Motor and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a motor and a control system thereof, and the motor comprises a stator support and a rotor, and also comprises a motor shaft which penetrates through the stator support; the electromagnetic induction mechanism is arranged between the stator bracket and the rotor; the power control mechanism is mounted on the stator bracket; and the signal control mechanism is arranged outside the stator bracket. According to the invention, firstly, the accuracy of signal processing and the stability of the system are remarkably improved by reducing electromagnetic interference, secondly, the heat dissipation cost and the overall cost of the controller are reduced by efficient heat dissipation design, finally, the complicated PCB manufacturing process is avoided by separately arranging the circuit boards, the cost optimization is realized, and finally, the cost is reduced. Through the heat dissipation design of repeatedly utilizing the heat dissipation channel of the stator support, an independent heat dissipation channel needed when a power switch circuit is arranged outside the motor is avoided, and the heat dissipation cost and the overall cost of the controller are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of motors, and particularly to motors and their control systems. Background Art

[0002] A three-phase motor is a device that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy, and its working principle is based on electromagnetic induction. Through the magnetic field action of three-phase alternating current, a rotating torque is generated between the rotor and the stator of the motor, thereby driving the motor to rotate.

[0003] A common practice in existing motor control systems is to integrate power switches and signal circuits on a single circuit board. This integrated design has some obvious defects.

[0004] First, the required copper thickness of the signal circuit board is different from that of the power switch circuit board. To meet the high copper thickness requirement in the power switch area, it is necessary to electroplate thick tin on the signal circuit board, or the signal layer is forced to also use a high copper thickness. This not only increases the complexity of the manufacturing process but also significantly increases the cost.

[0005] Secondly, when the circuit board is placed close to the stator winding of the motor, the stator winding will generate high-frequency electromagnetic interference during operation, and the signal circuit board is sensitive to electromagnetic interference. Placing the signal control part near the stator will cause the signal circuit board to be interfered with, affecting the accuracy and stability of motor control.

[0006] Finally, since both the power switch and the signal circuit require multiple lines to participate, especially the interactive signals on the user side. If the signal control part is placed near the stator, it is required to pass a large number of lines through the motor shaft, which forces the size of the motor shaft to increase to accommodate these lines. However, the size of the motor shaft is usually carefully designed according to parameters such as the power, speed, and torque of the motor. Once the size of the shaft is increased, the original design balance will be broken, and it is necessary to redesign and adjust multiple components, increasing the design difficulty and cost.

[0007] Based on this, a motor and its control system are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a motor and its control system to solve the above problems.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A motor, including a stator bracket and a rotor, further including: A motor shaft that penetrates the stator bracket; An electromagnetic induction mechanism arranged between the stator bracket and the rotor; A power control mechanism installed on the stator bracket; A signal control mechanism arranged outside the stator bracket.

[0010] Preferably, the electromagnetic induction mechanism includes a stator core mounted on a stator bracket, a stator winding wound around the outer side of the stator core, three winding joints formed by gathering the ends of the stator winding, and permanent magnets mounted on the inner wall of the rotor.

[0011] Preferably, the power control mechanism includes a power switch circuit board mounted on the stator bracket. The number of the power switch circuit boards is one, and the input ends of the three winding joints are electrically connected to the power switch circuit board.

[0012] Preferably, the power control mechanism includes three power switch circuit boards mounted on the stator bracket. The three power switch circuit boards are respectively arranged at positions close to the three winding joints, and the input ends of the three winding joints are electrically connected to the corresponding power switch circuit boards.

[0013] Preferably, the signal control mechanism includes a control signal circuit board and a signal transmission component.

[0014] Preferably, the signal transmission component is a signal line.

[0015] Preferably, the signal transmission component is a wireless communication module.

[0016] Preferably, a rotor position sensor is also mounted on the stator bracket.

