Mixing lifting system with emergency protection function for coal mine vertical shaft

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine vertical shafts, in particular to a mixed lifting system with emergency protection for a coal mine vertical shaft, a shaft body comprises two shafts, a shaft sinking derrick is mounted at the top of the shaft body, and the mixed lifting system further comprises a second cage mounted in the other shaft through a lifting device and used for conveying workers; the speed reduction protection assembly is installed between the second cage and the shaft and used for conducting speed reduction braking on the second cage when the second cage moves abnormally; the speed detection system is used for detecting the moving speed and the accelerated speed of the second cage and recording the detected abnormal moving position of the second cage; according to the device, through the arrangement of the speed reduction protection assembly, the braking resistance of the first cage can be gradually increased, the situation that workers in the first cage are injured due to emergency braking of the first cage is avoided, and the safety of the first cage is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vertical shafts in coal mines, and particularly to a mixed hoisting system for vertical shafts in coal mines with emergency protection. Background Art

[0002] The mixed hoisting system for vertical shafts in coal mines is a comprehensive hoisting device for simultaneously hoisting coal, gangue, personnel, and equipment. It plays a crucial role in modern coal mine exploitation, ensuring the safe and efficient transportation of materials and personnel inside and outside the mine.

[0003] When the mixed hoisting system for vertical shafts in coal mines transports staff, if the cage descends rapidly due to an abnormality during transportation, the rapid descent of the cage will pose a risk of injury to the staff inside. Therefore, it is necessary to apply emergency braking to the cage. However, if the braking speed of the cage is too fast, it will cause too large an impact on the cage, still posing a risk of injury to the staff inside. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the drawbacks existing in the prior art, and to propose a mixed hoisting system for vertical shafts in coal mines with emergency protection.

[0005] The present invention provides a mixed hoisting system for vertical shafts in coal mines with emergency protection, including a shaft body. The shaft body includes two shaft wells, and a sinking headframe is installed at the top of the shaft body. It further includes:

[0006] A first cage, installed inside one of the shaft wells through a hoisting device, for transporting goods;

[0007] A second cage, installed inside the other shaft well through a hoisting device, for transporting staff;

[0008] A deceleration protection component, installed between the second cage and the shaft well, for decelerating and braking the second cage when it moves abnormally;

[0009] A speed detection system, for detecting the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage, and recording the position where the abnormal movement of the second cage is detected;

[0010] A control system, for controlling the part of the detection protection component located below the second cage to start when the speed detection system detects abnormal movement of the second cage, so as to provide emergency protection for the second cage;

[0011] The speed detection system detects the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage. The speed detection system includes a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor. The moving speed of the second cage is detected by the speed sensor, and the acceleration of the second cage is detected by the acceleration sensor. The staff inputs the set speed threshold and the set acceleration threshold through the user terminal of the control system. When the speed detection system detects that the moving speed of the second cage exceeds the speed threshold, the control system controls the lifting device to decelerate the second cage, and at the same time detects the acceleration of the second cage. If, after controlling the deceleration, the speed of the second cage still exceeds the speed threshold and the speed detection system detects that the acceleration of the second cage is still a positive acceleration, the control system controls the deceleration protection component to start immediately. At this time, the speed detection system transports the position where the speed of the second cage exceeds the speed threshold to the control system, so that the deceleration protection component starts at the position below the second cage;

[0012] The deceleration protection component decelerates and brakes the second cage. During the deceleration process of the deceleration protection component, the braking deceleration with gradually increasing friction force is adopted, which is beneficial to avoid the situation that the staff inside the second cage has potential safety hazards due to the rapid deceleration of the second cage in a short time. And after the deceleration braking, the second cage is driven downward to the bottom of the shaft, so that the second cage drives the staff inside to fall safely, which is beneficial to avoid the injury of the staff inside the second cage and is beneficial to improving the safety of the second cage

[0013] Preferably, the deceleration protection component includes:

