Adsorption material, preparation method and application thereof, honeycomb-shaped filter plate, filter element and application of honeycomb-shaped filter plate and filter element

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and particularly relates to an adsorption material, a preparation method and application thereof, a honeycomb-shaped filter plate, a filter element and application of the honeycomb-shaped filter plate and the filter element. The adsorption material comprises a film-shaped substrate and a gelatin layer located on the surface of the film-shaped substrate, and the film-shaped substrate is prepared from dialdehyde nano cellulose grafted with amino acid, paper pulp fiber and activated carbon. According to the invention, the dialdehyde nanocellulose is obtained by grafting the aldehyde group on the nanocellulose, the nanocellulose has the characteristic of multiple hydroxyl groups, and after the aldehyde group is grafted, the content of the aldehyde group is increased, so that the content of grafted and loaded amino acid can be increased; meanwhile, grafting is carried out by utilizing dialdehyde nano-cellulose and amino acid, and then curing of the amino acid in a film-shaped matrix is realized through hydrogen-bond interaction between the nano-cellulose and paper pulp fibers. According to the invention, the amino acid and the gelatin contain rich amino groups and can be subjected to Schiff base reaction with the aldehyde compound, so that the effective degradation of the aldehyde compound is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and particularly relates to an adsorption material, a preparation method and application thereof, a honeycomb filter plate, a filter element and their applications. Background Art

[0002] Aldehydes are one of the indoor pollutants and are one of the main volatile organic compounds emitted from building and painting materials. Aldehydes not only carry their own odors, but also have toxicity. When various organs such as the mucous membranes of the eyes, nose and respiratory tract and even the skin are in long-term contact with formaldehyde gas, these organs will be greatly stimulated, thus triggering a series of potential diseases.

[0003] At present, the methods for removing aldehydes include physical adsorption, chemical neutralization, ozone oxidation, photocatalytic oxidation and decomposition, etc. Among them, the adsorption method is the most common and effective method.

[0004] A composite filter plate is a filter plate material formed by laminating and combining multiple functional materials. However, the existing composite filter plates for removing aldehydes only simply store the contacted aldehyde molecules in the filter plate without degrading them. This makes the filter plate liable to deteriorate due to long-term storage during actual use, and further causes secondary harm to the human body, thus reducing its practicality during actual use. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an adsorption material, a preparation method and application thereof, a honeycomb filter plate, a filter element and their applications. The adsorption material provided by the present invention can adsorb aldehydes and effectively degrade them at the same time.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an adsorption material, which includes a membranous matrix and a gelatin layer on the surface of the membranous matrix. The preparation raw materials of the membranous matrix include amino acid-grafted dialdehyde nanocellulose, pulp fiber and activated carbon.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the membranous matrix is 0.1 - 2 mm; the mass ratio of amino acid-grafted dialdehyde nanocellulose to pulp fiber in the preparation raw materials is 1:3 - 80; the mass ratio of amino acid-grafted dialdehyde nanocellulose to activated carbon in the preparation raw materials is 1:2 - 70.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the gelatin layer is 1 - 5 μm;

[0010] The gelatin layer further includes nano zinc oxide, and the mass ratio of gelatin to nano zinc oxide in the gelatin layer is 5 - 15:1 - 5.

[0011] Preferably, the degree of substitution of amino acids in the amino acid-grafted dialdehyde nanocellulose is 1-10%;

[0012] The amino acids include one or more of lysine, arginine, and cysteine.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the activated carbon is 200-800 mesh.

[0014] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the adsorption material described in the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0015] Filter the dispersion of the raw materials for preparing the film-like matrix by suction filtration to obtain the film-like matrix;

[0016] Immerse the film-like matrix in a dispersion containing gelatin and then dry it to obtain the adsorption material.

[0017] The present invention also provides a honeycomb filter plate, including a plurality of corrugated base materials and a plurality of flat base materials arranged alternately in layers;

[0018] Each layer of corrugated base material and the adjacent flat base materials on both sides are connected by bonding;

[0019] The outermost layer of the honeycomb filter plate is a flat base material;

[0020] Each layer of corrugated base material and each layer of flat base material are independently the adsorption material described in the above technical solution or the adsorption material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0021] Preferably, the corrugation height of the corrugated base material is 1-10 mm.

[0022] The present invention also provides a filter element, which is formed by combining the honeycomb filter plates described in the above technical solution in a staggered hole distribution.

[0023] The present invention also provides the application of the adsorption material, the honeycomb filter plate or the filter element described in the above technical solution in removing aldehyde compounds.

