A multi-state fast adjustment switch, control method, system, device and medium

Abstract

The present invention provides a multi-state fast adjustment switch, control method, system, equipment and medium, including at least four static contacts arranged in a ring array, two independently sliding moving contact mechanisms and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; each moving contact mechanism includes at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units; the number of moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism is determined according to the number of static contacts and set rules; the present invention enables the moving contact mechanism to contact a static contact of any potential within one step through the matching of the number of static contacts and the moving contact sliding units, the independent movement characteristics of the moving contact mechanism and the characteristics of all static contacts being arranged in a ring array, and realizes the coordination between multiple input terminals through the combination and connection of multiple potential static contacts in pairs, thereby forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gears, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical switches, and in particular relates to a multi-state fast adjustment switch, a control method, a system, a device and a medium. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the massive influx of renewable energy generation and new loads (such as industrial loads, railway traction loads, and charging loads) with random, intermittent, and volatile power output has connected to the power grid. This has led to rapid fluctuations in grid line voltage, impacting power system stability, power equipment reliability, and user safety. Furthermore, some scenarios require flexible and rapid supply voltage regulation to meet production process requirements. These challenges and demands have posed numerous new challenges to the flexible and rapid regulation of supply voltage.

[0003] Supply voltage regulation is typically achieved through technologies such as transformer voltage regulation and reactive power compensation. Transformer voltage regulation technology utilizes multiple winding taps combined with fast-acting switches and series-parallel power electronic converters to achieve continuous voltage adjustment without power outages. Compared to the latter, the former, combined with fast-acting switches, offers advantages such as simplicity, reliability, and low maintenance, and is widely used in power grids, railways, industry, and other sectors. However, existing fast-acting switches (including mechanical and hybrid mechanical-electronic types) have slow adjustment speeds and lack flexible switching between gears. For example, switching between any gear in one step is impossible. This limits response speed, voltage regulation steps, and the number of adjustment gears, making it difficult to adapt to the demands for fast on-load voltage regulation or the development of new transformers in diverse power supply and consumption scenarios in the future. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a multi-state fast adjustment switch, comprising: at least four stationary contacts arranged in a circular array, two movable contact mechanisms that slide independently on a circumferential surface formed by all of the stationary contacts, and a control device connected to the two movable contact mechanisms; a spacing is provided between two adjacent stationary contacts;

[0005] Each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units; the number of the moving contact sliding units in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the static contacts and a set rule;

[0006] The plurality of static contacts are connected to the plurality of input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and each of the moving contact mechanisms realizes uninterrupted conductive connection switching with each of the static contacts during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0007] Preferably, all the static contacts are divided into at least one static contact unit, each of the static contact units includes at least four adjacent static contacts; the multiple static contacts in the static contact unit are coded in ascending order;

[0008] When the number of the static contact units is two or more, the multiple static contact units are cyclically coded, and the static contacts with the same coding in each static contact unit are connected through an interconnected busbar. After connection, each static contact with the same coding is correspondingly connected to multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of the power supply or transformer winding.

[0009] Preferably, the mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as:

[0010]

[0011] Wherein, m is the number of the moving contact sliding units in each moving contact mechanism; n is the number of the static contacts in the static contact unit; is the ceiling function.

[0012] Preferably, each of the static contacts has two conductive surfaces, and the two conductive surfaces of all the static contacts respectively form two circumferential surfaces, and the two moving contact mechanisms slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of movable contact sliding units in each movable contact mechanism slide synchronously, and the interval between two adjacent movable contact sliding units is the distance of one or two stationary contacts.

[0014] Preferably, the movable contact mechanism comprises a rotary disk coaxially arranged with the circumferential surface, and the movable contact sliding unit comprises a controllable transition impedance, an adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter and a controllable switch conductively connected and fixed to the rotary disk;

[0015] The controllable transition impedance, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter, and one end of the controllable switch are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the turntable, and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter, and the controllable switch are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the spacing between the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch is less than the width of the conductive surface and greater than a set electrical insulation clearance; the turntable is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0016] Preferably, when the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter and the static contact in contact with it is greater than a set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter is less than a set impedance lower limit value;

[0017] When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter and the static contact in contact with the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter is lower than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter is higher than a set impedance upper limit value.

[0018] Preferably, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter includes one of the following:

[0019] Zener diodes, thyristors, and varistors.

[0020] Preferably, the control device includes a turntable driver connected to the turntable, a controller electrically connected to the turntable driver, and a switch drive unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit.

[0021] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-state fast regulating switch, comprising:

[0022] Based on the above-mentioned fast adjustment switch, the control method includes:

[0023] Based on different voltage regulation targets, the control device independently controls the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units in the two moving contact mechanisms, or independently controls the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts, so as to realize the uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts, so that all the static contacts of the fast adjustment switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage adjustment gears; the multiple voltage adjustment gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage adjustment amount of each voltage adjustment gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable step voltage regulation.

[0024] Preferably, the independent control of the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units in the two moving contact mechanisms includes:

[0025] Based on different voltage regulation targets, determining the static contacts of the two movable contact mechanisms that need to be conductively connected, which are recorded as static contacts to be connected;

[0026] Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the plurality of moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit is recorded as a to-be-connected unit;

[0027] The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turns off the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the remaining moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units and the static contact is disconnected.

[0028] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control system for a multi-state fast adjustment switch, comprising:

[0029] A control module is used to independently control the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts, so as to achieve uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connections between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts, so that the multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage adjustment gears; the multiple voltage adjustment gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage adjustment amount of each voltage adjustment gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms to achieve variable step voltage regulation.

