Exhaust gas dedusting and decarburizing equipment for marine diesel engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of diesel engine waste gas treatment, and discloses marine diesel engine waste gas dust removal and decarburization equipment which comprises a dust removal tank, a self-cleaning type filtering mechanism, a gas resistance mechanism, a treatment box, a partition plate, a gas turbulent flow mechanism, a solution mixing mechanism and a purification mechanism. The waste gas treatment efficiency is remarkably improved through multiple technical means of multi-stage dust removal, self-cleaning function, gas resistance adjustment, turbulent flow scattering, solution mixing and stirring and purification and adsorption. Particularly, the self-cleaning type filtering mechanism drives the filtering plate to vibrate through the air cylinder, so that the problem of blockage caused by long-term use is effectively avoided. According to the gas resistance mechanism, the flow rate of waste gas is accurately controlled through cooperation of the semicircular blocking balls and the blocking discs, then the waste gas entering the L-shaped pipeline is subjected to turbulent flow scattering through cooperation of the turbulent flow mechanism, the waste gas entering the alkaline solution is made to be uniform and dispersed, and it is avoided that large bubbles are generated in the whole decarburization process, and the decarburization effect is affected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of diesel engine exhaust gas treatment, and particularly to a marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of marine diesel engines, a large amount of exhaust gas emissions not only cause serious environmental pollution but may also have an adverse impact on the health of equipment and crew. Therefore, effective dust removal and decarbonization treatment of exhaust gas become particularly important. Existing marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment equipment usually includes a dust removal device and a decarbonization device, but there are some significant deficiencies.

[0003] Firstly, existing dust removal devices usually adopt a single filter or electrostatic precipitator. These devices are prone to dust accumulation after long-term operation, resulting in a decline in filtration efficiency, requiring frequent manual cleaning, with high maintenance costs and low efficiency. In addition, when dealing with a large flow of exhaust gas, these devices are prone to generating large bubbles, and these bubbles entering the subsequent decarbonization solution will reduce the decarbonization efficiency and even cause waste of the decarbonization solution.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment equipment that can effectively remove dust, efficiently decarbonize, self-clean, have low maintenance costs, and operate stably. The present invention provides a marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device, which effectively removes dust in the exhaust gas through a multi-stage filtration and self-cleaning mechanism, improves the decarbonization efficiency through a gas resistance and turbulence mechanism, and ensures the comprehensiveness and stability of exhaust gas treatment through a solution mixing mechanism and a purification mechanism. This device not only improves the treatment efficiency but also reduces the maintenance costs, achieving continuous and stable operation, and has important practical application value. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the defects of existing marine diesel engine exhaust gas treatment equipment in terms of low dust removal efficiency, poor decarbonization effect, and insufficient operation stability, the present invention provides a new type of marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device. The device significantly improves the overall performance of exhaust gas treatment through multiple technical means such as multi-stage filtration, self-cleaning function, gas resistance adjustment, turbulence dispersion, solution mixing and stirring, and purification and adsorption.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device, comprising:

[0007] A dust removal tank, which serves as the main body for dust removal of diesel engine exhaust gas and provides an installation position for other mechanisms;

[0008] A self-cleaning filtration mechanism, which is arranged inside the dust removal tank and is used for filtering impurities in the exhaust gas entering the inside of the dust removal tank and cleaning the intercepted impurities;

[0009] A gas resistance mechanism is installed on the right side of the dust removal tank and is used to lead out the filtered waste gas and apply resistance to avoid generating large bubbles when the waste gas enters the subsequent solution for decarbonization;

[0010] A treatment tank is connected to the end of the gas resistance mechanism and is used to accommodate the decarbonization solution and carry out decarbonization treatment on the filtered waste gas;

[0011] A partition plate is fixed inside the treatment tank and is used to divide the treatment tank into upper and lower layers;

[0012] A gas turbulence mechanism penetrates the treatment tank and is connected to the end of the gas resistance mechanism, and is used to guide the waste gas led out from the end of the gas resistance mechanism to the bottom of the treatment tank and disrupt and disperse the air flow thereof;

[0013] A solution mixing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank and is used to mix and stir the decarbonization solution to avoid precipitation;

[0014] A purification mechanism penetrates the top of the partition plate and is detachably connected thereto, and is used to purify and release the decarbonized waste gas.