[0024] The present invention provides an adsorption material, including a film-like matrix and a gelatin layer on the surface of the film-like matrix. The raw materials for preparing the film-like matrix include amino acid-grafted dialdehyde nanocellulose, pulp fibers, and activated carbon.

[0025] In the present invention, dialdehyde nanocellulose is obtained by grafting aldehyde groups onto nanocellulose. Nanocellulose has the characteristic of having many hydroxyl groups. After grafting aldehyde groups, the aldehyde group content increases, and thus the content of grafted and loaded amino acids can be increased. At the same time, dialdehyde group nanocellulose is used to graft with amino acids, and then the amino acids are solidified in the membrane matrix through the hydrogen bond interaction between nanocellulose and pulp fibers. In the present invention, amino acids and gelatin contain abundant amino groups and can undergo Schiff base reactions with aldehyde compounds, thereby achieving effective degradation of aldehyde compounds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the honeycomb filter plate obtained in Application Example 1;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the filter element obtained in Application Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0028] The present invention provides an adsorption material, which includes a membrane matrix and a gelatin layer located on the surface of the membrane matrix. The preparation raw materials of the membrane matrix include dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids, pulp fibers, and activated carbon.

[0029] In the present invention, the thickness of the membrane matrix is preferably 0.1 - 2 mm, and specifically can be 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm.

[0030] In the present invention, the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to pulp fibers in the preparation raw materials is preferably 1:3 - 80, and specifically can be 1:3, 8:35, 1:10, 1:20, 2:45, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70, 1:80. In the present invention, the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to activated carbon in the preparation raw materials is preferably 1:2 - 70, and specifically can be 1:2, 8:57, 1:10, 1:20, 2:53, 1:30, 1:40, 1:50, 1:60, 1:70. In the present invention, the pulp fibers preferably include one or more of softwood fibers, hardwood fibers, bamboo fibers, and cotton fibers.

[0031] In the present invention, the substitution degree of amino acids in the dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids is preferably 1 - 10%, and specifically can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%; the amino acids preferably include one or more of lysine, arginine, and cysteine.

[0032] In the present invention, the dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids is preferably prepared by a preparation method that preferably includes:

[0033] First, mix nanocellulose aqueous dispersion, an oxidant and water, adjust the pH value of the system to acidic, and then carry out an oxidation reaction to obtain a dialdehyde nanocellulose suspension;

[0034] Second, mix the dialdehyde nanocellulose suspension, an activator and an aqueous amino acid solution, and carry out a grafting reaction to obtain the dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids.

[0035] In the present invention, the water is preferably distilled water. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the nanocellulose aqueous dispersion is preferably 4%. In the present invention, the oxidant preferably includes sodium periodate. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the nanocellulose in the nanocellulose aqueous dispersion to the oxidant is preferably 1-6:1. In the present invention, the pH value of the acidic solution is preferably 3.0-5.0; the reagent used to adjust the pH value of the system is preferably acetic acid, and the mass concentration of the acetic acid is preferably 36%. In the present invention, the temperature of the oxidation reaction is preferably 30-60°C, and the time is preferably 2-8 h; the oxidation reaction is preferably carried out under stirring, and the stirring speed is preferably 350 rpm. In the present invention, when the oxidant is sodium periodate, the oxidation reaction is preferably carried out under light-shielded conditions to avoid the photodecomposition of sodium periodate. In the present invention, after the oxidation reaction, it preferably further includes filtering the obtained reaction system and then washing the obtained precipitate with water. In the present invention, the water washing is preferably carried out with distilled water.

[0036] In the present invention, the mass concentration of the dialdehyde nanocellulose suspension is preferably 0.1-2%. In the present invention, the activator preferably includes N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) and / or 1-ethyl-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC); the mass ratio of the dialdehyde nanocellulose in the dialdehyde nanocellulose suspension to the activator is preferably 2-20:1. In the present invention, the mass concentration of the aqueous amino acid solution is preferably 5-40 g / L. In the present invention, the second mixing is preferably: stirring and mixing the suspension containing dialdehyde nanocellulose and the activator, and then adding the aqueous amino acid solution, and adjusting the pH value of the system to 7-8; the temperature of the stirring and mixing is preferably room temperature, and the stirring and mixing time is preferably more than 0.5 h. In the present invention, the temperature of the grafting reaction is preferably 0-60°C, specifically it can be 0°C, 10°C, 20°C, 30°C, 40°C, 50°C, 60°C; the grafting reaction is preferably carried out under stirring, and the stirring time is preferably 12-72 h. More preferably 24-48 h. After the reaction, the present invention preferably further includes filtering and washing away the unreacted amino acids. In the present invention, the dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids preferably exists in the form of a dispersion.

