Optical cable fault positioning method and system and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical cable fault positioning, in particular to an optical cable fault positioning method and system and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: constructing an optical cable operation link topological graph by obtaining optical cable communication link operation data and combining optical cable transmission line distribution conditions and operation transmission link parameters; according to the abnormal trend data of the transmission signal of the optical cable and the link topological graph, measuring abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link, and further detecting the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable; according to a detection result, analyzing abnormal data of an optical cable operation jump point structure, and identifying an optical cable transmission load imbalance condition; the optical cable operation performance degradation trend is predicted by evaluating the unbalanced load, finally, optical cable fault type division is performed, fault positioning processing is performed on a link topological graph, and optical cable fault positioning data is obtained; according to the invention, the optical cable fault is positioned, so that the optical cable fault identification is more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical cable fault location, and particularly to an optical cable fault location method, system and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] As a high-capacity, high-speed, and low-loss transmission medium, optical cables are widely used in multiple fields such as long-distance trunk communication, urban backbone networks, and data center interconnection. Their operating status is directly related to the stability and reliability of the overall performance of the communication system. In the actual application process, due to factors such as environmental changes, mechanical damage, material aging, and external interference, optical cables are extremely prone to abnormal problems such as minor structural damage, performance degradation, local fracture, and connection point failure, which in turn lead to a decline in link transmission performance and even communication interruption. Existing optical cable fault detection methods mainly include means such as optical time domain reflectometry (OTDR) testing, link transmission performance statistical analysis, and online monitoring systems. Larger-scale link faults can be detected. However, traditional optical cable fault location has problems of inaccurate detection of abnormal states at dynamic operation jump points of optical cables and inaccurate positioning of optical cable faults. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide an optical cable fault location method, system and storage medium to solve at least one of the above technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above object, an optical cable fault location method includes the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the operating data of the optical cable communication link; collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the operating data of the optical cable communication link; extract the optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the operating data of the optical cable communication link; construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission line and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; Step S2: Determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal according to the operating data of the optical cable communication link; measure the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the optical cable operation link topology diagram; detect the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable according to the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link; Step S3: Detect the abnormal structure data of the optical cable operation jump point according to the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable; determine the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the abnormal structure data of the optical cable operation jump point; detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; determine the unbalanced optical cable transmission load according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point; Step S4: Evaluate the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the unbalanced load of the optical cable transmission; classify the types of optical cable operation faults based on the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance to obtain the optical cable operation fault type data; perform optical cable fault location processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain the optical cable fault location data.

[0005] By acquiring the operation data of the optical cable communication link, the present invention can accurately monitor the transmission state and operation condition of the optical cable. Further, according to the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines and the transmission link parameters, an accurate optical cable operation link topology diagram is constructed, providing accurate basic data for subsequent fault location and performance optimization. Through the monitoring of the abnormal trend of the optical cable signal and the analysis of the transition gradient, potential problems in signal transmission can be detected in a timely manner, the abnormal jump points can be quickly located, the time for fault propagation can be reduced, and the reliability of the network can be improved. Based on the detection of the abnormal state, combined with the analysis of the abnormal data of the optical cable structure, the problem of unbalanced transmission load can be effectively identified, so as to discover and handle the load bottleneck in the optical cable system in advance and optimize the optical cable load distribution. Based on the evaluation of the unbalanced transmission load and the degradation trend of the performance, accurate classification of the fault types can be realized, which is helpful for optical cable fault location, and by adjusting and optimizing the topology structure in real time, the impact of faults on the system can be reduced. The overall process enhances the fault tolerance and operation efficiency of the optical cable system, improves the maintenance response speed, reduces the fault recovery time, and ensures the stable and efficient operation of the communication system. Therefore, the present invention is an optimized treatment for the traditional optical cable fault location, solving the problems of inaccurate detection of the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump points of the optical cable and inaccurate optical cable fault location in the traditional optical cable fault location, and improving the accuracy of detecting the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump points of the optical cable and the accuracy of optical cable fault location.

[0006] The present invention also provides an optical cable fault location system for executing the optical cable fault location method as described above. The optical cable fault location system includes: An optical cable operation link topology diagram construction module, configured to acquire the operation data of the optical cable communication link; collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; extract the optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; A jump point abnormal state detection module, configured to determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; determine the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the optical cable operation link topology diagram; detect the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump points of the optical cable according to the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data; An optical cable transmission load imbalance determination module is used to detect abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point; determine the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure; detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; determine the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point; An optical cable fault location and processing module is used to evaluate the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation; classify the optical cable operation fault types based on the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance to obtain optical cable operation fault type data; perform optical cable fault location and processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain optical cable fault location data.

[0007] The optical cable fault location system of the present invention can implement any optical cable fault location method of the present invention and is used as a medium for coordinating the operations and signal transmissions between each module to complete the optical cable fault location method. The internal modules of the system cooperate with each other. By accurately obtaining the operation data of the optical cable communication link and combining link anomaly detection, load imbalance analysis, and fault type classification, it can achieve rapid location and performance optimization of optical cable faults, and improve the reliability and operation efficiency of the optical cable system.

[0008] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, where the computer program is used to execute the optical cable fault location method described above. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0009] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the step flow of an optical cable fault location method; Figure 2 For Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the detailed implementation step flow of step S3 in Figure 3 For Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the detailed implementation step flow of step S4 in The realization, functional features, and advantages of the purpose of the present invention will be further described with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Detailed Embodiments

[0010] The technical method of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0011] In addition, the accompanying drawings are only schematic illustrations of the present invention and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus repeated descriptions thereof will be omitted. Some of the block diagrams shown in the drawings are functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically or logically independent entities. The functional entities may be implemented in software form, or in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or in different networks and / or processor methods and / or microcontroller methods.

[0012] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments, the first unit may be referred to as the second unit, and similarly the second unit may be referred to as the first unit. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed associated items.

[0013] To achieve the above object, please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , an optical cable fault location method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Obtain the operation data of the optical cable communication link; collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; extract the optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission line and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; In the embodiments of the present invention, optical signal real-time monitoring devices are deployed at both ends of the optical cable communication link to collect the operation data of the optical cable communication link. Specifically, an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) is used to periodically transmit detection pulse signals, and the time delay and intensity information of the backscattered signals are recorded. Based on the optical signal attenuation characteristics, the distribution of each section of the optical cable transmission line is measured, including spatial distribution data such as the positions of optical cable nodes, splice boxes, relay amplifiers, branch points, and backbone sections. At the same time, in combination with the distributed temperature sensors (DTS) and distributed strain sensors (DSS) configured on the optical fiber link, the temperature gradient changes and strain data of different sections during operation are collected to further supplement the structural layout information of the optical cable transmission line. In terms of extracting the parameters of the optical cable operation transmission link, according to the echo curve collected by the OTDR, the attenuation coefficient (unit: dB / km), return loss (unit: dB), and total link loss (unit: dB) of each section of the optical cable are analyzed section by section. At the same time, according to the temperature data collected by the distributed sensors, the temperature change amplitude and strain amplitude of different sections of the optical cable are recorded to form a parameter table for unified filing. After the data of each link parameter is digitally processed, it is respectively marked to the corresponding link section. On this basis, in combination with the distribution of the optical cable transmission line and the parameters of the optical cable operation transmission link, using the spatial geometry construction method, the connection relationship of each section of the optical cable is determined according to the node coordinates to form a binary structure set of link nodes - link sections. Through a three-dimensional visualization graphics processing unit, this set is mapped into a topological diagram of the optical cable operation link, in which the positions of each node, the transmission parameters of the link sections, and the physical connection relationship between the nodes are clearly marked to obtain a complete topological diagram of the optical cable operation link.

[0014] Step S2: Determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal based on the operation data of the optical cable communication link; determine the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the topological diagram of the optical cable operation link; detect the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable according to the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link; In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the operation data of the optical cable communication link obtained in step S1, the high-precision optical power detection module is used to continuously measure the power intensity of the transmission signals of each link section, and detailed data on the change of the signal intensity over time is recorded. By setting continuous time windows (such as 5 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour), the average value, the maximum change rate, and the standard deviation of the signal intensity are statistically analyzed. When the signal change trend exceeds a pre-set stability threshold (such as the power decline rate exceeds 0.5 dB / h, or the standard deviation exceeds 0.2 dB), it is determined as an abnormal trend of the optical cable transmission signal, and the abnormal time period and the abnormal section number are marked to form the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal. According to the node-link section structural relationship in the optical cable operation link topology diagram, combined with the abnormal trend data, a segmented gradient analysis method is adopted to calculate the abnormal transition gradient value (unit: dB / km) per unit length of each link section, and the transition gradient value is mapped onto the link topology structure to form the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data. This data clearly records the spatial distribution characteristics of the abnormal signal changes in each link section. Based on the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data, jump point detection is carried out. The specific operation is as follows: scan the entire link, compare the abnormal gradient data of each section of the optical cable with its adjacent sections, and identify the jump points where the abnormal transition amplitude is significantly higher than the surrounding average level. The jump determination condition is set as: the abnormal transition gradient is greater than the set threshold (such as 1.5 dB / km) relative to the average value of the adjacent sections. The jump points that meet the conditions are located and recorded to form the abnormal state data of the optical cable dynamic operation jump points, specifically marking the physical location, the abnormal amplitude, and the corresponding time period of the jump points.