[0017] Preferably, the control system includes an acquisition module, an analysis module, and an adjustment module; The acquisition module detects the resistance and current data of the windings inside the main motor, detects the rated power, heat dissipation capacity, switching frequency, and withstand voltage value of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three, detects the flow rate data and pipe diameter data of the liquid cooling fluid of the main motor, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; The analysis module analyzes the resistance and current data of the windings inside the main motor to obtain the heat generation data of each stage of the main motor; analyzes the rated power, heat dissipation capacity, switching frequency, and withstand voltage value of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three to determine the shared power of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three, generates a power adjustment signal according to the heat generation data of each stage of the main motor and the magnitude of the shared power, and transmits the power adjustment signal to the adjustment module; analyzes the flow rate data and pipe diameter data of the liquid cooling fluid of the main motor to determine whether the liquid cooling heat exchange of the main motor is abnormal. If it is determined to be abnormal, a heat exchange abnormal signal is generated and transmitted to the adjustment module; The adjustment module receives the signals transmitted by the analysis module, distinguishes the types of the signals, and performs corresponding operations.

[0018] Preferably, the analysis steps of the heat generation data of the main motor by the analysis module are as follows: S1: Copper loss , is the resistance of the winding, is the resistance of the winding, iron loss , and are preset material coefficients, is the alternating magnetic field frequency, is the magnetic flux density amplitude, and are preset exponents; the heat generation of the motor in the corresponding state ; S2: Calculate the mean and standard deviation of multiple copper loss and iron loss data detected at the same time, and set the data fluctuation range for the data detected at the same time with the mean and standard deviation . Set the fluctuation range as . Mark the data outside the fluctuation range as outliers, remove the outliers, and then calculate the mean of the remaining data. Denote the mean of the remaining data obtained by calculation as the corresponding data detected at this detection moment; S3: Record the heat generation of each stage of the motor from the stationary state to the working state, plot the corresponding coordinate points on the coordinate system established by the heat generation and the acquisition time, and connect the lines. According to the time period corresponding to the starting stage of the motor startup, use the slope magnitude of the connected line in the corresponding stage as the heat generation change value of the corresponding stage. If there are multiple connected line slopes within the corresponding stage, calculate the average value of the slopes of each connected line, and compare the slope mean with the slopes corresponding to each time period in this stage, is the serial number of each time period; S4: If the preset difference threshold one , then determine that the heat generation change value of this stage is ; otherwise, based on the slope value corresponding to the starting time period of this stage, compare the slope value of the starting time period with the slope values of the remaining time periods in chronological order. After detecting that the absolute value of the difference between the slope value of the th time period and the slope value of the starting time period is greater than the preset difference threshold two, determine that the time period from the starting time period to the th time period is a small stage, and the heat generation change value of this stage is the slope mean from the starting time period to the th time period; S5: Divide each small stage of the corresponding startup stage according to the above method, and record the change value of the heat production corresponding to each small stage.

[0019] Preferably, the analysis steps for the power sharing of the power switches by the analysis module are as follows: K1: The rated powers of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are , and respectively. Normalize the rated powers of the three power switches to obtain the relative rated powers , and , , , is the maximum value of the rated powers of the three power switches; K2: The heat dissipation capabilities of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are , and respectively. Normalize the heat dissipation capabilities of the three power switches to obtain the relative heat dissipation capabilities , and , , , is the maximum value of the heat dissipation capabilities of the three power switches; K3: The switching frequencies of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are , and respectively. Normalize the switching frequencies of the three power switches to obtain the relative switching frequencies , and , , , is the maximum value of the switching frequencies of the three power switches; K4: The breakdown voltages of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are , and respectively. Normalize the breakdown voltages of the three power switches to obtain the relative breakdown voltages , and , , , is the maximum value of the breakdown voltages of the three power switches; K5: Calculate the comprehensive coefficient of the power switch according to the above data, is the weight coefficient of the rated power, is the weight coefficient of the heat dissipation capacity, and is the weight coefficient of the switching frequency , and is the weight coefficient of the withstand voltage value ; the total power of the liquid-cooled motor in the corresponding stage is , then the power shared by power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three in the corresponding stage is , ; generate a power adjustment signal according to the power sharing of each power switch, and transmit the power adjustment signal to the adjustment module.

[0020] Preferably, the analysis steps for heat exchange abnormality by the analysis module are as follows: M1: Flow velocity affects the convective heat transfer coefficient , , is the thermal conductivity of the coolant, is the inner diameter of the pipe, and the Reynolds number , is the kinematic viscosity, and the Prandtl number , , is the dynamic viscosity of the coolant, is a preset parameter; then the calculated heat transfer amount of the liquid-cooled motor , is the surface area of the cooling pipe, is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the coolant; M2: Detect the actual heat transfer amount of the liquid-cooled motor. If the preset heat transfer threshold , it is determined that the heat transfer of the liquid-cooled motor is stable; otherwise, generate a heat exchange abnormality signal and transmit the heat exchange abnormality signal to the adjustment module.

