Hydraulic emergency stop valve

Abstract

The hydraulic emergency stop valve comprises a main valve and an emergency stop mechanism, the main valve achieves zero-leakage separation of a first working oil port and a second working oil port through linear sealing of a valve element and a sleeve sharp corner, and it is ensured that the system pressure is stable; the emergency stop mechanism adopts a mechanical interlocking design of double brake pins and a locking step, pressure can be released instantly and the emergency stop state can be locked by pressing a button, and the response time is extremely short; and during resetting, sealing can be recovered by one-key rotation of the button through the synergistic effect of the main spring and the torsional spring. The valve is purely mechanically driven, has no electric control dependence, has high reliability, quick response and convenience in operation, can effectively solve the problem that the valve is out of control due to oil pollution of a hydraulic system of the petroleum drilling machine, and remarkably improves the operation safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling rigs, and particularly to a hydraulic emergency stop valve. Background Art

[0002] During the operation of an oil drilling rig, the hydraulic system, as the core power driving device, is widely used in key actuators such as drawworks disc brakes, derrick hoisting, and drill pipe rotation. However, oil drilling rigs are often in harsh environments with high temperature, high humidity, and a lot of dust. The hydraulic oil is easily invaded by particulate contaminants, moisture, and chemical impurities, resulting in a sharp decline in the cleanliness of the oil. Oil contamination will cause problems such as spool jamming, seal wear, and system pressure fluctuations. Among them, spool jamming is particularly prominent. Once the hydraulic control valve cannot be opened and closed normally due to contamination, it will directly cause the actuator to get out of control. For example, if the drawworks disc brake system cannot relieve pressure due to spool jamming when hoisting the drill string, it will lead to brake failure and cause a drilling string slipping accident; if the hoisting hydraulic system loses pressure control due to valve failure during the derrick lowering process, it may cause the equipment to fall instantly, seriously threatening personnel safety and equipment integrity.

[0003] Traditional hydraulic emergency stop devices mostly adopt electric control or electro-hydraulic composite control methods, and trigger pressure relief by receiving an electrical signal through a solenoid valve. Such solutions have obvious defects: 1) Electric control components (such as sensors, electromagnetic coils) are prone to short circuits, corrosion, or signal interference in an oil-contaminated environment, resulting in misoperation or response failure; 2) There is an inherent delay in electrical signal transmission and solenoid valve operation, which is difficult to meet the millisecond-level emergency stop requirements in the sudden working conditions of the drilling rig; 3) The electric control system relies on an external power supply and completely loses its emergency function in case of power failure or circuit failure, posing a safety hazard.

[0004] To reduce the dependence on the electric control system, some improved solutions attempt to adopt a pure mechanical emergency stop valve, but its structural design still has limitations. For example, some mechanical valves use planar seals or O-ring seals, which are prone to leakage due to wear or deformation of the sealing surface under high-pressure conditions and cannot maintain a zero-leakage state for a long time; some other designs have a manual operation function, but the reset mechanism is complex and requires multiple operations or special tools, reducing the convenience of emergency response. In addition, the braking mechanisms of existing mechanical valves mostly adopt single-pin locking, which is prone to accidental tripping under severe vibration or impact loads, resulting in the inability to maintain the emergency stop state.