[0015] Preferably, the self-cleaning filter mechanism includes a cross bar horizontally fixed at the center inside the dust removal tank. Two filter plates are slidably arranged on the outer diameter of the cross bar, and the outer diameter of the filter plates is also slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the dust removal tank. Two hollow columns are fixed at the left side of the inner wall of the dust removal tank and at the right side of the left filter plate. The right sides of the four hollow columns all penetrate and are slidably connected to compression rods. The left ends of the four compression rods are all fixed with pressing plates, and the pressing plates are all located inside the hollow columns and are slidably connected thereto. Auxiliary springs are arranged between the four pressing plates and the hollow columns. One ends of the four compression rods are respectively fixed to the two filter plates. A cylinder is fixed at the center of the right side of the dust removal tank. The output end of the cylinder penetrates the dust removal tank and is fixed with a hollow piston, and the hollow piston is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar and is slidably connected thereto. A main spring is arranged between the hollow piston and the right filter plate, and the main spring is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar. The pore diameters of the two filter plates gradually become smaller from left to right.

[0016] Preferably, the gas resistance mechanism includes an air outlet pipe that penetrates and is fixed at the right bottom of the dust removal tank. The end of the air outlet pipe is connected to the left top of the treatment tank. A blocking disc is fixed at the right side inner diameter of the air outlet pipe. Four slots arranged in a ring are provided on one side of the blocking disc. A sliding rod is fixed at the center of the left side of the blocking disc. A semi-circular blocking ball is slidably connected to the outer diameter of the sliding rod. The diameter of the longest part of the semi-circular blocking ball is 80% of the inner diameter of the air outlet pipe. A limiting semi-circular ball is fixed at the end of the sliding rod. A compression spring is arranged between the semi-circular blocking ball and the blocking disc, and the compression spring is located on the outer diameter of the sliding rod. When the compression spring is compressed to the limit, the adjacent surface of the semi-circular blocking ball and the blocking disc can block at least 50% of the slots.

[0017] Preferably, the gas turbulence mechanism includes an L-shaped pipe arranged inside the treatment tank. One end of the L-shaped pipe penetrates the treatment tank and is connected to the air outlet pipe. The other end of the L-shaped pipe penetrates the partition and is located below it. A plate film is installed at the end of the L-shaped pipe, and the plate film is made of polytetrafluoroethylene plate film.

[0018] Preferably, a lengthened rotating rod penetrates and rotates at the bent part of the L-shaped pipe. A blade is fixed at the end of the lengthened rotating rod, and the blade is located inside the L-shaped pipe. A small motor is fixed at the left top of the treatment tank, and the output end of the small motor penetrates the treatment tank and is fixedly connected to the lengthened rotating rod to drive the rotation of the lengthened rotating rod and the blade.

[0019] Preferably, the solution mixing mechanism includes two stirring rollers and a worm. The stirring rollers are horizontally arranged at the inner wall near the bottom of the treatment tank. One end of each stirring roller is coaxially and fixedly connected to a turbine. The axis of rotation of the turbine coincides exactly with the axis of the stirring roller. The worm is vertically arranged between the two turbines, and the turbine is meshed with the worm. A driving motor is fixed on the outer side wall of the treatment tank, and the output end of the driving motor is fixedly connected to the worm to drive the stirring roller to rotate around its axis through the meshing transmission of the worm and the turbine.

[0020] Preferably, the purification mechanism includes a hollow plate that penetrates the top of the partition and is detachably connected to it. Micro-holes are evenly distributed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate. A sieve plate is fixed at the middle inside of the hollow plate. Fillers are arranged in both cavities formed by the sieve plate and the hollow plate. The fillers are silica gel particles and activated carbon particles from bottom to top. The apertures of the micro-holes on the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate and the sieve plate are smaller than the particle sizes of the silica gel particles and the activated carbon particles. The fillers account for at least more than 60% of the cavity.

[0021] Preferably, the dust removal tank and the treatment tank are connected by two connecting frames. A dust discharge port penetrates and is fixed at the bottom of the dust removal tank.

[0022] Preferably, a uniformly distributed opening is provided on the right side of the top of the treatment box for discharging the rising gas.

[0023] Preferably, an intake connection pipe penetrates and is fixed on the left side of the dust removal tank for introducing the waste gas to be treated.

