint pipe, to prevent drilling fluid from entering the device and damaging the components, thereby extending the service life of the equipment.

[0019] Preferably, a thrust series bearing is installed between the inner wall of the casing and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe, and the thrust series bearing is located below the anti-falling component.

[0020] The resulting technical effect is that the thrust series bearing realizes the rotational connection between the casing and the upper joint pipe, and can also meet the use conditions of large thrust drilling. On the basis of the installation of the thrust series bearing, the anti-falling component provides safety insurance.

[0021] Preferably, the clutch assembly includes a plurality of friction ring plates arranged in a stacked manner and a torque engagement sleeve. A plurality of key grooves are provided on the circumferential sides of the plurality of friction ring plates. The torque engagement sleeve is located outside some of the friction ring plates. A plurality of splines are respectively provided on the inner and outer walls of the torque engagement sleeve corresponding to the axial direction of the torque engagement sleeve. A key groove for mating with the splines is provided on the inner side wall of the pipe shell. The torque engagement sleeve rotates synchronously with the friction ring plates inside it and the pipe shell outside it. The top friction ring plate is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint pipe, and the bottom friction ring plate is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack provides axial pressure and causes the plurality of friction ring plates to rotate synchronously.

[0022] The resulting technical effect is that the clutch assembly is used to connect the torque transmission between the upper joint pipe and the pipe shell. It can be understood that the torque engagement sleeve is not completely sleeved outside all the friction ring plates, but some friction ring plates are exposed. The purpose is to ensure the access function of the clutch. Only when the plurality of friction ring plates are pressed by the axial force can the rotation torque of the upper joint pipe be transmitted to the pipe shell through the friction ring plates and the torque engagement sleeve, and then the synchronous rotation of the upper joint pipe and the pipe shell can be achieved. When the plurality of friction ring plates are not axially tightened, the rotational power of the upper joint pipe is interrupted at the friction ring plates and cannot be transmitted to the torque engagement sleeve, thereby cutting off the rotation of the pipe shell and protecting the drill tool below.

[0023] Preferably, the air chamber is connected and communicated with the side of the cylinder block of the piston cylinder. The component assembly is fixed on the air chamber, and a heat insulation layer is provided on the outside of the air chamber and the outside of the component assembly.

[0024] The resulting technical effect is that the expansion and contraction of the piston cylinder can change the internal pressure state and temperature state of the air chamber. The sensor calculates the expansion and contraction amount of the drill tool below by monitoring the pressure state and temperature state, so as to judge the working condition of the drill tool below. To ensure the accuracy of data monitoring, a heat insulation layer is arranged to reduce the influence of the external environment on the detected data. At the same time, the heat insulation layer also ensures the normal use environment of the components. Before specific implementation, it is necessary to calibrate the data on the ground and obtain the relationship curve between temperature, pressure and the expansion and contraction amount of the piston cylinder. It should be noted that this product does not rely on an external air supply source to pump air into the piston cylinder, and the piston cylinder is not a hydraulic cylinder body. Instead, it relies on the change state of the internal air pressure of the existing piston cylinder to obtain the movement amount of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder, so as to obtain the expansion and contraction amount of the downhole drill tool.

[0025] Preferably, the component assembly includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a battery and a microprocessor. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature data in the air chamber, and the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure data in the air chamber. The microprocessor electrical signal connects the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the battery supplies power to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack.

[0026] The resulting technical effect is: the microprocessor is linked to the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack, and when the telescopic displacement of the drill tool exceeds the safe range, the hollow hydraulic jack can be controlled to quickly cut off the torque transmission to prevent the drill tool from being damaged by excessive torque. At the same time, through the precise control of the hydraulic jack by the controller, the torque protection threshold can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual working conditions to adapt to different geological conditions and drilling conditions. In specific implementation, the heat dissipation of the components can be achieved by the drilling fluid inside the upper joint pipe, and part of the component assembly can be close to the outer wall of the upper joint pipe, relying on the high-speed drilling fluid flowing in the pipe to take away the heat of the device, and the area is wrapped with a thermal insulation layer to achieve thermal insulation protection for the components. Note that the components may not be completely wrapped, and the side close to the outer wall of the upper joint pipe is relatively exposed to facilitate heat exchange.