[0005] Therefore, developing a pure mechanical hydraulic emergency stop valve with fast response, zero-leakage sealing, one-key reset, and high reliability has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of safety control of oil drilling rigs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic emergency stop valve, which realizes instant pressure relief of the hydraulic system through pure manual operation, avoids relying on external control, and improves safety and response speed.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydraulic emergency stop valve, comprising a main valve and an emergency stop mechanism; the main valve comprises a valve body, a sleeve, a valve core, a push rod and a main spring; the sleeve is fixedly connected to the valve body by a thread, and a first working oil port and a second working oil port are arranged inside the sleeve, and the two oil ports are separated by a line seal formed by a conical surface of the valve core and a sharp angle of the sleeve; the upper end of the valve core is connected to the push rod by a thread, and the push rod passes through the valve body and extends to the inside of the sleeve, and a sealing ring is arranged between the push rod and the sleeve; the main spring is arranged between the sleeve and the spring gasket, and the spring gasket is fixed to the step of the push rod; The emergency stop mechanism comprises a shell, a button, a rotating gasket and a brake assembly; the shell is connected to the upper end of the valve body through an external thread, a button is arranged in the shell, and the middle part of the button cooperates with the waist-shaped hole of the rotating gasket through a first flat square; the lower end of the rotating gasket is provided with three bosses and cooperates with the groove of the shell, and the upper end of the rotating gasket is fixed by a retaining spring; the brake assembly comprises a first brake pin, a second brake pin and a return spring; the lower end of the button is provided with a second flat square, and the second flat square is provided with a first brake pin hole and a second brake pin hole to respectively accommodate the first brake pin and the second brake pin, and the first return spring and the second return spring are used to realize the elastic return of the brake pin; the lower end of the shell is provided with a locking step to limit the travel of the brake pin; The hydraulic emergency stop valve has a neutral sealing state, an emergency stop pressure relief state and a reset state: in the neutral state, the conical surface of the valve core and the sharp corner of the sleeve form a line seal to block the connection between the first working oil port and the second working oil port; in the emergency stop state, pressing the button pushes the brake pin downward, driving the push rod and the valve core downward, so that the first working oil port and the second working oil port are connected to release pressure, and the brake pin is stuck under the locking step; in the reset state, rotating the button clockwise disengages the brake pin from the locking step, the main spring pushes the valve core to reset, and at the same time the torsion spring drives the rotating gasket to rotate back to the initial position.

[0008] Preferably, a torsion spring is provided between the rotating gasket and the shell, the lower end of the torsion spring is inserted into the first limiting hole of the shell, and the upper end is inserted into the second limiting hole of the rotating gasket, so as to provide a rotational reset force for the button.

[0009] Preferably, a guide hole is provided in the housing, and the end faces of the first brake pin and the second brake pin are in contact with the guide hole in the neutral state, thereby ensuring the axial movement accuracy of the brake pin.

[0010] Preferably, the lower end of the button is connected to a limit gasket via a thread, and the limit gasket is used to limit the downward movement of the push rod in the emergency stop state.

[0011] Preferably, the first working oil port of the main valve is located in the middle of the sleeve, and the second working oil port is located on the end surface of the sleeve, and the connection or isolation of the two oil ports is controlled by the axial movement of the valve core.

[0012] The working process of the present invention is as follows: The working process of the present invention is divided into a middle position sealing state, an emergency stop pressure relief state, and a reset state; Middle position sealing state: When the hydraulic system is working normally, the valve core of the main valve forms a line seal through the lower conical surface thereof and the sharp corner of the sleeve, cutting off the connection between the first working oil port and the second working oil port; the main spring is in a compressed state, acting on the push rod through the spring gasket, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the valve core through a thread to ensure the stability of the sealing state; a sealing ring is provided between the push rod and the sleeve to prevent oil leakage.

[0013] Emergency stop pressure relief state: When an emergency stop is triggered, press the button, and the button drives the first brake pin and the second brake pin to move downward along the guiding hole of the housing through the second flat side, pushing the push rod and the valve core downward; the valve core disengages from the sharp corner of the sleeve, and the first working oil port is communicated with the second working oil port, and the hydraulic system is depressurized; the first brake pin and the second brake pin cross the locking step of the housing and are stuck into the lower end surface thereof to lock the emergency stop state; the limit gasket is connected to the lower end of the button through a thread to limit the downward movement stroke of the push rod to ensure that the pressure relief channel is fully opened.

