One-key starting system and method of small harvester

Abstract

The invention discloses a one-key starting system and method for a small harvester. The one-key starting system comprises a diesel engine, a starting motor installed on the diesel engine and used for starting the diesel engine, a storage battery and a starting control box. A knob switch and a starting switch are arranged on the starting control box, the knob switch is connected with a pressure reducing valve on the diesel engine through an inhaul cable, the inhaul cable can be pulled by rotating the knob switch to open the pressure reducing valve, the starting switch is loosened, and the pressure reducing valve can automatically reset and be closed under the internal pressure of the diesel engine; when the knob switch rotates to the position where the pressure reducing valve is opened, the starting switch can be triggered to act, the circuit between the starting motor and the storage battery is connected through the starting control line, and after the starting motor is started and the knob switch is loosened, the knob switch is reset, the starting switch is triggered to reset, and the circuit between the starting motor and the storage battery is disconnected. Opening and closing of the pressure reducing valve and starting and stopping of the starting motor are achieved through the knob switch, starting operation is easy, safety is higher, and starting difficulty is lowered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diesel engines for small harvesters, and particularly to a one - key start system and method for a small harvester. Background Art

[0002] In the current agricultural machinery market, diesel engines are the main power sources for agricultural machinery. Since diesel engines need to compress air to generate heat to reach the ignition point of diesel for combustion and release energy, they require a large compression ratio. A large compression ratio leads to a large starting resistance and it is difficult to reach the starting speed. Therefore, the diesel engines currently used in small harvesters are all equipped with decompression devices. Through the decompression device, the cylinder pressure is released during engine starting, making the operation easier. After reaching the starting speed, the engine enters the compression state, thus realizing smooth ignition and operation of the engine.

[0003] Considering various aspects such as usage cost, machine volume, and structural characteristics, almost all diesel engines of small harvesters currently usually adopt hand - pulling (shaking) start or are equipped with a small - power starting motor for auxiliary start, and the pressure relief valve needs to be manually pressed to start smoothly. When the operator actually uses it, hand - pulling start is laborious, with a large labor intensity, and improper operation may also cause machine damage or personal injury; during electric start, it often fails to start because the pressure relief valve is forgotten to be pressed or the pressing is not in place, resulting in machine failure to start or damage to the starting motor; at the same time, the pressure relief valve needs to be manually pressed every time for starting, and the operation is rather cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the above - mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a one - key start system for a small harvester to solve the problems of difficult starting, cumbersome operation, and high safety hazards in the prior art.

[0005] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A one - key start system for a small harvester includes a diesel engine, a starting motor installed on the diesel engine and used to start the diesel engine, a storage battery, and a start control box; The start control box is provided with a rotary switch and a start switch. The rotary switch is connected to the pressure relief valve on the diesel engine through a cable. Rotating the rotary switch can pull the cable to open the pressure relief valve. When the start switch is released, the pressure relief valve can automatically reset and close under the internal pressure of the diesel engine; The starter motor is connected to the battery through a battery connection line and is connected to the starter switch through a starter control line. When the knob switch is rotated to a position where the pressure reducing valve is opened, the starter switch can be triggered to connect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery through the starter control line, so that the starter motor is started. After the knob switch is released, the knob switch is reset, triggering the starter switch to reset and disconnect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery.

[0006] As an optimization, the knob switch includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the start control box, a knob is mounted on one end of the rotating shaft, and a dial plate that rotates with the rotating shaft is provided on the other end. The start switch has a paddle, and when the paddle plate rotates, it can paddle the start switch to activate or reset it.

[0007] As an optimization, the 30 terminal of the starter motor is connected to the positive pole of the battery through the first battery connecting line, the 50 terminal is connected to one end of the start switch through the second starting power line, and the C terminal is connected to the other end of the start switch through the starting control line. When the start switch is actuated or reset, the second starting power line and the starting control line can be connected or disconnected.

[0008] As an optimization, the negative electrode of the battery is connected to the housing of the diesel engine through a second battery connecting line, and the housing of the diesel engine is connected to the starting switch through a first starting power line.

[0009] As an optimization, an integrated circuit board assembly is provided in the start control box, and the integrated circuit board assembly has a positive power terminal, a start control terminal, and a ground terminal. The second start power line is connected to the positive power terminal, the first start power line is connected to the ground terminal, and the start control line is connected to the start control terminal. The start switch is installed on the integrated circuit board assembly and is used to control the on and off between the start control line and the second start power line.