[0015] Step S3: Detect the structural abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump points according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump points; determine the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structural materials according to the structural abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump points; detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection points according to the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structural materials; determine the unbalanced optical cable transmission load according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection points; In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the abnormal state data of the dynamic operation jump points of the optical cable obtained in step S2, for each jump point position, the echo characteristic curve and the temperature and strain change data of the surrounding link sections are collected. By using the detailed analysis of the optical time domain reflection signal, it is identified whether there are sharp reflection peaks, scattered abnormal waves or echo baseline drift phenomena at the jump points. If it is detected that the width of the echo peak is less than the set standard value (such as within 50 cm) and the intensity increases abnormally, it is determined that there are micro-cracks, micro-bends or interface detachment phenomena. Combining with the distributed strain data, if the strain value shows an abnormal mutation near the jump point (for example, the strain gradient change exceeds 500 με / m), it is further confirmed that there is a structural abnormality at the jump point. Through the above analysis, the structural abnormality characteristics at each jump point are extracted and classified into specific abnormality categories, such as cracks, micro-bends, loose connections, etc., to form the structural abnormality data of the optical cable operation jump points, including information such as the abnormality category, position, amplitude, etc. The distribution density and distribution intensity of the structural abnormalities of the jump points in each section of the optical cable are statistically analyzed, and combined with the link topology structure, the spatial distribution of the load on the link is analyzed. If it is detected that some link sections are in the area where the jump point abnormalities occur frequently, and the indicators such as the decrease amplitude of the transmission power and the signal distortion rate are much higher than those in the normal area, it is determined that there is an imbalance in the optical cable transmission load in this section of the link. The degree of load imbalance is quantified according to the decrease ratio of the transmission capacity of each section (such as the percentage decrease of the normal power), and a data table of the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation is formed, providing a basis for subsequent performance evaluation.

[0016] Step S4: Evaluate the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation; classify the optical cable operation fault types based on the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance to obtain the optical cable operation fault type data; perform optical cable fault location processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain the optical cable fault location data.

[0017] In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the data of the unbalanced load situation of the optical cable transmission obtained in step S3, the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance is evaluated. The specific operation is as follows: taking the degree of load imbalance of each section of the optical cable as the horizontal axis and the change rate of the normal transmission parameters of the link (attenuation coefficient, signal-to-noise ratio, etc.) as the vertical axis, a time series curve is drawn. For the link section with the degree of load imbalance higher than the set threshold (such as the load drops by more than 20%), track the parameter change speed. If it is found that the deterioration rate continuously exceeds the set standard (such as the monthly attenuation rate exceeds 0.5 dB / km), it is classified as a deterioration trend section. Mark the detected deterioration trends of each section on the topological diagram of the optical cable operation link, and according to the characteristics of the deterioration trends, based on the types of deterioration causes (such as mechanical strain accumulation, temperature fatigue aging, abnormal optical signal attenuation, etc.), the link is classified by fault type. The classification process is based on the corresponding relationship between the deterioration performance characteristics and the known fault mechanisms. For example, the deterioration in the high-temperature section is usually classified as a thermal damage type fault, and the high-strain jump section is classified as a mechanical damage type fault, obtaining the data of the optical cable operation fault types, and listing in detail the fault types, occurrence sections, influence degrees, etc. corresponding to each link section. On this basis, based on the constructed link topological structure, fault location processing is carried out according to the fault types. Through the node-to-node traversal search method, the fault location is accurately mapped to the specific link section and node number, generating the optical cable fault location data, including the fault location, fault category, severity, and the corresponding link section number.

[0018] Preferably, step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: Obtain the operation data of the optical cable communication link; perform data preprocessing on the operation data of the optical cable communication link to obtain the preprocessed operation data of the optical cable communication link; In the embodiment of the present invention, the operation data of the optical cable communication link is collected. These data are collected by monitoring devices deployed in the optical cable network, specifically including key performance indicators such as the transmission bandwidth, optical signal intensity, transmission delay, and bit error rate of the optical cable link. These data will be transmitted through each node in the network and stored in the data acquisition server or distributed database. The collected data is in the form of time series data, representing the performance status of the optical cable communication link at different times. To ensure the quality of the data, data preprocessing operations such as data cleaning, denoising, and outlier processing need to be performed on the collected data to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data. The specific operations of data preprocessing include: removing duplicate data, interpolating missing data, and correcting data with too large errors. After this series of data preprocessing steps, the preprocessed operation data of the optical cable communication link is obtained, which provides a reliable basis for subsequent link analysis.

[0019] Step S12: Collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the preprocessed operation data of the optical cable communication link; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the pre - processed data of the operation of the optical cable communication link, the distribution of the optical cable transmission line is collected. The distribution of the optical cable transmission line includes information such as the layout, length, and intersection position of the optical cable in the geographical space, especially the relative positions of the optical cable with communication facilities, transmission paths, or geographical obstacles. The geographical information system (GIS) technology is used to perform spatial mapping on the optical cable transmission line. Specifically, using the GPS positioning technology and the optical cable line diagram, information such as the position, path, and intersection points of the optical cable are accurately marked and converted into digital geographical information data. The GIS data can include the specific position coordinates of the optical cable, network topology, terrain data, etc. By combining GIS with the optical cable operation data, a detailed optical cable transmission line distribution map is formed, providing a basis for subsequent link analysis and fault location.

[0020] Step S13: Extract the optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the pre - processed data of the optical cable communication link operation; In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the pre - processed data of the operation of the optical cable communication link, the operation transmission link parameters of the optical cable are extracted. These parameters are key indicators describing the performance of the optical cable link, including the attenuation of the optical signal, transmission rate, bit error rate, temperature change of the optical cable, load condition of the optical cable, etc. By analyzing the pre - processed data, the transmission characteristics of each section of the optical cable link are extracted. Specifically, the attenuation parameters related to the optical signal transmission are extracted from the data, which are usually measured by the intensity and signal - to - noise ratio (SNR) of the optical signal. Next, parameters such as the bit error rate (BER) are extracted using transmission quality measurement tools, which are important factors for evaluating the link performance. In addition, temperature change and load data are also extracted, and these parameters affect the stability and transmission efficiency of the optical cable. To more accurately evaluate these parameters, algorithm - based signal processing methods can be used to estimate the state of each section of the optical cable and further analyze it. By extracting these link parameters, the operation status of the optical cable link can be accurately understood, providing a detailed basis for the diagnosis of optical cable faults.

[0021] Step S14: Construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable transmission line distribution and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters.

[0022] In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters obtained in the previous steps, an optical cable operation link topology diagram is constructed. The optical cable link topology diagram represents the structure of the optical cable network and the status information of each link through visualization means. Based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines, information such as the geographical location, path, and intersection points of the optical cable is marked in the topology diagram according to the coordinate system. At this time, a graphical modeling tool is used to segment the path of the optical cable, and mark the start and end points, intersection points, and connection relationships of each segment of the optical cable. Secondly, based on the extracted optical cable transmission link parameters, the performance status of each link is marked, such as attenuation, bit error rate, signal quality, etc. Different colors or forms of lines are used for each link in the topology diagram to represent different operating states. For example, links with better performance are represented by green, while links with poorer performance or anomalies are represented by red. To further enhance the function of the topology diagram, a dynamic update function is also added to each link, and the status of each link in the topology diagram is adjusted according to the changes in real-time data. In this way, the constructed optical cable operation link topology diagram can clearly display the operating status of the entire optical cable network.

[0023] Preferably, step S14 includes the following steps: Step S141: Query the physical location of the optical cable nodes according to the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines, the physical location of the optical cable nodes is queried. Optical cable nodes are usually access points, intersection points, or optical cable terminal devices in the optical cable network. Through these nodes, the connection and distribution of the optical cable links are realized. Using the previously collected optical cable transmission line distribution data and combining with the geographical information system (GIS) data in the optical cable network, the spatial positions of the optical cable paths and nodes are mapped onto the map. By comparing with the optical cable drawings or construction drawings, the specific position of the nodes in the physical space is determined. At this time, a high-precision positioning system, such as GPS positioning technology or laser scanning technology, is used to ensure the accuracy of the obtained node position data. In addition, to enhance the positioning accuracy, combining the known numbers of the optical cable nodes and the identification information of the access devices, the geographical coordinates (such as longitude and latitude) of each node are found. Once the node positions are determined, it can provide the necessary spatial reference for the subsequent evaluation of the optical cable link structure and fault location.

[0024] Step S142: Measure the optical cable transmission link length parameters based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission line and the operating parameters of the optical cable operation transmission link, the length parameter of the optical cable transmission link is measured. To obtain the length data of the optical cable link, it is necessary to calculate the total length of the optical cable link through the path distribution information of the optical cable. The geographical coordinates or start and end point information of each section of the optical cable are extracted from the previous optical cable transmission line distribution data, and the length of each section of the optical cable is calculated based on these coordinate points. In this process, coordinate calculation methods such as the great circle distance calculation formula are used to measure the actual distance of the optical cable path. If the optical cable path is relatively complex, with multiple bends and turns, a more accurate measurement method can also be used, such as the actual measurement of the full length of the optical cable using an optical cable measuring instrument. In addition to geographical coordinates and bending factors, the type of optical cable and transmission parameters (such as attenuation rate, bandwidth capacity, etc.) also affect the effective length of the optical cable link. The length parameter of the optical cable transmission link obtained through measurement provides basic data for further analyzing the performance and fault status of the optical cable link.