[0024] The present invention provides a marine diesel engine waste gas dust removal and decarbonization device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. Through multiple dust removal, self-cleaning function, gas resistance adjustment, turbulence dispersion, solution mixing and stirring, and purification and adsorption techniques, the present invention significantly improves the waste gas treatment efficiency. In particular, the self-cleaning type filtering mechanism vibrates the filter plate through the cylinder drive, effectively avoiding the blockage problem caused by long-term use.

[0026] 2. After the waste gas filtered by the present invention enters the outlet pipe, if the flow rate is large, the air flow will push the semi-circular blocking ball to compress the spring, causing the semi-circular blocking ball to move towards the spring side and reducing the air flow channel area, enhancing the resistance to the air flow; if the flow rate is small, the compressed spring will reset and push the semi-circular blocking ball to expand the channel area; through the elastic deformation of the spring and the dynamic adjustment of the positions of the semi-circular blocking ball and the blocking disc, the self-adaptive control of the flow rate is realized; when the flow rate is large, during the compression of the compressed spring, the air flow channel area decreases, and the resistance received by the air flow increases, thereby reducing the flow rate; as the flow rate decreases, the thrust of the air flow on the semi-circular blocking ball weakens, and the compressed spring will partially reset to expand the channel area. This dynamic adjustment process keeps the flow rate passing through the blocking disc relatively stable, avoids large fluctuations in the flow rate, realizes the dynamic stable control of the waste gas flow rate, and makes the air flow speed entering the L-shaped pipe uniform and controllable. Therefore, the gas resistance mechanism precisely controls the waste gas flow rate through the cooperation of the semi-circular blocking ball and the blocking disc, and then cooperates with the turbulence mechanism to disperse and break up the waste gas entering the L-shaped pipe, so that the waste gas entering the alkaline solution is uniform and dispersed, avoiding the generation of large bubbles during the entire decarbonization process and affecting the decarbonization effect.

[0027] 3. The solution mixing mechanism of the present invention ensures the uniform distribution of the decarbonization solution through the meshing transmission of the worm and the turbine, and cooperates with the control of the waste gas flow rate by the gas resistance mechanism to further ensure the contact effect between the waste gas and the solution and enhance the stability of the decarbonization treatment.

[0028] 4. The purification mechanism of the present invention further removes the residual impurities in the waste gas through the dual adsorption of silica gel particles and activated carbon particles. The present invention can be applied to the efficient treatment scenario of marine diesel engine waste gas, reduces the equipment maintenance cost, and extends the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the rear - view three - dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the front - view sectional structure of the dust - removal tank in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the top - view sectional structure of the dust - removal tank in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Exploded structure diagram of the cross - bar and the air cylinder in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the hollow column in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the front - view sectional structure of the air outlet pipe in the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the blocking plate and the semi - circular blocking ball in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 Left - view structure diagram of the blocking plate and the semi - circular blocking ball in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the front - view sectional structure of the treatment box in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the L - shaped pipe in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the upper - half part of the interior of the treatment box in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the front - view sectional structure of the hollow plate in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the lower - half part of the interior of the treatment box in the present invention.

[0043] Among them, 1. dust removal tank; 2. intake connection pipe; 3. cross bar; 31. filter plate; 32. hollow column; 321. auxiliary spring; 322. compression rod; 323. pressure plate; 33. main spring; 34. air cylinder; 35. hollow piston; 4. dust discharge port; 5. air outlet pipe; 51. blocking plate; 511. slotted opening; 52. semi-circular blocking ball; 53. sliding rod; 54. limiting semi-circular ball; 55. compression spring; 6. L-shaped pipe; 61. plate film; 62. small motor; 63. lengthened rotating rod; 64. blade; 7. treatment tank; 71. opening; 8. partition board; 9. hollow board; 91. sieve plate; 92. filler; 10. stirring roller; 101. turbine; 102. driving motor; 103. worm; 11. connecting frame. Specific embodiments

[0044] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, the device includes a dust removal tank 1, a self-cleaning filtering mechanism, a gas resistance mechanism, a treatment tank 7, a partition board 8, a gas turbulence mechanism, a solution mixing mechanism, and a purification mechanism. The dust removal tank 1 serves as the core body for waste gas treatment, providing an installation position for other mechanisms and completing preliminary dust removal operations. The left side of the dust removal tank 1 penetrates and is fixed with an intake connection pipe 2 for introducing the waste gas to be treated. After the waste gas enters the dust removal tank 1 from the intake connection pipe 2, it first passes through the self-cleaning filtering mechanism for impurity filtering and cleaning.

