Damper and aircraft
By combining the design of buffer elastomer, magnetorheological fluid and buffer gas, the vibration damper is multi-level adjustable in different frequency bands, which solves the problem of poor performance of traditional vibration dampers in the low frequency band and achieves the vibration reduction effect of integrated active and passive control.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510313895.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-17
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-16
- Estimated Expiration
- 2045-03-17
AI Technical Summary
Existing vibration dampers are not effective in controlling vibration in the low-frequency range. Traditional methods cannot meet the vibration isolation requirements of high-precision mechanical equipment and cannot achieve active or semi-active adjustment.
Using a buffer elastomer, magnetorheological fluid, and buffer gas as the working medium, the vibration frequency is monitored by a sensor, and the current of the excitation coil is adjusted to change the viscosity and flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid. Combined with the damping force adjustment of the buffer elastomer and the magnetorheological fluid, multi-level range adjustment and adaptive stiffness change are achieved.
It achieves multi-level adjustment of the vibration damper in low, medium and high frequency bands, has an integrated active and passive control effect, adapts to the vibration requirements of different frequency bands, and improves the stability and comfort of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN120159889B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vibration reduction, and in particular to a vibration damper and an aircraft. BACKGROUND
[0002] With the development of industrial technology, the operation reliability, working accuracy, stability and working comfort of mechanical equipment are increasingly required. Vibration and noise seriously affect the fatigue resistance, stability and environmental adaptability of equipment, greatly reducing the performance and life of the equipment. In the machine manufacturing industry, nearly 80% of accidents and equipment damage are caused by vibration impact, and the noise generated by vibration can reduce the concealment and combat effectiveness of military equipment, not only causing material loss, but also causing a large amount of economic loss. Therefore, vibration and noise reduction has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY
[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a vibration damper and an aircraft to solve the problem of vibration and noise reduction.
[0004] To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:
[0005] In one aspect, a vibration damper is provided, comprising: a housing having an opening at one end; a core shaft extending into the housing from the opening at one end; a buffer elastic body sleeved on one end of the core shaft and arranged in the housing; a first floating slide plate arranged in the housing and located on a side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening, the buffer elastic body being connected to the first floating slide plate and an inner wall of the housing; a magnetorheological device arranged in the housing and located on a side of the first floating slide plate away from the buffer elastic body, the first floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device and the housing cooperating to enclose a first magnetorheological liquid chamber filled with magnetorheological liquid; and a second floating slide plate arranged in the housing and located on a side of the magnetorheological device away from the first floating slide plate, the second floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device and the housing cooperating to enclose a second magnetorheological liquid chamber filled with magnetorheological liquid, the second floating slide plate and the housing cooperating to enclose a gas chamber filled with buffer gas; wherein the magnetorheological device is configured to control the flow or stillness of the magnetorheological liquid between the first magnetorheological liquid chamber and the second magnetorheological liquid chamber with the vibration of the core shaft.
[0006] In some embodiments, the shock absorber has intersecting first and second directions; the housing includes a cylinder, a first plate, and a second plate, the cylinder having two oppositely disposed ends in the first direction, the first plate and the second plate being respectively disposed at opposite ends of the cylinder; the buffer elastic body includes a first buffer elastic part, a second buffer elastic part, and a third buffer elastic part, the second buffer elastic part being connected to the first buffer elastic part and the third buffer elastic part in the first direction, the end face of the first buffer elastic part abutting against the first plate or having a gap, the outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part being slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder, and the third buffer elastic part being connected to the first floating plate; the first buffer elastic part, the cylinder, and the first plate cooperate to form a first sub-deformation chamber, the third buffer elastic part, the cylinder, and the first floating plate cooperate to form a second sub-deformation chamber, and the third buffer elastic part and the first floating plate cooperate to form a third sub-deformation chamber.
[0007] In some embodiments, the dimension of the first buffer elastic part in the second direction is smaller than the dimension of the second buffer elastic part in the second direction; the dimension of the third buffer elastic part in the second direction is smaller than the dimension of the second buffer elastic part in the second direction.
[0008] In some embodiments, the mandrel includes a head and a rod connected together; a first buffer elastic part has a first through hole, a second buffer elastic part has a second through hole communicating with the first through hole, the head is disposed in the second through hole, and one end of the rod is disposed in the first through hole.