[0025] Step S143: Determine the physical connection data of the optical cable link structure according to when the length parameter of the optical cable transmission link exceeds 750m and the physical positions of the optical cable nodes; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to when the length parameter of the optical cable transmission link exceeds 750m and the physical positions of the optical cable nodes, the physical connection data of the optical cable link structure is determined. When the length of the optical cable link exceeds 750 meters, it is usually necessary to use a relay amplifier or a fiber optic enhancement device to ensure the transmission quality of the signal. When the link length exceeds 750 meters, it is necessary to evaluate whether there are these relay amplifiers or connection devices in the link. At this time, according to the physical positions of the optical cable nodes obtained in the previous steps, the key nodes in the link are identified, such as relay stations, distribution points, etc. By analyzing the connection method and signal flow direction between the optical cable nodes, it is determined whether the optical cable link passes through devices such as relay stations, distributors, or amplifiers. By querying the installation records and maintenance logs of the devices, the exact location and function of the devices are confirmed, and then the complete physical connection data of the optical cable link structure is formed. These data not only provide the necessary device layout information for link performance analysis, but also provide a basis for subsequent fault location in case of a fault.

[0026] Step S144: Query the type parameters of the optical cable operation transmission link according to the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the operating transmission link parameters of the optical cable operating transmission link, the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable are queried. The transmission link type of the optical cable determines the types of signals it supports, the transmission rate, and the applicable transmission protocols. According to the transmission parameters of the optical cable link (such as bandwidth, attenuation rate, optical signal intensity, etc.), the type to which the optical cable belongs is queried. These types include single-mode optical fiber, multi-mode optical fiber, etc. Single-mode optical fiber is suitable for long-distance and high-speed data transmission, while multi-mode optical fiber is usually suitable for high-bandwidth transmission within a relatively short distance. By comparing with the standard optical cable type database or obtaining relevant information from the technical documents provided by the supplier, the corresponding transmission type is specified for each optical cable link. The accurate acquisition of such type information helps to evaluate the transmission capacity and stability of the link and provides data support for the subsequent calculation of the attenuation coefficient.

[0027] Step S145: Calculate the attenuation coefficient of the optical cable operating transmission link according to the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable operating transmission link; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable operating transmission link, the attenuation coefficient of the optical cable transmission link is calculated. The attenuation coefficient is a key parameter that measures the signal loss degree when an optical signal propagates in an optical cable. The magnitude of the attenuation coefficient is related to various factors such as the type, length, and environmental factors (such as temperature, humidity) of the optical cable. By referring to the attenuation coefficient standard corresponding to the optical cable type, the typical attenuation value of each type of optical cable under specified conditions is determined. For example, single-mode optical fiber usually has a lower attenuation coefficient, while multi-mode optical fiber is relatively higher. Based on the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable and in combination with the length parameter of the optical cable (measured in the previous steps), the attenuation coefficient of this link is calculated through the attenuation formula. The attenuation coefficient is usually expressed in dB / km, indicating the attenuation degree of the signal per kilometer of the optical cable. Through the calculation of these attenuation coefficients, necessary quantitative data can be provided for the subsequent link performance evaluation, fault analysis, and optimization design.

[0028] Step S146: Evaluate the characteristic data of the optical cable operating transmission link based on the condition that the attenuation coefficient of the optical cable operating transmission link exceeds 0.54 dB and the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable operating transmission link; In an embodiment of the present invention, when the attenuation coefficient of the optical cable transmission link exceeds 0.54 dB, the transmission characteristic data of the optical cable link is evaluated in combination with the transmission link type parameters of the optical cable. If the attenuation coefficient exceeds 0.54 dB, it indicates that the signal attenuation of the optical cable transmission link is relatively serious, which will affect the transmission stability of the optical cable and the data transmission rate. At this time, it is necessary to evaluate the transmission characteristics of the link, such as signal-to-noise ratio, bit error rate, signal waveform, etc., to confirm whether compensation or fault repair is required. During the evaluation process, by comparing and analyzing various performance indicators of the optical cable link, it is found whether there are potential fault hazards in the link, or whether there is an increase in signal attenuation caused by optical cable aging or damage during operation. If the evaluation result shows that the link characteristics exceed the normal range, further measures need to be taken, such as optical cable replacement, signal enhancement, etc.

[0029] Step S147: Construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation transmission link characteristic data and the physical connection data of the optical cable link structure.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present invention, an optical cable operation link topology diagram is constructed according to the optical cable operation transmission link characteristic data and the physical connection data of the link structure. The optical cable operation link topology diagram is a graphical tool that visually displays the optical cable network structure and the status of each link. Based on the optical cable link structure data obtained in the previous steps, including node positions, transmission parameters, attenuation coefficients, etc., the operation status of each link and each connection node is graphically represented to form a topology diagram. By marking the performance parameters of each link (such as signal strength, attenuation value, bit error rate, etc.) in the topology diagram, the health status of the link and potential fault locations are intuitively displayed. This topology diagram is also updated in real time. When the link parameters change, the topology diagram will also reflect the new status, which is convenient for subsequent monitoring, optimization, and fault location.

[0031] Preferably, the determination of the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal in step S2 includes: Collect the operation data of the optical cable communication link within 24 hours for time series analysis to obtain the operation time series data of the optical cable communication link; In an embodiment of the present invention, a high-precision data acquisition system is used to monitor the operation data of the optical cable communication link all day long. The operation data of the optical cable communication link includes, but is not limited to, key parameters such as the signal strength, bit error rate, and transmission rate of the link. This data acquisition system should have the ability of real-time monitoring and be able to accurately capture the transmission status every minute. The collected data will be stored in the form of time series data and provide a data basis for subsequent analysis. The signal change data within 24 hours is collected through a time series recording and synchronization system and stored in a dedicated database for subsequent data analysis. The collected data needs to ensure that the time stamp is synchronized with the link status to ensure the accuracy and integrity of the data.

[0032] Detect the change in the amplitude variation of the timing data of the optical cable communication link operation timing data; In the embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the operation timing data of the optical cable communication link within 24 hours, the analysis of the data amplitude variation is carried out. The amplitude variation analysis tool is used to calculate the amplitude variation of the transmission signal intensity at each moment, and then the amplitude variation of the signal is determined. This process involves filtering the noise interference in the data, using standard filtering algorithms such as mean filtering or median filtering to remove abnormal data points and retain the effective amplitude variation data. The change in the amplitude variation is obtained by calculating the change rate of the signal intensity in each time period, and special attention is paid to those time periods with large amplitude variations or obvious abnormal amplitude variations. These amplitude variation changes provide important clues for subsequent signal analysis.

[0033] Extract the characteristic data of the signal amplitude mutation section based on the change in the amplitude variation of the data timing; In the embodiment of the present invention, after detecting an obvious change in the amplitude variation, the system will automatically identify the signal amplitude mutation section through the detection algorithm. The characteristic data of these mutation sections is extracted by the threshold judgment method, and the threshold setting should be calibrated according to the previous normal operation data. For example, when the signal amplitude change exceeds a certain standard (such as a change amplitude of ±0.5 dB), this section of data will be considered a mutation section. The key to this characteristic extraction process is to accurately determine the critical point of the signal amplitude variation and avoid misidentifying the normal amplitude variation of the signal. The characteristic data of the mutation section includes the time point of the mutation, the mutation amplitude, and the mutation duration, etc.

[0034] Calculate the fluctuation change rate before and after the mutation section according to the characteristic data of the signal amplitude mutation section of the optical cable; In the embodiments of the present invention, after determining the characteristic data of the mutation segment, the fluctuation change rate of the signals before and after the mutation segment is further calculated. The calculation of the fluctuation change rate is realized by the difference method. Specifically, it is to obtain the rate of signal change by calculating the ratio of the difference in signal intensity before and after the mutation segment to the time interval. Before and after the occurrence of the mutation segment, the system needs to monitor and record the signal intensity at each time point. By comparing the signal intensities before and after the occurrence of the mutation segment, the amplitude change of the signal fluctuation is obtained. On this basis, the system calculates the difference in signal intensity before and after the occurrence of the mutation segment and combines it with the corresponding time interval to obtain the fluctuation change rate in each time period. The specific calculation method includes selecting a certain time window before and after the occurrence of the mutation segment, usually by setting a predetermined time period to obtain the specific data points of the signal change before and after the mutation segment. By differentiating the change amount of the signal intensity within the time window before and after the mutation segment, the signal change rate is calculated. To ensure the accuracy of the calculation, special attention needs to be paid to the gradual change degree of the signal change, that is, during the signal intensity fluctuation process before and after the mutation segment, whether there is a gradual fluctuation change or a sudden jump change. Only when the amplitude and rate of the signal change are accurately captured can the mutation degree of the signal be fully reflected. At the same time, this process also needs to ensure the accuracy of the time interval to prevent the influence of calculation deviation on the fluctuation change rate. On this basis, the fluctuation change rate data reflecting the signal mutation degree is generated and used as the quantitative data support for subsequent abnormal trend detection. The calculation of the fluctuation change rate not only provides a quantitative basis for abnormal signal detection but also helps the system identify the abnormal trend of signal fluctuation.

[0035] Based on the fact that the fluctuation change rate before and after the mutation segment exceeds ±0.03 dB / min, the trend of signal continuity disturbance in the communication link is detected; In the embodiments of the present invention, when the fluctuation change rate of the mutation segment exceeds a predetermined threshold (such as ±0.03 dB / min), it is considered that there is an abnormal fluctuation in the signal transmission link. At this time, the system will trigger the detection of the signal continuity disturbance trend. At this stage, the system performs smoothing processing on the signal change and continuity analysis through a time series analysis algorithm. The specific analysis method uses methods such as moving average or exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) to filter the fluctuation data at each moment, gradually eliminating the influence of short-term fluctuations and extracting the long-term trend of the optical cable signal. If the disturbance trend of the signal continues to increase or shows a negative growth trend, it is an omen of a potential fault in the optical cable communication link.