[0030] Preferably, the control module is specifically used to:

[0031] Based on different voltage regulation targets, determining the static contacts of the two movable contact mechanisms that need to be conductively connected, which are recorded as static contacts to be connected;

[0032] Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the plurality of moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit is recorded as a to-be-connected unit;

[0033] The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turns off the controllable transition impedance and the controllable switch on the remaining moving contact sliding units in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units and the static contact is disconnected.

[0034] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer device, comprising: one or more processors;

[0035] a memory for storing one or more programs;

[0036] When the one or more programs are executed by the one or more processors, the control method of the multi-state fast regulating switch as described above is implemented.

[0037] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed, the control method of the multi-state fast regulating switch as described above is implemented.

[0038] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention provides a multi-state fast adjustment switch, comprising at least four static contacts arranged in a ring array, two moving contact mechanisms that slide independently on a circumferential surface formed by all the static contacts, and a control device connected to the two moving contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between two adjacent static contacts; each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units; the number of the moving contact sliding units in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the static contacts and set rules; a plurality of the static contacts are connected to a plurality of input terminals of the fast adjustment switch, and each of the moving contact mechanisms realizes an uninterrupted conductive connection switching with each of the static contacts during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output terminal of the fast adjustment switch; the switch is connected via a static contact and a moving contact The matching number of head sliding units, the independent movement characteristics of the two moving contact mechanisms and the circular array arrangement of all static contacts enable the two moving contact mechanisms to each contact the static contact of any potential within one step. By connecting the static contacts of multiple potentials in pairs, the coordination between multiple input terminals is realized, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gears, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears; it solves the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap-changing switches that cannot achieve cross-gear regulation, fast regulation, and variable step regulation, and can achieve one-step switching between any gears, arbitrary variable step length, and fast cross-gear regulation; it also solves the problems of using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve fast on-load regulation, such as a large number of switches, large space occupied, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers.

[0040] The present invention also provides a control method and system for a multi-state fast regulating switch, including independently controlling the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently controlling the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts, so as to achieve uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts, so that all the static contacts of the fast regulating switch are connected in pairs to form a plurality of voltage regulating gears; the plurality of voltage regulating gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the The voltage regulation amount is output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable step voltage regulation; the method and system control the two moving contact mechanisms to contact the static contact of any potential within one step, and connect the static contacts of multiple potentials in pairs to realize the coordination between multiple input terminals, forming at least 13 voltage regulation gears, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and switching between any voltage regulation gears in one step, solving the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap-changing switches that cannot realize cross-gear regulation, fast regulation, and variable step regulation, and can realize one-step switching between any gears, arbitrary variable step length, and fast cross-gear regulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a multi-state fast adjustment switch provided by the present invention;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the input and output states of a multi-state fast adjustment switch provided by the present invention;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of an application of a multi-state fast adjustment switch provided by the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of an application of a multi-state fast adjustment switch provided by the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic flow chart of a control method for a multi-state fast regulating switch provided by the present invention;

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The upper right corner of the partial schematic diagram of the sliding switching process of the moving contact mechanism;

[0047] Figure 7 for Figure 1 The right half of the partial schematic diagram of the switching process of the moving contact mechanism;

[0048] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the control system structure of a multi-state fast adjustment switch provided by the present invention;

[0049] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided by the present invention;

[0050] Among them, 1. Moving contact sliding unit; 2. Static contact; 3. Turntable; 4. Controllable transition impedance; 5. Adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter; 6. Controllable switch; 7. Controller; 8. Turntable drive; 9. Interconnecting bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] Example 1:

[0053] The present invention provides a multi-state fast adjustment switch, such as Figure 1 As shown, it comprises: at least four static contacts 2 arranged in a ring array, two movable contact mechanisms that slide independently on the circumferential surface formed by all the static contacts 2, and a control device connected to the two movable contact mechanisms; there is a distance between two adjacent static contacts 2;

[0054] Each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units 1; the number of the moving contact sliding units 1 in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the static contacts 2 and a set rule;

[0055] The plurality of static contacts 2 are connected to the plurality of input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and each of the moving contact mechanisms realizes uninterrupted conductive connection switching with each of the static contacts 2 during the sliding process; the moving contact mechanism is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0056] The present invention matches the number of static contact and moving contact sliding units, the independent movement characteristics of the two moving contact mechanisms, and the characteristics of all static contacts being arranged in a circular array, so that the two moving contact mechanisms can each contact a static contact of any potential within a one-step action. By connecting the static contacts of multiple potentials in pairs, coordination between multiple input terminals is achieved, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gear states, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears; it solves the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap-changing switches that cannot achieve cross-gear regulation, fast regulation, and variable step regulation; it also solves the problems of using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve fast load regulation, such as the large number of switches, large space occupied, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers; it is suitable for application fields such as voltage / current / power regulation of transmission / distribution networks and railway traction, new energy stations, industrial and commercial power supply voltage regulation, load voltage regulation, and smelting process regulation.

[0057] In this embodiment, each of the static contacts 2 has two conductive surfaces, and the two conductive surfaces of all the static contacts 2 form two circumferential surfaces respectively, and the two moving contact mechanisms slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces respectively.

[0058] In this embodiment, all the static contact units in the regulating switch constitute a static contact mechanism, and the two circumferential surfaces are the two circumferential surfaces of the static contact mechanism.

[0059] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the static contact 2 is a double-sided static contact, which includes an inner static contact and an outer static contact. The contacts on both sides are directly connected by a conductor, forming an I-shaped structure to form an integral body, and have the same potential. In addition, the inner static contact, the outer static contact and the conductor can also be the inner and outer conductive surfaces of the same conductor.

