Earthwork compaction equipment and compaction method suitable for underwater earthwork compaction

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil building construction, in particular to earthwork compaction equipment and compaction method suitable for underwater earthwork compaction, and the earthwork compaction equipment comprises a soil storage box, a partition mechanism, a material gathering mechanism and a shaping structure; a crushing bin, a gathering bin and a discharging bin are arranged in the soil storage box from top to bottom, a crushing structure is arranged in the crushing bin, the gathering bin is in a big-end-up conical shrinkage shape, and a plurality of discharging ports are formed in the lower end of the discharging bin; the partition mechanism is used for partitioning the crushing bin and the gathering bin; the material gathering mechanism comprises a cover body, a lower pressing plate is arranged in the cover body, a plurality of discharging assemblies are arranged on the lower pressing plate, and a stamping discharging structure used for driving the discharging assemblies to work is arranged at the upper end in the cover body. Shaping structures are arranged at the multiple discharging ports, and each shaping structure comprises a shaping pipe connected with the corresponding discharging port; the soil storage box, the partition mechanism, the material gathering mechanism and the shaping mechanism are arranged, so that loose soil is effectively prevented from being taken away by flowing water, and the soil filling effect is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil construction, and specifically relates to an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction, and also relates to a compaction method. Background Technique

[0002] With the increasing number of underwater engineering projects such as marine resource development, cross-sea bridge construction, port and wharf expansion, and nearshore wind farm construction, underwater earthwork compaction operations have become a key link in ensuring the stability and safety of engineering structures. Underwater earthwork compaction can not only enhance the bearing capacity of the foundation, reduce the settlement of engineering structures, but also effectively prevent seawater erosion and scour, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the project.

[0003] The patent with the publication number of CN112779902B discloses a water surface compaction device for civil construction piles. Through multiple detection needles, it can detect the compactness of the soil, detect the position of the soil with large gaps remaining, and at the same time, multiple detection needles can loosen the soil in a small range. When the soil is in the compacted state later, there are small spaces reserved to gather the soil, strengthening the compactness of the soil compaction. When one of the detection needles detects a loose soil position, the valve corresponding to the detection needle can be activated, the motor drives the rotating shaft to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, and at the same time, the blades at the rear end rotate 90 degrees with the rotating shaft, and the soil falls into the front end of the soil storage box along the trend. The electric slide rail receives the signal from the detector, drives the punching cylinder to move left and right through the electric slide rail, and the electric slide rail drives the electric slider, so that the punching cylinder moves to directly above the opened input pipe. After the position of the punching cylinder corresponds to the input pipe, the punching cylinder drives the punching shaft to move downward, and after the punching shaft moves downward, it directly inserts downward into the opened input pipe, and the soil in the soil storage box can be pushed into the input pipe, and the soil is input from the input pipe to the loose soil position, and the soil can be transported to the loose soil position. The soil is used as filling soil, which can timely supplement the soil and strengthen the compactness of the soil, improving the firmness of the building pile.

[0004] Although the above solution realizes accurate filling of soil at a fixed point, the soil is pushed into the input pipe under the action of the punching shaft, and then fills the loose position of the water body soil along the input pipe. During this process, the soil is in a loose state, and there are large gaps between the soil and the soil. After the soil moves out of the input pipe, the flow of the water body will drive part of the soil to be lost, resulting in a weakened filling effect of the soil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction is provided. By setting a soil storage box, a partition mechanism, an aggregating mechanism and a shaping mechanism, the loose soil is effectively prevented from being carried away by the flowing water body, ensuring the soil filling effect.

[0006] To solve the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction, which includes a soil storage box, a partition mechanism, a material gathering mechanism, and a shaping structure; the interior of the soil storage box is successively divided into a crushing bin, an aggregation bin, and a discharge bin from top to bottom. A crushing structure is arranged in the crushing bin. The aggregation bin is in a conical contraction shape with a large upper part and a small lower part. A plurality of discharge ports are arranged at the lower end of the discharge bin; the partition mechanism is used to partition the crushing bin and the aggregation bin; the material gathering mechanism includes a cover body covering the upper end of the soil storage box. A lower pressing plate parallel to the discharge bin is arranged inside the cover body. A plurality of blanking components corresponding to the plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the lower pressing plate. A punching and discharging structure for driving the blanking components to work is arranged at the upper end inside the cover body; shaping structures are arranged at the plurality of discharge ports. The shaping structure includes a shaping pipe connected to the discharge port.