[0009] In some embodiments, the rod is a hollow structure, comprising a first segment and a second segment. One end of the first segment is connected to the head, and the other end of the first segment is connected to the second segment. The second segment has a smaller dimension in the second direction than the first segment in the second direction, and the second segment has a connecting hole.
[0010] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological device includes a liner and an excitation coil, the excitation coil being wound around the outer peripheral wall of the liner; the vibration damper also includes a sensor disposed at the bottom of the housing, the sensor being used to monitor the vibration frequency of the external excitation, and the excitation coil being supplied with a corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation to achieve damping force output.
[0011] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological device further includes a first one-way flux valve and a second one-way flux valve. A first channel and a second channel are provided on the liner. The first channel is provided with the first one-way flux valve, and the second channel is provided with the second one-way flux valve. The first one-way flux valve is configured to open the first channel to allow the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber. The second one-way flux valve is configured to open the second channel to allow the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber.
[0012] In some embodiments, when the frequency of the external excitation is below 200Hz and the buffer elastic body is in a tensile state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel; when the frequency of the external excitation is below 200Hz and the buffer elastic body is in a compressive state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second channel.
[0013] In some embodiments, when the frequency of the external excitation is above 200Hz, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel.
[0014] In some embodiments, the shock absorber further comprises: a first sealing assembly sleeved on the first floating slide plate; and a second sealing assembly sleeved on the second floating slide plate.
[0015] In another aspect, a flying vehicle is provided, comprising the shock absorber described above.
[0016] Another technical solution in the above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects: the shock absorber has a semi-active control characteristic, the size of the magnetic induction intensity is changed by adjusting the size of the current in the excitation coil, thereby adjusting the viscosity of the MR fluid. The state of the MR fluid is adjusted according to the frequency of the external excitation. When the frequency of the external excitation is below 200Hz, the opening or closing of the one-way magnetic flux valve is controlled to change the flow direction of the MR fluid. The damping force and the stiffness of the shock absorber can be adjusted by the buffer elastic body, the MR fluid and the buffer gas. When the frequency of the external excitation is above 200Hz, the damping force is mainly generated by the buffer elastic body. Therefore, the damping of the shock absorber is realized in multiple stages, and the stiffness of the shock absorber is realized in adaptive change, thereby achieving the damping effect of active and passive integrated control.
[0017] Further, the buffer elastic body, the MR fluid and the buffer gas (such as nitrogen) are used as working media, wherein the damping force is mainly monitored in real time by the sensor according to the frequency of the external excitation, the size of the current in the excitation coil is changed according to the need to adjust the magnetic induction intensity generated by the coil, thereby changing the state (flow or static) of the MR fluid, and the purpose of adjustable damping force is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present application, but not limit the present application, wherein:
[0019] Figure 1 The overall structure of the shock absorber provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.
[0020] Figure 2 The exploded structural diagram of the shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0021] Figure 3 The bottom view of the shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present application;
[0022] Figure 4 The Figure 3 The sectional view along the H-H direction.
[0023] Figure 5 The Figure 4 The partial enlarged view mainly showing the structure of the magnetorheological device.
[0024] The components in the drawings are identified as follows:
[0025] 1 housing; 10 opening; 11 cylinder; 12 first plate; 13 second plate;
[0026] 2 mandrel; 21 head; 22 rod; 221 first section; 222 second section; 220 connecting hole;
[0027] 3 buffer elastic body; 31 first buffer elastic part; 32 second buffer elastic part; 33 third buffer elastic part; 310 first through hole; 320 second through hole; 330 third through hole;
[0028] 4 first floating slide plate;
[0029] 5 magnetorheological device; 51 backing plate; 511 first channel; 512 second channel; 52 excitation coil;
[0030] 53 first one-way magnetic flux valve; 54 second one-way magnetic flux valve;
[0031] 6 second floating slide plate; 7 sensor; 8 first sealing assembly; 9 second sealing assembly;
[0032] 101 first sub-deformation chamber; 102 second sub-deformation chamber; 103 third sub-deformation chamber;
[0033] 20 first magnetorheological fluid chamber; 30 second magnetorheological fluid chamber; 40 air chamber;
[0034] Y first direction; X second direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.