[0060] All the static contacts 2 are formed into a ring, the outer conductive surface or the outer static contact forms the outer circumferential surface of the ring, the inner conductive surface or the inner static contact forms the inner circumferential surface of the ring, and the two moving contact mechanisms are respectively arranged on the inner and outer sides of the ring, in a three-layer sleeve type arrangement, with a compact installation structure and a reasonable layout;

[0061] In another possible implementation, the two circumferential surfaces are located on the same side of the ring, i.e., the outer side or the inner side; the two circumferential surfaces have the same diameter and are arranged in layers; in this case, the two moving contact mechanisms are located on the same side of the ring and are arranged in a two-layer sleeve-type arrangement with the static contact mechanism, and the two moving contact mechanisms are arranged in layers corresponding to the two circumferential surfaces;

[0062] In another possible implementation, the two circumferential surfaces are respectively arranged on two opposite wide surfaces of the ring; in this case, a moving contact mechanism, a static contact mechanism and another moving contact mechanism are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the static contact mechanism.

[0063] In this embodiment, all the static contacts 2 are divided into at least one static contact unit, each of which includes at least four adjacent static contacts 2; the multiple static contacts 2 in the static contact unit are coded in ascending order;

[0064] When the number of the static contact units is two or more, the multiple static contact units are cyclically coded, and the static contacts 2 with the same coding in each static contact unit are connected through an interconnected bus 9. After connection, the static contacts 2 with the same coding are correspondingly connected to multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of the power supply or transformer winding.

[0065] In this embodiment, taking a static contact unit with four static contacts 2 as an example, the number of static contacts 2 in the static contact mechanism is 4*N, N≥1, and N is the number of static contact units; at this time, the 4*N static contacts 2 are arranged in a circular form, and each static contact 2 is also an electrode. A specific cyclic coding form is used to encode each static contact / electrode, and the coding method is a cyclic method along the circumferential direction, which can be clockwise or counterclockwise, such as Figure 1 As shown, all the static contacts 2 are coded in a clockwise direction along the circumference as follows: ①, ②, ③, ④, ①, ②, ③, ④... Figure 1 The codes ①, ②, ③, and ④ are both the numbers of the static contact 2 where the codes are located and the numbers of the interconnected bus 9 where the codes are located;

[0066] The static contacts / electrodes with the same code are connected through a conductive interconnecting busbar 9 and have the same potential. The number of interconnecting busbars 9 is the same as the number of types of static contact codes. The interconnecting busbars 9 include interconnecting busbars ①, interconnecting busbars ②, interconnecting busbars ③, and interconnecting busbars ④. Each interconnecting busbar is independent of each other. After the interconnection, a terminal is led out. The terminal code is the same as the static contact / electrode code. At the same time, this terminal serves as the input end of the switch and is used to connect to the power supply or transformer winding. Figure 1As shown, all electrodes with code ① are connected via interconnect bus ①, all electrodes with code ② are connected via interconnect bus ②, all electrodes with code ③ are connected via interconnect bus ③, and all electrodes with code ④ are connected via interconnect bus ④. After connection, terminals 1, 2, 3, and 4 are drawn out as input terminals ①, ②, ③, and ④, respectively.

[0067] In this embodiment, the mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as:

[0068]

[0069] Wherein, m is the number of the moving contact sliding units 1 in each moving contact mechanism; n is the number of the static contacts 2 in the static contact unit; It is a ceiling rounding function, which means taking a number as the smallest integer greater than or equal to itself.

[0070] In this embodiment, since one static contact unit has four static contacts 2 , each of the movable contact mechanisms, ie, the inner layer and the outer layer, respectively contains two sets of movable contact sliding units 1 .

[0071] It should be noted that the two sets of moving contact sliding units 1 in the inner layer are arranged at a fixed angle.

[0072] In this embodiment, the plurality of movable contact sliding units 1 in each movable contact mechanism slide synchronously, and the distance between two adjacent movable contact sliding units 1 is the distance of one or two stationary contacts 2 .

[0073] In this embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the two moving contact sliding units 1 in a moving contact mechanism are separated by a distance of a static contact 2. For example, when the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 in the outer layer contacts the static contact 2 numbered ①, the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 contacts the static contact 2 numbered ③, and the two sets of moving contact sliding units 1 in each layer rotate synchronously; they can also be separated by a distance of two static contacts 2, and the one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears can also be achieved.

[0074] In another possible implementation, when there are seven static contacts 2 in a static contact unit, according to the above-mentioned set rules, each of the moving contact mechanisms contains three moving contact sliding units 1. To ensure that any voltage adjustment gears are switched into place in one step, the intervals between the three moving contact sliding units 1 are two static contacts 2, two static contacts 2 and one static contact 2 respectively; specifically, the seven static contacts 2 are coded in sequence as ①, ②, ③, ④, ⑤, ⑥, and ⑦. Taking the outer moving contact mechanism as an example, when a moving contact sliding unit 1 of the outer moving contact mechanism contacts with the static contact 2 numbered ①, the second moving contact sliding unit 1 contacts with the static contact 2 numbered ④, and the third moving contact sliding unit 1 contacts with the static contact 2 numbered ⑥, thereby achieving one-step switching into place between any voltage adjustment gears.

[0075] In this embodiment, the movable contact mechanism includes a rotary disk 3 arranged coaxially with the circumferential surface, and the movable contact sliding unit 1 includes a controllable transition impedance 4, an adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5, and a controllable switch 6 that are conductively connected and fixed to the rotary disk 3.

[0076] The controllable transition impedance 4, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 and one end of the controllable switch 6 are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the turntable 3, and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance 4, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 and the controllable switch 6 are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the spacing between the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 is less than the width of the conductive surface and greater than the set electrical insulation clearance; the turntable 3 is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

[0077] It should be noted that the three layout relationships between the two moving contact mechanisms and the static contact mechanism mentioned above can be regarded as the three layout relationships between the two turntables 3 in the two moving contact mechanisms and the static contact mechanism. The moving contact sliding unit 1 is arranged between the turntable 3 and the static contact mechanism, and slides with the conductive surface of the static contact 2.