[0007] Preferably, the material gathering mechanism further includes an auxiliary material gathering component. The auxiliary material gathering component includes two material gathering plates and a plurality of control components; the two material gathering plates are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower pressing plate. The material gathering plates are slidably connected to the lower pressing plate; the plurality of control components are arranged on the lower pressing plate at equal intervals. Both ends of the control components are respectively connected to the two material gathering plates.

[0008] Preferably, the control component includes a first guide rod parallel to the lower pressing plate and fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate. Sliders are slidably arranged at both ends of the first guide rod. The sliders are connected to the material gathering plates. Two first springs are also sleeved on the first guide rod. Both ends of the first spring are respectively abutted against the slider and the middle part of the first guide rod.

[0009] Preferably, the blanking component includes a first blanking column perpendicular to the lower pressing plate and located above the lower pressing plate. The first blanking column is movably connected to the lower pressing plate. A reset guiding component is arranged at one end of the first blanking column. The reset guiding component is used to drive the first blanking column to reset above the lower pressing plate.

[0010] Preferably, the reset guiding component includes a connecting plate connected to the end of the first blanking column. A plurality of second guide rods are movably connected to the connecting plate at equal intervals. The second guide rods are parallel to the first blanking column. A second spring is sleeved on each second guide rod. Both ends of the second spring are respectively abutted against the connecting plate and the lower pressing plate.

[0011] Preferably, a vertical groove is axially formed inside the first blanking column. A second blanking column is movably arranged in the vertical groove. One end of the second blanking column extends out of the first blanking column. A third spring is sleeved on the second blanking column. Both ends of the third spring are respectively abutted against the bottom and the top of the vertical groove.

[0012] Preferably, the material gathering mechanism includes two lower pressing driving structures. The two lower pressing driving structures are respectively arranged at both ends of the lower pressing plate. The lower pressing driving structure is used to drive the lower pressing plate to move towards the inside of the aggregation bin.

[0013] Preferably, the partition mechanism includes two partition components and a partition driving structure; the two partition components are symmetrically arranged inside the crushing bin; the partition driving structure is used to control the two partition components to partition the connection between the crushing bin and the gathering bin.

[0014] Preferably, two self-opening and closing components are arranged on the shaping pipe, and the two self-opening and closing components are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle plane of the shaping pipe. The self-opening and closing components are used to automatically open and close the shaping pipe.

[0015] A compaction method is applied to an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork ramming, and includes the following steps: S1. Put the soil into the crushing bin, and the crushing structure crushes the soil, breaking the large pieces of soil into small pieces; S2. When it is necessary to fill the soil to the bottom of the water, the partition mechanism works to connect the crushing bin and the gathering bin, and the small pieces of soil fall into the gathering bin and the discharge bin; S3. Then the material gathering mechanism is started, and the lower pressing plate moves towards the discharge bin, so that the soil under the lower pressing plate is concentrated and pressed towards the discharge bin; S4. The stamping and discharging structure moves above the discharge port where the soil needs to be discharged, and the stamping and discharging structure drives the blanking component to work, and the blanking component discharges the soil from the corresponding discharge port; S5. Finally, the discharged soil is rammed.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: 1. The present invention is provided with a soil storage box, a partition mechanism, a material gathering mechanism and a shaping mechanism. The crushing structure in the soil storage box crushes the large pieces of soil put into the crushing bin and converts them into small pieces of soil, effectively preventing the large pieces of soil from blocking subsequent components such as the shaping pipe, ensuring the smooth operation of the equipment, improving the soil treatment efficiency. The partition mechanism can partition or connect the crushing bin and the gathering bin. During the soil crushing stage, the partition mechanism partitions the two. When feeding is required, the partition mechanism opens to enable the small pieces of soil to smoothly enter the gathering bin. The lower pressing plate in the material gathering mechanism is parallel to the discharge bin and can move towards the discharge bin to concentrate and press the soil under the lower pressing plate towards the discharge bin, making the soil present a more compact state, reducing the gaps between the soils, and improving the compactness and stability of the soil. The shaping pipe in the shaping structure is connected to the discharge port, and the compacted soil forms a cylindrical state through the shaping pipe. The surface of the cylindrical soil is relatively smooth. After this shaped soil falls to the bottom of the water, the flow of the water body has little interference with it, thus effectively preventing the loose soil from being carried away by the flowing water body and ensuring the effect of soil filling.