[0046] The core structure of the self-cleaning filtering mechanism is as Figures 3 to 6As shown in the figure, it includes a cross bar 3 horizontally fixed at the center inside the dust removal tank 1. Two filter plates 31 are slidably installed on the outer diameter of the cross bar 3, and the outer diameter of the filter plates 31 is slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the dust removal tank 1. Two hollow columns 32 are fixed on the left side of the inner wall of the dust removal tank 1 and on the right side of the left filter plate 31. Each hollow column 32 is internally provided with an auxiliary spring 321, a compression rod 322 and a pressure plate 323. The compression rod 322 passes through the hollow column 32 and is slidably connected thereto. The pressure plate 323 is located inside the hollow column 32 and is slidably connected thereto. The auxiliary spring 321 is arranged between the pressure plate 323 and the hollow column 32. One end of the compression rod 322 is fixedly connected to the filter plate 31. A cylinder 34 is fixed at the center on the right side of the dust removal tank 1. The output end of the cylinder 34 passes through the dust removal tank 1 and is fixed with a hollow piston 35. The hollow piston 35 is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar 3 and is slidably connected thereto. A main spring 33 is arranged between the hollow piston 35 and the right filter plate 31. The main spring 33 is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar 3. The pore diameters of the two filter plates 31 gradually decrease from left to right. There are at least two filter plates 31, and specifically, they can be increased according to the usage situation according to the installation method of the present invention, so as to achieve multi-stage filtration. When the cylinder 34 drives the hollow piston 35 to move, the hollow piston 35 pushes the right filter plate 31 to vibrate, and at the same time transmits the vibration to the left filter plate 31 through the main spring 33, so that the filter plate 31 slides along the cross bar 3 to remove the impurities attached to the filter plate 31. S1. After the waste gas enters the dust removal tank 1, it first passes through the coarse filtration of the left filter plate 31, and then passes through the fine filtration of the right filter plate 31 to complete multi-stage dust removal. S2. When a certain amount of impurities accumulate on the filter plate 31, the cylinder 34 is started. The cylinder 34 drives the hollow piston 35 to move to the left, and transmits the vibration to the two filter plates 31 through the main spring 33, so that the filter plate 31 slides along the cross bar 3 to remove the impurities attached to the filter plate 31. The impurities finally fall to the bottom of the dust removal tank 1 and are discharged through the dust discharge port 4.

[0047] The waste gas after being treated by the self-cleaning type filtering mechanism enters the gas resistance mechanism, such as Figures 7 to 9As shown in the figure, the gas resistance mechanism includes an air outlet pipe 5 that penetrates and is fixed at the right bottom of the dust removal tank 1. The end of the air outlet pipe 5 is connected to the left top of the treatment tank 7. A blocking disc 51 is fixed at the right side inner diameter of the air outlet pipe 5. Four annularly arranged slots 511 are provided on one side of the blocking disc 51. A sliding rod 53 is fixed at the center of the left side of the blocking disc 51. An outer diameter of the sliding rod 53 is slidably connected with a semi-circular blocking ball 52. The longest diameter of the semi-circular blocking ball 52 is 80% of the inner diameter of the air outlet pipe 5. A limiting semi-circular ball 54 is fixed at the end of the sliding rod 53. A compression spring 55 is arranged between the semi-circular blocking ball 52 and the blocking disc 51, and the compression spring 55 is located on the outer diameter of the sliding rod 53. When the waste gas flow rate is large, the air flow pushes the semi-circular blocking ball 52 to move towards the sliding rod 53, and the compression spring 55 undergoes elastic deformation, reducing the air flow channel area and enhancing the blocking effect on the air flow. When the waste gas flow rate is small, the compression spring 55 resets and pushes the semi-circular blocking ball 52 away from the blocking disc 51, expanding the air flow channel area. S3. After the waste gas enters the air outlet pipe 5 from the dust removal tank 1, if the flow rate is large, the air flow pushes the semi-circular blocking ball 52 to move towards the sliding rod 53, the compression spring 55 is compressed, the air flow channel area decreases, and the resistance received by the air flow increases, thereby reducing the flow rate. S4. As the flow rate decreases, the thrust of the air flow on the semi-circular blocking ball 52 weakens, and the compression spring 55 partially resets, pushing the semi-circular blocking ball 52 away from the blocking disc 51, expanding the air flow channel area. This dynamic adjustment process keeps the flow rate passing through the blocking disc 51 relatively stable, avoids large fluctuations in the flow rate, and realizes the dynamic stable control of the waste gas flow rate.