[0014] Reset state: After the fault is eliminated, rotate the button clockwise, and the first flat side of the button drives the waist-shaped hole of the rotating gasket, so that the convex platform of the rotating gasket disengages from the groove of the housing; the main spring pushes the push rod and the valve core upward, and the conical surface of the valve core forms a line seal with the sharp corner of the sleeve again, blocking the connection of the oil ports; the lower end of the torsion spring is fixed to the first limit hole of the housing, and the upper end acts on the second limit hole of the rotating gasket, driving the rotating gasket to rotate counterclockwise, and the convex platform is re-embedded into the groove to complete the reset.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Through the line seal cooperation between the conical surface of the valve core and the sharp corner of the sleeve, the present invention cuts off the connection between the first working oil port and the second working oil port, and can still maintain zero leakage under high-pressure working conditions, ensuring the pressure stability of the hydraulic system and avoiding energy loss or control failure caused by leakage.

[0016] (2) Through the mechanical interlock design of the double brake pins and the locking step, and in cooperation with the direct drive of the button, the pressure relief channel is instantly opened and the emergency stop state is locked after pressing, and the response time can be shortened to the millisecond level, effectively preventing major safety accidents such as drill string slipping or equipment falling.

[0017] (3) Through the synergistic action of the main spring and the torsion spring, the valve core can be automatically reset to the sealing position only by rotating the button clockwise, and at the same time, the convex platform of the rotating gasket is re-engaged with the groove, without complex operations or auxiliary tools, significantly improving the emergency recovery efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the sealing structure of the first working oil port and the second working oil port; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the housing; Figure 4 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the rotating gasket; Figure 5 Schematic assembly diagram of the button and the brake pin; In the figure: 1 - main valve, 2 - emergency stop mechanism, 11 - valve body, 12 - spring gasket, 13 - main spring, 14 - sleeve, 15 - push rod, 16 - valve core, 17 - sealing ring, 21 - button, 22 - snap ring, 23 - rotating gasket, 24 - torsion spring, 25 - housing, 26 - second brake pin, 27 - second return spring, 28 - first brake pin, 29 - first return spring, 30 - limit gasket, 101 - first working oil port, 102 - second working oil port, 211 - first flat side, 212 - second flat side, 213 - first brake pin hole, 214 - second brake pin hole, 231 - second limit hole, 232 - kidney-shaped hole, 233 - boss, 251 - groove, 252 - locking step, 253 - first limit hole, 254 - guide hole. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] As Figure 1A hydraulic emergency stop valve shown in the figure comprises a main valve 1 and an emergency stop mechanism 2; the main valve 1 comprises a valve body 11, a sleeve 14, a valve core 16, a push rod 15 and a main spring 13; the sleeve 14 is fixedly connected to the valve body 11 by threads, and is provided with a first working oil port 101 and a second working oil port 102 inside, and the two oil ports are separated by a line seal formed by the conical surface of the valve core 16 and the sharp corner of the sleeve 14; the upper end of the valve core 16 is connected to the push rod 15 by threads, and the push rod 15 passes through the valve body 11 and extends to the inside of the sleeve 14, and a sealing ring 17 is provided between the push rod 15 and the sleeve 14; the main spring 13 is arranged between the sleeve 14 and the spring gasket 12, and the spring gasket 12 is fixed to the step of the push rod 15; the emergency stop mechanism 2 comprises a shell 25, a button 21, a rotating gasket 23 and a brake assembly; the shell 25 is connected by The external thread is connected to the upper end of the valve body 11, and a button 21 is arranged in the housing 25. The middle part of the button 21 cooperates with the waist-shaped hole 232 of the rotating gasket 23 through the first flat square 211; the lower end of the rotating gasket 23 is provided with three bosses 233 and cooperates with the groove 251 of the housing 25, and the upper end of the rotating gasket 23 is fixed by the retaining spring 22; the brake assembly includes a first brake pin 28, a second brake pin 26 and a return spring; the lower end of the button 21 is provided with a second flat square 212, and the second flat square 212 is provided with a first brake pin hole 213 and a second brake pin hole 214 to respectively accommodate the first brake pin 28 and the second brake pin 26, and the first return spring 29 and the second return spring 27 are used to realize the elastic return of the brake pin; the lower end of the housing 25 is provided with a locking step 252 for limiting the travel of the brake pin; The hydraulic emergency stop valve has a neutral sealing state, an emergency stop pressure relief state and a reset state: in the neutral state, the conical surface of the valve core 16 and the sharp corner of the sleeve 14 form a line seal to block the connection between the first working oil port 101 and the second working oil port 102; in the emergency stop state, pressing the button 21 pushes the brake pin downward, driving the push rod 15 and the valve core 16 to move downward, so that the first working oil port 101 and the second working oil port 102 are connected and pressure is relieved, and the brake pin is stuck under the locking step 252; in the reset state, rotating the button 21 clockwise to disengage the brake pin from the locking step 252, the main spring 13 pushes the valve core 16 to reset, and at the same time the torsion spring 24 drives the rotating gasket 23 to rotate to the initial position.