[0017] 2. The present invention is provided with two material gathering plates and multiple control components. Before the lower pressing plate moves towards the discharge bin, the multiple control components simultaneously apply forces to the two material gathering plates, causing the two material gathering plates to be in a state away from the lower pressing plate. At this time, the area covered by the lower pressing plate and the material gathering plates is the largest, and a larger range of soil can be included in the extrusion range at one time. When the two material gathering plates are in contact with the two inner walls of the gathering bin, as the lower pressing plate moves towards the discharge bin, the multiple control components drive the two material gathering plates to move towards the lower pressing plate and keep the material gathering plates in contact with the inner walls of the gathering bin. During this process, the soil on the inner walls of the gathering bin is pushed by the material gathering plates and moves towards the discharge bin, thus effectively preventing the soil from remaining on the inner walls of the gathering bin.

[0018] 3. The present invention is provided with a first guide rod, two sliders and two first springs. In the initial state, under the action of the first springs, the two material gathering plates are in a state away from the lower pressing plate, so that the area covered by the lower pressing plate and the material gathering plates reaches the maximum. When the lower pressing plate moves upward after completing the soil extrusion and discharge operations, the elastic potential energy stored in the first springs pushes the material gathering plates to gradually move away from the lower pressing plate, causing the material gathering plates to return to the positions in the initial state. When the sliders move to the ends of the first guide rod, the material gathering plates stop moving. At this time, the area covered by the two material gathering plates and the lower pressing plate is reset to the maximum state, preparing for the next material gathering operation. By utilizing the elastic forces of the first springs, the position of the material gathering plates can be automatically adjusted according to the movement state of the lower pressing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a perspective view of an earth compaction device applicable to underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 is a top view of an earth compaction device applicable to underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a perspective cross-sectional view at A-A in

[0022] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the lower pressing plate and the auxiliary material gathering assembly in an earth compaction device applicable to underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the lower pressing plate and the control components in an earth compaction device applicable to underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the lower pressing plate and the material feeding assembly in an earth compaction device applicable to underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7It is a three-dimensional view of the first feeding column, the reset guiding component, and the second feeding column in an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 8 It is an exploded view of the first feeding column, the second feeding column, and the third spring in an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional view of the lower pressing plate, the auxiliary material gathering component, the feeding component, the stamping and discharging structure, and the lower pressing driving structure in an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional view of the soil storage box and the partition mechanism in an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional view of the shaping pipe and the self-opening and closing component in an earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to the present invention.

[0030] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1. Soil storage box; 11. Crushing bin; 12. Aggregation bin; 13. Discharge bin; 14. Crushing structure; 2. Partition mechanism; 21. Partition component; 211. Partition board; 212. First rotating shaft; 22. Partition driving structure; 221. First driving plate; 222. Second driving plate; 223. First linear driver; 3. Material gathering mechanism; 31. Cover body; 32. Lower pressing plate; 33. Auxiliary material gathering component; 331. Material gathering plate; 332. Control component; 3321. First guide rod; 3322. Slide block; 3323. First spring; 34. Feeding component; 341. First feeding column; 342. Reset guiding component; 3421. Connecting plate; 3422. Second guide rod; 3423. Second spring; 343. Second feeding column; 344. Third spring; 35. Stamping and discharging structure; 36. Lower pressing driving structure; 361. Connecting column; 362. Lower pressing driver; 4. Shaping structure; 41. Shaping pipe; 42. Self-opening and closing component; 421. Partition board; 422. Elastic telescopic rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0031] To further understand the features, technical means, and the specific purposes and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the detailed implementation manners.

[0032] Refer to Figures 1 to 11As shown: An earth compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction, including a soil storage box 1, a partition mechanism 2, a material gathering mechanism 3 and a shaping structure 4; inside the soil storage box 1, there are a crushing bin 11, an aggregation bin 12 and a discharge bin 13 from top to bottom. A crushing structure 14 is arranged in the crushing bin 11. The aggregation bin 12 is in a conical contraction shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom. A plurality of discharge ports are arranged at the lower end of the discharge bin 13; the partition mechanism 2 is used to partition the crushing bin 11 and the aggregation bin 12; the material gathering mechanism 3 includes a cover body 31 covering the upper end of the soil storage box 1. Inside the cover body 31, there is a lower pressing plate 32 parallel to the discharge bin 13. A plurality of blanking components 34 corresponding to the plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the lower pressing plate 32. At the upper end inside the cover body 31, there is a punching and discharging structure 35 for driving the blanking components 34 to work; a shaping structure 4 is arranged at each of the plurality of discharge ports. The shaping structure 4 includes a shaping pipe 41 connected to the discharge port.