[0036] In the drawings, the shape and size can be exaggerated for clarity, and the same reference numerals will be used for the same or similar components throughout the drawings.
[0037] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terms "first", "second", and similar terms do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are used to identify different components. Similarly, the terms "one", "a", or "the" do not denote a quantity of one, but rather denote the presence of at least one. The terms "include", "comprise", and similar terms are intended to mean that the elements or objects listed after the terms are encompassed by the terms "include" or "comprise", and are not intended to exclude other elements or objects. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used only to indicate relative positions, and when the absolute positions of the described objects are changed, the relative positions can also be changed accordingly.
[0038] Terms relating to attachment, coupling, and the like (e.g., "connected" and "attached") refer to a relationship in which structures are directly or indirectly fixed or attached to each other by an intermediate structure, as well as movable or rigid attachment or relationship, unless otherwise explicitly stated.
[0039] At present, there are mainly two methods for controlling vibration in engineering: the most fundamental way to solve the problem is to control the vibration source, that is, to consider reducing the vibration generated during the operation of the equipment by reasonable structural optimization in the design stage of the equipment; or to control from the aspect of vibration transmission path, which is the main method to reduce vibration and noise, and a vibration isolation, vibration reduction or vibration absorption device is usually arranged between the power equipment and the foundation to reduce vibration transmission. The rotation of the eccentric rotor is common in power components, thereby generating vibration and noise. Based on the function of the rotor, it is impossible to avoid introducing the vibration problem from the design source. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of mechanical power and speed, the demand for medium and high frequency vibration isolation is also increasing, and the traditional vibration reduction method using passive vibration isolation devices such as rubber, composite materials, damping metals, etc. can be well solved. However, with the increasing requirements for vibration isolation of cutting-edge equipment, precision instruments, etc., it is required to have good vibration isolation effect at low frequency, so the traditional damper cannot work at low frequency and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of vibration reduction and noise reduction.
[0040] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a damper, which comprises a shell, a core shaft, a buffer elastic body, a first floating slide plate, a magnetorheological device and a second floating slide plate. One end of the shell is provided with an opening. One end of the core shaft extends into the shell from the opening. The buffer elastic body is sleeved on one end of the core shaft and is arranged in the shell. The first floating slide plate is arranged in the shell and is located on the side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening. The buffer elastic body is connected with the first floating slide plate and the inner wall of the shell. The magnetorheological device is arranged in the shell and is located on the side of the first floating slide plate away from the buffer elastic body. The second floating slide plate is arranged in the shell and is located on the side of the magnetorheological device away from the first floating slide plate. The first floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device and the shell cooperate to form a first magnetorheological liquid chamber filled with magnetorheological liquid. The second floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device and the shell cooperate to form a second magnetorheological liquid chamber filled with magnetorheological liquid. The second floating slide plate and the shell cooperate to form a gas chamber filled with buffer gas. The magnetorheological device is configured to control the flow or stillness of the magnetorheological liquid between the first magnetorheological liquid chamber and the second magnetorheological liquid chamber with the vibration of the core shaft. In this way, the damping of the damper realizes multi-stage range adjustment, and the stiffness of the damper realizes self-adaptive change, thereby achieving the effect of active and passive integrated control of vibration reduction. The following will be described in detail.
[0041] In an embodiment, as shown in Figures 1 to 5 The damper comprises a shell 1, a core shaft 2, a buffer elastic body 3, a first floating slide plate 4, a magnetorheological device 5 and a second floating slide plate 6.
[0042] As shown in Figure 2As shown, the damper has a first direction Y and a second direction X intersecting each other. Optionally, the first direction Y and the second direction X are perpendicular to each other. It can be understood that the first direction Y is an axial direction of the damper, and the second direction X is a radial direction of the damper.
[0043] The "perpendicular" above refers to a state that the angle formed by a straight line and a straight line, a straight line and a plane, or a plane and a plane is 89°-91°.