[0010] As an optimization, a control chip is provided on the integrated circuit board assembly, and the start switch is connected to the control chip; a charging terminal is also provided on the integrated circuit board assembly, and the charging terminal is connected to the charging module of the diesel engine through a detection line. The charging module can detect the crankshaft speed of the diesel engine and send the speed signal to the control chip through the detection line. After receiving the signal, the control chip can control the start switch to disconnect.

[0011] Based on the above starting system, the present invention also provides a one-key starting method for a small harvester, comprising the following steps: a) The cable is pulled by rotating the knob switch to open the pressure reducing valve on the diesel engine, and when the knob switch is turned to the pressure reducing valve opening position, the start switch action is triggered; b) The starter switch is activated to connect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery, and the starter motor starts; c) After the starting motor starts, it drives the flywheel of the diesel engine to rotate. At this time, release the knob switch, and the pressure reducing valve resets and closes under the internal pressure of the diesel engine, and the diesel engine realizes ignition; at the same time, the return of the pressure reducing valve can drive the knob switch to reset, and the knob switch is disengaged from the start switch. After detecting the start success signal, the control chip immediately disconnects the circuit between the starting motor and the battery.

[0012] As an optimization, when the start switch acts, its action signal is fed back to the control chip, and the control chip can control the starting motor to be energized and de-energized with a time delay.

[0013] As an optimization, after the diesel engine ignites successfully, its speed signal is fed back to the control chip through the detection line, and the control chip controls the starting motor to be immediately powered off.

[0014] The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: The present invention, realizes the opening and closing of the pressure reducing valve and the starting and stopping of the starting motor through a knob switch. Specifically, the pressure reducing valve is pulled open by a cable and relies on its own reset. At the same time, the start switch is toggled by a dial on the knob switch to make it act, thereby connecting or disconnecting the power supply circuit of the starting motor, making the starting operation of the diesel engine simple, with higher safety and reducing the starting difficulty. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is the general assembly drawing of the present invention; Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the start control box in the present invention; In the figure, 1 is the pressure reducing valve, 2 is the knob switch, 3 is the starting motor, 4 is the charging module, 5 is the diesel engine, 6 is the start control box, 7 is the cable, 8 is the first start power line, 9 is the start control line, 10 is the second start power line, 11 is the detection line, 12 is the second battery connection line, 13 is the battery, 14 is the first battery connection line, 15 is the start switch, 16 is the integrated circuit board assembly, 17 is the dial, 18 is the charging terminal, 19 is the start control terminal, 20 is the power positive terminal, and 21 is the ground terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Specifically in implementation: Refer to Figure 1 - Figure 2 , the embodiment, a one-key start system for a small harvester, including a diesel engine 5, a starting motor 3 installed on the diesel engine 5 and used to start the diesel engine 5, a battery 13, and a start control box 6; The starting control box 6 is provided with a knob switch 2 and a starting switch 15. The knob switch 2 is connected to the pressure reducing valve 1 on the diesel engine 5 through a cable 7. Rotating the knob switch 2 can pull the cable 7 to open the pressure reducing valve 1. When the starting switch 15 is released, the pressure reducing valve 1 can automatically reset and close under the internal pressure of the diesel engine 5; The starting motor 3 is connected to the battery 13 through a battery 13 connecting wire and is connected to the starting switch 15 through a starting control wire 9. When the knob switch 2 is rotated to the position where the pressure reducing valve 1 is opened, it can trigger the starting switch 15 to act, so that it connects the circuit between the starting motor 3 and the battery 13 through the starting control wire 9, causing the starting motor 3 to start. After the knob switch 2 is released, the knob switch 2 resets, triggering the starting switch 15 to reset and disconnect the circuit between the starting motor 3 and the battery 13.

[0018] The opening and closing of the pressure reducing valve 1 and the starting and stopping of the starting motor 3 are realized through a knob switch 2. Specifically, the pressure reducing valve 1 is pulled to open through the cable 7 and relies on the self-reset of the pressure reducing valve 1. At the same time, the starting switch 15 is toggled to act by the dial 17 on the knob switch 2, so as to connect or disconnect the power supply circuit of the starting motor 3, making the starting operation of the diesel engine 5 simple, with higher safety and reducing the starting difficulty.

[0019] Specifically, the knob switch 2 includes a rotating shaft rotatably installed on the starting control box 6. One end of the rotating shaft is installed with a knob, and the other end is provided with a dial 17 that rotates with the rotating shaft. The starting switch 15 has a tab. When the dial 17 rotates, it can toggle the tab of the starting switch 15 to make it act or reset. Specifically, the starting switch 15 is a contact switch. When the tab is toggled by the dial 17, the contacts can be made to contact or separate, so that the circuit between the contacts is connected or disconnected. The structure is simple and the cost is low.