[0036] Evaluate the density data of local abnormal points of the optical cable according to the trend of signal continuity disturbance in the communication link; In the embodiments of the present invention, by deeply analyzing the continuity disturbance trend of communication link signals, the density data of local abnormal points is further deduced. Specifically, in this process, the data points of signal transmission need to be partitioned at certain time intervals, usually set according to the time granularity of signal acquisition, to ensure that the signal fluctuations in each time period can be accurately captured. Next, the system analyzes the signal fluctuations in each time interval, focusing on the abnormal fluctuations of the signals, such as sudden changes in amplitude or continuous fluctuation trends. The system detects the frequency and degree of abnormal fluctuations by comparing the deviation of these data points from the normal signal range, and evaluates the density of abnormal fluctuations in each area. The density data of these abnormal points not only reflects the abnormal degree of signal fluctuations, but also provides crucial clues for subsequent fault location. Especially in the initial stage of a fault, the signal fluctuations often show frequent abnormal fluctuations in local areas, and the density of abnormal points in these areas usually reaches a relatively high value. Based on these data, the system can identify the areas with frequent abnormal fluctuations and regard these areas as the key areas for fault troubleshooting. When locating a fault, the areas with higher density are particularly valuable as a reference because they usually mean that there are greater potential faults in the optical cable links in these areas. By combining the density data of abnormal points with the signal analysis results, the specific location and time of the fault occurrence can be determined more precisely.

[0037] Based on the density data of local abnormal points of the optical cable and the continuity disturbance trend of communication link signals, the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal is determined.

[0038] In the embodiments of the present invention, by combining the density data of local abnormal points of the optical cable with the continuous disturbance trend of the communication link signal, the system comprehensively analyzes these two items of data to accurately determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal. The specific operation process includes comparing the density of local abnormal points of the optical cable with the temporal change trend of the signal fluctuation of the optical cable, so as to discover the abnormal fluctuation law of the signal. The key to this process is to determine the density data of local abnormal points, which reflects the frequency and distribution of abnormal signal fluctuations in the optical cable link during a certain period. When a certain area of the optical cable has frequent and high-level abnormal fluctuations within a certain period of time, its abnormal density will reach a significant value, indicating that there are potential faults in this area. At the same time, the continuous disturbance trend of the communication link signal is obtained through temporal analysis, reflecting whether the signal fluctuation is persistent and the change of the fluctuation amplitude. By combining these two types of data, it is possible to find the time periods when abnormal points are concentrated and further observe the trend characteristics of signal fluctuations within these time periods. If there is an obvious corresponding relationship between the change of the density of local abnormal points and the signal fluctuation trend, it indicates that the probability of a fault occurring in this part of the optical cable link is relatively high, and the fault is in the initial stage of development. Based on the comprehensive analysis of these data, a complete fault warning path is obtained. This path can not only help identify the specific time period when a fault occurs in the optical cable link, but also further predict the specific location of the fault through the deduction of the fluctuation trend. The formation process of this path depends on accurate temporal data analysis, combining the signal state at each time node with the frequency of local abnormal points, and identifying the law of fault warning through algorithms.

[0039] Preferably, the determination of the gradient distribution data of link abnormal transitions in step S2 includes: Extracting the optical cable abnormal mutation time node data based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal; In the embodiments of the present invention, the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal is obtained through the real-time monitoring and analysis of the optical cable communication link. These data include signal quality parameters such as the power, signal-to-noise ratio, and bit error rate of the transmission signal. On this basis, using the characteristics of abnormal fluctuations in the signal data (such as a sudden drop in power, a sharp increase in the bit error rate, etc.), the signal mutation detection algorithm (such as the change point detection algorithm) is applied to extract the abnormal mutation time node data. These mutation time node data refer to the key moments that occur in the optical cable communication link, marking the time points when the signal quality undergoes major changes. The accurate extraction of these time nodes provides a basis for subsequent analysis.

[0040] Performing time node-link segment mapping processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram according to the optical cable abnormal mutation time node data to obtain time node-link segment mapping data; In the embodiments of the present invention, once the time node data of the abnormal mutation of the optical cable is extracted, these time nodes will be mapped to the topological diagram of the optical cable operation link next. The topological diagram of the optical cable operation link includes each node, link section and the connection relationship between links of the optical cable transmission line. Through the mapping process, each abnormal mutation time node is associated with the specific link section or device node in the optical cable link diagram. This mapping process is realized through the graph database and the time series data storage method, ensuring that each time node can accurately correspond to a specific part in the link, and obtaining the time node-link section mapping data.

[0041] Detect the change characteristics of the transmission delay offset of the optical cable link based on the time node-link section mapping data; In the embodiments of the present invention, after obtaining the time node-link section mapping data, the delay offset detection is performed based on these data. The delay offset refers to the change in delay experienced by the signal during transmission. In the optical cable link, the change in delay reflects the change in the link state, such as signal attenuation or link failure. By analyzing the delay difference of each time node in the link section, the mutation point of the delay is detected, so as to obtain the change characteristics of the transmission delay offset of the link. These change characteristics are displayed through the delay difference spectrum diagram to help identify potential abnormalities existing in the optical cable link.

[0042] Perform local path signal attenuation gradient analysis according to the change characteristics of the transmission delay offset of the optical cable link and the topological diagram of the optical cable operation link, and obtain the local path signal attenuation gradient data of the optical cable; In the embodiments of the present invention, by combining the detected characteristics of the transmission delay offset change of the optical cable link with the topology diagram of the optical cable operating link, a detailed analysis of the signal attenuation gradient of the local path in the optical cable link is realized. The characteristics of the transmission delay offset change reflect the deviation of the signal from the expected transmission time during the transmission process. These offsets are often related to factors such as physical damage, impedance change, or environmental interference in certain specific areas of the optical cable link. By deeply analyzing the delay offset data and combining it with the topology diagram of the optical cable operating link, the specific location of the delay change is accurately matched with the actual path in the optical cable link, so as to identify which sections of the signal have attenuated during the transmission process. The attenuation of the optical cable signal refers to the gradual weakening of the signal intensity due to factors such as the resistance of the line, absorption of materials, bending, or damage during the transmission process. The delay offset data is usually closely related to the degree of signal attenuation. When the signal experiences a large attenuation, the transmission delay often undergoes an obvious offset. By analyzing the change of the delay offset, it can provide a key basis for identifying the area of signal attenuation. By combining the topology diagram of the optical cable operating link, the specific physical location, transmission characteristics, and attenuation situation of each section of the link are further clarified. The local path signal attenuation gradient is an important indicator for measuring the attenuation rate of the optical cable signal intensity, which characterizes the speed of signal intensity attenuation during the optical cable transmission process. By accurately analyzing the attenuation gradient of the optical cable signal, the specific attenuation value of each section of the path is obtained, and the areas with severe attenuation are further identified. The areas with a large attenuation gradient usually indicate that the signal has a large loss when passing through these areas, which is caused by reasons such as aging, damage, poor joints of the optical cable line, or external interference. The combination of the delay offset data and the optical cable link topology diagram plays a crucial role. By corresponding the delay offset data with the actual positions of each link section in the topology diagram, the specific areas where obvious signal attenuation occurs are accurately identified.

[0043] Based on the optical cable local path signal attenuation gradient data, the abnormal situation of multi-band synchronization consistency of the optical cable is carried out; In the embodiments of the present invention, the multi-band synchronization consistency analysis is based on the synchronization status of signals with different frequencies in optical cable transmission, aiming to evaluate whether the time synchronization and attenuation characteristics between signals of different frequency bands are consistent. Since an optical cable communication system usually transmits signals of multiple frequency bands simultaneously, ensuring that these frequency band signals can be transmitted synchronously and their attenuation characteristics remain consistent is a key factor in ensuring communication quality and link stability. Signals of different frequency bands will experience different attenuation processes during transmission, and this difference usually stems from reasons such as different transmission characteristics of physical lines, external environmental factors, and equipment performance differences. If there are deviations in the synchronization process of these signals, it will lead to time misalignment of signals or inconsistent attenuation rates, thereby affecting the transmission quality of the entire optical cable link. Based on the analysis of the signal attenuation gradient of the local path of the optical cable, the synchronization check of signals in each frequency band is carried out, and the attenuation characteristics of signals in different frequency bands during transmission are analyzed in detail. This includes changes in signal strength, changes in transmission delay, and fluctuations in attenuation gradient. Through precise measurement and data processing, the attenuation curve and delay characteristics of signals in each frequency band are obtained and compared with the frequency band signals. This step aims to determine whether the signals in each frequency band maintain synchronous attenuation and ensure that they experience similar attenuation patterns under the same transmission conditions. If obvious synchronization problems are detected between multi-band signals, that is, the attenuation gradients of different frequency bands are asynchronous, or the signal attenuation of some frequency bands shows abnormal offsets, it indicates that there is an abnormality in the synchronization consistency of the optical cable link. This kind of abnormality is usually caused by physical damage in certain links during signal transmission, non-uniformity of the transmission line, changes in environmental factors, etc. For example, factors such as bending of optical fibers, damage to optical cables, or aging of connection points will have different effects on the signal transmission of different frequency bands, resulting in inconsistent signal attenuation rates and causing phase differences in signals. The inconsistency of multi-band signals will seriously affect the overall performance of the link, resulting in problems such as data transmission errors, signal interference, or communication delays, and in severe cases, it will even cause communication interruption. When an abnormality in the synchronization consistency of multi-band signals is detected, it is usually necessary to conduct further fault troubleshooting and analysis to locate the specific abnormal section or fault point. By further analyzing the changes in the attenuation gradients of each frequency band, the specific frequency band with the abnormality and the corresponding part of the optical cable link are determined, so as to provide accurate information for subsequent maintenance and fault recovery. In the process of maintaining and optimizing the optical cable link, timely identification and resolution of synchronization consistency abnormality problems can not only improve the transmission quality of signals, but also enhance the stability and reliability of the entire optical cable system.