[0027] Preferably, a support and limiting sleeve is fixed on the inner side of the tube shell and corresponds to the top end area of ​​the lower joint tube, the inner wall of the support and limiting sleeve is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lower joint tube, and the support and limiting sleeve is used to limit the telescopic end stroke of the piston cylinder.

[0028] The resulting technical effect is that the support and limiting sleeve can limit the terminal stroke of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder on the one hand, and can provide support and guidance for the movement of the lower joint pipe on the other hand, making its movement more reliable.

[0029] Preferably, the supporting and limiting sleeve is located above the key connection section, and a key block and a strip slide groove are provided in the key connection section. The key block is connected to the strip slide groove in an axial sliding manner corresponding to the tube shell, and the key block is fixed on the outer wall of the lower joint tube, and the strip slide groove is provided on the inner side wall of the tube shell; or the key block is fixed on the inner wall of the tube shell, and the strip slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the lower joint tube.

[0030] The technical effect produced thereby is that the key connection section is provided for the purpose of ensuring the axial mobility of the lower joint tube and the tube shell, while at the same time realizing the torque transmission from the tube shell to the lower joint tube.

[0031] Preferably, a shoulder is provided at the bottom end of the inner wall close to the shell, a step is provided on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe and close to the top side of the anti-falling component, a corrugated spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe, the bottom end of the corrugated spring abuts against the step, and the top end of the corrugated spring abuts against the shoulder.

[0032] The resulting technical effect is that the provided corrugated spring can play a buffering role when the drill tool expands and contracts, and is used to buffer the mechanical impact during the normal expansion and contraction of the drill tool. The corrugated spring has strong damping ability, thus ensuring the stability of the overall device during use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 is the A-A cross-sectional view of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of removing the shell of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 is the schematic layout of the piston cylinder of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 is the structure diagram of the clutch assembly of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the anti-dropping component of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the anti-falling component of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 is the schematic diagram of the lower joint pipe of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 is the schematic diagram of the shell of a downhole drill tool stroke monitoring and torque protection device of the present invention.

[0042] 1. Upper joint pipe, 2. Pipe shell, 201. Shoulder, 3. Device installation cavity section, 4. Clutch assembly, 401. Friction ring plate, 4011. Keyway, 402. Torque engagement sleeve, 4021. Spline, 5. Hollow hydraulic jack, 6. Drill string stroke monitoring assembly, 601. Piston cylinder, 602. Component assembly, 603. Air chamber, 7. Lower joint pipe, 701. Step, 8. Key connection section, 9. Anti-drop assembly, 901. Anti-drop ring, 902. Anti-drop ring cover, 10. Anti-fall assembly, 101. Anti-fall ring, 102. Anti-fall ring cover, 11. Thrust series bearing, 12. Support and limit sleeve, 13. Wave spring, 14. Spring pre-tightening gasket. Detailed implementation manners

[0043] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Referring to the accompanying drawings of the present invention Figures 1 to 9 According to an embodiment of the present invention, a downhole drill string stroke monitoring and torque protection device is used for driving and connecting a rotary power source at the top and a downhole drill string at the bottom, and includes:

[0045] An upper joint pipe 1, the upper joint pipe 1 is drivingly connected to an external rotary power source. The upper joint pipe is a stepped pipe with a non-uniform outer diameter. A pipe shell 2 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the upper joint pipe 1. An annular device installation cavity section 3 is provided between the inner wall of the pipe shell 2 and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe 1. Specifically, during implementation, for the convenience of assembly, the pipe shell 2 is usually divided into multiple section structures for installation;

[0046] A clutch assembly 4, the clutch assembly 4 is located at the top of the device installation cavity section 3 and is used to connect the power between the upper joint pipe 1 and the pipe shell 2. The power transmission between the pipe shell 2 and the upper joint pipe 1 depends on the working state of the clutch assembly 4;