[0020] Among them, the 30 terminal of the starting motor 3 is connected to the positive pole of the battery 13 through a first battery connecting wire 14, its 50 terminal is connected to one end of the starting switch 15 through a second starting power supply wire 10, and its C terminal is connected to the other end of the starting switch 15 through a starting control wire 9. When the starting switch 15 acts or resets, the second starting power supply wire 10 and the starting control wire 9 can be connected or disconnected. The negative pole of the battery 13 is connected to the housing of the diesel engine 5 through a second battery connecting wire 12, and the housing of the diesel engine 5 is connected to the starting switch 15 through a first starting power supply wire 8.

[0021] During operation, when the contacts of the start switch 15 are closed, the second start power supply line 10 is connected to the start control line 9. Since the 50 terminal connected to the second start power supply line 10 is connected to the solenoid coil of the starting motor 3, after connection, a circuit is formed: positive pole of the battery 13 - second start power supply line 10 - solenoid coil - C terminal - start control line 9 - negative pole of the battery 13. The solenoid generates a magnetic field, causing the control iron core of the starting motor 3 to move, and thus making the C terminal connected to the 30 terminal through the contact piece, forming a power supply circuit: positive pole of the battery 13 - first battery connection line 14 - 30 terminal - C terminal - motor coil of the starting motor 3 - housing - negative pole of the battery 13, thereby starting the starting motor 3. At the same time, the gear of the starting motor 3 meshes with the flywheel of the diesel engine 5, thus driving the crankshaft of the diesel engine 5 to rotate. After starting for a few seconds, release the knob switch 2, the solenoid is de-energized, and the control iron core resets, disconnecting the C terminal from the 30 terminal, thereby cutting off the power supply to the starting motor. At the same time, the gear of the starting motor 3 disengages from the flywheel of the diesel engine 5, the pressure reducing valve 1 closes, and the flywheel compresses the air-fuel mixture by inertia to complete ignition.

[0022] Specifically, the specific structure of the start control box 6 is as follows. An integrated circuit board assembly 16 is provided in the start control box 6. The integrated circuit board assembly 16 has a power supply positive terminal 20, a start control terminal 19, and a ground terminal 21. The second start power supply line 10 is connected to the power supply positive terminal 20, the first start power supply line 8 is connected to the ground terminal 21, and the start control line 9 is connected to the start control terminal 19. The start switch 15 is installed on the integrated circuit board assembly 16 and is used to control the on-off between the start control line 9 and the second start power supply line 10.

[0023] A control chip is provided on the integrated circuit board assembly 16, and the start switch 15 is connected to the control chip; a charging terminal 18 is also provided on the integrated circuit board assembly 16. The charging terminal 18 is connected to the charging module 4 of the diesel engine 5 through a detection line 11. The charging module 4 can detect the crankshaft speed of the diesel engine 5 and send the speed signal to the control chip through the detection line 11. After receiving this signal, the control chip can control the start switch 15 to disconnect. Specifically, the output voltage or frequency of the charging module 4 can reflect the flywheel speed of the diesel engine 5, thereby feeding back the signal to the control chip. The control chip has a built-in delay on-off program, which can supply power to and cut off the power supply of the starting motor 3 after delaying a preset time according to the signal to better protect the starting motor 3.

[0024] Specifically, during ignition, the starting motor 3 can only be powered on after the pressure reducing valve 1 decompresses the single-cylinder diesel engine 5; after ignition ends, the starting motor 3 is delayed in power-off until the pressure reducing valve 1 is fully reset; when the single-cylinder diesel engine 5 ignites successfully, relevant information is fed back to the start control box 6, and the start control box 6 immediately cuts off the power supply of the starting motor 3 to prevent damage to the starting motor 3.

[0025] Based on the above starting system, the present invention also provides a one - key starting method for a small harvester, including the following steps: a) Rotating the knob switch 2 to pull the cable 7 to open the pressure reducing valve 1 on the diesel engine 5, and after the knob switch 2 is rotated to the position where the pressure reducing valve 1 is opened, triggering the start switch 15 to act; b) The start switch 15 acts to connect the circuit between the starting motor 3 and the battery 13, and the starting motor 3 starts; c) After the starting motor 3 starts, it drives the flywheel of the diesel engine 5 to rotate. At this time, release the knob switch 2, and the pressure reducing valve 1 resets and closes under the internal pressure of the diesel engine 5, and the diesel engine 5 ignites; at the same time, the return of the pressure reducing valve 1 can drive the knob switch 2 to reset, and the knob switch 2 is disengaged from the start switch 15. After detecting the start success signal, the control chip immediately disconnects the circuit between the starting motor 3 and the battery 13.