[0044] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 As shown, one end of the shell 1 is provided with an opening 10. The shell 1 includes a cylinder body 11, a first plate 12 and a second plate 13, the cylinder body 11 has two opposite ends in the first direction Y, and the first plate 12 and the second plate 13 are arranged at the opposite ends of the cylinder body 11 respectively. Among them, the cylinder body 11 has a connecting skirt 110 with the second plate 13, which can better assemble the cylinder body 11 and the second plate 13 to form a sealed space.
[0045] One end of the mandrel 2 extends into the shell 1 from the opening 10.
[0046] The buffer elastic body 3 is sleeved on one end of the mandrel 2 and arranged in the shell 1.
[0047] The first floating slide plate 4 is arranged in the shell 1 and located on the side of the buffer elastic body 3 away from the opening 10.
[0048] The buffer elastic body 3 is connected with the first floating slide plate 4 and the inner wall of the shell 1.
[0049] The conventional buffer elastic body 3 can be a steel coil spring, which is a mechanical component with functions of buffering, damping, energy storage, etc., and is commonly used in many fields such as automobiles, aerospace, rail vehicles, etc. Under the action of external load, due to the elasticity and structural characteristics of the material, deformation will occur, and mechanical energy or kinetic energy will be converted into deformation energy; after unloading, the deformation immediately recovers, and the deformation energy is converted into mechanical energy or kinetic energy. The coil spring is used to buffer the impact force generated by the fluctuation, which can effectively reduce the vibration and ensure the stable operation of the equipment. The coil spring is widely used because of its advantages such as large static compression amount, low natural frequency, good low-frequency vibration isolation performance, resistance to corrosion of oil, water, solvent, etc., and not affected by temperature changes. However, due to the small damping (damping ratio about 0.005) of the traditional coil spring, there is almost no energy dissipation effect, which restricts its application in vibration control. At the same time, most of the various vibration isolation devices are passive, and do not have the advantages of automatic or semi-automatic adjustment according to the external load feedback, and cannot better meet the needs of semi-active dampers.
[0050] Therefore, the buffer elastic body 3 of the embodiment of the present application can be a rubber elastic body, which has good damping and good stiffness characteristics, and can usually well meet the needs of medium and high frequency vibration isolation.
[0051] As shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5 The magneto-rheological device 5 is arranged in the shell 1 and is located on the side of the first floating slide 4 away from the buffer elastic body 3.
[0052] The second floating slide 6 is arranged in the shell 1 and is located on the side of the magneto-rheological device 5 away from the first floating slide 4.
[0053] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 The first floating slide 4, the magneto-rheological device 5 and the shell 1 cooperatively enclose a first magneto-rheological fluid chamber 20 filled with magneto-rheological fluid. The second floating slide 6, the magneto-rheological device 5 and the shell 1 cooperatively enclose a second magneto-rheological fluid chamber 30 filled with magneto-rheological fluid. The second floating slide 6 and the shell 1 cooperatively enclose a gas chamber 40 filled with buffer gas. The magneto-rheological device 5 is configured to control the flow or stillness of the magneto-rheological fluid between the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber 20 and the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber 30 with the vibration of the mandrel 2. In this way, the damping of the shock absorber realizes multi-stage range adjustment, and the stiffness of the shock absorber realizes adaptive change, thereby achieving the shock absorbing effect of active and passive integrated control.
[0054] The buffer gas described above can be nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide or the like, which is not particularly limited here.
[0055] The magneto-rheological fluid described above is a new type of intelligent material sensitive to magnetic field and controllable in performance. It is a suspension mainly composed of non-magnetic carrier liquid, magnetic particles dispersed therein and additives. It exhibits Newtonian fluid characteristics in the absence of magnetic field, and once an external magnetic field is applied, its characteristics can be changed from Newtonian fluid to Bingham fluid with high viscosity, low flowability and certain shear yield strength within milliseconds. This change has the characteristics of continuity, reversibility, easy control, rapid response and wide working temperature range.
[0056] Since the rubber elastic body is used as the buffer elastic body 3, the low-frequency vibration isolation effect may be poor. Therefore, two magneto-rheological fluid chambers are arranged inside the shell 1, and the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid in the magneto-rheological fluid chambers is changed by applying an external magnetic field to the magneto-rheological fluid, so as to realize the controllable damping performance of the magneto-rheological fluid.