[0078] In this embodiment, the controllable transition impedance 4 includes an impedance element and a controllable impedance switch connected in series, and the controllable impedance switch is arranged close to the turntable 3 .

[0079] In this embodiment, the two rotating disks 3 in the two moving contact mechanisms are respectively recorded as the inner rotating disk and the outer rotating disk. Both rotating disks 3 can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. The inner / outer rotating disks serve as the two output ends of the fast adjustment switch. Figure 1As shown, the impedance element includes impedances Z11, Z12, Z21, and Z22; the controllable impedance switch includes a switch V11 connected in series with the impedance Z11, a switch V13 connected in series with the impedance Z12, a switch V21 connected in series with the impedance Z21, and a switch V23 connected in series with the impedance Z22; the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 includes adaptive nonlinear voltage limiters BV11, BV12, BV21, and BV22; and the controllable switch 6 includes switches V12, V14, V22, and V24;

[0080] Z11, V11, BV11 and V12 constitute the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 of the inner layer; Z12, V13, BV12 and V14 constitute the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 of the inner layer; the first set of moving contact sliding units 1 and the second set of moving contact sliding units 1 of the inner layer are arranged on the inner layer rotary disk;

[0081] Z21, V21, BV21 and V22 constitute the first set of movable contact sliding units 1 of the outer layer; Z22, V23, BV22 and V24 constitute the second set of movable contact sliding units 1 of the outer layer; the first set of movable contact sliding units 1 and the second set of movable contact sliding units 1 of the outer layer are arranged on the outer layer rotary disk.

[0082] It should be noted that the controllable switch 6 and the controllable impedance switch can be electrically controlled switches, or they can be mechanically linked controlled switches using the sliding characteristics of the moving contact sliding unit 1. When the moving contact sliding unit 1 rotates, the mechanical opening and closing of the controllable switch 6 and the controllable impedance switch can be achieved through the cooperation of switch control structures such as switch pressing keys and protrusions in fixed positions.

[0083] The controllable transition impedance 4 has the characteristic of limiting current and is composed of an element with resistance, inductance or capacitance characteristics. One end of the controllable transition impedance 4 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 3 and the other end is connected to the conductive sliding block, which is used to slide in contact with the static contact 2.

[0084] The controllable switch 6 is composed of a switch with good arc extinguishing performance, such as a vacuum switch or a vacuum bubble. One end of the controllable switch 6 is fixedly connected to the rotary disk 3 and the other end is connected to a conductive sliding block, which is used to slide in contact with the static contact 2.

[0085] One end of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 is fixedly and conductively connected to the rotary disk 3, and the other end is connected to the conductive sliding block, which is used to slide in contact with the static contact 2 to achieve overvoltage protection;

[0086] In another possible implementation, the movable contact sliding unit 1 may only use the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6, which can also achieve uninterrupted switching of conductive connections with each of the static contacts 2 during the sliding process and one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears. However, this may easily cause the controllable transition impedance 4 to fuse.

[0087] In this embodiment, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 is preferably arranged between the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6, so as to achieve protection against overvoltage and prevent the controllable transition impedance 4 from fusing.

[0088] In this embodiment, when the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 and the static contact 2 in contact with it is greater than the set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 is less than the set impedance lower limit value;

[0089] When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 and the static contact 2 in contact with it is lower than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 is higher than the set impedance upper limit value.

[0090] Specifically, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 has an overvoltage protection characteristic of limiting voltage, which is used to protect against overvoltage when the switch is abnormal; when in the switching process, for example, only the transition resistor, that is, the controllable transition impedance 4 branch, is supplying power, such as when the controllable switch 6 may be between the two static contacts, that is, in a suspended state, if the transition impedance burns out due to overcurrent or other reasons, then the entire power supply circuit is in an open circuit state, that is, it is easy for an excessive voltage to appear between the moving and static contacts, exceeding the set voltage protection value, and causing an overvoltage breakdown hazard; the voltage protection value is usually designed to be a transition range, such as 1800V~2200V. For example, under normal circumstances, the pole voltage between the moving and static contacts is 600V; when the voltage between the moving and static contacts exceeds or equals 2200V, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 automatically adjusts the impedance characteristic The voltage between the moving and static contacts is limited to a safe range of 2200V. If the voltage is lower than 1800V, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 shows a high impedance characteristic. It can be understood that the state between the moving and static contacts is not changed at this time, and the voltage between the moving and static contacts is less than 1800V. If it is between 1800V and 2200V, it is in a transition resistance state, and the voltage between the moving and static contacts is limited to 1800V and 2200V. If the control device detects that the voltage between the moving and static contacts is in a state of 600V to 2200V, it can be determined that there is a problem with the transition circuit of the moving contact, and switching needs to be stopped. This solves the safety problems of traditional on-load switches, such as overvoltage damage to the switch and transformer short circuit caused by the disconnection of the switch regulation circuit.

[0091] In this embodiment, the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 includes the following:

[0092] Zener diodes, thyristors, and varistors.

[0093] In this embodiment, the control device includes a turntable driver 8 connected to the turntable 3 , a controller 7 electrically connected to the turntable driver 8 , and a switch drive unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit 1 .

[0094] In this embodiment, the turntable driver 8 drives the inner turntable and the outer turntable respectively, which is used to link the above-mentioned moving contact sliding unit 1 to realize gear shifting adjustment; the control device is also used to accept external instructions and send them to the inner and outer turntable drivers respectively after decomposition through formulas, and is also used to identify and process various states inside the switch.