[0037] In the present invention, the thickness of the gelatin layer is preferably 1 to 5 μm, specifically it can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 4 μm, 5 μm; the gelatin layer preferably further includes nano-zinc oxide, and the mass ratio of gelatin to nano-zinc oxide in the gelatin layer is preferably 5 to 15:1 to 5. In the present invention, by adding nano-zinc oxide, the antibacterial and mildew-proof properties of the adsorbent material can be further improved.

[0038] In the present invention, the particle size of the activated carbon is preferably 200 to 800 mesh.

[0039] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the adsorbent material described in the above technical solution, including the following steps:

[0040] Filter and dry the dispersion liquid of the preparation raw materials containing the film-like substrate to obtain the film-like substrate;

[0041] Immerse the film-like substrate in the dispersion liquid containing gelatin and then dry it to obtain the adsorbent material.

[0042] In the present invention, the solid content of the dispersion liquid (the first dispersion liquid) of the preparation raw materials containing the film-like substrate is preferably 0.8%. In the present invention, the pulp fibers preferably further include beating treatment before use, and the beating degree of the beating treatment is preferably 20 to 60 °SR, and more preferably 35 to 50 °SR.

[0043] In the present invention, the solid content of the dispersion liquid (the second dispersion liquid) containing gelatin is preferably 1 to 3%, and more preferably 2%. The present invention has no special limitation on the processes of the impregnation and drying, and those well-known to those skilled in the art can be adopted. In the present invention, when the gelatin layer further includes nano-zinc oxide, during the preparation process, the nano-zinc oxide is added to the second dispersion liquid.

[0044] The present invention also provides a honeycomb filter plate, including a plurality of corrugated base materials and a plurality of flat base materials arranged alternately in layers;

[0045] Each layer of corrugated base material and the adjacent flat base materials on both sides are connected by an adhesive method;

[0046] The outermost layer of the honeycomb filter plate is a flat base material;

[0047] Each layer of corrugated base material and each layer of flat base material are independently the adsorbent material described in the above technical solution or the adsorbent material prepared by the preparation method described in the above technical solution.

[0048] In the present invention, the corrugation height of the corrugated base material is preferably 1 to 10 mm, specifically it can be 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm.

[0049] The present invention also provides a filter element, which is formed by combining the honeycomb filter plates described in the above technical solution in a staggered hole distribution.

[0050] The present invention also provides the application of the adsorption material, the honeycomb filter plate or the filter element described in the above technical solution in removing aldehyde compounds.

[0051] Unless otherwise specified, the materials and equipment used in the present invention are all commercially available products in the art.

[0052] Next, the technical solutions in the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Place 1000 g of a nano-cellulose dispersion with a mass concentration of 4% in an opaque container, add 8000 mL of distilled water and 10 g of sodium periodate, adjust the pH value of the system to 3.5 with acetic acid with a mass concentration of 36%, cover the flask with aluminum foil to achieve a light-shielded environment, and carry out an oxidation reaction at a rotation speed of 350 rpm and a temperature of 45 °C for 4 h; after the reaction is completed, filter the system, and wash the obtained precipitate with distilled water; add distilled water and stir to prepare a 2% dialdehyde nano-cellulose suspension;

[0055] Add NHS (N-hydroxysuccinimide) to the obtained dialdehyde nano-cellulose suspension, where the mass ratio of dialdehyde nano-cellulose to NHS is 8:1, stir at room temperature for 0.5 h, add a lysine aqueous solution with a mass concentration of 10 g / L, adjust the pH value of the system to 8.0, stir at 25 °C, and after fully reacting for 48 h, filter and wash away the unreacted amino acids to obtain a suspension containing grafted amino acid dialdehyde nano-cellulose;

[0056] Perform beating treatment on the softwood pulp board to obtain a cellulose pulp with a beating degree of 35°SR;

[0057] A suspension of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids, cellulose pulp, and activated carbon with a particle size of 325 mesh are mixed and diluted with water to obtain a first dispersion. Among them, the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to pulp fibers is 8:35, the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to activated carbon is 8:57, and the solid content of the first dispersion is 0.8%; the obtained first dispersion is filtered by suction to obtain a film-like substrate with a thickness of 0.5 mm.

[0058] The obtained film-like substrate is impregnated in a second dispersion containing gelatin and zinc oxide nanoparticles and then dried to obtain an adsorption material. Among them, the mass ratio of gelatin to zinc oxide nanoparticles in the second dispersion is 5:1, the solid content of the second dispersion is 2%, and the thickness of the formed gelatin layer is 3 μm.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] The adsorption material is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that lysine at 10 g / L is replaced with arginine at 15 g / L, the solid content of the second dispersion is 3%, and the thickness of the gelatin layer is 5 μm.