[0044] Determine the parameters of the section with a sharp change in signal attenuation based on the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable and the abnormal condition of the multi-band synchronization consistency of the optical cable; In the embodiments of the present invention, after performing signal attenuation gradient analysis and multi-band synchronization consistency anomaly detection, according to the attenuation gradient data and the synchronization consistency anomaly situation, the paragraphs with sharp changes in signal attenuation are further determined. These paragraphs usually show sharp changes or abnormal fluctuations in signal attenuation, which are usually caused by local faults, damages or factors in the optical cable. The purpose of signal attenuation gradient analysis is to evaluate the attenuation change rate of the optical cable signal during transmission, while multi-band synchronization consistency anomaly detection helps to discover the synchronization inconsistency between signals in different frequency bands. By comprehensively analyzing these two types of data, the paragraphs with abnormal changes in the optical cable link can be more accurately identified. Specifically, the paragraphs with sharp changes in signal attenuation often show sudden changes in the attenuation speed or large amplitudes of fluctuations, resulting in a significant decrease in signal quality. Such sharp changes are caused by factors such as local faults, damages, aging, and external force influences in some parts of the optical cable link. These factors will disrupt the stability of signal transmission, manifested as an excessive attenuation change rate or a sudden decrease in signal quality. Through attenuation gradient analysis and multi-band synchronization consistency anomaly detection, these abnormal paragraphs can be effectively identified. After marking these sharp change paragraphs in the optical cable link diagram, the specific location and scope of the fault or anomaly area can be intuitively displayed. This marking process is achieved by detailed analysis of each transmission section of the optical cable link, corresponding the attenuation change or synchronization anomaly points to the specific positions in the link topology diagram. In this way, the optical cable paragraph with anomalies can be quickly located, and the overall abnormal distribution of the entire optical cable system can be grasped macroscopically. These marked sharp change paragraphs not only help to locate potential fault sources, but also provide data support for subsequent optical cable maintenance and fault troubleshooting. By further analyzing the signal attenuation characteristics of these sharp change paragraphs, technicians or automated systems can more deeply explore the reasons behind these anomalies. For example, by calculating the attenuation rate and amplitude, the degree of signal change can be determined, thereby analyzing the type of fault.

[0045] Determine the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data based on the parameters of the paragraphs with sharp changes in signal attenuation and the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable.

[0046] In the embodiments of the present invention, by combining the parameters of the rapidly changing signal attenuation section with the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable, the distribution data of the abnormal transition gradient of the link is measured. This process requires obtaining the parameters of the rapidly changing signal attenuation section, which are usually obtained by precisely measuring and analyzing the attenuation of the optical cable transmission signal. In optical cable communication, the attenuation of the signal during transmission is a gradual process. However, when an abnormal fault or factor in a certain part of the optical cable link causes a significant fluctuation in signal transmission, the change in attenuation usually shows a sudden and rapid change. For these rapidly changing sections, relevant parameter information such as the change rate, change amplitude, and change frequency needs to be extracted for subsequent abnormal analysis. At the same time, the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable provides the change trend of signal attenuation within each optical cable section, and these data reflect the attenuation characteristics of different paths. By comprehensively analyzing these data, the attenuation gradient of the signal on certain paths can be more precisely identified, further revealing the weaknesses or abnormal points in the link. The combination of these local path signal attenuation gradient data and the parameters of the rapidly changing section helps to accurately analyze the transmission characteristics of the optical cable link, especially to locate the occurrence positions of those abnormal transitions. The abnormal transition gradient of the link refers to the degree of drastic change in signal attenuation, time delay change, or characteristics, which usually occurs at the moment when the signal quality undergoes a sudden change. These transition points are usually caused by faults, damages, or sudden situations in the link. Calculating the abnormal transition gradient of each section of the optical cable link requires multiple factors such as the change amplitude of signal attenuation and the change rate of time delay. Through statistics and analysis, the transition gradient data of each section in the optical cable link is obtained. Specifically, the measurement process includes continuously monitoring each moment during the signal transmission process, recording the change trend of the signal, and calculating the transition gradient of each section of the optical cable link based on these changes. By comparing the transition gradients of each section of the link, it is determined which sections have abnormal fluctuations or attenuations, thereby effectively screening out the areas where faults are most likely to occur. Based on the calculated abnormal transition gradients of each section of the optical cable link, the distribution data of the abnormal transition gradient of the link is generated. These distribution data are obtained by comprehensively evaluating and statistically analyzing the transition gradients of different link sections. By visualizing these data, the abnormal transition degrees of each section in the link are clearly displayed.

[0047] Preferably, the abnormal state detection of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point in step S2 includes: Performing positioning processing on the abnormal jump point of the optical cable according to the distribution data of the abnormal transition gradient of the link to obtain the positioning data of the abnormal jump point of the optical cable; In the embodiments of the present invention, the abnormal jump points of the optical cable are located according to the gradient distribution data of the abnormal link transition. Specifically, during implementation, the signal delay and amplitude change data in the optical cable link are collected through high-precision sensors or data acquisition systems. This data forms the gradient distribution data of the abnormal link transition by monitoring the performance fluctuations of the optical cable link within a certain period of time. By comparing factors such as the rate, amplitude, and fluctuation characteristics of the signal changes, these data can identify the points with abnormal changes in the link and accurately locate these abnormal jump points. By recording the instantaneous changes or mutation points that occur on the optical cable link in detail, the positioning data of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable is obtained. The collection and analysis of the data are completed by the cooperation of professional hardware devices and analysis software to ensure the accuracy and real-time nature of the data.

[0048] Evaluate the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link according to the positioning data of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable; In the embodiments of the present invention, the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link is evaluated by using the positioning data of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable. During this process, in combination with the calibrated jump points of the optical cable, the changes in the link performance near these jump points are further analyzed. By using the positioning data and time series data, in combination with historical operation data and performance threshold standards, the degradation trend of the optical cable link is analyzed. By comparing the performance data before and after the jump points, the severity of the performance problems that occur at these jump points of the optical cable link is judged, and in combination with the actual usage situation, the degradation process of the optical cable link is predicted. By using the point-by-point analysis technique, in combination with advanced data processing tools (such as data smoothing, trend fitting, etc.), the degradation risk that will occur in the optical cable link in the future can be accurately evaluated.

[0049] Collect the operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable by using the positioning data of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable and the topology diagram of the optical cable operating link; In the embodiments of the present invention, the operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable are collected by using the positioning data of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable and the topology diagram of the optical cable operating link. The topology diagram of the optical cable link can clearly show the physical positions and connection relationships of each optical cable. By combining the topology diagram and the specific positioning information of the jump points, the environmental acquisition system records environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and electromagnetic interference intensity around the abnormal jump points. The collected environmental data provides key indicators for the influence of external factors on the optical cable link during actual operation. Further analyzing the relationship between these environmental characteristics and the optical cable performance provides accurate data support for subsequent fault diagnosis. By performing multi-dimensional analysis on the environmental data and jump point data, the environmental factors that cause abnormal link performance can be identified and provide important basis for subsequent analysis.

[0050] Evaluate the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation according to the operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable for the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump points of the optical cable, the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link is further evaluated, and the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation is obtained. Specifically, when implementing, by analyzing the performance of the optical cable link under different environmental conditions, the influence of external factors (such as temperature change, electromagnetic interference, etc.) on the performance of the optical cable link can be quantified. Through the matching of environmental data and performance data, the value of the external interference intensity can be calculated. These interference intensity data provide an intuitive index for evaluating the external factors of the optical cable link degradation. By collecting and analyzing these data near each jump point, the intensity of the external interference received by each abnormal jump point and the influence degree of this interference on the link performance can be obtained. This process is mainly realized through environmental monitoring equipment and data analysis tools to ensure that the influence of external interference can be accurately captured and quantified.

[0051] Based on the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation, the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link is corrected for the optical cable operating environment to obtain the optical cable operating environment correction data; In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation, the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link is corrected for the optical cable operating environment. Specifically, when implementing, the external interference intensity data is combined with the performance degradation trend of the optical cable, and the performance data of the optical cable link is corrected and calibrated through an algorithm. This calibration process eliminates or adjusts the influence of external interference factors to ensure that the evaluation result of the degradation trend is more accurate. Through the quantitative evaluation of the interference intensity and combining with the historical performance data of the optical cable link, the evaluation model of the performance degradation trend can be adjusted to ensure that the influence of environmental factors can be effectively eliminated. The calibration data is generated through advanced data fitting techniques and statistical analysis methods, which can eliminate the errors caused by environmental interference and make the subsequent fault analysis more accurate.

[0052] Based on the optical cable operating environment correction data, the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable is detected for the optical cable abnormal jump point positioning data.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the corrected optical cable operating environment data and combined with the optical cable abnormal jump point positioning data, the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable is detected. In this step, the corrected data is used to monitor the optical cable link in real time to detect whether there are new abnormal jump points in the optical cable link. Through real-time data analysis, the state change of the jump point is monitored to further judge the dynamic operation state of the optical cable link. By combining the corrected data with the jump point positioning data, the abnormal state is detected to ensure that new faults or potential problems can be found in time. This process is coordinated by a dynamic data monitoring system and a fault diagnosis algorithm to realize the continuous tracking and real-time detection of the optical cable link, ensure the accurate analysis of the dynamic state of each jump point, and provide rapid feedback for subsequent fault location.