[0095] When the present invention is actually used, Figure 2 As shown, a voltage source u1 is connected between input terminals ① and ②, a voltage source u2 is connected between input terminals ② and ③, and a voltage source u3 is connected between input terminals ③ and ④. The control device drives the turntable driver 8 to drive the turntable 3 to rotate the movable contact sliding unit 1 or to control the movable contact sliding unit 1 to switch the on / off state, so that the movable contact sliding unit 1 is electrically connected to different static contacts 2. 13 voltage states u, i.e., 13 gears, can be output between output terminals ① and ②, including:

[0096] (1) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 coded as ① (hereinafter referred to as electrode ①), and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 coded as ② (hereinafter referred to as electrode ②), and the controllable switches 6 and controlled impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and controlled impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u1;

[0097] (2) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 coded as ③ (hereinafter referred to as electrode ③), and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u2;

[0098] (3) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 coded as ④ (hereinafter referred to as electrode ④), and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u3;

[0099] (4) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u1+u2;

[0100] (5) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u2+u3;

[0101] (6) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is u1+u2+u3;

[0102] (7) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -u1;

[0103] (8) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -u2;

[0104] (9) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -u3;

[0105] (10) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ③, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u1+u2);

[0106] (11) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ②, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u2+u3);

[0107] (12) When the outer rotary disk drives the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ①, and the inner rotary disk drives the inner first set of movable contact sliding units 1 to rotate to electrode ④, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state, then the output voltage between output terminal ① and output terminal ② is -(u1+u2+u3);

[0108] (13) When the inner rotary disk drives the inner movable contact sliding unit 1 and the outer rotary disk drives the outer movable contact sliding unit 1 to rotate to the static contact 2 with the same code, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer first sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the on (or off) state, and the controllable switches 6 and the controllable impedance switches of the inner and outer second sets of movable contact sliding units 1 are both in the off state (or on), the output voltage between the output terminal ① and the output terminal ② is both 0.

[0109] It is particularly noted that when the inner or outer moving contact sliding unit 1 needs to switch between electrode ① and electrode ③, or between electrode ② and electrode ④, it is not necessary to perform a rotation action. The switching can be achieved in one step by controlling the controllable switch between the two sets of inner or outer moving contact sliding units 1.

[0110] The above process can achieve one-step adjustment of the voltage output of each gear by one switch action (rotating or switching the controllable switch and the controllable impedance switch) to any position of electrode ①, electrode ②, electrode ③, and electrode ④.

[0111] Specifically, the present invention can be connected to the outside in two ways when in use. The first connection method is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, multiple fast adjustment switches are used, and the input end of each fast adjustment switch is connected to a different power supply. The output ends of each fast adjustment switch are connected in series to form a total output end. By adjusting each fast adjustment switch, different voltages are taken out from the power supply, and then added in series to the output end to achieve the change of the transformer input voltage.

[0112] The second connection method is as follows Figure 4 As shown, the input end of the fast adjustment switch is connected to different taps of the primary voltage regulating winding of the transformer. The output end of the fast adjustment switch is connected in series with the primary main winding of the transformer and serves as the voltage input end of the primary side of the transformer. By adjusting the fast adjustment switch, the ratio of the total number of turns of the primary winding of the transformer to the number of turns of the secondary winding can be changed, thereby realizing the adjustment of the secondary output voltage of the transformer.

[0113] In the above two connection methods, in order to achieve the requirement of 13 voltage adjustment gears, the winding turn ratio between input terminals ①②, input terminals ②③, and input terminals ③④ of the fast adjustment switch is 1:3:2; correspondingly, when a voltage source is connected between the input terminals, the voltage ratio of voltage source u1, voltage source u2, and voltage source u3 is 1:3:2, etc.

[0114] In another possible implementation, for example, when there are five static contacts 2 in a static contact unit, a maximum of 17 voltage adjustment gears can be achieved. In order to achieve the adjustment continuity between the gears and the requirement of 17 gears, the winding turn ratio or voltage ratio at the input end is 3:2:1:4, and so on.

[0115] The use of the fast regulating switch of the present invention is not limited to single-phase power supply systems, but is also applicable to three-phase or multi-phase systems. Implementation schemes with similar principles and usages are also within the protection scope of this solution.

[0116] Example 2:

[0117] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control method for a multi-state fast regulating switch, such as Figure 5 Shown, including:

[0118] Based on the fast adjustment switch of the above embodiment, the control method includes:

[0119] S1. Based on different voltage regulation targets, the control device independently controls the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the two moving contact mechanisms, or independently controls the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts 2, so as to realize the uninterrupted switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts 2, so that all the static contacts 2 of the fast adjustment switch are connected in pairs to form a plurality of voltage regulation gears; the plurality of voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amount of each voltage regulation gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable step voltage regulation.

[0120] This method controls the two moving contact mechanisms to contact the static contact of any potential within one step (sliding or switching), and connects the static contacts of multiple potentials in pairs to achieve coordination between multiple input terminals, forming at least 13 voltage adjustment gears, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation and one-step switching between any voltage regulation gears, solving the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap-changing switches such as the inability to achieve cross-gear regulation, rapid regulation, and variable step regulation.

[0121] It should be noted that the two moving contact mechanisms are controlled by the control device to switch independently between the static contacts 2 of the static contact unit without interruption of power supply. Therefore, when the number of static contact units is multiple, the two moving contact mechanisms can slide and switch across the static contact units, thereby realizing one-step switching between any voltage adjustment gears.