[0057] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 The bottom of the buffer elastic body 3 is fixedly connected with the first floating slide 4, thereby constituting a shock absorber (which can be referred to as a rubber shock absorber) with passive vibration isolation effect.
[0058] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 orFigure 4 As shown, the buffer elastic body 3 comprises a first buffer elastic part 31, a second buffer elastic part 32 and a third buffer elastic part 33.
[0059] The second buffer elastic part 32 is connected to the first buffer elastic part 31 and the third buffer elastic part 33 in the first direction Y, and the end surface of the first buffer elastic part 31 abuts against or has a gap with the first plate 12. When the buffer elastic body 3 is in a stretched or static state, the end surface (top surface) of the first buffer elastic part 31 abuts against the bottom surface of the first plate 12. When the buffer elastic body 3 is in a compressed state, the end surface of the first buffer elastic part 31 has a gap with the first plate 12 due to the elastic deformation of the buffer elastic body 3.
[0060] The outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part 32 is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body 11. The outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part 32 is in contact with the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body 11, so that the buffer elastic body 3 can move relatively in the shell 1.
[0061] The third buffer elastic part 33 is connected to the first floating slide plate 4. The connection mode of the third buffer elastic part 33 and the first floating slide plate 4 includes but is not limited to, such as bolts and the like.
[0062] The first buffer elastic part 31 cooperates with the cylinder body 11 and the first plate 12 to form a first sub-deformation chamber 101, the third buffer elastic part 33 cooperates with the cylinder body 11 and the first floating slide plate 4 to form a second sub-deformation chamber 102, and the third buffer elastic part 33 cooperates with the first floating slide plate 4 to form a third sub-deformation chamber 103.
[0063] The first sub-deformation chamber 101, the second sub-deformation chamber 102 and the third sub-deformation chamber 103 constitute a buffer space of the buffer elastic body 3, so that the elastic deformation occurs in the buffer space. The structure of the buffer elastic body 3 can reduce the weight of the damper and achieve light weight.
[0064] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 As shown, the size of the first buffer elastic part 31 in the second direction X is smaller than the size of the second buffer elastic part 32 in the second direction X; the size of the third buffer elastic part 33 in the second direction X is smaller than the size of the second buffer elastic part 32 in the second direction X.
[0065] Specifically, the first buffer elastic part 31, the second buffer elastic part 32 and the third buffer elastic part 33 are all circular rings, the outer diameter of the first buffer elastic part 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second buffer elastic part 32, and the outer diameter of the third buffer elastic part 33 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second buffer elastic part 32.
[0066] The rigidity and damping force of the buffer elastic body 3 described above can be changed by changing the geometric shape and material parameters of the buffer elastic body 3, which will not be described here.
[0067] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 The mandrel 2 comprises a head 21 and a rod 22 connected to each other.
[0068] Specifically, the rod 22 is a hollow structure, and the rod 22 comprises a first section 221 and a second section 222. One end of the first section 221 is connected to the head 21, and the other end of the first section 221 is connected to the second section 222. The size of the second section 222 in the second direction X is smaller than the size of the first section 221 in the second direction X. Here, the "size of the first section 221 in the second direction X" is the hole diameter of the first section 221 of the rod 22. Similarly, the "size of the second section 222 in the second direction X" is the hole diameter of the second section 222 of the rod 22. That is, the hole diameter of the second section 222 of the rod 22 is smaller than the hole diameter of the first section 221, so that the mandrel 2 has a stepped hole structure in the axial direction to reduce the weight.
[0069] The second section 222 of the rod 22 is provided with a connecting hole 220. Specifically, the side surface of the second section 222 is provided with the connecting hole 220, which can be a self-locking threaded hole, so that the device connecting bolt plays a role of anti-loosening.
[0070] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 The first buffer elastic part 31 is provided with a first through hole 310, and the second buffer elastic part 32 is provided with a second through hole 320 in communication with the first through hole 310. The third buffer elastic part 33 is provided with a third through hole 330 in communication with the second through hole 320, so as to reduce the weight of the buffer elastic body 3.