[0048] The waste gas after being adjusted by the gas resistance mechanism enters the gas turbulence mechanism, as Figures 10 to 12 shown, the gas turbulence mechanism includes an L-shaped pipe 6 arranged inside the treatment tank 7. One end of the L-shaped pipe 6 penetrates the treatment tank 7 and is connected to the air outlet pipe 5, and the other end penetrates the partition plate 8 and is located below it. A plate film 61 is installed at the end of the L-shaped pipe 6. The plate film 61 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The characteristics of the polytetrafluoroethylene plate film only allow gas to pass through, and can prevent alkaline solution from entering the L-shaped pipe 6. An extended rotating rod 63 penetrates and is rotatably connected at the bent part of the L-shaped pipe 6. A blade 64 is fixed at the end of the extended rotating rod 63, and the blade 64 is located inside the L-shaped pipe 6. A small motor 62 is fixed at the left side top of the treatment tank 7. An output end of the small motor 62 penetrates the treatment tank 7 and is fixedly connected to the extended rotating rod 63, for driving the extended rotating rod 63 and the blade 64 to rotate. S5. After the waste gas enters the L-shaped pipe 6 from the air outlet pipe 5, the small motor 62 drives the extended rotating rod 63 to rotate, driving the blade 64 to rotate, turbulently dispersing the waste gas, so that the waste gas is evenly dispersed into the decarbonization solution at the bottom of the treatment tank 7, avoiding the generation of large bubbles.

[0049] A solution mixing mechanism is provided inside the treatment tank 7, as Figure 14As shown in the figure, the solution mixing mechanism includes two stirring rollers 10 horizontally arranged at the bottom inside the processing tank 7 and a worm 103 vertically arranged between the two stirring rollers 10. One end of the stirring roller 10 is coaxially fixed with a turbine 101, and the rotation axis of the turbine 101 completely coincides with the axis of the stirring roller 10. The worm 103 is meshed and connected with the turbine 101. A driving motor 102 is fixed on the outer side wall of the processing tank 7, and the output end of the driving motor 102 is fixedly connected with the worm 103. The stirring roller 10 is driven to rotate around its axis through the meshing transmission between the worm 103 and the turbine 101. S6. After the driving motor 102 is started, the worm 103 rotates to drive the turbine 101 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring roller 10 to rotate, realizing the mixing and stirring of the decarburization solution. The decarburization solution can adopt an alkaline solution, and the addition amount of the alkaline solution is at least enough to cover the end of the L-shaped pipe 6, ensuring the uniform distribution of the decarburization solution and avoiding precipitation. In addition, since the worm 103 is located between the two turbines 101 and serves as a driving shaft, the two stirring rods 10 rotate in opposite directions. Then, the stirring rollers 10 rotating in opposite directions will form a two-way convective liquid flow in the processing tank 7, causing the decarburization solution to move staggeredly in the horizontal direction, breaking the local static state of the solution, accelerating the diffusion of solutes, ensuring the uniform concentration of the alkaline solution, and avoiding the accumulation of precipitation. The stirring rollers 10 on the front and rear sides of the end of the L-shaped pipe 6 can fully stir the solution in the area below the pipe through reverse rotation. After the waste gas is discharged from the L-shaped pipe, it can fully contact the uniformly distributed decarburization solution, improving the decarburization reaction efficiency. The stirring rollers 10 rotating in opposite directions will generate shear force in the solution, and can also break larger liquid masses or bubbles, cooperating with the control of the waste gas flow rate by the gas resistance mechanism, further ensuring the contact effect between the waste gas and the solution, and enhancing the stability of the decarburization treatment.