[0054] Preferably, step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: Detect the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point; In the embodiment of the present invention, by further analyzing the optical cable abnormal jump point positioning data obtained in the previous step S2, the structural abnormality in the optical cable link is identified. This process relies on the optical cable dynamic operation monitoring system, and the collected data includes the amplitude, time delay, frequency, etc. of the optical cable transmission signal. Combining with the time series data of the link jump point, the abnormal state is detected. In implementation, the abnormal jump points that occur during the real-time operation of the optical cable are obtained. These jump points reflect different degrees of deformation or damage to the optical cable structure. The system calculates the abnormal jump point data of the optical cable operation to generate the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure. By comparing these abnormal data with the historical reference data, the abnormal structure state of the optical cable link can be clearly calibrated. The tools used include high-precision optical signal monitoring sensors and real-time data processing algorithms, thereby realizing the real-time diagnosis of each jump point and accurately obtaining the structural abnormal data.

[0055] Step S32: Measure the bending and compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure according to the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure; In the embodiment of the present invention, once the abnormal data of the jump point structure in the optical cable link is located, the next task is to measure the bending and compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure. Using the abnormal data of the optical cable structure and the physical structure model of the optical cable, the bending degree and compression condition of the optical cable are measured through a sensor array. This process involves arranging sensors at different positions of the optical cable, and quantifying the bending and compression degree of the optical cable through the feedback of displacement and stress changes. Usually, devices such as strain gauges and fiber optic sensors are used to accurately monitor in real time at the key nodes of the optical cable. By comparing the deviation between the actual measurement value and the design standard, the bending and compression degree of the optical cable can be clarified, and the deformation degree of the optical cable structure can be further evaluated. The obtained bending and compression data will provide key parameters for subsequent stress analysis and aging assessment.

[0056] Step S33: Identify the growth trend of the internal stress in the optical cable transmission structure based on the bending and compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, in combination with the bending and compression data of the optical cable, the growth trend of the internal stress of the optical cable transmission structure is analyzed. When the optical cable structure is subjected to external forces, its bending and compression degrees directly affect the distribution of the internal stress. Based on the bending and compression degree data, the stress analysis method is used to estimate the change trend of the internal stress of the optical cable transmission structure. In this process, the internal stress of the optical cable is simulated and calculated by means of the stress calculation formula and the finite element analysis (FEA) technology. During the implementation process, the bending and compression degree data of the optical cable under different load states are collected, and then the internal stress distribution of the optical cable is dynamically calculated through a mathematical model to identify the areas where the internal stress of the optical cable increases. The trend of stress growth is obtained through the combination of step-by-step pressure test data analysis, historical data comparison, and real-time monitoring data. The core tools of this analysis process include structural analysis software, stress-strain sensors, data analysis platforms, etc.

[0057] Step S34: Determine the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the growth trend of the internal stress of the optical cable transmission structure and the bending and compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, once the growth trend of the internal stress of the optical cable and the bending and compression degree are determined, the next step is to evaluate the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material. The aging of the material often manifests as changes in the elastic modulus, a decrease in the pressure resistance ability, and a decline in the structural stability. In this step, by analyzing the structural stress data of the optical cable and combining the bending and compression degree, the aging trend of the optical cable material is estimated. Using the aging model of the optical cable structure material and combining the actual stress distribution and bending degree, the aging rate of the optical cable material is calculated. Then, material testing tools (such as tensile testing machines, compression testing machines, etc.) are used to conduct an accelerated aging test on the sample optical cable to obtain the aging parameters of the optical cable at different ages. By comparing the actual aging data with the theoretical model, the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material is obtained, and the service life of the optical cable is further judged.

[0058] Step S35: Detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the growth trend of the internal stress of the optical cable transmission structure and the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; In the embodiments of the present invention, data on the growth trend of internal stress and the severity of material aging in the optical cable transmission structure are transmitted, and whether contact failure occurs at the optical cable connection point is analyzed. The optical cable transmission connection points, especially the joints and branch points, are areas in the optical cable system that are vulnerable to stress. As the internal stress in the optical cable transmission structure increases and the material ages, problems will occur in the contact quality of the connection points, resulting in a decline in the performance of the optical cable. In implementation, according to the internal stress data of the optical cable, the maximum stress borne by the connection point is determined, and the fatigue life of the connection point is evaluated in combination with the aging degree of the optical cable. A dedicated connection point monitoring device (such as a current sensor, a voltage sensor, or an optical sensor) is used to monitor the state of the connection point in real time to ensure that its contact does not fail. For the connection points that have experienced contact failure, the failure location can be quickly located and the degree of failure can be evaluated for rapid repair or replacement.

[0059] Step S36: Determine the uneven load condition of the optical cable transmission according to the contact failure condition of the optical cable transmission connection point.

[0060] In the embodiments of the present invention, the uneven load condition of the optical cable system is further analyzed by using the contact failure data of the optical cable transmission connection point. When contact failure occurs at the optical cable connection point, it often leads to an increase in the load in a local area, forming an uneven transmission load. This uneven state will accelerate the aging and damage of the optical cable and needs to be detected. In specific implementation, through the stress analysis of the failure location of the connection point, the load conditions of each area are determined, and combined with the bending and compression data obtained in the previous steps, a load distribution map of the optical cable system is drawn. This load distribution map can intuitively show the areas with uneven load in the optical cable link. Through data analysis, combined with the topological structure of the optical cable system, the source of the uneven load is located, and then the load distribution is optimized to ensure the stability and reliability of the operation of the optical cable system.

[0061] Particularly importantly, step S34 includes the following steps: Step S341: Predict the internal stress concentration trend in the optical cable structure according to the growth trend of the internal stress in the optical cable transmission structure and the bending and compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to obtain the current stress data of the optical cable transmission structure, including parameters such as the load condition of the optical cable, temperature change, bending compression condition, etc. These data are monitored in real time by using stress sensors and fiber optic sensors. The stress sensors of the optical cable can accurately detect different types of stresses such as tension, compression or torsion suffered by the optical cable during operation, and infer the trend of stress growth inside the optical cable based on these data. By analyzing the degree of bending compression of the optical cable and combining with the stress distribution of the transmission structure, the concentration trend of stress in the optical cable structure is predicted. For example, when the optical cable is bent or under excessive pressure, stress concentration will occur in some areas, resulting in material fatigue or damage in local areas. It is necessary to model the stress concentration trend and evaluate the stress levels in different areas to determine the location of the fault. Use finite element analysis tools to simulate the structure of the optical cable to help predict the stress concentration of each part of the optical cable under different working conditions.

[0062] Step S342: Detect the overload degree of the optical cable structure according to the stress concentration trend in the optical cable structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the stress concentration trend in the optical cable transmission structure, it is detected whether the optical cable has exceeded its designed load-bearing capacity. Through the stress prediction in the previous step, the stress values of each part of the optical cable in the working state are evaluated and compared with the rated load-bearing capacity of the optical cable. The design standards and material strength of the optical cable are preset, and these standards need to be used to judge whether the optical cable is overloaded under the current working load. The stress data of the optical cable are collected through the real-time monitoring system and compared with the stress resistance limit of the optical cable. By calculating the stress values at different positions and comparing them with the set safety factor, it is identified which areas have exceeded the load-bearing limit. These overloaded areas are usually potential hot spots for damage or faults in the optical cable. This process is completed with the help of stress sensors and data analysis software, and the software will automatically process the stress data and judge whether it is overloaded according to the preset threshold.

[0063] Step S343: Predict the growth of microcracks in the optical cable based on the overload degree of the optical cable structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, after detecting that the optical cable structure is overloaded, it is next necessary to evaluate the impact of this overloaded state on the growth of microcracks in the optical cable. When the optical cable is overloaded, stress concentration will occur and microcracks will be generated, and these microcracks will continue to expand over time. To predict the growth of microcracks, the generation and expansion of microcracks are simulated based on the material properties of the optical cable and the current overloaded state. Based on the degree of overloading of the optical cable, a crack growth model is used to estimate the growth rate of microcracks. This model is usually based on the fatigue properties of the material and the stress intensity factor, and predicts the expansion behavior of microcracks under different stress conditions. The stress data and temperature data obtained by real-time monitoring can also be used as inputs, and combined with physical experimental data to adjust the crack growth model. Through multiple simulations and experimental calibrations, a more accurate prediction of microcrack growth can be obtained.

[0064] Step S344: Predict the damage expansion of the optical cable structure according to the growth of microcracks in the optical cable and the degree of overloading of the optical cable structure; In the embodiments of the present invention, once microcracks are generated and start to grow, they will continue to expand and cause more extensive structural damage. After obtaining the prediction of microcrack growth, the next step is to predict the damage expansion of the overall optical cable structure through a model. Damage expansion is usually a process closely related to microcrack growth. Microcracks will continuously expand and merge with the cracks, resulting in a significant reduction in the material strength of the local area. By analyzing the stress concentration areas of each part of the optical cable and combining the growth of microcracks, the principle of damage mechanics is used to predict the damage expansion of the overall structure. Based on the aforementioned overloading data and microcrack growth trend, combined with mechanical simulation and experimental data, the propagation path of damage in the optical cable can be simulated. A finite element analysis tool is used to perform numerical simulation on the optical cable structure to identify the direction and scope of damage expansion, so as to effectively predict the overall structural damage of the optical cable.

[0065] Step S345: Determine the severity of material aging of the optical cable transmission structure based on the damage expansion of the optical cable structure and the growth of microcracks in the optical cable.