[0021] Preferably, the operation execution steps of the adjustment module are as follows: N1: After receiving the power adjustment signal, use the heat generation data of the main motor in the corresponding stage as the total power, and adjust power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three according to the proportion of the shared power; N2: After receiving the heat exchange abnormality signal, control the buzzer module inside the controller to emit a buzzer warning to inform the staff to perform maintenance operations in time.

[0022] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this application, by setting the signal control mechanism (control signal circuit board) at a position far from the motor, the interference of the high-frequency harmonic magnetic field inside the motor to the signal processing circuit is avoided. This design significantly improves the accuracy and stability of signal processing, reduces signal distortion and error code problems, and thus enhances the overall reliability of the system.

[0023] 2. In this application, the signal circuit board and the power switch circuit board are arranged separately, avoiding the need to achieve different copper thicknesses on the same PCB. The separate design can reduce the manufacturing cost of the PCB and avoid the additional thick tin plating process, thus achieving cost optimization.

[0024] 3. In this application, through the heat dissipation design of reusing the heat dissipation channels of the stator bracket, the independent heat dissipation channels required when the power switch circuit is set outside the motor are avoided, reducing the heat dissipation cost and the overall cost of the controller.

[0025] 4. In this application, through the method of accurately distributing the power shared by each power switch after being determined by the analysis module, the situation that the power switch accumulates too much heat, the temperature rises sharply or even burns out due to exceeding the normal heat dissipation capacity is avoided, effectively ensuring the stable operation of the power switch and reducing the risk of damage to the power switch.

[0026] 5. In this application, through the analysis of the analysis module on the different total powers in each stage and the performance differences of the three power switches, the power of the power switches is reasonably distributed, solving the problems of unstable motor startup process, large vibration and noise when the specific distribution of the power switches is not clear; the optimized startup power distribution method can reduce the adverse impact on the mechanical structure of the motor, improve the stability and reliability of motor startup, extend the service life of the motor, and ensure the stable operation of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the external structure of the motor provided according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the motor provided according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 Shows a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the motor provided according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 4 Shows a system flow chart provided according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0028] LEGEND DESCRIPTION: 1. Rotor; 2. Permanent magnet; 3. Stator bracket; 4. Motor shaft; 5. Stator core; 6. Stator winding; 7. Winding joint; 8. Power switch circuit board. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 - 3 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a motor, including a stator bracket 3 and a rotor 1, further including: A motor shaft 4, and the motor shaft 4 penetrates through the stator bracket 3; An electromagnetic induction mechanism, which is arranged between the stator bracket 3 and the rotor 1; A power control mechanism, which is installed on the stator bracket 3; a signal control mechanism, which is arranged outside the stator bracket 3.

[0031] The power control mechanism is arranged on the stator bracket 3 and is used to control the power output of the motor to meet different load requirements. By optimizing the power control, the energy efficiency of the motor can be improved and the energy consumption can be reduced. The signal control mechanism is arranged outside the stator bracket 3 and is used to detect electrical quantities, including information such as the position and speed of the rotor 1, the current of the stator winding 6, the temperature, etc., and information such as the voltage and temperature of the battery, and combines with the user information to process and control the action of the power switch circuit board 8 to realize the safe and reasonable operation of the interaction information between the motor and the user.

[0032] By arranging the signal control mechanism outside the motor away from it, the problem of electromagnetic interference of the high-frequency harmonic-rich magnetic field of the motor on the signal processing circuit can be avoided, and the reliability is higher and the failure rate is reduced compared with the existing patent solution of integrating the power switch together and placing it at the stator.

[0033] Specifically, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the electromagnetic induction mechanism includes a stator core 5 installed on the stator bracket 3. A stator winding 6 is wound around the outside of the stator core 5. The ends of the stator winding 6 converge to form three winding joints 7. A permanent magnet 2 is installed on the inner wall of the rotor 1.

[0034] The stator core 5 is installed on the stator bracket 3 and is usually laminated by silicon steel sheets with high magnetic permeability to reduce hysteresis loss and eddy current loss. The stator winding 6 is wound around the outside of the stator core and is used to generate a rotating magnetic field. The ends of the stator winding 6 converge to form three winding joints 7. This design is convenient for connecting with an external power supply or a controller to realize the input of three-phase alternating current.