[0021] A torsion spring 24 is provided between the rotating gasket 23 and the housing 25 . The lower end of the torsion spring 24 is inserted into the first limiting hole 253 of the housing 25 , and the upper end of the torsion spring 24 is inserted into the second limiting hole 231 of the rotating gasket 23 , so as to provide a rotational restoring force for the button 21 .

[0022] A guide hole 254 is provided in the housing 25. In the neutral state, the end faces of the first brake pin 28 and the second brake pin 26 are in contact with the guide hole 254, thereby ensuring the axial movement accuracy of the brake pins.

[0023] The lower end of the button 21 is threadedly connected with a limit gasket 30, and the limit gasket 30 is used to limit the downward movement stroke of the push rod 15 in the emergency stop state.

[0024] The first working oil port 101 of the main valve 1 is located in the middle of the sleeve 14, and the second working oil port 102 is located at the end face of the sleeve 14. The communication or cut-off of the two oil ports is controlled by the axial movement of the valve core 16.

[0025] The working process of the present invention is as follows: The working process of the present invention is divided into a middle position sealing state, an emergency stop pressure relief state, and a reset state; Middle position sealing state: When the hydraulic system is working normally, the valve core 16 of the main valve 1 forms a line seal through the lower conical surface thereof and the sharp angle of the sleeve 14, cutting off the communication between the first working oil port 101 and the second working oil port 102; the main spring 13 is in a compressed state, acting on the push rod 15 through the spring gasket 12, and the push rod 15 is fixedly connected with the valve core 16 by threads to ensure the stability of the sealing state; a sealing ring 17 is provided between the push rod 15 and the sleeve 14 to prevent oil leakage.

[0026] Emergency stop pressure relief state: When an emergency stop is triggered, press the button 21. The button 21 drives the first brake pin 28 and the second brake pin 26 to move downward along the guide hole 254 of the housing 25 through the second flat side 212, pushing the push rod 15 and the valve core 16 to move downward; the valve core 16 disengages from the sharp angle of the sleeve 14, and the first working oil port 101 is communicated with the second working oil port 102, and the hydraulic system is depressurized; the first brake pin 28 and the second brake pin 26 cross the locking step 252 of the housing 25 and are stuck into its lower end face to lock the emergency stop state; the limit gasket 30 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the button 21 to limit the downward movement stroke of the push rod 15 and ensure that the pressure relief channel is fully opened.

[0027] Reset state: After the fault is eliminated, rotate the button 21 clockwise. The first flat side 211 of the button 21 drives the waist-shaped hole 232 of the rotating gasket 23, so that the convex platform 233 of the rotating gasket 23 disengages from the limiting end face of the groove 251 of the housing 25; the main spring 13 pushes the push rod 15 and the valve core 16 to move upward, and the conical surface of the valve core 16 forms a line seal with the sharp angle of the sleeve 14 again to block the communication of the oil ports; the lower end of the torsion spring 24 is fixed to the first limiting hole 253 of the housing 25, and the upper end acts on the second limiting hole 231 of the rotating gasket 23 to drive the rotating gasket 23 to rotate counterclockwise until the convex platform 233 contacts and limits the end face of the groove 251 again to complete the reset.