[0066] In the embodiments of the present invention, based on the prediction of the damage expansion of the optical cable structure and combined with the growth of microcracks, the degree of material aging of the optical cable transmission structure is determined. Material aging usually manifests as a decrease in strength and toughness. Long-term stress loads and crack propagation will accelerate the material aging process, and a damage expansion model is required to quantify the degree of material aging of the optical cable. It is necessary to infer the fatigue degree of the material based on the monitoring data of the damage expansion and the growth of microcracks. According to the aging model, the remaining life of the optical cable material and its aging rate under different load conditions are calculated. By combining the use of optical fiber sensors and stress sensors, the physical state and performance of the optical cable are monitored in real time, and the degree of material aging of the optical cable is deduced based on these data. In this process, factors such as the yield strength, fatigue limit, and microcrack propagation rate of the material will be taken into account to accurately determine the aging condition of the material.

[0067] Particularly importantly, step S36 includes the following steps: Step S361: Predict the signal transmission path transfer situation according to the contact failure situation of the optical cable transmission connection point; In the embodiments of the present invention, by monitoring the state of the optical cable connection point in real time, especially the contact failure situation of the connection point. Contact failure generally manifests as a decrease in the signal transmission quality at the connection point, which will cause signal attenuation or complete loss of transmission function. To detect these contact failures, optical fiber sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, voltage sensors, etc. are used to obtain the state information of the optical cable connection point in real time. The transmission signal quality data of each connection point during the optical cable transmission process are collected. When a contact failure occurs at the optical cable connection point, the transmission efficiency of the signal will change, resulting in an offset or transfer of the signal path. The real-time data of the signal strength and the information such as the current, voltage, and temperature of the connection point are obtained through each node in the optical fiber network, and the health status of the connection point is determined in combination with the communication protocol. Based on these real-time monitoring data, the influence after the contact failure occurs is analyzed through a specific algorithm to predict how the signal transmission path will transfer. The transfer of the transmission path is usually due to the signal automatically finding a path after the connection point fails, resulting in a change in the load distribution of the optical cable, thereby affecting the signal transmission quality and the stability of the network. On this basis, the propagation path of the signal in the optical cable network is further predicted to identify the signal failure area or the trend of path transfer.

[0068] Step S362: Detect the central tendency of the optical cable transmission signal according to the signal transmission path transfer situation; In the embodiment of the present invention, after predicting the transfer of the optical cable signal transmission path in step S361, the next step is to detect the central tendency of the optical cable transmission signal according to the situation of the signal transmission path transfer. The central tendency of the signal usually manifests as the signal being overly concentrated on certain paths, resulting in an increase in the load in local areas, thereby affecting the transmission performance of the entire optical cable system. By using the node information and data traffic distribution of the optical fiber network, the distribution of signals in the optical cable network is analyzed through a real-time monitoring system. Information such as the collected signal strength, signal quality, data packet traffic, and signal path can be used as data inputs. Combining with the network topology structure, network analysis algorithms are used to calculate the concentration degree of the signal in the optical cable. For example, by calculating the signal traffic passing through a certain section of the optical cable path, the load situation on this path is evaluated. The central tendency identifies which paths are in an overloaded state by comparing the signal strength differences of each path. By analyzing the transmission state of the signal using historical data, the rules and change trends of the signal distribution are found, so as to predict the central tendency of the signal in a future period of time. This process combines data visualization tools to present the signal distribution in the form of charts, helping to monitor the signal changes in real time, detect abnormalities in a timely manner, and give early warnings.

[0069] Step S363: Determine the overload situation of the optical cable transmission bandwidth based on the central tendency of the optical cable transmission signal and the situation of the signal transmission path transfer; In the embodiment of the present invention, when the central tendency of the signal is obtained in step S362, the next task is to determine the overload situation of the optical cable transmission bandwidth based on the central tendency of the signal and the situation of the signal path transfer. The bandwidth overload of the optical cable is usually caused by the signal transmission volume on one or more paths exceeding the bearing capacity of the optical cable, resulting in a decline in network performance or even a failure. According to the transfer situation of the signal transmission path, calculate the bandwidth usage of each path. When the signal transmission path transfers, a path that originally did not carry too much traffic suddenly faces a greater load. Based on this, it is necessary to collect and analyze the data transmission volume on each path and calculate the bandwidth utilization rate of each path. If the bandwidth utilization rate of certain paths exceeds the design capacity of the optical cable, it indicates that these paths have already had a bandwidth overload situation. In the specific operation process, bandwidth monitoring tools and network traffic analyzers are used to collect the bandwidth usage of each node and path in real time. These devices can provide accurate bandwidth occupancy data to help identify which paths or nodes have a bandwidth load exceeding the maximum bearing capacity designed for the optical cable. Through this data, further evaluate whether the optical cable is in a bandwidth overload state and judge the network performance bottleneck.

[0070] Step S364: Analyze the bandwidth bottleneck situation of the optical cable transmission according to the overload situation of the optical cable transmission bandwidth; In the embodiment of the present invention, after detecting that the optical cable transmission bandwidth is overloaded in step S363, it is necessary to further analyze the bandwidth bottleneck situation in the optical cable transmission. The bandwidth bottleneck usually refers to a specific area or node where the bandwidth cannot meet the demand due to excessive data traffic, thus affecting the performance of the entire network. According to the situation of bandwidth overload, traffic analysis tools and network topology maps are used to identify the bottleneck area. By analyzing the bandwidth utilization rate and delay of each path with these tools, the nodes or paths where the traffic bottleneck is located can be identified. If the bandwidth of a certain optical cable path is overloaded and cannot be expanded, or the bandwidth of some intermediate nodes cannot bear the transmission requirements, it can be regarded as a bandwidth bottleneck. A network performance optimization tool is used to simulate the bottleneck area to further confirm the specific location and reason of the bandwidth bottleneck. For example, by adjusting the load distribution of the optical cable path or increasing bandwidth resources at the bottleneck, the optimization potential of the optical cable network in the case of a bandwidth bottleneck can be analyzed.

[0071] Step S365: Determine the unbalanced load situation of the optical cable transmission based on the bandwidth bottleneck situation of the optical cable transmission.

[0072] In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the bandwidth bottleneck situation, the unbalanced load situation of the optical cable transmission is determined. The unbalanced load is usually due to the signal carrying capacity of some paths or nodes exceeding the design limit, resulting in too high a load in some areas while other areas are idle. Combining the analysis results of the bandwidth bottleneck, calculate the load distribution of each path and node of the optical cable. By comparing the signal transmission volumes of each path and node, it can be judged which parts have a high load and which parts have a low load. Usually, the unbalanced load situation occurs when the data traffic carried by some paths or nodes is too large, resulting in a decline in the network performance of these parts, while other paths and nodes are in a relatively idle state. By analyzing the unbalanced load situation of the optical cable, further load balancing measures are taken, such as optimizing the load distribution of the optical cable network, reasonably scheduling the signal traffic, or balancing the load of different paths by increasing bandwidth resources, so as to improve the stability and efficiency of the optical cable network and avoid signal transmission delay and faults caused by unbalanced load.

[0073] Preferably, step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: Evaluate the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the unbalanced load situation of the optical cable transmission; In the embodiments of the present invention, it is necessary to analyze in detail the unbalanced transmission load of the optical cable. The unbalanced transmission load of the optical cable will cause the transmission performance in some areas to decline, affecting the overall operation efficiency of the optical cable. To evaluate the deterioration trend of the operation performance of the optical cable, by collecting and analyzing the load data of each node and connection point of the optical cable system, and combining with the operation historical data of the optical cable system, the unbalanced load areas are identified. These data are obtained through dedicated load monitoring sensors, which collect information such as traffic, transmission delay, and bandwidth utilization in real time during the optical cable transmission process. Next, by analyzing these data, the load balance analysis algorithm is used to evaluate the load conditions of each part of the optical cable, and a load distribution map is drawn. The unbalanced parts are monitored keyly, and according to the degree of imbalance, the performance deterioration trend of this area is predicted. Specifically, by comparing the data in the normal load state with the data in the current load state, the performance deterioration situation that will occur in the optical cable system in a future period of time is evaluated. This process relies on the optical cable transmission performance monitoring system and its data analysis platform to ensure the accurate identification of the unbalanced load areas and the evaluation of performance deterioration.

[0074] Step S42: Based on the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance and the unbalanced situation of the optical cable transmission load, classify the types of optical cable operation faults to obtain optical cable operation fault type data; In the embodiments of the present invention, according to the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance and the unbalanced situation of the optical cable transmission load obtained in step S41, next, it is necessary to classify the types of optical cable operation faults. In this step, by combining the performance deterioration trend of the optical cable with the unbalanced load data, the failure mode analysis method (FMEA) is used to classify the operation state of the optical cable, analyze each link in the optical cable system, and combine with the performance of the unbalanced load area to identify the key factors causing the faults, such as transmission delay, bandwidth decline, packet loss rate increase, etc. Then, based on these data, through the classification rules of the fault types, different types of optical cable faults are distinguished, such as transmission rate decline faults, link disconnection faults, or signal attenuation faults, etc. This process requires the use of an optical cable status monitoring system, which can automatically classify the fault types according to the changes in the transmission load and performance data, and record the detailed data of each fault type, including the time when the fault occurs, the location where the fault occurs, and the influence range, etc. Through these data, the optical cable operation fault type data is obtained, providing a basis for subsequent fault risk assessment and location.

[0075] Step S43: Based on the optical cable operation fault type data, perform grading processing on the optical cable operation fault risks to obtain optical cable operation fault risk grading data; In the embodiment of the present invention, based on the optical cable operation fault type data obtained in step S42, risk grading processing of the optical cable operation faults is carried out. Combining the harm degree of each fault type, grading is carried out according to the influence degree of the fault on the optical cable system. Specifically, the faults are divided into different levels, such as minor faults, serious faults and fatal faults. By comprehensively evaluating factors such as the influence range, occurrence frequency, recovery time, etc. of each fault type, using the Risk Matrix method or a risk assessment model, each fault type is matched with the corresponding risk level. During the implementation process, it is necessary to compare the fault type with historical data to understand the probability of the fault occurrence and its impact on system stability. Then, a fault grading algorithm is used to process each fault and calculate its risk level. The data used in this step includes the operation data of the optical cable, the occurrence history of the fault type, load monitoring data, and relevant system status information. Through the comprehensive analysis of these data, the risk grading data of each fault type is obtained, which provides a scientific basis for subsequent optical cable fault location.