[0050] The waste gas after decarburization treatment enters the purification mechanism, such as Figure 13 As shown in the figure, the purification mechanism includes a hollow plate 9 penetrating through the top of the partition plate 8 and detachably connected thereto. Microholes are uniformly distributed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate 9. A sieve plate 91 is fixed in the middle inside the hollow plate 9. The sieve plate 91 and the hollow plate 9 form two cavities, and fillers 92 are arranged in the cavities. The fillers 92 are silica gel particles and activated carbon particles from bottom to top. The pore diameters of the microholes on the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate 9 and the sieve plate 91 are smaller than the particle diameters of the silica gel particles and the activated carbon particles, and the fillers 92 account for more than 60% of the cavity volume. S7. When the decarburized waste gas passes through the hollow plate 9, the residual impurities in the waste gas are adsorbed by the silica gel particles and the activated carbon particles twice, thereby realizing the deep purification of the waste gas. The purified waste gas is discharged through the opening 71 on the right side of the top of the processing tank 7.

[0051] This equipment achieves efficient waste gas treatment through the above-mentioned technical solution. In actual application, after the waste gas enters the dust removal tank 1 from the air inlet pipe 2, it passes through the self-cleaning filter mechanism to complete multi-stage dust removal, and the filter plate 31 is driven by the cylinder 34 to vibrate and remove impurities. Subsequently, the waste gas enters the gas resistance mechanism, and the dynamic and stable control of the flow rate is achieved through the cooperation of the semicircular blocking ball 52 and the blocking disk 51. After the waste gas enters the gas turbulence mechanism, the rotation of the blade 64 disturbs the waste gas and breaks it up, so that it is evenly dispersed into the decarbonization solution. The solution mixing mechanism ensures the uniform distribution of the decarbonization solution through the rotation of the stirring roller 10, thereby improving the decarbonization efficiency. Finally, the waste gas is deeply purified by the purification mechanism, and the purified waste gas is discharged through the opening 71. Throughout the process, the various mechanisms work together to ensure the comprehensiveness and stability of waste gas treatment, extend the service life of the equipment, reduce maintenance costs, and have important practical application value.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device, characterized in that, Including: A dust removal tank (1), which serves as the main body for dust removal of diesel engine exhaust gas and provides an installation position for other mechanisms; A self-cleaning filter mechanism, which is arranged inside the dust removal tank (1) and is used for filtering impurities from the exhaust gas entering the inside of the dust removal tank (1) and cleaning the intercepted impurities; A gas resistance mechanism, which is installed on the right side of the dust removal tank (1) and is used for leading out the filtered exhaust gas and applying resistance to avoid generating large bubbles when the exhaust gas enters the subsequent solution for decarbonization; A treatment tank (7), which is connected to the end of the gas resistance mechanism and is used for containing the decarbonization solution and carrying out decarbonization treatment on the filtered exhaust gas; A partition plate (8), which is fixed inside the treatment tank (7) and is used for dividing the treatment tank (7) into upper and lower layers; A gas turbulence mechanism, which penetrates through the treatment tank (7) and is connected to the end of the gas resistance mechanism, and is used for guiding the exhaust gas led out from the end of the gas resistance mechanism to the bottom of the treatment tank (7) and disturbing and dispersing its air flow; A solution mixing mechanism, which is arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the treatment tank (7) and is used for mixing and stirring the decarbonization solution to avoid precipitation; A purification mechanism, which penetrates through the top of the partition plate (8) and is detachably connected thereto, and is used for purifying the decarbonized exhaust gas and releasing it.

2. The marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self-cleaning filter mechanism includes a cross bar (3) horizontally fixed at the center inside the dust removal tank (1). Two filter plates (31) are slidably arranged on the outer diameter of the cross bar (3), and the outer diameter of the filter plates (31) is also slidably connected to the inner wall surface of the dust removal tank (1). Two hollow columns (32) are fixed at the left side of the inner wall of the dust removal tank (1) and on the right side of the left filter plate (31). The right sides of the four hollow columns (32) all penetrate through and are slidably connected to a compression rod (322). The left ends of the four compression rods (322) are all fixed with a pressure plate (323), and the pressure plates (323) are all located inside the hollow columns (32) and are slidably connected thereto. Auxiliary springs (321) are arranged between the four pressure plates (323) and the hollow columns (32). One ends of the four compression rods (322) are respectively fixed to the two filter plates (31). A cylinder (34) is fixed at the center of the right side of the dust removal tank (1). The output end of the cylinder (34) penetrates through the dust removal tank (1) and is fixed with a hollow piston (35), and the hollow piston (35) is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar (3) and is slidably connected thereto. A main spring (33) is arranged between the hollow piston (35) and the right filter plate (31), and the main spring (33) is located on the outer diameter of the cross bar (3). The pore diameters of the two filter plates (31) gradually become smaller from left to right.