[0033] Specifically, both the crushing structure 14 and the punching and discharging structure 35 adopt existing technologies, and the punching and discharging structure 35 can move along the plurality of discharge ports.

[0034] First, the entire compaction device is installed on the water surface working platform. The water surface working platform drives the entire compaction device to move on the water surface. When the water surface working platform drives the entire compaction device to move above the area where soil needs to be added, the partition mechanism 2 partitions the crushing bin 11 and the aggregation bin 12, and then the soil is put into the crushing bin 11. The crushing structure 14 crushes the soil, breaking large pieces of soil into small pieces to prevent large pieces of soil from blocking the shaping pipe 41. When the soil needs to be filled to the bottom of the water, the partition mechanism 2 works to connect the crushing bin 11 and the aggregation bin 12. The small pieces of soil fall under the action of gravity into the aggregation bin 12 and gather towards the discharge bin 13 along the inner wall of the conical contraction-shaped aggregation bin 12. Then the material gathering mechanism 3 is started, and the lower pressing plate 32 moves towards the discharge bin 13, causing the soil below the lower pressing plate 32 to concentrate and be pressed towards the discharge bin 13, and the soil presents a denser state. Then the punching and discharging structure 35 moves above the discharge port where the soil needs to be discharged, and the punching and discharging structure 35 drives the blanking component 34 to work. The blanking component 34 discharges the soil from the corresponding discharge port. The soil forms a cylindrical shape through the shaping pipe 41 in the shaping structure 4. At this time, the surface of the cylindrical soil is relatively smooth. After the soil falls to the bottom of the water, the soil is compacted. Through the cooperation of the lower pressing plate 32, the aggregation bin 12 and the discharge bin 13, the soil is preliminarily compacted, effectively reducing the gaps between the soils, improving the density of the soil, enhancing the stability of the soil. The compacted soil is shaped in appearance through the shaping pipe 41 to form a cylindrical shape with a relatively smooth surface, and the flow of the water body has less interference with the soil, thus effectively preventing the loose soil from being carried away by the flowing water body and ensuring the effect of soil filling.

[0035] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure: The aggregating mechanism 3 further includes an auxiliary aggregating component 33. The auxiliary aggregating component 33 includes two aggregating plates 331 and a plurality of control components 332. The two aggregating plates 331 are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower pressing plate 32. The aggregating plates 331 are slidably connected to the lower pressing plate 32. The plurality of control components 332 are arranged on the lower pressing plate 32 at equal intervals. Both ends of the control component 332 are respectively connected to the two aggregating plates 331.

[0036] After the partition mechanism 2 connects the crushing chamber 11 and the aggregating chamber 12, the soil slides along the inclined inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12 towards the discharge bin 13. Due to the friction between the inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12 and the soil, part of the soil will adhere to the inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12. Therefore, before the lower pressing plate 32 moves towards the discharge bin 13, the plurality of control components 332 simultaneously apply forces to the two aggregating plates 331, making the two aggregating plates 331 in a state away from the lower pressing plate 32. At this time, the area covered by the lower pressing plate 32 and the aggregating plates 331 is the largest, so as to extrude the soil in a larger range. Then the lower pressing plate 32 drives the two aggregating plates 331 to move towards the discharge bin 13. When the two aggregating plates 331 abut against the two inner walls of the aggregating chamber 12, the plurality of control components 332 are activated again. As the lower pressing plate 32 moves towards the discharge bin 13, the plurality of control components 332 drive the two aggregating plates 331 to move towards the lower pressing plate 32 and keep the aggregating plates 331 in contact with the inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12. During this process, the soil on the inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12 is pushed by the aggregating plates 331 to move and converge towards the discharge bin 13, thus preventing the soil from remaining on the inner wall of the aggregating chamber 12.

[0037] Refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown in the figure: The control component 332 includes a first guide rod 3321 parallel to the lower pressing plate 32 and fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate 32. Sliders 3322 are slidably arranged at both ends of the first guide rod 3321. The sliders 3322 are connected to the aggregating plates 331. Two first springs 3323 are also sleeved on the first guide rod 3321. Both ends of the first spring 3323 are respectively abutted against the sliders 3322 and the middle part of the first guide rod 3321.