[0047] A hollow hydraulic jack 5, the hollow hydraulic jack 5 is located in the middle of the device installation cavity section 3. Its cylinder body is fixedly connected to the pipe shell 2. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack 5 is a plunger, and the plunger is connected to the clutch assembly 4 and is used to control the access state of the clutch assembly 4;

[0048] The drill string stroke monitoring assembly 6, the drill string stroke monitoring assembly 6 includes a piston cylinder 601, a component assembly 602 and an air chamber 603. The piston cylinder 601 is located at the bottom of the device installation cavity section 3 and is fixedly connected to the pipe shell 2. The air chamber 603 is connected and communicated with one side of the piston cylinder. The component assembly 602 is used to detect the pressure and temperature data inside the air chamber. The component assembly 602 is electrically connected to the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack 5 through the lower joint pipe 7. The lower joint pipe 7 is connected to the lower downhole drill string. The lower joint pipe 7 is axially slidably connected between the upper joint pipe 1 and the pipe shell 2. It should be noted that there is a sealing ring between the lower joint pipe 7 and the upper joint pipe 1. The lower joint pipe 7 and the upper joint pipe 1 are relatively slidable, that is, they can move axially and can also rotate circumferentially;

[0049] A key connection section 8 for transmitting torque is provided between the pipe shell 2 and the lower joint pipe 7 to ensure that the torque of the pipe shell is smoothly transmitted to the lower joint pipe and the downhole drill string. The telescopic end of the piston cylinder 601 is connected to the top end of the lower joint pipe 7. The component assembly 602 can detect the pressure state in the air chamber 603, so as to monitor the axial displacement stroke of the lower joint pipe 7. When it exceeds the safe range, the access state of the clutch assembly 4 can be controlled through the hollow hydraulic jack 5, so as to cut off the torque transmission between the upper joint pipe 1 and the pipe shell 2, and further protect the use of the downhole drill string.

[0050] In some other embodiments, an anti-falling component 9 for preventing the pipe shell 2 from moving down is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint pipe 1 near the top end, and an anti-dropping component 10 for preventing the lower joint pipe 7 from falling is fixed at the bottom end of the pipe shell 2.

[0051] Specifically, the anti-falling component 9 includes an anti-falling ring 901 and an anti-falling ring cover 902. The anti-falling ring 901 is threadedly fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint pipe 1, and the anti-falling ring cover 902 is threadedly fixed on the inner wall top end of the pipe shell 2. The anti-falling ring 901 abuts against the bottom of the anti-falling ring cover 902 and prevents the anti-falling ring cover 902 and the pipe shell 2 from moving down; In specific implementation, in order to improve the sealing performance, a ring groove is opened on the inner wall of the anti-falling ring cover 902, and an O-ring is installed in the ring groove, so as to realize the sealing between the anti-falling ring cover 902 and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe 1;

[0052] The anti-dropping component 10 includes an anti-dropping ring 101 and an anti-dropping ring cover 102. The anti-dropping ring 101 is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7, and the anti-dropping ring cover 102 is threadedly connected to the bottom edge of the pipe shell 2. The anti-dropping ring cover 102 abuts against the bottom of the anti-dropping ring 101 and prevents the anti-dropping ring 101 and the lower joint pipe 7 from falling. Similarly, in order to improve the system sealing performance, an O-ring is provided between the anti-dropping ring cover 102 and the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7 to form a double-sealing-ring structure for preventing well fluid from invading. After installing the O-ring, it can effectively prevent well fluid from entering the device interior, protect the internal components from corrosion and damage, and further improve the reliability and durability of the device.

[0053] It should be noted that abutment is not a fixed connection relationship, and circumferential rotation can occur between the relative components.

[0054] In other specific embodiments, a thrust string bearing 11 is installed between the inner wall of the tube shell 2 and the outer wall of the upper joint tube 1. The thrust string bearing 11 is located below the anti-drop assembly 9. The thrust string bearing is the basis for the rotation between the tube shell 2 and the upper joint tube 1. The component can also ensure the downward pressure of the device and ensure the downward exploration of the downhole drilling tool.