[0028] The above are only the preferred examples of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the technical inspiration provided by the present invention, as common general knowledge in the hydraulic field, other equivalent variations and improvements can also be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic emergency stop valve, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main valve (1) and an emergency stop mechanism (2); the main valve (1) comprises a valve body (11), a sleeve (14), a valve core (16), a push rod (15) and a main spring (13); the sleeve (14) is fixedly connected to the valve body (11) by means of a thread, and is provided with a first working oil port (101) and a second working oil port (102) inside the sleeve (14), and the two oil ports are separated by a line seal formed by a conical surface of the valve core (16) and a sharp corner of the sleeve (14); the upper end of the valve core (16) is connected to the push rod (15) by means of a thread, the push rod (15) passes through the valve body (11) and extends into the sleeve (14), and a sealing ring (17) is provided between the push rod (15) and the sleeve (14); the main spring (13) is arranged between the sleeve (14) and a spring gasket (12), and the spring gasket (12) is fixed to the step of the push rod (15); The emergency stop mechanism (2) comprises a housing (25), a button (21), a rotating gasket (23) and a brake assembly; the housing (25) is connected to the upper end of the valve body (11) via an external thread; a button (21) is provided in the housing (25); the middle of the button (21) cooperates with a waist-shaped hole (232) of the rotating gasket (23) via a first flat square (211); three bosses (233) are provided at the lower end of the rotating gasket (23) and are limitedly cooperated with a groove (251) of the housing (25); the upper end of the rotating gasket (23) is fixed by a retaining spring (22) The brake assembly comprises a first brake pin (28), a second brake pin (26) and a return spring; a second flat square (212) is provided at the lower end of the button (21), a first brake pin hole (213) and a second brake pin hole (214) are provided on the second flat square (212) and respectively accommodate the first brake pin (28) and the second brake pin (26), and elastic return of the brake pin is achieved by means of a first return spring (29) and a second return spring (27); a locking step (252) is provided at the lower end of the housing (25) for limiting the travel of the brake pin; The hydraulic emergency stop valve has a neutral sealing state, an emergency stop pressure relief state and a reset state: in the neutral state, the conical surface of the valve core (16) and the sharp corner of the sleeve (14) form a line seal to block the communication between the first working oil port (101) and the second working oil port (102); in the emergency stop state, pressing the button (21) pushes the brake pin downward, driving the push rod (15) and the valve core (16) downward, so that the first working oil port (101) and the second working oil port (102) are connected and pressure is relieved, and the brake pin is stuck under the locking step (252); in the reset state, rotating the button (21) clockwise to disengage the brake pin from the locking step (252), the main spring (13) pushes the valve core (16) to reset, and the torsion spring (24) drives the rotating gasket (23) to rotate back to the initial position.

2. A hydraulic emergency stop valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A torsion spring (24) is provided between the rotating gasket (23) and the housing (25); the lower end of the torsion spring (24) is inserted into the first limiting hole (253) of the housing (25), and the upper end of the torsion spring (24) is inserted into the second limiting hole (231) of the rotating gasket (23), so as to provide a rotational reset force for the button (21).

3. A hydraulic emergency stop valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A guide hole (254) is provided in the housing (25); in the neutral state, the end faces of the first brake pin (28) and the second brake pin (26) are in contact with the guide hole (254), thereby ensuring the axial movement accuracy of the brake pins.

4. A hydraulic emergency stop valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the button (21) is connected to a limit washer (30) via a thread, and the limit washer (30) is used to limit the downward movement of the push rod (15) in the emergency stop state.

5. A hydraulic emergency stop valve according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first working oil port (101) of the main valve (1) is located in the middle of the sleeve (14), and the second working oil port (102) is located on the end surface of the sleeve (14). The connection or disconnection of the two oil ports is controlled by the axial movement of the valve core (16).

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