Power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module
By using a high-thermal conductivity hydrogel layer, a high-thermal inorganic composite phase change material layer and a hydrogel layer in the battery module to wrap the single cell to form a composite phase change system, the problems of damage and uneven temperature during impact are solved, and higher impact resistance and longer service life are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510385454.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The existing battery modules are prone to damage when impacted, and the internal temperature is uneven and affects the service life.
The power battery phase change-bionic liquid-cooling module is adopted to wrap the single cell from the inside to the outside through a high-thermal conductivity hydrogel layer, a high-thermal inorganic composite phase change material layer and a hydrogel layer to form a single cell sandwich composite phase change system to realize mechanical stress buffering and heat management.
Improves the temperature uniformity and impact resistance of the battery and extends the service life of the battery.
Smart Images
Figure CN120165098A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to a power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module. Background Art
[0002] At present, new energy products are becoming more and more popular. The battery module is the smallest unit that constitutes the energy storage system and is widely used. The single cell is the smallest energy storage unit of the battery module, and the single cells are closely arranged in the battery module. When the battery module is impacted, adjacent single cells are prone to extrusion, resulting in damage to the single cells, and even phenomena such as liquid leakage and fire. When the battery module is in use, the single cells will generate a large amount of heat, and the internal temperatures of multiple single cells may be uneven, affecting the service life of the battery. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module. The high-conductivity hydrogel layer, the high-thermal-conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer, and the hydrogel layer wrap the single cell in order from the inside out to form a single cell sandwich composite phase change system. The inner hydrogel realizes mechanical stress buffering and conducts the battery heat to the middle phase change layer. The phase change layer absorbs heat through solid-liquid phase change. The outer hydrogel blocks the heat diffusion between the batteries while buffering the stress, forming a thermal-mechanical coupling buffering mechanism, improving the battery temperature uniformity and impact resistance, and extending the battery service life.
[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows. It is a power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module, including a battery module; the battery module includes more than one single cell. A high-conductivity hydrogel layer is provided outside the single cell. A high-thermal-conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer is provided outside the high-conductivity hydrogel layer. A hydrogel layer is provided outside the high-thermal-conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer. The single cell, the high-conductivity hydrogel layer, the high-thermal-conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer, and the hydrogel layer form a single cell sandwich composite phase change system. The hydrogel layers of adjacent single cells are in contact with each other, and multiple single cells are arranged to form a battery module; The high-conductivity hydrogel layer is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1-4:1), and 5-8 wt% of a high-thermal-conductivity additive; The high-thermal-conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer is composed of 65-70 wt% of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 5-10 wt% of sodium silicate nonahydrate, 2-8 wt% of polyethylene glycol, and 20-28 wt% of expanded graphite; The hydrogel layer is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1-4:1); Liquid cooling plate; the liquid cooling plate is arranged above or below the single cell, and a bionic sap liquid cooling flow channel is arranged in the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling plate is in contact with the composite phase change system for heat conduction.
[0005] In this technical solution, the bionic sap liquid cooling flow channel includes a first liquid inlet, a second liquid inlet, a first liquid outlet, a second liquid outlet, a liquid inlet flow channel, a first liquid outlet flow channel, a second liquid outlet flow channel and a plurality of branched flow channels; the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet are respectively located on the left and right sides of the liquid cooling plate and are communicated through the liquid inlet flow channel, the first liquid outlet and the second liquid outlet are located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid cooling plate, the first liquid outlet flow channel is located above the liquid cooling plate and is communicated with the first liquid outlet, the second liquid outlet flow channel is located below the liquid cooling plate and is communicated with the second liquid outlet; the first liquid outlet flow channel and the second liquid outlet flow channel are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet flow channel through a plurality of branched flow channels.
[0006] In this technical solution, the high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer is composed of 65 - 80wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 20 - 35wt% of sodium alginate and 5 - 8wt% of high thermal conductivity additive.
[0007] In this technical solution, the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer is composed of 65 - 70wt% of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 5 - 10wt% of sodium metasilicate nonahydrate, 2 - 8wt% of polyethylene glycol and 20 - 28wt% of expanded graphite.