[0055] In some other embodiments, the clutch assembly 4 includes a plurality of friction ring plates 401 and a torque engagement sleeve 402 arranged in a stacked manner, a plurality of key grooves 4011 are provided on the circumferential sides of the plurality of friction ring plates 401, and the torque engagement sleeve 402 is located outside some of the friction ring plates 401. It should be noted that when the torque engagement sleeve is located outside all the friction ring plates, the clutch will lose the torque cutting effect;

[0056] A plurality of splines 4021 are respectively provided on the inner and outer walls of the torque coupling sleeve 402 corresponding to the axial direction of the torque coupling sleeve, and a keyway matching the spline 4021 is provided on the inner wall of the tube shell 2. The torque coupling sleeve 402 rotates synchronously with the friction ring sheet 401 inside it and the tube shell 2 outside. The friction ring sheet 401 on the top layer is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint tube 1, and the friction ring sheet 401 on the bottom layer is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack 5. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack is the plunger of the jack. The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack 5 provides axial pressure and causes the plurality of friction ring sheets 401 to rotate synchronously. When the hollow hydraulic jack 5 does not provide axial pressure, the plurality of friction ring sheets are loosely abutted against each other, and the friction force between adjacent friction ring sheets cannot effectively transmit torque, so the torque transmission is interrupted.

[0057] In some other specific embodiments, the cylinder body side close to the piston cylinder 601 is connected and communicated with an air bin 603. The piston cylinder is not a conventional air cylinder, but has a sealed cylinder part and a piston rod part. There is gas in the sealed cylinder part, which is connected to the air bin 603. The movement of the piston rod part will link the change of the pressure and temperature conditions in the sealed cylinder part and the air bin, so as to know the movement amount of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder. The component assembly 602 is fixed on the air bin 603 and is used to detect the pressure and temperature data inside the air bin. The component assembly 602 is connected to the controller electrical signal of the hollow hydraulic jack 5. The outer side of the air bin 603 and the outer side of the component assembly 602 are provided with a thermal insulation layer to ensure that all electronic components in the component assembly 602 can operate at high temperature. For example, laying 4mm thick or thicker porous vacuum silicon can ensure the normal operation of the internal components of the device at 150°C.

[0058] It should be noted that the sensor in the component assembly needs to be calibrated before use, and the corresponding pressure, temperature and numerical change relationship of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder need to be obtained.

[0059] The component assembly 602 includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a battery, and a microprocessor. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature data in the gas chamber 603, the pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure data in the gas chamber 603, the microprocessor is electrically connected to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the battery supplies power to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack. The microprocessor can be connected to an external electronic control system to implement the setting of a predetermined program and online operation.

[0060] The component assembly 602 is partially close to the outer wall of the upper joint pipe 1, facilitating heat exchange between the internally flowing high-speed drilling fluid and the component assembly 602 to effectively cool and protect the components. This, in cooperation with the heat insulation layer, realizes the protection of the component assembly 602.

[0061] The air pressure sensor continuously detects the air pressure fluctuations in the gas chamber caused by the telescoping of the drill string. The microprocessor determines whether to trigger the retraction action of the plunger of the hydraulic jack according to a preset safety threshold. The microprocessor is connected to an external electronic control system, and the staff can dynamically adjust the torque protection threshold through the electronic control system and adaptively correct the safety range according to the formation hardness and drilling fluid pressure parameters.

[0062] The calculation method for monitoring the telescoping dynamics of the drill string by detecting the air pressure in the gas chamber in the present invention is as follows:

[0063] When the drill string telescopes, the movement of the piston (i.e., the telescoping end of the piston cylinder) causes a change in the gas volume in the gas chamber 603. The specific relationship is:

[0064] ΔV = AΔx

[0065] In the formula, A is the effective cross-sectional area of the piston, with the unit of m 2 ; Δx is the telescoping displacement of the drill string, with the unit of m; ΔV is the change in the gas volume in the gas chamber 603, with the unit of m 3 .

[0066] Assume that the gas in the gas chamber is an ideal gas and the temperature is constant (isothermal process). When the drill string displacement is Δx, the change in the gas volume in the gas chamber is ΔV = AΔx. According to the ideal gas state equation:

[0067] p0V0 = p(V0 + AΔx)

[0068] In the formula, p0 is the initial air pressure in the gas chamber, with the unit of Pa; V0 is the initial gas volume in the gas chamber, with the unit of m 3 ; ΔV is the change in the gas volume in the gas chamber.