[0038] In the initial state, since the slider 3322 is fixedly connected to the material collecting plate 331, the two material collecting plates 331 are in a state of being away from the lower pressing plate 32 under the action of the first spring 3323. At this time, the area covered by the lower pressing plate 32 and the material collecting plates 331 is the largest, which is beneficial to the subsequent collection of soil. When the lower pressing plate 32 moves downward, the two material collecting plates 331 move with the lower pressing plate 32. When the two material collecting plates 331 are in contact with the inner wall of the gathering bin 12, an interaction force is generated between the material collecting plate 331 and the gathering bin 12. The force received by the material collecting plate 331 can be decomposed into a component force parallel to the direction of the first guide rod 3321. This component force causes the material collecting plate 331 to push the slider 3322 to move along the first guide rod 3321. As the slider 3322 moves along the first guide rod 3321, the first spring 3323 is gradually compressed and stores elastic potential energy. During this process, the material collecting plate 331 always remains in contact with the inner wall of the gathering bin 12, pushing the soil on the inner wall of the gathering bin 12 to move towards the discharge bin 13. When the lower pressing plate 32 completes the soil extrusion and discharge operation, it starts to move upward. At this time, the two material collecting plates 331 move upward with the lower pressing plate 32. Since the first spring 3323 stores elastic potential energy, the first spring 3323 pushes the material collecting plate 331 to gradually move away from the lower pressing plate 32, causing the material collecting plate 331 to return to the position in the initial state. After the slider 3322 moves to the end of the first guide rod 3321, the material collecting plate 331 stops moving. At this time, the area covered by the two material collecting plates 331 and the lower pressing plate 32 returns to the maximum state, preparing for the next material collecting operation. By utilizing the elastic force of the first spring 3323, the position of the material collecting plate 331 can be automatically adjusted according to the movement state of the lower pressing plate 32.

[0039] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown: The blanking assembly 34 includes a first blanking column 341 perpendicular to the lower pressing plate 32 and located above the lower pressing plate 32. The first blanking column 341 is movably connected to the lower pressing plate 32. One end of the first blanking column 341 is provided with a reset guiding assembly 342, and the reset guiding assembly 342 is used to drive the first blanking column 341 to reset above the lower pressing plate 32.

[0040] After the lower pressing plate 32 compacts the soil, when one of the discharge openings moves directly above the bottom of the water area where soil filling is required, the punching and discharging structure 35 moves to the upper end of the blanking component 34 corresponding to this discharge opening. The punching and discharging structure 35 applies a force towards the discharge bin 13 to the first blanking column 341. The first blanking column 341 moves towards the discharge opening under the guidance of the reset guiding component 342. The soil below the first blanking column 341 is pushed by the first blanking column 341 towards the inside of the shaping pipe 41 and finally the soil is pushed out of the shaping pipe 41. After the punching and discharging structure 35 removes the force applied to the first blanking column 341, the reset guiding component 342 drives the first blanking column 341 to reset. At this time, a cavity is formed at the lower end of the first blanking column 341. The lower pressing plate 32 continues to move downwards, squeezing the surrounding soil into the cavity, waiting for the next operation of the first blanking column 341, thus realizing the automatic blanking of the soil.

[0041] Refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown: The reset guiding component 342 includes a connecting plate 3421 connected to the end of the first blanking column 341. A plurality of second guide rods 3422 are movably connected at equal intervals on the connecting plate 3421, and the second guide rods 3422 are parallel to the first blanking column 341. A second spring 3423 is sleeved on each second guide rod 3422. The two ends of the second spring 3423 are respectively abutted against the connecting plate 3421 and the lower pressing plate 32.

[0042] In the initial state, the plurality of second springs 3423 are in a natural elongation state, applying a force in the direction away from the discharge bin 13 to the connecting plate 3421. This force is transmitted to the first blanking column 341 through the connecting plate 3421, keeping the first blanking column 341 at the upper end of the lower pressing plate 32 to form a stable initial position. When the punching and discharging structure 35 applies a force towards the discharge bin 13 to the first blanking column 341, this force is transmitted to the connecting plate 3421 through the first blanking column 341, causing the connecting plate 3421 to overcome the force of the plurality of second springs 3423 and move downwards along the second guide rods 3422. During this process, the plurality of second springs 3423 are gradually compressed, and the stored elastic potential energy gradually increases. After the blanking operation is completed, the punching and discharging structure 35 removes the force applied to the first blanking column 341. At this time, the plurality of second springs 3423 simultaneously release the stored elastic potential energy, applying an upward force to the connecting plate 3421. Under the combined action of the plurality of second springs 3423, the connecting plate 3421 moves smoothly upwards along the plurality of second guide rods 3422, driving the first blanking column 341 to rise synchronously until it returns to the initial position. During this process, it is not necessary for the punching and discharging structure 35 to apply a force away from the discharge bin 13 to the first blanking column 341, thus realizing the automatic reset of the first blanking column 341 after the blanking operation.