[0026] When the start switch 15 acts, its action signal is fed back to the control chip, and the control chip can control the starting motor 3 to be energized and de - energized with a time delay.

[0027] After the diesel engine 5 ignites successfully, its speed signal is fed back to the control chip through the detection line 11, and the control chip controls the starting motor 3 to be immediately de - energized.

[0028] In summary, the present invention solves the problems in the prior art that when starting a small harvester, it is necessary to manually press the pressure reducing valve first and then ignite, and the starting motor is easily damaged when the ignition is unsuccessful. Compared with the prior art, the start is more convenient, the structure is simple and reliable, and the use cost is low; at the same time, it can reduce the machine damage or potential safety hazards to personnel caused by improper starting to a certain extent.

[0029] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and basis of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention are only illustrative examples of the present invention, and in no way do the embodiments of the present invention constitute a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-button start system for a small harvester, characterized in that: It includes a diesel engine, a starter motor installed on the diesel engine and used to start the diesel engine, a battery and a starter control box; The start control box is provided with a knob switch and a start switch, and the knob switch is connected to the pressure reducing valve on the diesel engine through a cable. Rotating the knob switch can pull the cable to open the pressure reducing valve, and releasing the start switch can automatically reset and close the pressure reducing valve under the internal pressure of the diesel engine; The starter motor is connected to the battery through a battery connection line and is connected to the starter switch through a starter control line. When the knob switch is rotated to a position where the pressure reducing valve is opened, the starter switch can be triggered to connect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery through the starter control line, so that the starter motor is started. After the knob switch is released, the knob switch is reset, triggering the starter switch to reset and disconnect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery.

2. The one-button start system for a small harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The knob switch includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the start control box, a knob is mounted on one end of the rotating shaft, and a dial plate that rotates with the rotating shaft is provided at the other end. The start switch has a paddle, and when the paddle plate rotates, it can paddle the start switch to activate or reset it.

3. The one-button start system for a small harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The 30 terminal of the starter motor is connected to the positive electrode of the battery through the first battery connecting line, the 50 terminal is connected to one end of the start switch through the second start power line, and the C terminal is connected to the other end of the start switch through the start control line. When the start switch is actuated or reset, the second start power line and the start control line can be connected or disconnected.

4. The one-key start system for a small harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The negative electrode of the battery is connected to the housing of the diesel engine through the second battery connecting line, and the housing of the diesel engine is connected to the starting switch through the first starting power line.

5. The one-key start system for a small harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: An integrated circuit board assembly is provided in the start control box, and the integrated circuit board assembly has a positive power terminal, a start control terminal, and a ground terminal. The second start power line is connected to the positive power terminal, the first start power line is connected to the ground terminal, and the start control line is connected to the start control terminal. The start switch is installed on the integrated circuit board assembly and is used to control the on-off between the start control line and the second start power line.

6. The one-key start system for a small harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The integrated circuit board assembly is provided with a control chip, and the start switch is connected to the control chip; the integrated circuit board assembly is also provided with a charging terminal, and the charging terminal is connected to the charging module of the diesel engine through a detection line. The charging module can detect the crankshaft speed of the diesel engine and send the speed signal to the control chip through the detection line. After receiving the signal, the control chip can control the start switch to be disconnected.

7. A one-key starting method for a small harvester, characterized in that: The steps include: a) The cable is pulled by rotating the knob switch to open the pressure reducing valve on the diesel engine, and when the knob switch is turned to the pressure reducing valve opening position, the start switch action is triggered; b) The starter switch is activated to connect the circuit between the starter motor and the battery, and the starter motor starts; c) After the starter motor is started, it drives the diesel engine flywheel to rotate. At this time, release the knob switch, the pressure reducing valve resets and closes under the internal pressure of the diesel engine, and the diesel engine is ignited; at the same time, the return of the pressure reducing valve can drive the knob switch to reset, and the knob switch is out of contact with the starter switch. After detecting the successful start signal, the control chip immediately disconnects the circuit between the starter motor and the battery.

8. The one-key start system for a small harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the start switch is actuated, its action signal is fed back to the control chip, and the control chip can control the starter motor to delay power on and off.

9. The one-key start system for a small harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the diesel engine is successfully ignited, its speed signal is fed back to the control chip through the detection line, and the control chip controls the starter motor to cut off power immediately.

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