[0061] Example 3

[0062] The adsorption material is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to pulp fibers is 2:45, and the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to activated carbon is 2:53.

[0063] Comparative Example 1

[0064] The adsorption material is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dialdehyde nanocellulose is not subjected to the amino acid grafting reaction.

[0065] Comparative Example 2

[0066] The adsorption material is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the impregnation treatment with the second dispersion is not carried out.

[0067] Comparative Example 3

[0068] The adsorption material is prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the dialdehyde nanocellulose is not subjected to the amino acid grafting reaction and the impregnation treatment with the second dispersion is not carried out.

[0069] Application Example 1

[0070] The adsorption material obtained in Example 1 was made into a filter element with a staggered pore distribution. The specific method is as follows: The adsorption material was pressed into a corrugated shape by a corrugating machine (where the corrugation height is 2 mm), and then the obtained corrugated substrate was bonded to the flat substrate that was not pressed. After alternating and laminating and bonding, a honeycomb filter plate with the required size was obtained. Finally, two honeycomb filter plates were arranged in a staggered pore pattern and combined to prepare a filter element. Among them, Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the honeycomb filter plate, Figure 2 and

[0071] Application Example 2

[0072] The adsorption material obtained in Example 2 was made into a filter element in the same way as in Application Example 1.

[0073] Application Example 3

[0074] The adsorption material obtained in Example 3 was made into a filter element in the same way as in Application Example 1.

[0075] Application Comparative Example 1

[0076] The adsorption material obtained in Comparative Example 1 was made into a filter element in the same way as in Application Example 1.

[0077] Application Comparative Example 2

[0078] The adsorption material obtained in Comparative Example 2 was made into a filter element in the same way as in Application Example 1.

[0079] Application Comparative Example 3

[0080] The adsorption material obtained in Comparative Example 3 was made into a filter element in the same way as in Application Example 1.

[0081] Performance Test

[0082] The filter elements obtained in the application examples and application comparative examples were placed in an air purifier, and the formaldehyde removal rate was measured in accordance with QB / T 2761-2006 "Determination Method for Purification Effect of Indoor Air Purification Products";

[0083] The test results obtained are shown in Table 1;

[0084] Table 1 Test Results of Filter Elements

[0085]

[0086] As can be seen from Table 1, the filter element provided by the present invention has a high formaldehyde removal rate and realizes the effective degradation of aldehyde compounds.

[0087] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Other embodiments can also be obtained based on these embodiments without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adsorption material, characterized in that: The invention comprises a membrane-like matrix and a gelatin layer located on the surface of the membrane-like matrix. The raw materials for preparing the membrane-like matrix comprise dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids, pulp fibers and activated carbon.

2. The adsorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the membrane matrix is ​​0.1-2 mm; the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to pulp fiber in the preparation raw materials is 1:3-80; the mass ratio of dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids to activated carbon in the preparation raw materials is 1:2-70.

3. The adsorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that The thickness of the gelatin layer is 1 to 5 μm; The gelatin layer also includes nano zinc oxide, and the mass ratio of gelatin to nano zinc oxide in the gelatin layer is 5-15:1-5.

4. The adsorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that The degree of substitution of amino acids in the dialdehyde nanocellulose grafted with amino acids is 1 to 10%; The amino acids include one or more of lysine, arginine and cysteine.

5. The adsorption material according to claim 1, characterized in that The particle size of the activated carbon is 200-800 meshes.

6. The method for preparing the adsorbent material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The dispersion liquid containing the raw material for preparing the membrane-like matrix is ​​filtered to obtain the membrane-like matrix; The film-like substrate is immersed in a dispersion containing gelatin and then dried to obtain the adsorbent.

7. A honeycomb filter plate, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of layers of corrugated substrates and a plurality of layers of flat substrates which are alternately stacked; Each layer of corrugated substrate is connected to the flat substrates on both sides thereof by bonding; The outermost layer of the honeycomb filter plate is a flat substrate; Each layer of the corrugated substrate and each layer of the flat substrate are independently the adsorption material according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the adsorption material prepared by the preparation method according to claim 6.

8. The honeycomb filter plate according to claim 7, characterized in that: The corrugated substrate has a corrugation height of 1 to 10 mm.

9. A filter element, characterized in that: The honeycomb filter plates according to claim 7 or 8 are combined in a staggered hole distribution.

10. Use of the adsorption material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, the honeycomb filter plate according to claim 7 or 8, or the filter element according to claim 9 in removing aldehyde compounds.

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