[0043] Refer toFigure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown in Figure 3 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , a vertical groove is formed along the axial direction inside the first blanking column 341. A second blanking column 343 is movably arranged in the vertical groove. One end of the second blanking column 343 extends out of the first blanking column 341. A third spring 344 is sleeved on the second blanking column 343. Two ends of the third spring 344 are respectively abutted against the bottom and the top of the vertical groove.

[0044] After the first blanking column 341 extrudes the soil into the shaping tube 41, the first blanking column 341 still needs to continue to move downward to extrude the soil out of the shaping tube 41. Therefore, the stroke of the first blanking column 341 is relatively long, which makes the length of the first blanking column 341 relatively long. The length of the second guide rod 3422 in the reset guiding assembly 342 is relatively long. Moreover, the stamping and discharging structure 35 also needs to be set higher, which results in too high a center of gravity of the main body of the compaction device. By forming a vertical groove inside the first blanking column 341 and arranging the second blanking column 343 in the vertical groove, in the initial state, the third spring 344 restricts the second blanking column 343 inside the first blanking column 341. After the first blanking column 341 extrudes the soil into the shaping tube 41, the stamping and discharging structure 35 applies a force to the second blanking column 343. The second blanking column 343 overcomes the resistance of the third spring 344 and extends out of the first blanking column 341. The second blanking column 343 continues to push the soil to move. The first blanking column 341 and the second blanking column 343 form a two-stage material pushing effect, thereby effectively reducing the overall height of the compaction device.

[0045] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 9 As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 9 , the material gathering mechanism 3 includes two downward pressing drive structures 36. The two downward pressing drive structures 36 are respectively arranged at two ends of the lower pressing plate 32. The downward pressing drive structure 36 is used to drive the lower pressing plate 32 to move towards the inside of the gathering bin 12.

[0046] Specifically, the downward pressing drive structure 36 includes a connecting column 361 and a downward pressing driver 362. Two ends of the connecting column 361 are respectively connected to the lower pressing plate 32 and the stamping and discharging structure 35. The downward pressing driver 362 is fixedly arranged on the cover body 31. The downward pressing driver 362 is connected to the connecting column 361.

[0047] During the process of the lower pressing plate 32 moving towards the discharge bin 13, the soil under the lower pressing plate 32 is compacted. Since the degree of compaction of the soil under the lower pressing plate 32 is different, the reaction force of the soil on the lower pressing plate 32 is also different, which easily causes a change in the state of the lower pressing plate 32 parallel to the discharge bin 13. Therefore, lower pressing drive structures 36 are provided at both ends of the lower pressing plate 32. After the soil falls into the aggregation bin 12 and the discharge bin 13 under the action of gravity, the two lower pressing drive structures 36 are started simultaneously. The lower pressing driver 362 in the lower pressing drive structure 36 exerts a force towards the discharge bin 13 on the connecting column 361. The connecting column 361 drives the lower pressing plate 32 and the punching and discharging structure 35 to move synchronously as a whole. At the same time, the lower pressing plate 32 drives the multiple blanking components 34 installed thereon to move synchronously. Since both ends of the lower pressing plate 32 are simultaneously subjected to the action of the lower pressing drive structure 36, the two ends of the lower pressing plate 32 are kept moving synchronously, avoiding the inclination of the lower pressing plate 32 due to different local forces.

[0048] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 10 As shown: The partition mechanism 2 includes two partition components 21 and a partition drive structure 22; the two partition components 21 are symmetrically arranged inside the crushing bin 11; the partition drive structure 22 is used to control the two partition components 21 to partition the connection between the crushing bin 11 and the aggregation bin 12.

[0049] Specifically, the partition component 21 includes a first rotating shaft 212 and a partition plate 211. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 212 are connected to the soil storage box 1, and the partition plate 211 is fixedly connected to the first rotating shaft 212. The partition drive structure 22 includes a first drive plate 221. The first drive plate 221 is parallel to the plane where the two first rotating shafts 212 are located. Second drive plates 222 are provided at both ends of the first drive plate 221. One end of the second drive plate 222 is connected to the first rotating shaft 212, and the other end of the second drive plate 222 is slidably connected to the first drive plate 221. A first linear driver 223 is provided in the middle of the first drive plate 221. The first linear driver 223 is used to drive the first drive plate 221 to move in a direction perpendicular to the plane where the two first rotating shafts 212 are located.