[0035] The permanent magnet 2 usually adopts high-performance neodymium iron boron (NdFeB) or other rare earth permanent magnet materials to improve the efficiency and power density of the motor. The permanent magnet 2 can adopt different arrangement methods, such as a double V-shaped permanent magnet structure, to realize the sinusoidalization of the magnetic chain and back electromotive force, reduce the air-gap magnetic field harmonics, and reduce torque ripple and vibration noise.

[0036] Specifically, as Figure 2 shown, the power control mechanism includes a power switch circuit board 8 installed on the stator bracket 3. The number of the power switch circuit boards 8 is one, and the input ends of the three winding joints 7 are electrically connected to the power switch circuit board 8.

[0037] The signal control mechanism includes a control signal circuit board and a signal transmission component. The signal transmission component is a signal line, and the signal transmission component is a wireless communication module.

[0038] When the signal transmission component is a signal line, the signal line serves as a bridge connecting the control signal circuit board and the power switch circuit board 8, and is responsible for transmitting the signals on the power switch circuit board 8 to the control signal circuit board. These signals may include information such as the current, voltage, and temperature of the motor. The signals received by the control signal circuit board usually need to be processed to remove noise and interference to ensure the accuracy of the signals. The processed signals will be input into the control algorithm. Common control algorithms include the back electromotive force method, the high-frequency signal injection method, the model-based observer method, etc. These algorithms estimate the position and speed of the rotor 1 in real time according to the signals received by the control signal circuit board to achieve precise control of the motor.

[0039] The signals on the power switch circuit board 8 are sent to the control signal circuit board through the wireless communication module. After the wireless communication module on the control signal circuit board receives these signals, it demodulates and decodes them to extract the original data. These data usually include information such as the current and voltage of the motor, which can be used to estimate the position and speed of the rotor 1. The processed signals are input into the control algorithm. Common control algorithms include the back electromotive force method, the high-frequency signal injection method, the model-based observer method, etc. These algorithms estimate the position and speed of the rotor 1 in real time according to the received signals to achieve precise control of the motor.

[0040] A rotor position sensor is installed on the stator bracket 3.

[0041] The rotor position sensor is used to detect the position of the rotor 1 in real time. The position signal of the rotor 1 detected by the rotor position sensor is transmitted to the control signal circuit board through the signal line or the wireless communication module. The wireless communication module or the signal line serves as a bridge connecting the sensor and the signal circuit board to ensure the accurate transmission of the signals.

[0042] The signal control mechanism and the power control mechanism are arranged separately, reducing the electromagnetic interference of the high-frequency power switch on the signal processing circuit. By reducing electromagnetic interference and optimizing heat dissipation, the stability and reliability of the system are improved. At the same time, the separate arrangement enables the motor shaft 4 not to accommodate a large number of signal lines, avoiding the increase in the size of the motor shaft 4, maintaining the original dimensions of each component of the motor, and maintaining the compactness and performance of the motor.

[0043] The control signal circuit board requires a thinner copper thickness compared to the power switch circuit board 8. The control signal circuit board only needs a circuit board with a copper thickness of 0.5 ounces, while the power switch circuit board 8 requires a circuit board with a copper thickness of 2 ounces or more. The separate arrangement can avoid the need to achieve two different copper thickness requirements on one PCB, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.

[0044] From the perspective of heat generation, the control signal circuit board does not generate heat and does not require heat dissipation means and corresponding costs. The high-heat-generating power switch can be placed at the stator to obtain better cost-saving conditions compared to conventional controllers.

[0045] Specifically, as Figures 1 - 3 shown, the stator bracket 3 is made of a metal material, and a coolant is filled between the stator bracket 3 and the rotor 1.

[0046] The stator bracket 3 made of a metal material can provide high mechanical strength and stability, ensuring the structural integrity of the motor during operation.

[0047] Metal has good heat conduction performance and can quickly conduct the heat generated by the power switch circuit board 8 and the stator winding 6 to the coolant, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The coolant can cool the stator core 5, the stator winding 6, and the rotor 1 at the same time, ensuring uniform temperature of each component of the motor and reducing the performance degradation caused by local overheating.