[0069] It is derived that the relationship between the air pressure change (Δp) and the drill string telescoping displacement (Δx) is:

[0070]

[0071] When the downhole temperature changes significantly, the data T of the temperature sensor should also be introduced for correction:

[0072]

[0073] In the formula, T0 is the initial temperature of the temperature sensor, in units of K, and T is the real-time temperature collected by the temperature sensor, in units of K.

[0074] Therefore, the calculation formula for the telescopic displacement of the drill string after adding temperature correction is:

[0075]

[0076] In practical applications, data deviation may also occur due to piston cylinder friction, air chamber leakage or non-linear deformation. An experimental calibration method can also be adopted:

[0077] Δx = aΔp + b(Δp) 2 + C

[0078] In the formula, a method of combining static calibration and dynamic compensation is adopted. By measuring the air pressure under known displacements, the fitting coefficients a, b, and C are obtained, and the coefficients are adjusted in combination with the temperature data where a0 is the initial calibration coefficient.

[0079] The safety displacement threshold set during actual use is x max , and the torque protection function is executed when the following conditions are met:

[0080]

[0081] In some other embodiments, a support and limit sleeve 12 is fixed inside the shell 2 corresponding to the top region of the lower joint pipe 7. The inner wall of the support and limit sleeve 12 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7. The support and limit sleeve 12 is used to limit the telescopic end stroke of the piston cylinder 601, and the support and limit sleeve 12 also provides support and guidance for the movement of the lower joint pipe.

[0082] In some other specific embodiments, the support and limit sleeve 12 is located above the key connection section 8. The key connection section 8 is provided with a key block and a strip-shaped chute. The key block is slidably connected to the strip-shaped chute corresponding to the axial direction of the shell 2. The key block is fixed on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7, and the strip-shaped chute is opened on the inner side wall of the shell 2; or the key block is fixed on the inner wall of the shell 2, and the strip-shaped chute is opened on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7, as long as the torque transmission between the shell and the lower joint pipe is ensured.

[0083] In some other embodiments, a shoulder 201 is provided at the bottom end of the inner wall close to the shell 2, a step 701 is provided on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7 and close to the top side of the anti-falling assembly 10, a corrugated spring 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower joint pipe 7, the bottom end of the corrugated spring 13 abuts against the step 701, the top end of the corrugated spring 13 abuts against the shoulder 201, and the corrugated spring can buffer the telescoping of the downhole drill tool. In specific implementation, a pre-tightening gasket 14 can also be added at the end of the corrugated spring 13, and the pre-tightening gasket 14 can abut against the step 701 or the shoulder 201.

[0084] The principle and working process of the present invention are as follows:

[0085] Initial state:

[0086] At the beginning of the drilling operation, the device is in an initial static state. The plunger of the hollow hydraulic jack is in the ejected state, providing an upward thrust for the system. At this time, the friction ring plates in the clutch assembly are tightly abutted against each other. The torque is transmitted to the shell through the torque engagement sleeve, thereby driving the lower joint pipe and the tool at the lower end to rotate. The telescopic end of the piston cylinder in the drill tool stroke monitoring assembly is in a floating state, allowing the drill tool to perform normal telescopic movement.

[0087] In the process of torque transmission between components, the upper joint pipe 1 is transmitted to the torque engagement sleeve 402 through the friction ring plate 401 of the clutch assembly 4. The torque engagement sleeve 402 rotates synchronously with the shell 2. The key connection section 8 between the shell 2 and the lower joint pipe 7 causes the lower joint pipe 7 to rotate, and then drives the downhole drill tool to rotate;

[0088] Torque cut-off is to cut off the power transmission at the clutch assembly 4;

[0089] Displacement relationship of components in the telescopic state of the drill tool:

[0090] The telescoping of the downhole drill tool will directly cause the lower joint pipe 7 to have an axial displacement. The lower joint pipe 7 will move upward relative to the upper joint pipe 1 and the shell 2. Based on the axial relative displacement between the lower joint pipe 7 and the shell 2, at this time, the corrugated spring 13 is compressed to buffer the mechanical impact. In the upward movement state of the lower joint pipe 7, it directly causes the telescopic end of the piston cylinder to retract, and the pressure in the air chamber changes. The sensor detects the pressure value to judge the specific displacement of the lower joint pipe 7 and the downhole drill tool. In this process, there is no relative axial displacement between the shell 2 and the upper joint pipe 1.