[0071] One end of the rod 22 is arranged in the first through hole 310 and in contact with the inner wall of the first through hole 310, and the head 21 is arranged in the second through hole 320 and in contact with the inner wall of the second through hole 320. It can be understood that the head 21 of the mandrel 2 is embedded in the second buffer elastic part 32, and the rod 22 connected to the head 21 protrudes from the inside of the first buffer elastic part 31.
[0072] The mandrel 2 described above is fixedly connected with the buffer elastic body 3 through vulcanization. The first buffer elastic part 31 and the second buffer elastic part 32 of the buffer elastic body 3 are constrained by the shell 1, and the third buffer elastic part 33 of the buffer elastic body 3 is fixedly connected with the first floating slide plate 4, so as to form a vibration damper with passive vibration isolation effect.
[0073] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5As shown, the magneto-rheological device 5 comprises a liner plate 51 and an excitation coil 52, which is wound around the outer circumferential wall of the liner plate 51. The excitation coil 52 can change the magnetic field strength generated by the excitation coil 52 according to the current, and further change the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid, so as to realize the controllable damping performance of the magneto-rheological fluid.
[0074] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the shock absorber further comprises a sensor 7, which is arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and located at the center position of the second plate 13. The sensor 7 is used for monitoring the vibration frequency of the external excitation, and the excitation coil 52 passes the corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation, so as to realize the damping force output.
[0075] The sensor 7 described above includes but is not limited to an acceleration sensor 7. The acceleration sensor 7 can identify the vibration frequency of the external excitation in real time to pass the corresponding current, so as to adjust the magnetic field strength generated by the excitation coil 52 to adjust the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid, thereby realizing the controllable damping performance of the magneto-rheological fluid.
[0076] In an embodiment, as shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 As shown, the magneto-rheological device 5 further comprises a first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and a second one-way magnetic flux valve 54. The liner plate 51 is provided with a first passage 511 and a second passage 512. The first passage 511 is provided with the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53, and the second passage 512 is provided with the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54. The first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are symmetrically arranged in the axial direction of the shock absorber, so that the magneto-rheological fluid can flow in one direction when there is a pressure difference.
[0077] The opening and closing states of the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 can be changed according to the identification of the acceleration sensor 7, so as to adjust the flow direction of the magneto-rheological fluid, thereby realizing the adjustable damping effect.
[0078] Specifically, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to open the first passage 511, so as to make the magneto-rheological fluid flow from the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber 20 to the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber 30. The second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to open the second passage 512, so as to make the magneto-rheological fluid flow from the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber 30 to the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber 20.
[0079] The first working state of the shock absorber is that when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastic body 3 is in a stretched state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to open the first passage 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to close the second passage 512.
[0080] The second working state of the damper is that when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastic body 3 is in a compression state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to close the first channel 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to open the second channel 512.
[0081] The third working state of the damper is that when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to close the first channel 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to close the second channel 512.
[0082] When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is small, and the damper can be switched back and forth between the first working state and the second working state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are opened or closed in turn under the action of the pressure difference, and the first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 move back and forth in the axial direction of the damper.
[0083] Specifically, when the buffer elastic body 3 is in a stretched state, the first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 move upward, the pressure on the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 is greater than the pressure on the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is opened and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is closed under the action of the pressure difference, the magnetorheological fluid flows from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20, the buffer gas in the air chamber 40 is not compressed, and the damping force is generated by the buffer elastic body 3, the magnetorheological fluid and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40, and the damper can be well applied to low-frequency vibration isolation requirements at this time.
[0084] When the buffer elastic body 3 is in a compression state, the first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 move downward, the pressure on the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 is greater than the pressure on the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is closed and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is opened under the action of the pressure difference, the magnetorheological fluid flows from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30, the buffer gas in the air chamber 40 is compressed, and the damping force is generated by the buffer elastic body 3, the magnetorheological fluid and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40, and the damper can be well applied to low-frequency vibration isolation requirements at this time.
[0085] When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is large and approximates to solid, the first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 cannot move in the axial direction of the damper, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are both in a closed state, the nitrogen gas is not compressed, and the damping force is mainly generated by the buffer elastic body 3, and the damper can be well applied to medium and high frequency vibration isolation requirements at this time.