[0048] Embodiment 2: Basically the same as the solution of Embodiment 1, the difference is that, as Figures 3 - 4 shown, the power control mechanism includes a power switch circuit board 8 mounted on the stator bracket 3. The number of power switch circuit boards 8 is three, and the three power switch circuit boards 8 are respectively arranged at positions close to the three winding joints 7. The input ends of the three winding joints 7 are electrically connected to the corresponding power switch circuit boards 8.

[0049] The total number of power switch circuit boards 8 is three, corresponding to the three-phase windings (U, V, W) of the motor respectively. Each power switch circuit board 8 is close to the corresponding winding joint 7, facilitating the direct control of the current of the stator winding 6.

[0050] By controlling the power devices (such as MOSFET, IGBT, SCR, MCT, SIT, SIC or GAN) on the power switch circuit board 8, the on-off control of the motor winding is achieved, thereby adjusting the power output of the motor.

[0051] The three power switch circuit boards 8 are respectively close to the three-phase windings, which can effectively disperse heat and reduce the heat generation of each power switch. This design reduces the need for a centralized heat dissipation system, reduces the heat dissipation cost, and achieves efficient heat dissipation, high reliability and flexible control.

[0052] At the same time, the distributed design reduces the risk of single-point failure. Even if one of the power switch circuit boards 8 fails, the other two phases can still continue to work. Each power switch circuit board 8 works independently, reducing mutual interference, thereby improving the overall reliability of the system.

[0053] The liquid-cooled motor control system includes an acquisition module, an analysis module and an adjustment module; Monitor the heat generation during the operation of the liquid-cooled motor. The total loss generated during the operation of the motor can be approximately regarded as the heat source, mainly including copper loss and iron loss; the copper loss , is the resistance of the winding, is the resistance of the winding, and the iron loss , and are preset material coefficients, is the alternating magnetic field frequency, is the magnetic flux density amplitude, and are preset exponents; During the operation of the motor, detect the copper loss and iron loss data of the motor, and calculate the mean value and the standard deviation of the multiple copper loss and iron loss data detected at the same time. Use the mean value and the standard deviation to set the data fluctuation range for the data detected at the same time. Set the fluctuation range to . Mark the data outside the fluctuation range as outliers. After removing the outliers, calculate the mean value of the remaining data, and record the mean value of the remaining data obtained as the corresponding data detected at this detection moment; The heat generation of the motor in the corresponding state , record the heat generation of the motor at each stage from the stationary state to the working state, plot the corresponding coordinate points on the coordinate system established with heat generation and acquisition time, and connect the lines. According to the time period corresponding to the motor startup stage, use the slope magnitude of the connected line in the corresponding stage as the heat generation change value in the corresponding stage. If there are multiple connected line slopes within the corresponding stage, calculate the average value of the slopes of each connected line and use the slope mean to compare with the slopes corresponding to each time period in this stage . Let \(i\) be the serial number of each time period. If the preset difference threshold one is satisfied, then determine that the heat generation change value in this stage is ; otherwise, based on the slope value corresponding to the starting time period of this stage, compare the slope value of the starting time period with the slope values of the remaining time periods in chronological order. After detecting that the absolute value of the difference between the slope value of the th time period and the slope value of the starting time period is greater than the preset difference threshold two, determine that the time period from the starting time period to the th time period is a small stage, and the heat generation change value in this stage is the average value of the slopes from the starting time period to the th time period ; divide each small stage of the corresponding startup stage according to the above method, and record the heat generation change value corresponding to each small stage.