[0122] The process of a moving contact sliding unit 1 of a moving contact mechanism slidingly switching from the current static contact 2 to the adjacent static contact 2 without power interruption includes:

[0123] Keep the other moving contact sliding units 1 except the moving contact sliding unit 1 in the off state, when the direction of rotation is the direction in which the controllable transition impedance 4 points to the controllable switch 6 (for example, Figure 1 (clockwise in the figure), driven by the turntable 3, the controllable switch 6 first moves from the current static contact 2 to the adjacent static contact 2, and the controllable transition impedance 4 and the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 move synchronously with the controllable switch 6. When the controllable switch 6 is separated from the current static contact 2 and has not reached the adjacent static contact 2, the current maintains power supply continuity through the controllable transition impedance 4, so that the current is not interrupted when the controllable switch 6 is separated from the current static contact 2; the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 prevents abnormal resistance disconnection during the switching process, which may cause overvoltage breakdown in the circuit and damage the switch;

[0124] Keep the other moving contact sliding units 1 in the off state except the moving contact sliding unit 1, when the direction of rotation is the direction in which the controllable switch 6 points to the controllable transition impedance 4 (for example, Figure 1 (in the counterclockwise direction), driven by the turntable 3, the controllable transition impedance 4 first moves from the current static contact 2 to the adjacent static contact 2, and the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 and the controllable switch 6 move synchronously with the controllable transition impedance 4. The controllable transition impedance 4 first contacts the adjacent static contact 2 to establish a path in advance, so that the current is not interrupted when the controllable switch 6 is separated from the current static contact 2. The adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter 5 prevents abnormal resistance disconnection during the switching process, which may cause overvoltage breakdown in the circuit and damage the switch.

[0125] During this period, before the controllable switch 6 or the controllable transition impedance 4 is separated from the current static contact 2, it is controlled to switch from the on state to the off state to avoid current arcing; when the controllable switch 6 or the controllable transition impedance 4 is completely in contact with the adjacent static contact 2, it is controlled to switch from the off state to the on state to improve the service life of the switch.

[0126] In this embodiment, the independent control of the on and off of the multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the two moving contact mechanisms includes:

[0127] Based on different voltage regulation targets, the static contacts 2 of the two movable contact mechanisms that need to be conductively connected are determined and recorded as static contacts to be connected;

[0128] Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit 1 is recorded as a to-be-connected unit;

[0129] The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turns off the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 and the static contact 2 is disconnected.

[0130] Specifically, in order to achieve gear shifting, the two outer sets of moving contact sliding units 1 are taken as an example to illustrate the two processes of switching without power failure:

[0131] (1) When the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 rotates clockwise, its controllable switch 6 and controlled impedance switch are controlled to operate; when the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 only rotates, its controllable switch 6 and controlled impedance switch do not operate:

[0132] like Figure 6 As shown, the sliding switching steps are a→b→c→d→e→f→g→h→i. Step a shows the initial position. The outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ①, and its switches V21 and V22 are in the on state; the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ③, and its switches V23 and V24 are in the off state (see Figure 1 );

[0133] Rotate right to the position shown in step b, with V22 located at the edge of electrode ①, and switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 changes from on to off, while switch V21 remains on. The outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 follows the movement, but switches V23 and V24 remain off (not shown).

[0134] Rotate right to the position shown in step c, V22 is located between electrodes ① and ②, and the controllable switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains in the disconnected state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when the position is away from electrode ①, thereby improving the service life of the switch. The controllable switch V21 remains in the on state; the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 moves with it, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged, both in the disconnected state;

[0135] Rotate right to the position shown in step d, V22 contacts electrode ②, and the controllable switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains in the disconnected state, ensuring that no current flows and no arcing occurs when it contacts the next stationary contact 2 (electrode ②), thereby increasing the service life of the switch. The controllable switch V21 remains in the on state; the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 moves with it, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged, both in the disconnected state.

[0136] Rotate clockwise to the position shown in step e. The adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter BV21 is located between electrodes ① and ②. The controllable switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 changes from off to on. The controllable switch V21 remains on. At this time, a circulating current appears between switches V22 and V21. The function of impedance Z21 is to limit the generation of excessive circulating current. The outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 follows the movement, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged, both in the off state.

[0137] Rotate right to the position shown in step f. The adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter BV21 contacts electrode ②. The controllable switch V21 of the first outer movable contact sliding unit 1 changes from on to off, while the controllable switch V22 remains on. The second outer movable contact sliding unit 1 moves with it, but its switches V23 and V24 remain off.

[0138] Rotate right to the position shown in step g. Impedance Z21 is located between electrodes ① and ②. The controllable switch V21 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains in the disconnected state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when the unit moves away from electrode ①, thereby increasing the service life of the switch. The controllable switch V22 remains in the on state. The outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 moves with the unit, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged, both in the disconnected state.

[0139] Rotate right to the position shown in step h. Impedance Z21 contacts electrode ②. The controllable switch V21 of the first outer movable contact sliding unit 1 remains in the OFF state, ensuring that there is no current and no arcing when it contacts the next electrode ②, thereby increasing the service life of the switch. The controllable switch V22 remains in the ON state. The second outer movable contact sliding unit 1 moves with it, but its switches V23 and V24 remain in the OFF state.

[0140] Rotate right to the position shown in step i. The outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 is in full contact with electrode ②. The controllable switch V21 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 changes from off to on, providing an initial state for the next rotation switching. The controllable switch V22 remains in the on state. The outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 moves with it, but the states of its switches V23 and V24 remain unchanged, both in the off state.

[0141] At this point, the position switch from electrode ① to electrode ② is completed;

[0142] The power supply is continuous and there is no power loss during the above-mentioned action process, and the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter can prevent the abnormal disconnection of the resistor during the position switching process, which may cause overvoltage breakdown in the circuit and damage the switch;

[0143] The counterclockwise rotation process of the outer movable contact sliding unit 1 is similar to this process, and the position switching from electrode ① to electrode ④ can be completed;

[0144] The switching process of the two sets of inner movable contact sliding units 1 in this state is similar to the action process of the outer movable contact sliding unit 1.