[0086] Therefore, the shock absorber uses the buffer elastomer 3, the magneto-rheological fluid and the buffer gas (such as nitrogen) as working medium, wherein the damping force is mainly monitored in real time by the sensor 7 for the vibration frequency of external excitation, the magnetic induction intensity generated by the coil is adjusted by changing the current size of the excitation coil 52 as needed, so as to change the flow state of the magneto-rheological fluid, thereby achieving the purpose of adjustable damping force.
[0087] In an embodiment, the shock absorber further comprises a first sealing assembly 8 and a second sealing assembly 9 for preventing the magneto-rheological fluid from leaking. The first sealing assembly 8 and the second sealing assembly 9 are usually made of rubber or other applicable sealing materials.
[0088] The first sealing assembly 8 is sleeved on the first floating slide plate 4. It can be understood that the first floating slide plate 4 has a structure matched with the first sealing assembly 8, so that the first sealing assembly 8 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the first floating slide plate 4. For example, the first floating slide plate 4 is provided with a groove, and the first sealing assembly 8 is provided with a protrusion matched with the groove.
[0089] The second sealing assembly 9 is sleeved on the second floating slide plate 6. It can be understood that the second floating slide plate 6 has a structure matched with the second sealing assembly 9, so that the second sealing assembly 9 is arranged on the outer circumferential side of the second floating slide plate 6. For example, the second floating slide plate 6 is provided with a groove, and the second sealing assembly 9 is provided with a protrusion matched with the groove.
[0090] The shock absorber provided by the embodiment has a semi-active control characteristic. The viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid is adjusted by adjusting the size of the current in the excitation coil 52 to change the size of the magnetic induction intensity. When the vibration frequency of external excitation is below 200 Hz, the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 move, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 or the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is opened, and the flow direction of the magneto-rheological fluid is changed. At this time, the damping force and the stiffness of the shock absorber can be adjusted by the buffer elastomer 3, the magneto-rheological fluid and the buffer gas. When the vibration frequency of external excitation is above 200 Hz, the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid is very large and is close to solid, the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 cannot move, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are both in the closed state, and the buffer gas is not compressed. At this time, the shock absorber is in a static state, and the damping force is mainly generated by the buffer elastomer 3. Therefore, the shock absorber has a semi-active control characteristic, and can be better applied to low, medium and high frequency vibration isolation requirements.
[0091] The embodiment of the present application also provides an aircraft, which comprises the shock absorber and a central controller. Illustratively, the aircraft can be an airplane, a drone or the like.
[0092] The shock absorber can be a main landing gear shock absorber, a landing gear drag shock absorber, an engine shock absorber or an airplane seat shock absorber of the aircraft.
[0093] As main landing gear shock absorbers, main landing gear shock absorbers are typically equipped on the main landing gear to reduce the shock and impact forces on the aircraft during landing and taxiing. These shock absorbers are located at the bottom of the main landing gear and protect the aircraft structure and passengers by absorbing and reducing the landing impact forces.
[0094] As landing gear tow shock absorbers, the landing gear system can also include tow shock absorbers to reduce the vibration and impact on the aircraft structure and systems during takeoff and landing.
[0095] As engine shock absorbers, the engine system of the aircraft typically includes shock absorbers to reduce the vibration and impact generated during engine operation. These shock absorbers are located between the engine accessories and the support structure to reduce the vibration transmitted to the aircraft fuselage.
[0096] As aircraft seat shock absorbers, the passenger seats inside the cabin can also be equipped with shock absorbers to reduce the discomfort of passengers during flight due to vibration and jolt.
[0097] The components of the different implementations described herein can be combined in other embodiments. The components may, for example, be combined in one or more individual components, or separated into multiple components. The components can be removed, or not included, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. The components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination thereof. The software can include computer readable instructions stored on computer readable media such as computer readable storage media that are executable by one or more processors. The computer readable instructions can include one or more computer programs. The computer readable instructions can be executed, for example, by one or more computers, one or more computer processors, or one or more computer processors in conjunction with one or more computer programs.
[0098] Furthermore, although the embodiments of the present application have been disclosed in the context of particular implementations, the present application can be applied to other implementations as well. Modifications can be made by persons of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit, and the scope of the claims that follow. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular implementations described.