3. The marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas resistance mechanism includes an air outlet pipe (5) that penetrates and is fixed at the right bottom of the dust removal tank (1). The end of the air outlet pipe (5) is connected to the left top of the treatment box (7). A blocking disk (51) is fixed at the right-side inner diameter of the air outlet pipe (5). Four slotted openings (511) arranged in a ring are provided on one side of the blocking disk (51). A sliding rod (53) is fixed at the center of the left side of the blocking disk (51). A semi-circular blocking ball (52) is slidably connected to the outer diameter of the sliding rod (53). The diameter of the longest part of the semi-circular blocking ball (52) is 80% of the inner diameter of the air outlet pipe (5). A limiting semi-circular ball (54) is fixed at the end of the sliding rod (53). A compression spring (55) is arranged between the semi-circular blocking ball (52) and the blocking disk (51), and the compression spring (55) is located on the outer diameter of the sliding rod (53). When the compression spring (55) is compressed to the limit, the adjacent surfaces of the semi-circular blocking ball (52) and the blocking disk (51) can block at least 50% of the slotted openings (511).

4. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas turbulence mechanism includes an L-shaped pipe (6) arranged inside the treatment box (7). One end of the L-shaped pipe (6) penetrates the treatment box (7) and is connected to the air outlet pipe (5). The other end of the L-shaped pipe (6) penetrates the partition plate (8) and is located below it. A plate film (61) is installed at the end of the L-shaped pipe (6), and the plate film (61) is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene plate film.

5. The marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An elongated rotating rod (63) penetrates and rotates at the bent part of the L-shaped pipe (6). A blade (64) is fixed at the end of the elongated rotating rod (63), and the blade (64) is located inside the L-shaped pipe (6). A small motor (62) is fixed at the left top of the treatment box (7), and the output end of the small motor (62) penetrates the treatment box (7) and is fixedly connected to the elongated rotating rod (63) to drive the rotation of the elongated rotating rod (63) and the blade (64).

6. The marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The solution mixing mechanism includes two stirring rollers (10) and a worm (103). The stirring rollers (10) are horizontally arranged at the inner wall near the bottom of the treatment box (7), and one end thereof is coaxially and fixedly connected to a turbine (101). The rotation axis of the turbine (101) completely coincides with the axis of the stirring roller (10). The worm (103) is vertically arranged between the two turbines (101), and the turbine (101) is meshed with the worm (103). A driving motor (102) is fixed on the outer side wall of the treatment box (7), and the output end of the driving motor (102) is fixedly connected to the worm (103). The rotation of the stirring roller (10) around its axis is driven by the meshing transmission of the worm (103) and the turbine (101).

7. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The purification mechanism includes a hollow plate (9), which penetrates through the top of the partition plate (8) and is detachably connected thereto. Micropores are uniformly distributed on both the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate (9). A sieve plate (91) is fixed at the middle inside the hollow plate (9). Filler materials (92) are arranged in the two cavities formed by the sieve plate (91) and the hollow plate (9). The filler materials (92) are silica gel particles and activated carbon particles from bottom to top. The pore diameters of the micropores on the upper and lower surfaces of the hollow plate (9) and the sieve plate (91) are smaller than the particle diameters of the silica gel particles and the activated carbon particles. The filler materials (92) account for at least more than 60% of the cavity volume.

8. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal tank (1) is connected to the treatment box (7) through two connecting frames (11). A dust discharge port (4) penetrates and is fixed at the bottom of the dust removal tank (1).

9. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Uniformly distributed openings (71) are provided at the right side of the top of the treatment box (7) for discharging the rising gas.

10. A marine diesel engine exhaust gas dust removal and decarbonization device according to claim 1, characterized in that, An intake connection pipe (2) penetrates and is fixed at the left side of the dust removal tank (1) for introducing the waste gas to be treated.

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