[0054] Detect the rated power, heat dissipation capacity, switching frequency, and withstand voltage value of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three. The rated powers of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are respectively , and . Normalize the rated powers of the three power switches to obtain the relative rated powers , and , , , is the maximum value of the rated powers of the three power switches; The heat dissipation capacities of power switch one, power switch two, and power switch three are respectively , and . Normalize the heat dissipation capacities of the three power switches to obtain the relative heat dissipation capacities , and , , , is the maximum value of the heat dissipation capacities of the three power switches; The switching frequencies of Power Switch 1, Power Switch 2, and Power Switch 3 are respectively , and . Normalize the switching frequencies of the three power switches to obtain the relative switching frequencies , and , , , is the maximum value of the switching frequencies among the three power switches; The breakdown voltages of Power Switch 1, Power Switch 2, and Power Switch 3 are respectively , and . Normalize the breakdown voltages of the three power switches to obtain the relative breakdown voltages , and , , , is the maximum value of the breakdown voltages among the three power switches; Calculate the comprehensive coefficient of the power switch based on the above data. is the weight coefficient of the rated power, is the weight coefficient of the heat dissipation capacity, the weight coefficient of the switching frequency is , and the weight coefficient of the breakdown voltage is ; The total power of the liquid-cooled motor at the corresponding stage is , then the powers borne by Power Switch 1, Power Switch 2, and Power Switch 3 at the corresponding stage are , ; Generate a power adjustment signal according to the magnitudes of the powers borne by each power switch, and transmit the power adjustment signal to the adjustment module.

[0055] In the liquid-cooling structure of the liquid-cooled motor, the greater the flow rate of the coolant, the more heat is carried away per unit time. The flow rate affects the convective heat transfer coefficient , , is the thermal conductivity of the coolant, is the inner diameter of the pipe, the Reynolds number , is the kinematic viscosity, the Prandtl number , , is the dynamic viscosity of the coolant, is a preset parameter. When the fluid is heated, takes a value of 0.4. When the fluid is cooled, The value of is 0.3; then the calculated heat transfer amount of the liquid-cooled motor is the surface area of the cooling pipe, and is the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the coolant; Detect the actual heat transfer amount of the liquid-cooled motor . If the preset heat transfer threshold

[0056] is satisfied, it is determined that the heat transfer of the liquid-cooled motor is stable; otherwise, a heat transfer abnormal signal is generated and transmitted to the adjustment module.

[0056] The above description of the embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A motor, comprising a stator support (3) and a rotor (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A motor shaft (4), the motor shaft (4) passing through the stator bracket (3); An electromagnetic induction mechanism is arranged between the stator support (3) and the rotor (1); A power control mechanism is mounted on the stator support (3); and a signal control mechanism is arranged outside the stator support (3).

2. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The electromagnetic induction mechanism comprises a stator core (5) mounted on a stator support (3), a stator winding (6) being wound around the outer side of the stator core (5), the ends of the stator winding (6) being gathered together to form three winding joints (7), and a permanent magnet (2) being mounted on the rotor (1).

3. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that The power control mechanism comprises a power switch circuit board (8) mounted on the stator support (3), the number of the power switch circuit board (8) is one, and the input ends of the three winding joints (7) are electrically connected to the power switch circuit board (8).

4. The motor according to claim 2, characterized in that The power control mechanism comprises a power switch circuit board (8) mounted on a stator support (3), the number of the power switch circuit boards (8) being three, the three power switch circuit boards (8) being respectively arranged at positions close to three winding joints (7), and the input ends of the three winding joints (7) being electrically connected to the corresponding power switch circuit boards (8).

5. The motor according to claim 1, characterized in that The signal control mechanism includes a control signal circuit board and a signal transmission component.

6. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that The signal transmission component is a signal line.

7. The motor according to claim 5, characterized in that The signal transmission component is a wireless communication module.

8. The motor according to any one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that: A rotor position sensor is also mounted on the stator bracket (3).

9. A motor control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The control system includes a collection module, an analysis module and a regulation module; The acquisition module detects the resistance and current data of the internal winding of the main motor, the rated power, heat dissipation capacity, switching frequency and withstand voltage value of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3, the flow rate data and pipe diameter data of the liquid cooling fluid of the main motor, and transmits the detected data to the analysis module; The analysis module analyzes the resistance and current data of the internal winding of the main motor to obtain the heat generation data of each stage of the main motor; analyzes the rated power, heat dissipation capacity, switching frequency and withstand voltage value of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3, determines the shared power of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3, and generates a power adjustment signal according to the heat generation data and shared power size of each stage of the main motor, and transmits the power adjustment signal to the adjustment module; analyzes the flow rate data and pipe diameter data of the liquid cooling fluid of the main motor to determine whether the liquid cooling heat exchange of the main motor is abnormal. If it is determined to be abnormal, a heat exchange abnormality signal is generated, and the heat exchange abnormality signal is transmitted to the adjustment module; The adjustment module receives the signal transmitted by the analysis module, identifies the type of the signal, and performs corresponding operations.