[0145] (2) The first and second sets of outer movable contact sliding units 1 do not rotate, but the controllable switches on the two sets of sliding mechanisms are controlled to move:

[0146] like Figure 7 As shown, the switch switching steps are A→B→C→D→E. Step A shows the initial position. The outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ①, and its controllable switches V21 and V22 are in the on state; the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 is located at the position of electrode ③, and its controllable switches V23 and V24 are in the off state.

[0147] Subsequently, as shown in step B, the controllable switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 changes from on to off, while the state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and remains on; the states of the controllable switches V23 and V24 of the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 remain unchanged and are both off.

[0148] Subsequently, as shown in step C, the state of the controllable switch V22 of the first set of outer movable contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the disconnected state, while the state of the controllable switch V21 remains unchanged and is in the on state. The state of the controllable switch V23 of the second set of outer movable contact sliding units 1 changes from the disconnected state to the on state. At this time, a circulating current occurs between the controllable switch V23 and the controllable switch V21 of the first set of outer movable contact sliding units 1. The function of the impedance elements Z21 and Z22 is to limit the generation of excessive circulating current. The state of V24 remains unchanged and is in the disconnected state.

[0149] Subsequently, as shown in step D, the state of the controllable switch V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the disconnected state, and the state of the controllable switch V21 changes from on to off. At this time, the circulating current between the controllable switch V21 and the controllable switch V23 of the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 disappears; the state of the controllable switch V23 of the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the on state, ensuring uninterrupted power supply, and the state of V24 remains unchanged and is in the disconnected state.

[0150] Subsequently, as shown in step E, the states of the controllable switches V21 and V22 of the outer first set of movable contact sliding units 1 remain unchanged and are both in the off state; the state of the controllable switch V23 of the outer second set of movable contact sliding units 1 remains unchanged and is in the on state, and the state of V24 changes from the off state to the on state, providing an initial state for the next rotation switching;

[0151] At this point, the electrical connection state switching from electrode ① to electrode ③ is completed by switching the switch;

[0152] The power supply is continuous and does not lose power during the above-mentioned action process, and the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter can prevent the abnormal disconnection of the resistor during the action switching process, which may cause overvoltage breakdown in the circuit and damage the switch;

[0153] The state switching process of the outer movable contact sliding unit 1 from electrode ③ to electrode ① is similar to this;

[0154] The switching process of the two sets of inner movable contact sliding units 1 in this state is similar to the action process of the outer movable contact sliding unit 1.

[0155] The technical route proposed by the present invention is a brand-new construction idea, which is completely different from the existing technical solutions. It solves the shortcomings of traditional on-load tap-changing switches that cannot achieve cross-gear adjustment, rapid adjustment, multi-state adjustment, and wide-range adjustment when the transformer winding has limited taps. It can achieve one-step switching between any gears and rapid adjustment in any state and across gears; it also solves the problems of using multiple ordinary external switches to achieve rapid load adjustment, such as the large number of switches, large space occupied, and inability to be integrated with other primary equipment such as transformers; and the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter built into the sliding mechanism solves the safety problems of traditional on-load switches that cannot achieve overvoltage damage to switches and transformer short circuits caused by the disconnection of the switch regulation loop.

[0156] Example 3:

[0157] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a control system for a multi-state fast adjustment switch, such as Figure 8 Shown, including:

[0158] The control module is used to independently control the on and off of multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts 2, so as to realize the uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts 2, so that the multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage adjustment gears; the multiple voltage adjustment gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage adjustment amount of each voltage adjustment gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms to realize variable step voltage regulation.

[0159] In this embodiment, the control module is specifically used to:

[0160] Based on different voltage regulation targets, the static contacts 2 of the two movable contact mechanisms that need to be conductively connected are determined and recorded as static contacts to be connected;

[0161] Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the multiple moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit 1 is recorded as a to-be-connected unit;

[0162] The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and turns off the controllable transition impedance 4 and the controllable switch 6 on the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 in the moving contact mechanism, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units 1 and the static contact 2 is disconnected.

[0163] Example 4

[0164] like Figure 9 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device, which may be a computer, a single-chip microcomputer, a smart mobile device, or the like. The electronic device in this embodiment may include a processor, a memory, a transceiver component, and the like. The memory, processor, and transceiver component are connected via a bus; the memory may be used to store an execution program, which may include instructions; and the processor may be used to execute the instructions stored in the memory. The memory may also be used to store data, which may be accessed and / or modified during the execution of the instructions.

[0165] The processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or it may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing core and control core of the terminal, which is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the storage medium to implement the corresponding method flow or corresponding function, so as to implement the steps of a control method of a multi-state fast adjustment switch in the above embodiment.

[0166] Example 5

[0167] Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a readable storage medium, specifically an electronic device-readable storage medium (Memory). The electronic device-readable storage medium is a memory device within the electronic device, used to store programs and data. It is understood that the storage medium herein may include both built-in storage media within the electronic device and, of course, extended storage media supported by the electronic device. The storage medium provides storage space, which stores the terminal's operating system. Furthermore, the storage space also stores one or more instructions suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor. These instructions may be one or more executable programs (including program code). It should be noted that the storage medium herein may be high-speed RAM memory or non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk drive. The processor loading and executing the one or more instructions stored in the storage medium can implement the steps of the control method for a multi-state fast adjustment switch described in the above-described embodiment.