[0076] Step S44: Based on the optical cable operation fault risk grading data, perform optical cable fault location processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram to obtain optical cable fault location data.

[0077] In the embodiment of the present invention, using the optical cable operation fault risk grading data obtained in step S43, perform optical cable fault location processing on the topology diagram of the optical cable operation link to obtain the complete topology diagram of the optical cable link. The topology diagram contains all connection points, splice points of the optical cable system and the link information between them. In this topology diagram, each node represents a connection point of the optical cable, and each connection line represents the transmission path of the optical cable. Then, based on the fault risk grading data obtained in the previous steps, combined with the optical cable link topology diagram, each node and connection point in the topology diagram are marked according to the risk level. Specifically, nodes and connection points with higher risks are marked in red, and areas with lower risks are marked in green. In this way, the locations of potential faults in the optical cable system can be clearly displayed and processed preferentially. Finally, through the analysis of the topology diagram, the area where the fault most occurs in the optical cable system is located, and optical cable fault location data is generated. These data include the specific location of the optical cable fault, the fault type, the influence range and the corresponding repair suggestions, providing reliable data support for subsequent fault repair.

[0078] The present invention also provides an optical cable fault location system for executing the optical cable fault location method as described above. The optical cable fault location system includes: An optical cable operation link topology construction module, which is used to obtain the operation data of the optical cable communication link; collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; extract the operation transmission link parameters of the optical cable according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; construct the optical cable operation link topology based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission lines and the operation transmission link parameters of the optical cable; A jump point abnormal state detection module, which is used to determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; measure the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the optical cable operation link topology; detect the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable according to the abnormal transition gradient distribution data of the link; An optical cable transmission load imbalance determination module, which is used to detect the abnormal structure data of the optical cable operation jump point according to the abnormal state of the dynamic operation jump point of the optical cable; measure the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the abnormal structure data of the optical cable operation jump point; detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the severity of the aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; determine the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point; An optical cable fault location and processing module, which is used to evaluate the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the optical cable transmission load imbalance situation; classify the optical cable operation fault types based on the deterioration trend of the optical cable operation performance to obtain the optical cable operation fault type data; perform optical cable fault location and processing on the optical cable operation link topology based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain the optical cable fault location data.

[0079] A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is used to execute the optical cable fault location method described above.

[0080] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features invented herein.

Claims

1. A method for locating an optical cable fault, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: acquiring the operation data of the optical cable communication link; collecting the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; extracting the parameters of the optical cable operation transmission link according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; Construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the distribution of optical cable transmission lines and optical cable operation transmission link parameters; Step S2: determining the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; Determine the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the optical cable operation link topology diagram; detect the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point based on the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data; Step S3: detecting abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point; Determine the severity of aging of optical cable transmission structure materials based on the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure; Detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; determine the imbalance of the optical cable transmission load according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point; Step S4: evaluating the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the imbalance of the optical cable transmission load; Based on the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance, the optical cable operation fault types are classified to obtain the optical cable operation fault type data; Based on the optical cable operation fault type data, optical cable fault location processing is performed on the optical cable operation link topology diagram to obtain optical cable fault location data.

2. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S1 includes the following steps: Step S11: acquiring the optical cable communication link operation data; performing data preprocessing on the optical cable communication link operation data to obtain optical cable communication link operation preprocessing data; Step S12: collecting the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the pre-processing data of the optical cable communication link operation; Step S13: extracting optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the optical cable communication link operation preprocessing data; Step S14: constructing an optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable transmission line distribution and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters.

3. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S14 includes the following steps: Step S141: querying the physical location of the optical cable node according to the distribution of the optical cable transmission line; Step S142: measuring the optical cable transmission link length parameter based on the optical cable transmission line distribution and the optical cable operation transmission link parameter; Step S143: determining the physical connection data of the optical cable link structure according to the optical cable transmission link length parameter exceeding 750m and the physical position of the optical cable node; Step S144: querying the optical cable operation transmission link type parameters according to the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; Step S145: calculating the attenuation coefficient of the optical cable transmission link according to the optical cable transmission link type parameter; Step S146: Evaluate the optical cable transmission link characteristic data based on the optical cable transmission link attenuation coefficient exceeding 0.54 dB and the optical cable transmission link type parameter; Step S147: construct an optical cable operation link topology diagram according to the optical cable operation transmission link characteristic data and the optical cable link structure physical connection data.

4. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal in step S2 includes: Collect the operation data of the optical cable communication link within 24 hours for timing analysis to obtain the operation timing data of the optical cable communication link; Detect the fluctuation of the timing data of the optical cable communication link; Extract the characteristic data of the sudden change section of the optical cable signal amplitude based on the change of the data time series fluctuation amplitude; Calculate the fluctuation change rate before and after the mutation section based on the characteristic data of the mutation section of the optical cable signal amplitude; Detect the continuity disturbance trend of the communication link signal based on the fluctuation change rate before and after the mutation section exceeding ±0.03dB / min; Evaluate the density data of local abnormal points in the optical cable based on the continuity disturbance trend of the communication link signal; The abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal is determined based on the density data of the local abnormal points of the optical cable and the continuity disturbance trend of the communication link signal.

5. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The link abnormal transition gradient distribution data determination in step S2 includes: Extract the optical cable abnormal mutation time node data based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal; According to the abnormal mutation time node data of the optical cable, the optical cable operation link topology diagram is subjected to time node-link segment mapping processing to obtain time node-link segment mapping data; Detect the transmission delay offset variation characteristics of the optical cable link based on the time node-link segment mapping data; According to the transmission delay offset variation characteristics of the optical cable link and the optical cable operation link topology diagram, the local path signal attenuation gradient analysis is performed to obtain the optical cable local path signal attenuation gradient data; According to the attenuation gradient data of the local path signal of the optical cable, the optical cable multi-band synchronization consistency abnormality is checked; Determine the parameters of the section where the signal attenuation changes sharply based on the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable and the abnormal conditions of the synchronization consistency of the multi-band of the optical cable; The link abnormal transition gradient distribution data is determined based on the signal attenuation sharp change section parameters and the signal attenuation gradient data of the local path of the optical cable.

6. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The abnormal state detection of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point in step S2 includes: Perform optical cable abnormal jump point location processing according to link abnormal transition gradient distribution data to obtain optical cable abnormal jump point location data; Evaluate the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link based on the abnormal jump point location data of the optical cable; The operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump point of the optical cable are collected by using the optical cable abnormal jump point positioning data and the optical cable operation link topology diagram; According to the operating environment characteristics of the abnormal jump point of the optical cable, the performance degradation trend of the optical cable link is evaluated to evaluate the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation; According to the external interference intensity data of the optical cable operation, the optical cable operation environment is corrected for the optical cable link performance degradation trend to obtain the optical cable operation environment correction data; Based on the optical cable operation environment correction data, the optical cable abnormal jump point positioning data is used to detect the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point.

7. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S3 includes the following steps: Step S31: detecting abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point; Step S32: measuring the bending compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure according to the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure; Step S33: identifying the stress growth trend within the optical cable transmission structure based on the bending compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure; Step S34: determining the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the stress growth trend within the optical cable transmission structure and the bending compression degree of the optical cable transmission structure; Step S35: detecting the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the stress growth trend in the optical cable transmission structure and the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; Step S36: Determine the optical cable transmission load imbalance according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point.

8. The optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S4 includes the following steps: Step S41: evaluating the degradation trend of the optical cable operation performance according to the imbalance of the optical cable transmission load; Step S42: classifying the optical cable operation fault types based on the optical cable operation performance degradation trend and the optical cable transmission load imbalance, and obtaining the optical cable operation fault type data; Step S43: performing optical cable operation fault risk classification processing based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain optical cable operation fault risk classification data; Step S44: performing optical cable fault location processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation fault risk classification data to obtain optical cable fault location data.

9. An optical cable fault location system, characterized in that: Used to execute the optical cable fault locating method according to claim 1, the optical cable fault locating system comprises: The optical cable operation link topology diagram construction module is used to obtain the optical cable communication link operation data; collect the distribution of the optical cable transmission line according to the optical cable communication link operation data; extract the optical cable operation transmission link parameters according to the optical cable communication link operation data; and construct the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the distribution of the optical cable transmission line and the optical cable operation transmission link parameters; The jump point abnormal state detection module is used to determine the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal according to the operation data of the optical cable communication link; determine the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data based on the abnormal trend data of the optical cable transmission signal and the optical cable operation link topology diagram; and detect the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point according to the link abnormal transition gradient distribution data; The optical cable transmission load imbalance determination module is used to detect the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure according to the abnormal state of the optical cable dynamic operation jump point; determine the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material according to the abnormal data of the optical cable operation jump point structure; detect the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point according to the severity of aging of the optical cable transmission structure material; determine the optical cable transmission load imbalance according to the contact failure of the optical cable transmission connection point; The optical cable fault location processing module is used to evaluate the optical cable operation performance degradation trend according to the optical cable transmission load imbalance; classify the optical cable operation fault types based on the optical cable operation performance degradation trend to obtain optical cable operation fault type data; perform optical cable fault location processing on the optical cable operation link topology diagram based on the optical cable operation fault type data to obtain optical cable fault location data.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed, the optical cable fault locating method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

Images