[0008] In this technical solution, the hydrogel layer is composed of 65 - 80wt% of polyvinyl alcohol and 20 - 35wt% of sodium alginate.
[0009] The advantages of the present invention compared with the prior art are: the high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer, the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer, and the hydrogel layer wrap the single cell in the order from the inside to the outside to form a single cell sandwich composite phase change system. The inner hydrogel realizes mechanical stress buffering and conducts the battery heat to the intermediate phase change layer. The phase change layer absorbs heat through solid-liquid phase change. The outer hydrogel buffers stress and blocks heat diffusion between batteries at the same time, forming a thermal-mechanical coupling buffering mechanism, improving the battery temperature uniformity and impact resistance, and extending the battery service life. Description of the Drawings
[0010] Figure 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the bionic sap liquid cooling flow channel of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments
[0011] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the description of these embodiments is for helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0012] In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "right", "inner", "left", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention rather than requiring the present invention to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
[0013] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "set" and "sheath" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0014] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, it is a power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module, which is characterized by including a battery module; the battery module includes more than one single battery 1. A highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2 is provided outside the single battery 1. A highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 is provided outside the highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2. A hydrogel layer 4 is provided outside the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3. The single battery 1, the highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2, the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3, and the hydrogel layer 4 form a single battery sandwich composite phase change system. The hydrogel layers 4 of adjacent single batteries 1 are in contact with each other, and multiple single batteries 1 are arranged to form a battery module; The highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1 - 4:1), and a highly thermally conductive additive 5 - 8wt%; The highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 is composed of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate 65 - 70wt%, sodium silicate nonahydrate 5 - 10wt%, polyethylene glycol 2 - 8wt%, and expanded graphite 20 - 28wt%; The hydrogel layer 4 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1 - 4:1); The polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate (the dry basis mass ratio can be 3:1, 3.1:1, 3.2:1, 3.3:1, 3.4:1, 3.5:1, 3.6:1, 3.7:1, 3.8:1, 3.9:1, 4:1, etc., and the range is between 3:1 and 4:1).
[0015] The high thermal conductivity additive can be 5wt%, 6wt%, 7wt%, 8wt%, etc., and the range is between 5-8wt%.
[0016] Liquid cooling plate 5; the liquid cooling plate 5 is arranged above or below the single battery 1, and a bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6 is arranged in the liquid cooling plate 5, and the liquid cooling plate 5 is in contact with the composite phase change system for heat conduction.
[0017] The high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer, the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer, and the hydrogel layer wrap the single battery in the order from the inside to the outside to form a single battery sandwich composite phase change system. The inner hydrogel realizes mechanical stress buffering and conducts the battery heat to the intermediate phase change layer. The phase change layer absorbs heat through solid-liquid phase change. The outer hydrogel blocks the heat diffusion between the batteries while buffering the stress, forming a thermal-mechanical coupling buffering mechanism, improving the battery temperature uniformity and impact resistance, and prolonging the battery service life.
[0018] When the high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer 2 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 4:1) and 5wt% of high thermal conductivity additive graphene oxide; The high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 is composed of 70wt% of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 8wt% of sodium silicate nonahydrate, 2wt% of polyethylene glycol, and 20wt% of expanded graphite; The hydrogel layer 4 is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 4:1);
[0019] The elongation at break, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of the high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer 2 are respectively: 178.1%, 0.71 MPa, and 0.15 Mpa; The phase change temperature of the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 is 35.2 °C, and the phase change enthalpy value is 161.3 kJ / kg; The elongation at break, tensile strength, and Young's modulus of the hydrogel layer 4 are respectively: 195.5%, 0.63 MPa, and 0.13 Mpa.