[0168] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Thus, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0169] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, as well as combinations of processes and / or blocks in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowcharts and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0170] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0171] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0172] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit its scope of protection. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that after reading the present invention, those skilled in the art may still make various changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific implementation methods of the application, but these changes, modifications or equivalent substitutions are all within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-state fast adjustment switch, characterized in that: include: At least four static contacts (2) arranged in a ring array, two movable contact mechanisms that slide independently on a circumferential surface formed by all the static contacts (2), and a control device connected to the two movable contact mechanisms; there is a spacing between two adjacent static contacts (2); Each of the moving contact mechanisms comprises at least two independently switched moving contact sliding units (1); the number of the moving contact sliding units (1) in each of the moving contact mechanisms is determined according to the number of the static contacts (2) and a set rule; The plurality of static contacts (2) are connected to the plurality of input terminals of the fast adjustment switch, and each of the movable contact mechanisms realizes a conductive connection switch with each of the static contacts (2) without interruption of power supply during the sliding process; the movable contact mechanism is connected to the output terminal of the fast adjustment switch; All the static contacts (2) are divided into at least one static contact unit, each of the static contact units comprising at least four adjacent static contacts (2); the multiple static contacts (2) in the static contact unit are coded in ascending order; When the number of the static contact units is two or more, the static contact units are cyclically coded, and the static contacts (2) with the same coding in each static contact unit are connected through an interconnecting bus (9). After being connected, the static contacts (2) with the same coding are correspondingly connected to the multiple input ends of the fast adjustment switch, and the multiple input ends are connected to different taps of the power supply or transformer winding.

2. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mathematical expression of the set rule is expressed as: Wherein, m is the number of the moving contact sliding units (1) in each moving contact mechanism; n is the number of the static contacts (2) in the static contact unit; is the ceiling function.

3. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Each of the static contacts (2) has two conductive surfaces, and the two conductive surfaces of all the static contacts (2) respectively form two circumferential surfaces, and the two moving contact mechanisms slide independently along the two circumferential surfaces.

4. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The plurality of movable contact sliding units (1) in each movable contact mechanism slide synchronously, and the distance between two adjacent movable contact sliding units (1) is the distance of one or two stationary contacts (2).

5. The multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The movable contact mechanism comprises a rotating disk (3) arranged coaxially with the circumferential surface, and the movable contact sliding unit (1) comprises a controllable transition impedance (4) conductively connected and fixed on the rotating disk (3), an adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5), and a controllable switch (6); One end of the controllable transition impedance (4), the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the controllable switch (6) are arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction of the turntable (3), and the other ends of the controllable transition impedance (4), the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the controllable switch (6) are in sliding contact with the conductive surface; the spacing between the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) is smaller than the width of the conductive surface and larger than a set electrical insulation clearance; the turntable (3) is connected to the output end of the fast adjustment switch.

6. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the static contact (2) in contact with it is greater than a set voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) is less than a set impedance lower limit value; When the voltage between the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) and the static contact (2) in contact with it is less than the voltage protection value, the impedance of the adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) is greater than a set impedance upper limit value.

7. A multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adaptive nonlinear voltage limiter (5) includes the following: Zener diodes, thyristors, and varistors.

8. The multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control device comprises a turntable driver (8) connected to the turntable (3), a controller (7) electrically connected to the turntable driver (8), and a switch drive unit electrically connected to the moving contact sliding unit (1).

9. A control method for a multi-state fast regulating switch, characterized in that: Based on the fast adjustment switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8, the control method includes: Based on different voltage regulation targets, the control device independently controls the on-off of multiple moving contact sliding units (1) in the two moving contact mechanisms, or independently controls the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts (2), thereby realizing uninterrupted switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts (2), so that all the static contacts (2) of the fast regulating switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage regulation gears; the multiple voltage regulation gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amount of each voltage regulation gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms, thereby realizing variable step voltage regulation.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein The independent control of the on and off of a plurality of moving contact sliding units (1) in two moving contact mechanisms comprises: Based on different voltage regulation targets, determining the static contacts (2) that need to be conductively connected between the two movable contact mechanisms, which are recorded as static contacts to be connected; Based on each of the moving contact mechanisms, when one of the plurality of moving contact sliding units (1) in the moving contact mechanism is in contact with the to-be-connected static contact corresponding to the moving contact mechanism, the moving contact sliding unit (1) is recorded as a to-be-connected unit; The control device controls the closing of the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) on the unit to be turned on, so that the unit to be turned on is conductively connected to the static contact to be connected, and the controllable transition impedance (4) and the controllable switch (6) on the remaining moving contact sliding units (1) in the moving contact mechanism are turned off, so that the conductive connection between the remaining moving contact sliding units (1) and the static contact (2) is disconnected.

11. A control system for a multi-state fast adjustment switch, characterized in that: include: The fast adjustment switch according to any one of claims 1 to 8; A control module is used to independently control the on / off of multiple moving contact sliding units (1) in two moving contact mechanisms through a control device based on different voltage regulation targets, or independently control the sliding switching of the two moving contact mechanisms between two adjacent static contacts (2), so as to achieve uninterrupted power switching of the conductive connection between the two moving contact mechanisms and the multiple static contacts (2), so that the multiple input terminals of the fast regulating switch are connected in pairs to form multiple voltage regulating gears; the multiple voltage regulating gears correspond to different voltage regulation targets; the voltage regulation amount of each voltage regulating gear is output from the two moving contact mechanisms, so as to achieve variable step voltage regulation.

12. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: at least one processor and memory; The memory and the processor are connected via a bus; The memory is used to store one or more programs; When the one or more programs are executed by the at least one processor, the control method of the multi-state fast regulating switch as claimed in claim 9 or 10 is implemented.

13. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: An execution program is stored thereon, and when the execution program is executed, the control method of the multi-state fast adjustment switch according to claim 9 or 10 is implemented.

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