10. The motor control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The analysis module analyzes the heat generation data of the main motor at each stage as follows: S1: Copper loss , is the resistance through the winding, is the resistance of the winding, iron loss , and is the preset material coefficient, is the frequency of the alternating magnetic field, is the magnetic flux density amplitude, and is the preset index; the heat generated by the motor in the corresponding state ; S2: Average the multiple copper loss and iron loss data detected at the same time and standard deviation Calculation of the mean and standard deviation Set the data fluctuation range for the data detected at the same time. Set the fluctuation range to , mark the data that are not within the fluctuation range as outliers, remove the outliers, calculate the mean of the remaining data, and record the calculated mean of the remaining data as the corresponding data detected at the detection time; S3: Record the heat generation of the motor at each stage from the static state to the working state, draw the corresponding coordinate points on the coordinate system established by the heat generation and the acquisition time, and connect the lines. According to the time period corresponding to the motor startup stage, the slope of the corresponding stage connection line is used as the heat generation change value of the corresponding stage. If there are multiple time period connection slopes in the corresponding stage, the slopes of each connection line are averaged. Calculate the slope and average The slope corresponding to each time period of this stage For comparison, is the serial number of each time period; S4: If the preset difference threshold is , then the heat production change value of this stage is determined to be Otherwise, the slope value corresponding to the starting time period of this stage is used as the reference, and the slope value of the starting time period is compared with the slope values ​​of the remaining time periods in chronological order. When the absolute value of the difference between the slope value of the first time period and the slope value of the starting time period is greater than the preset difference threshold value 2, it is determined that the starting time period to the first time period Each time period is a small stage, and the heat production change value of this stage is from the starting time period to the The mean slope of the time period ; S5: Divide the corresponding startup phase into small phases according to the above method, and record the heat generation change value corresponding to each small phase.

11. The motor control system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The analysis module can analyze the power sharing of the power switch in the following steps: K1: The rated power of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 are , and , the rated powers of the three power switches are normalized to obtain the relative rated power , and , , , It is the maximum value of the rated power among the three power switches; K2: The heat dissipation capacity of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 are , and , the heat dissipation capacity of the three power switches is normalized to obtain the relative heat dissipation capacity , and , , , is the maximum value of the heat dissipation capacity among the three power switches; K3: The switching frequencies of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 are , and , the switching frequencies of the three power switches are normalized to obtain the relative switching frequency , and , , , is the maximum value of the switching frequency among the three power switches; K4: The withstand voltage values ​​of power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 are , and , the withstand voltage values ​​of the three power switches are normalized to obtain the relative withstand voltage value , and , , , is the maximum withstand voltage value among the three power switches; K5: Calculate the comprehensive coefficient of power switch based on the above data , is the weight coefficient of rated power, is the weight coefficient of heat dissipation capacity, is the weight coefficient of switching frequency , is the weight coefficient of the withstand voltage value ; The total power of the liquid-cooled motor in the corresponding stage is , then the power shared by power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 in the corresponding stage is , ; Generate a power regulation signal according to the power shared by each power switch, and transmit the power regulation signal to the regulation module.

12. The motor control system according to claim 11, characterized in that: The analysis steps of the analysis module for heat exchange anomaly are as follows: M1: Flow rate Influence of convection heat transfer coefficient , , is the thermal conductivity of the coolant, is the inner diameter of the pipe, and the Reynolds number , is the kinematic viscosity, Prandtl number , , is the dynamic viscosity of the coolant, is the preset parameter; the calculated heat exchange capacity of the liquid-cooled motor , is the cooling pipe surface area, The temperature difference between the coolant inlet and outlet; M2: Actual heat exchange for liquid-cooled motor Perform detection, if the preset heat exchange threshold , it is determined that the heat exchange of the liquid-cooled motor is stable; otherwise, a heat exchange abnormality signal is generated and transmitted to the regulation module.

13. The motor control system according to claim 12, characterized in that: The steps for adjusting the module to perform operations are as follows: N1: After receiving the power adjustment signal, the heat generation data of the main motor in the corresponding stage is taken as the total power, and the power switch 1, power switch 2 and power switch 3 are adjusted according to the proportion of shared power; N2: After receiving the abnormal heat exchange signal, the buzzer module inside the controller sends out a buzzer warning to inform the staff to perform maintenance operations in time.

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