[0091] Normal progress of the drilling operation:

[0092] When the bottom hole assembly drills in complex formations, due to the alternating hardness of the formation or the change in the cutting depth of the drill bit, the drill string will periodically undergo telescopic movement. The telescopic end of the piston cylinder senses the telescopic dynamics of the drill string in real time. The telescopic movement of the drill string will cause pressure changes in the gas inside the piston cylinder and the gas chamber. The pressure sensor and temperature sensor in the component assembly collect the pressure and temperature data in the gas chamber in real time and feedback them to the embedded microprocessor.

[0093] Execution of the torque protection mechanism:

[0094] When an abnormal telescopic displacement of the drill string is detected, the hollow hydraulic jack receives an instruction from the microprocessor and quickly retracts the plunger, making the friction ring plate in a loose abutting state. At this time, the torque engagement sleeve no longer transmits power, thus stopping the transmission of torque to the drill string.

[0095] Reset preparation and continued drilling:

[0096] When the telescopic displacement of the drill string returns to the safe range, the microprocessor will re-control the hollow hydraulic jack to eject the plunger, making the multi-layer friction ring plates fit tightly again and restoring torque transmission. The system enters the normal working mode, and the sensor assembly continuously monitors the telescopic dynamics of the drill string.

[0097] The heat insulation protection design of the present invention can extend the service life of the components. The heat insulation material on the outer layer of the component assembly can effectively isolate the influence of the high-temperature downhole environment on the sensors and controllers, ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data and the long-term stability of the equipment, and reduce the equipment maintenance cost and replacement frequency.

[0098] The structure design of the present invention is compact and has strong adaptability. The components are designed modularly, and the components are connected by threads and spline fits, ensuring the stability and reliability of the overall structure. At the same time, the device can adapt to drill strings of different sizes and various complex drilling environments, and has wide applicability.

[0099] The present invention realizes the real-time monitoring of the telescopic amount of the drill string through air pressure detection, and cuts off the torque transmission through the clutch assembly when the displacement exceeds the limit, protecting the drill string from fatigue damage.

[0100] For the device and usage method disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the description in the method section.

[0101] The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device, used for transmission connection of a rotary power source at the top and a downhole drilling tool at the bottom, characterized in that: include: An upper joint pipe (1), the upper joint pipe (1) being drivingly connected to an external rotating power source, the outer side of the upper joint pipe (1) being rotatably connected to a tube shell (2), an annular device installation cavity section (3) being provided between the inner wall of the tube shell (2) and the outer wall of the upper joint pipe (1); A clutch assembly (4), the clutch assembly (4) being located at the top of the device installation cavity section (3) and being used to connect the power between the upper joint tube (1) and the tube shell (2); A hollow hydraulic jack (5), the hollow hydraulic jack (5) being located in the middle of the device installation cavity section (3) and fixedly connected to the tube shell (2), the telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack (5) being connected to the clutch assembly (4) and used to control the connection state of the clutch assembly (4); A drilling tool stroke monitoring assembly (6), the drilling tool stroke monitoring assembly (6) comprising a piston cylinder (601), a component assembly (602) and an air chamber (603), the piston cylinder (601) being located at the bottom of the component installation cavity section (3) and being fixedly connected to the tube shell (2), the air chamber (603) being connected to and in communication with one side of the piston cylinder, the component assembly (602) being used to detect pressure and temperature data inside the air chamber, and the component assembly (602) being connected to an electrical signal of a controller of the hollow hydraulic jack (5); A lower joint pipe (7) is used for transmission connection with an external downhole drilling tool. The lower joint pipe (7) is axially slidably connected between the upper joint pipe (1) and the tube shell (2). A key connection section (8) for transmitting torque is provided between the tube shell (2) and the lower joint pipe (7). The telescopic end of the piston cylinder (601) is connected to the top end of the lower joint pipe (7). The movement of the telescopic end of the piston cylinder (601) changes the pressure and temperature state inside the gas chamber (603).

2. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-drop component (9) is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint tube (1) near the top end to prevent the tube shell (2) from moving downward, and an anti-drop component (10) is fixed on the bottom end of the tube shell (2) to prevent the lower joint tube (7) from falling.

3. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The anti-drop component (9) comprises an anti-drop ring (901) and an anti-drop ring cover (902); the anti-drop ring (901) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the upper joint tube (1); the anti-drop ring cover (902) is fixed to the top of the inner wall of the tube shell (2); the anti-drop ring (901) abuts against the bottom of the anti-drop ring cover (902) and prevents the anti-drop ring cover (902) and the tube shell (2) from moving downward; the anti-drop component (10) comprises an anti-drop ring (101) and an anti-drop ring cover (102); the anti-drop ring (101) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7); the anti-drop ring cover (102) is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the tube shell (2); the anti-drop ring cover (102) abuts against the bottom of the anti-drop ring (101) and prevents the anti-drop ring (101) and the lower joint tube (7) from falling downward.

4. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A thrust string bearing (11) is installed between the inner wall of the tube shell (2) and the outer wall of the upper joint tube (1), and the thrust string bearing (11) is located below the anti-drop assembly (9).

5. The downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clutch assembly (4) comprises a plurality of friction ring plates (401) and a torque engagement sleeve (402) arranged in a stacked manner, a plurality of key grooves (4011) are arranged on the circumferential sides of the plurality of friction ring plates (401), the torque engagement sleeve (402) is located on the outside of some of the friction ring plates (401), a plurality of splines (4021) are arranged on the inner and outer walls of the torque engagement sleeve (402) and correspond to the axial direction of the torque engagement sleeve, and a plurality of splines (4021) are arranged on the inner side wall of the tube shell (2) The torque engagement sleeve (402) is matched with the keyway of the spline (4021), and the friction ring sheet (401) inside it and the tube shell (2) outside it rotate synchronously. The friction ring sheet (401) on the top layer is fixed on the outer wall of the upper joint tube (1), and the friction ring sheet (401) on the bottom layer is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack (5). The telescopic end of the hollow hydraulic jack (5) provides axial pressure and promotes the synchronous rotation of multiple friction ring sheets (401).

6. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas chamber (603) is connected to and communicated with the cylinder body side of the piston cylinder (601), the component assembly (602) is fixed on the gas chamber (603), and a thermal insulation layer is provided on the outer side of the gas chamber (603) and the outer side of the component assembly (602).

7. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The component assembly (602) includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a battery and a microprocessor. The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature data in the gas chamber (603). The pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure data in the gas chamber (603). The microprocessor electrical signal connects the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack. The battery supplies power to the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the controller of the hollow hydraulic jack.

8. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A support and limit sleeve (12) is fixed on the inner side of the tube shell (2) and in the top area corresponding to the lower joint tube (7). The inner wall of the support and limit sleeve (12) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7). The support and limit sleeve (12) is used to limit the telescopic end stroke of the piston cylinder (601).

9. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The supporting and limiting sleeve (12) is located above the key connection section (8), and a key block and a strip slide groove are provided in the key connection section (8). The key block is connected to the strip slide groove in an axial sliding manner corresponding to the tube shell (2). The key block is fixed on the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7), and the strip slide groove is provided on the inner wall of the tube shell (2); or the key block is fixed on the inner wall of the tube shell (2), and the strip slide groove is provided on the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7).

10. A downhole drilling tool travel monitoring and torque protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A boss (201) is provided near the bottom end of the inner wall of the tube shell (2), a step (701) is provided on the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7) and near the top side of the anti-falling component (10), a wave spring (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the lower joint tube (7), the bottom end of the wave spring (13) abuts against the step (701), and the top end of the wave spring (13) abuts against the boss (201).

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