[0014] Four upper friction components, which are respectively installed on the four vertical side walls of the second cage;

[0015] Four groups of lower friction components, with several lower friction components in a group, which are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the shaft. Each group of the lower friction components is arranged in a linear array. The upper friction components are adapted to the lower friction components. When the upper friction components and the lower friction components are triggered to face each other, part of the gravity of the second cage and the internal personnel is applied between the upper friction components and the lower friction components;

[0016] A lower driving component, which is used to slowly drive the second cage to the bottom of the shaft after the second cage stops under the action of friction deceleration;

[0017] A bottom support component, which is installed at the bottom of the shaft and is used to buffer and shock-absorb the second cage after it descends to the bottom of the shaft;

[0018] When the deceleration protection component is activated, all the upper friction components start to extend. At the same time, all the lower friction components located below the second cage also start to extend. After the upper friction components extend, they press against the lower friction components as the second cage descends, causing a frictional force to be generated between the upper friction components and the lower friction components under the action of the gravity of the first cage. Thus, a braking resistance is generated on the first cage through the frictional force, thereby braking the first cage. Moreover, the friction surface between the upper friction components and the lower friction components is inclined, so that as the first cage moves downward, the lateral acting force between the upper friction components and the lower friction components gradually increases, thereby gradually increasing the resistance to the first cage. This is beneficial for enabling the first cage to gradually increase the braking resistance, which helps to avoid the situation where the internal staff of the first cage is injured due to an emergency braking of the first cage, thus improving the safety of the first cage. After the first cage completely stops, the control system controls the lower drive component to start. After the lower drive component starts, it drives the first cage to slowly move downward, driving the first cage to descend to the bottom of the shaft, thereby driving the staff to land safely, which helps to avoid the situation where the first cage and the internal staff hover in mid-air, causing a safety hazard. The bottom support component can buffer and support the bottom of the first cage when the first cage descends to the bottom of the shaft, which is beneficial for improving the safety of the first cage.

[0019] Preferably, the upper friction component includes:

[0020] A first installation groove is formed on the side wall of the second cage, and a plurality of second insertion pipes are fixed on the side wall of the first installation groove;

[0021] A first friction block is horizontally and slidably installed inside the first installation groove. On the side of the first friction block facing away from the first installation groove, there is a friction surface with an inclined downward slope. On the side of the first friction block facing the first installation groove, a plurality of first insertion pipes are fixed, and the first insertion pipes are inserted and adapted to the second insertion pipes;

[0022] A plurality of first springs are fixed between the first installation groove and the first friction block. A telescopic third insertion pipe is sleeved outside the first spring, and both ends of the third insertion pipe are fixed to the first installation groove and the first friction block respectively;

[0023] When the second cage drives the first friction block to descend, the first friction block abuts against the lower friction assembly, so that friction force is generated between the lower friction assembly and the first friction block, and due to the inclined setting of the first friction block, the gravity of the second cage will partially act between the first friction block and the lower friction assembly, thereby providing a squeezing force between the first friction block and the lower friction assembly, thereby increasing the friction force between the first friction block and the lower friction assembly, and when the first friction block impacts downward on the lower friction assembly, the first spring can generate an elastic force through its own compression to buffer the impact force generated between the first friction block and the lower friction assembly, thereby facilitating the reduction of the impact force generated during contact and collision, and the inclined setting of the first friction block makes it possible for the gravity component of the second cage to be compressed by the first spring when the first friction block initially contacts the lower friction assembly and will not be fully applied to the lower friction assembly, thereby making the force between the first friction block and the lower friction assembly gradually increase as the second cage descends, thereby facilitating the braking of the second cage to be non-instantaneous, thereby facilitating the avoidance of excessive impact force on the second cage, thereby facilitating the improvement of the safety of the second cage.