[0050] If the soil is not crushed, the soil may contain relatively large hard soil clods, which will hinder the operation of the feeding component 34. Therefore, two partition components 21 and a partition driving structure 22 are provided. Before putting the soil into the crushing bin 11, the partition driving structure 22 drives the two partition components 21 to partition the crushing bin 11 and the gathering bin 12, so that the crushing bin 11 forms an independent space. The soil is put into the crushing bin 11, and the crushing mechanism is started to complete the crushing of the soil in the crushing bin 11. Then the partition driving structure 22 is started again. The first linear driver 223 drives the first driving plate 221 to move downward. The two ends of the first driving plate 221 respectively apply forces to the ends of the two second driving plates 222, so that the second driving plate 222 drives the first rotating shaft 212 to rotate around the axis of the first rotating shaft 212. The first rotating shaft 212 drives the partition plate 211 to rotate, so that the partition plate 211 rotates from a state parallel to the lower pressing plate 32 to a state parallel to the inner wall of the gathering bin 12, so that the crushed soil can move along the partition plate 211. The partition mechanism 2 can ensure the effective partition between the crushing bin 11 and the gathering bin 12 during the soil crushing process, avoiding uncrushed soil or incompletely crushed soil from entering the gathering bin 12, thereby improving the crushing quality of the soil.

[0051] Refer to Figure 3 and Figure 11 As shown in the figure: Two self-opening and closing components 42 are provided on the shaping tube 41. The two self-opening and closing components 42 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle plane of the shaping tube 41. The self-opening and closing component 42 is used to automatically open and close the shaping tube 41.

[0052] Specifically, the self-opening and closing component 42 includes a partition plate 421 and an elastic telescopic rod 422. The middle part of the partition plate 421 is pivotally connected to the shaping tube 41, and the two ends of the elastic telescopic rod 422 are respectively pivotally connected to the end of the partition plate 421 and the shaping tube 41.

[0053] After the soil is squeezed into the shaping tube 41, the partition plate 421 plays a role in hindering the soil to prevent the soil from directly falling out of the shaping tube 41. The soil in the shaping tube 41 is squeezed under the action of the partition plate 421 and the second feeding column 343. When the soil is squeezed to a certain compactness, the force exerted by the second feeding column 343 on the soil will be transmitted to the partition plate 421. When the force exerted by the second feeding column 343 on the partition plate 421 is greater than the force exerted by the elastic telescopic rod 422 on the partition plate 421, the partition plate 421 rotates around its pivot connection with the shaping tube 41, and the elastic telescopic rod 422 is compressed. After one end of the second feeding column 343 moves to the end of the shaping tube 41, the soil in the shaping tube 41 is completely discharged. At this time, the partition plate 421 only receives the force of the elastic telescopic rod 422, so that the partition plate 421 covers the end of the shaping tube 41 again, thereby preventing water from entering the shaping tube 41.

[0054] A compaction method, applied to an earthwork compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork ramming, includes the following steps: S1. Put the soil into the crushing bin 11, and the crushing structure 14 crushes the soil, breaking large pieces of soil into small pieces; S2. When it is necessary to fill the soil to the bottom of the water, the partition mechanism 2 works to connect the crushing bin 11 and the aggregation bin 12, and the small pieces of soil fall into the aggregation bin 12 and the discharge bin 13; S3. Then the aggregating mechanism 3 is started, and the lower pressing plate 32 moves towards the discharge bin 13, so that the soil below the lower pressing plate 32 is concentrated and pressed towards the discharge bin 13; S4. The stamping and discharging structure 35 moves above the discharge port where the soil needs to be discharged, and the stamping and discharging structure 35 drives the blanking assembly 34 to work, and the blanking assembly 34 discharges the soil from the corresponding discharge port; S5. Finally, the discharged soil is compacted.

[0055] The above embodiments only represent one or several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. An earthwork compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction, characterized in that: It comprises a soil storage box (1), a partition mechanism (2), a material gathering mechanism (3) and a shaping structure (4); The interior of the soil storage box (1) comprises, from top to bottom, a crushing bin (11), a gathering bin (12) and a discharge bin (13); a crushing structure (14) is arranged in the crushing bin (11); the gathering bin (12) is in a conical contraction shape with a larger top and a smaller bottom; and a plurality of discharge ports are arranged at the lower end of the discharge bin (13); The partition mechanism (2) is used to separate the crushing chamber (11) and the gathering chamber (12); The material gathering mechanism (3) comprises a cover body (31) which is arranged on the upper end of the soil storage box (1); a lower pressing plate (32) which is parallel to the discharge bin (13) is arranged inside the cover body (31); a plurality of discharge assemblies (34) which respectively correspond to the plurality of discharge ports are arranged on the lower pressing plate (32); and a stamping discharge structure (35) for driving the discharge assemblies (34) to work is arranged at the upper end of the cover body (31); A shaping structure (4) is provided at each of the plurality of discharge ports, and the shaping structure (4) comprises a shaping tube (41) connected to the discharge port.

2. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material gathering mechanism (3) further comprises an auxiliary material gathering component (33), wherein the auxiliary material gathering component (33) comprises two material gathering plates (331) and a plurality of control components (332); Two material gathering plates (331) are respectively arranged on both sides of the lower pressing plate (32), and the material gathering plates (331) are slidably connected to the lower pressing plate (32); A plurality of control components (332) are arranged at equal intervals on the lower pressing plate (32), and two ends of the control components (332) are respectively connected to the two material gathering plates (331).

3. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control assembly (332) comprises a first guide rod (3321) parallel to the lower pressing plate (32) and fixedly connected to the lower pressing plate (32), sliders (3322) are slidably provided at both ends of the first guide rod (3321), the sliders (3322) are connected to the material gathering plate (331), and two first springs (3323) are sleeved on the first guide rod (3321), and the two ends of the first spring (3323) are respectively abutted against the slider (3322) and the middle of the first guide rod (3321).

4. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material discharge assembly (34) comprises a first material discharge column (341) perpendicular to the lower pressing plate (32) and located above the lower pressing plate (32); the first material discharge column (341) is movably connected to the lower pressing plate (32); a reset guide assembly (342) is provided at one end of the first material discharge column (341); the reset guide assembly (342) is used to drive the first material discharge column (341) to reset to above the lower pressing plate (32).

5. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reset guide assembly (342) comprises a connecting plate (3421) connected to the end of the first material discharge column (341), a plurality of second guide rods (3422) are movably connected to the connecting plate (3421) at equal intervals, and the second guide rods (3422) are parallel to the first material discharge column (341), and each second guide rod (3422) is sleeved with a second spring (3423), and the two ends of the second spring (3423) are respectively in contact with the connecting plate (3421) and the lower pressure plate (32).

6. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A vertical groove is provided inside the first material discharge column (341) along the axial direction, and a second material discharge column (343) is movably arranged in the vertical groove. One end of the second material discharge column (343) extends out of the first material discharge column (341), and a third spring (344) is sleeved on the second material discharge column (343). Two ends of the third spring (344) are respectively in contact with the bottom and the top of the vertical groove.

7. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material gathering mechanism (3) comprises two downward pressing drive structures (36), the two downward pressing drive structures (36) being respectively arranged at two ends of the lower pressing plate (32), and the downward pressing drive structures (36) being used to drive the lower pressing plate (32) to move toward the gathering bin (12).

8. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partition mechanism (2) comprises two partition components (21) and a partition driving structure (22); Two partition assemblies (21) are symmetrically arranged inside the crushing chamber (11); The partition drive structure (22) is used to control the two partition components (21) to isolate the communication between the crushing chamber (11) and the gathering chamber (12).

9. The earthwork compaction equipment suitable for underwater earthwork compaction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two self-opening and closing components (42) are arranged on the shaping tube (41). The two self-opening and closing components (42) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle surface of the shaping tube (41). The self-opening and closing components (42) are used to automatically open and close the shaping tube (41).

10. A compaction method, applied to an earthwork compaction device suitable for underwater earthwork compaction as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, placing soil into a crushing chamber (11), and crushing the soil by a crushing structure (14), breaking large pieces of soil into small pieces; S2. When the soil needs to be filled to the bottom of the water, the partition mechanism (2) operates to connect the crushing bin (11) and the gathering bin (12), and small pieces of soil fall into the gathering bin (12) and the discharge bin (13); S3, the material gathering mechanism (3) is then started, and the lower pressing plate (32) moves toward the discharge bin (13), so that the soil below the lower pressing plate (32) is gathered and compacted toward the discharge bin (13); S4, the punching and discharging structure (35) moves to the upper side of the discharge port from which the soil needs to be discharged, the punching and discharging structure (35) drives the discharge assembly (34) to work, and the discharge assembly (34) discharges the soil from the corresponding discharge port; S5. Finally, compact the discharged soil.

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