[0020] When the battery pack starts to operate, the single cell 1 generates heat. The highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2 conducts the heat to the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3, and the phase change material absorbs heat and melts into a liquid state. At the same time, the heat between the single cells 1 is isolated by the hydrogel layer 4; a 50% concentration ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used in the bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6, the inlet temperature is 25 °C, and the coolant flow rate is set to 6 L / min by an electronic water pump. After the coolant enters the bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6, it contacts and conducts heat with the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 through the upper surface of the liquid cooling plate 5. The highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 solidifies and releases heat, and the heat is carried away through the coolant circulation, realizing the recycling of the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3. The temperature of the battery pack is controlled at 30 - 38 °C, and the temperature uniformity is less than 3 °C.
[0021] In this embodiment, the bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6 includes a first liquid inlet 61, a second liquid inlet 62, a first liquid outlet 63, a second liquid outlet 64, a liquid inlet channel 65, a first liquid outlet channel 66, a second liquid outlet channel 67 and a plurality of bifurcated flow channels 68; the first liquid inlet 61 and the second liquid inlet 62 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the liquid cooling plate 5 and are connected through the liquid inlet channel 65. The first liquid outlet 63 and the second liquid outlet 64 are located on the upper and lower sides of the liquid cooling plate 5. The first liquid outlet channel 66 is located above the liquid cooling plate 5 and is connected to the first liquid outlet 63. The second liquid outlet channel 67 is located below the liquid cooling plate 5 and is connected to the second liquid outlet 64; the first liquid outlet channel 66 and the second liquid outlet channel 67 are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel 65 through a plurality of bifurcated flow channels 68.
[0022] When the battery pack starts to operate, the single cell 1 generates heat. The highly thermally conductive hydrogel layer 2 conducts the heat to the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3, and the phase change material absorbs heat and melts into a liquid state. At the same time, the heat between the single cells 1 is isolated by the hydrogel layer 4; a 50% concentration ethylene glycol aqueous solution is used in the bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6, the inlet temperature is 25 °C, and the coolant flow rates of the first liquid inlet 61 and the second liquid inlet 62 are set to 6 L / min by an electronic water pump. After the coolant enters the bionic sap liquid cooling channel 6, it contacts and conducts heat with the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 through the upper surface of the liquid cooling plate 5. The highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 solidifies and releases heat, and the heat is carried away through the coolant circulation, realizing the recycling of the highly thermally conductive inorganic composite phase change material layer 3. The temperature of the battery pack is controlled at 30 - 38 °C, and the temperature uniformity is less than 3 °C.
[0023] The surface of the liquid cooling plate 6 is in direct contact with the composite phase change system, and the heat absorbed by the phase change material layer is quickly removed through the coolant circulation system. The flow channel is composed of a bionic tree-like bifurcated flow channel, with higher heat conduction efficiency. Through the synergistic effect of the latent heat storage of the phase change material and the sensible heat transfer of the liquid cooling system, rapid heat conduction of the power battery pack and balanced control of the temperature field are achieved, effectively improving the thermal management reliability under the composite conditions of high-rate charge and discharge and mechanical vibration.
[0024] In this embodiment, the high thermal conductivity hydrogel layer 2 is composed of 65-80 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 20-35 wt% of sodium alginate, and 5-8 wt% of high thermal conductivity additive. The polyvinyl alcohol can be 65 wt%, 68 wt%, 70 wt%, 73 wt%, 76 wt%, 78 wt%, 80 wt%, etc., within the range of 65-80 wt%; the sodium alginate can be 20 wt%, 22 wt%, 25 wt%, 28 wt%, 30 wt%, 33 wt%, 35 wt%, etc., within the range of 20-35 wt%; the high thermal conductivity additive can be 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, etc., within the range of 5-8 wt%.
[0025] In this embodiment, the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer 3 is composed of 65-70 wt% of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 5-10 wt% of sodium silicate nonahydrate, 2-8 wt% of polyethylene glycol, and 20-28 wt% of expanded graphite.