Claims
1. A damper characterized by, The shock absorber comprises: a housing having an opening at one end thereof; a mandrel extending into the housing from the opening at one end thereof; a buffer elastic body sleeved on one end of the mandrel and arranged in the housing; a first floating slide plate arranged in the housing and located at a side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening, the buffer elastic body being connected with the first floating slide plate and an inner wall of the housing; a magneto-rheological device arranged in the housing and located at a side of the first floating slide plate away from the buffer elastic body, the first floating slide plate, the magneto-rheological device and the housing cooperating to form a first magneto-rheological fluid chamber filled with magneto-rheological fluid, the magneto-rheological device comprising a backing plate, an excitation coil, a first one-way magnetic flux valve and a second one-way magnetic flux valve, the excitation coil being wound around an outer peripheral wall of the backing plate, the backing plate being provided with a first passage and a second passage, the first passage being provided with the first one-way magnetic flux valve, and the second passage being provided with the second one-way magnetic flux valve; and a second floating slide plate arranged in the housing and located at a side of the magneto-rheological device away from the first floating slide plate, the second floating slide plate, the magneto-rheological device and the housing cooperating to form a second magneto-rheological fluid chamber filled with magneto-rheological fluid, the second floating slide plate and the housing cooperating to form a gas chamber filled with buffer gas. The magneto-rheological device is configured to control the magneto-rheological fluid to flow or be static between the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber and the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber with vibration of the mandrel, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first passage to make the magneto-rheological fluid flow from the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber to the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second passage to make the magneto-rheological fluid flow from the first magneto-rheological fluid chamber to the second magneto-rheological fluid chamber.
2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: the shock absorber has a first direction and a second direction intersecting each other; the housing comprises a cylinder body having two ends oppositely arranged in the first direction, a first plate and a second plate arranged at the two ends of the cylinder body respectively; the buffer elastic body comprises a first buffer elastic part, a second buffer elastic part and a third buffer elastic part, the second buffer elastic part being connected with the first buffer elastic part and the third buffer elastic part in the first direction, an end surface of the first buffer elastic part abutting against or having a gap with the first plate, an outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part being slidably connected to an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder body, and the third buffer elastic part being connected with the first floating slide plate; the first buffer elastic part, the cylinder body and the first plate cooperate to form a first sub-deformation chamber, the third buffer elastic part, the cylinder body and the first floating slide plate cooperate to form a second sub-deformation chamber, and the third buffer elastic part and the first floating slide plate cooperate to form a third sub-deformation chamber.
3. The shock absorber according to claim 2, wherein: The first cushioning elastic part has a dimension in the second direction that is smaller than a dimension of the second cushioning elastic part in the second direction. The third cushioning elastic part has a dimension in the second direction that is smaller than a dimension of the second cushioning elastic part in the second direction.
4. The damper of claim 2, wherein The core shaft comprises a head portion and a rod portion; The first cushioning elastic part has a first through hole, the second cushioning elastic part has a second through hole that is in communication with the first through hole, the head portion is disposed in the second through hole, and one end of the rod portion is disposed in the first through hole.
5. The damper of claim 4, wherein The rod portion has a hollow structure, the rod portion comprises a first segment and a second segment, one end of the first segment is connected to the head portion, the other end of the first segment is connected to the second segment, the second segment has a dimension in the second direction that is smaller than a dimension of the first segment in the second direction, and the second segment has a connecting hole.
6. The damper of claim 1, wherein The damper further comprises a sensor disposed at a bottom of the housing, the sensor is configured to monitor a vibration frequency of an external excitation, and the excitation coil is configured to pass a corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation to achieve a damping force output.
7. The damper of claim 6, wherein When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is 200 Hz or less and the cushioning elastic body is in a stretched state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first passage, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second passage. When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is 200 Hz or less and the cushioning elastic body is in a compressed state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first passage, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second passage.
8. The damper of claim 6, wherein When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is 200 Hz or more, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first passage, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second passage.
9. The damper of claim 1, wherein Further comprising: a first sealing assembly sleeved on the first floating slide plate; and a second sealing assembly sleeved on the second floating slide plate. The damper of any one of claims 1-9.
10. An aircraft, characterized in that
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Magnetorheological multi-dimensional vibration isolator
CN119321456A
Vibration reduction mechanism and flight equipment
CN219911597U