[0026] The disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate can be 65 wt%, 66 wt%, 67 wt%, 68 wt%, 69 wt%, 70 wt%, etc., within the range of 65-70 wt%, the sodium silicate nonahydrate can be 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, etc., within the range of 5-10 wt%, the polyethylene glycol can be 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, etc., within the range of 2-8 wt%; the expanded graphite can be 20 wt%, 21 wt%, 22 wt%, 23 wt%, 24 wt%, 25 wt%, 26 wt%, 27 wt%, 28 wt%, etc., within the range of 20-28 wt%.
[0027] In this embodiment, the hydrogel layer 4 is composed of 65-80 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol and 20-35 wt% of sodium alginate.
[0028] The polyvinyl alcohol may be 65wt%, 67wt%, 70wt%, 72wt%, 75wt%, 78wt%, 80wt%, etc., within the range of 65 - 80wt%, and the sodium alginate may be 20wt%, 22wt%, 25wt%, 27wt%, 30wt%, 32wt%, 35wt%, etc., within the range of 20 - 35wt%.
[0029] The above has made a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. For those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations of these embodiments still fall within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module, characterized in that include A battery module; the battery module comprises more than one single battery (1); a high thermal conductivity thermal gel layer (2) is provided on the outside of the single battery (1); a high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer (3) is provided on the outside of the high thermal conductivity thermal gel layer (2); a hydrogel layer (4) is provided on the outside of the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer (3); the single battery (1), the high thermal conductivity thermal gel layer (2), the high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer (3) and the hydrogel layer (4) form a single battery sandwich composite phase change system; the hydrogel layers (4) of adjacent single batteries (1) are in contact with each other; and a plurality of single batteries (1) are arranged to form a battery module; The high thermal conductivity thermal gel layer (2) is composed of polyvinyl alcohol, sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1-4:1) and 5-8wt% of a high thermal conductivity additive; The high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer (3) is composed of 65-70 wt % of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 5-10 wt % of sodium silicate nonahydrate, 2-8 wt % of polyethylene glycol, and 20-28 wt % of expanded graphite; The hydrogel layer (4) is composed of polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate (dry basis mass ratio 3:1-4:1); A liquid cooling plate (5); the liquid cooling plate (5) is arranged on the upper side or the lower side of the single battery (1); a bionic tree liquid cooling channel (6) is arranged in the liquid cooling plate (5); the liquid cooling plate (5) is in contact with the composite phase change system for heat conduction.
2. The power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module according to claim 1, characterized in that The bionic tree liquid cooling channel (6) comprises a first liquid inlet (61), a second liquid inlet (62), a first liquid outlet (63), a second liquid outlet (64), a liquid inlet channel (65), a first liquid outlet channel (66), a second liquid outlet channel (67) and a plurality of branched flow channels (68); the first liquid inlet (61) and the second liquid inlet (62) are respectively located on the left and right sides of the liquid cooling plate (5) and are connected through the liquid inlet channel (65); the first liquid outlet The first liquid outlet (63) and the second liquid outlet (64) are located at the upper and lower sides of the liquid cooling plate (5); the first liquid outlet channel (66) is located at the upper part of the liquid cooling plate (5) and is connected to the first liquid outlet (63); the second liquid outlet channel (67) is located at the lower part of the liquid cooling plate (5) and is connected to the second liquid outlet (64); the first liquid outlet channel (66) and the second liquid outlet channel (67) are respectively connected to the liquid inlet channel (65) through a plurality of branched flow channels (68).
3. The power battery phase change-bionic liquid cooling module according to claim 1, characterized in that The high thermal conductivity thermal gel layer (2) is composed of 65-80 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol, 20-35 wt% of sodium alginate and 5-8 wt% of a high thermal conductivity additive.
4. The single cell sandwich composite phase change system according to claim 1, characterized in that The high thermal conductivity inorganic composite phase change material layer (3) is composed of 65-70 wt % of disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 5-10 wt % of sodium silicate nonahydrate, 2-8 wt % of polyethylene glycol, and 20-28 wt % of expanded graphite.
5. The single cell sandwich composite phase change system according to claim 1, characterized in that The hydrogel layer (4) is composed of 65-80 wt % of polyvinyl alcohol and 20-35 wt % of sodium alginate.