[0024] Preferably, the upper friction assembly further comprises:

[0025] A limiting assembly, installed between the first installation slot and the first friction block, and used for limiting an initial position of the first friction block;

[0026] The limiting component comprises:

[0027] A plurality of rotating racks, rotatably mounted on the side wall of the first mounting groove;

[0028] A plurality of groups of magnetic limit blocks are symmetrically fixed on the side walls of each of the rotating frames;

[0029] A plurality of first clearance openings are respectively opened through the side wall of the first friction block, and the magnetic limit block extends through the first clearance openings to the interior of the inner cavity provided inside the first friction block;

[0030] A plurality of first electromagnets are installed inside the inner cavity and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the magnetic limit blocks, and are used to drive the magnetic limit blocks to rotate through magnetic force after power is turned on;

[0031] When the magnetic limit block is stuck in the first relief opening and not aligned with it, due to the limiting effect of the magnetic limit block, the first friction block shrinks inside the first installation groove, so that the first friction block will not protrude to hinder the movement of the second cage when not in use. When the first friction block needs to protrude for use, the control system controls the first electromagnet to be powered on and start. After the first electromagnet is powered on, it generates a magnetic force, which drives the magnetic limit block to rotate under the support of the rotating frame through the magnetic force. By adjusting the direction of the current passing through the first electromagnet, the magnetic direction of the first electromagnet can be controlled. By controlling the rotation direction of the magnetic limit block, when the magnetic limit block rotates to align with the first relief opening, under the elastic force of the first spring, the first friction block is pushed out, so that the first friction block can protrude when in use.

[0032] Preferably, the lower friction assembly includes:

[0033] A second installation groove is opened on the side wall of the shaft;

[0034] A second friction block is slidably installed inside the second installation groove. On the side of the second friction block facing away from the second installation groove, there is a friction surface with an upward slope;

[0035] A sliding plate is slidably installed on the side of the second friction block facing the second installation groove. A blocking strip for restricting the moving distance of the sliding plate is also fixed to the edge of the second friction block;

[0036] A number of second springs are fixed between the second friction block and the sliding plate;

[0037] A plurality of first cylinders are fixed inside the second installation groove and are used to drive the sliding plate to move;

[0038] After the first cylinder is started, it pushes the sliding plate to move through the telescopic rod. The sliding plate pushes the second friction block to move through the second spring, so that the second friction block can move out of the second installation groove, so that the second friction block can extend to directly below the protruding first friction block, so that when the first friction block moves downward, it can squeeze on the second friction block. The frictional forces between the second friction block and the first friction block are both inclined, and the frictional forces are opposite when in contact, so that the frictional force generated between the second friction block and the first friction block brakes the second cage. And because the second friction block and the first friction block are vertically aligned, the second friction block will generate a vertical supporting force on the first friction block, which is beneficial to the frictional force between the second friction block and the first friction block increasing gradually as the first friction block slides down along the second friction block, and the supporting force of the second friction block on the first friction block increasing gradually, which is beneficial to gradually increasing the braking force on the second cage, and thus beneficial to the smooth braking of the second cage;

[0039] The sliding plate and the second friction block are elastically supported by the second spring, so that the support between the second friction block and the first friction block when in contact is a bidirectional buffer support, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the second cage during braking.

[0040] Preferably, the lower drive assembly comprises:

[0041] A plurality of pulleys are respectively mounted on four vertical side walls of the second cage through brackets;

[0042] Four slide rails are fixed at the four corners of the shaft, and the pulleys are adapted to the slide rails;

[0043] A plurality of third mounting grooves are respectively provided on four vertical side walls of the second cage;

[0044] A plurality of second cylinders are respectively fixed inside the third mounting grooves, and brake pads are fixed at the ends of the telescopic rods of all the second cylinders;

[0045] After the second cage stops completely, the second cylinder is controlled to start, so that the second cylinder drives the brake pad to start, and the brake pad is extended to the side wall of the wellbore, so that friction is generated between the brake pad and the side wall of the wellbore to balance the gravity of the second cage, so that the second cage gradually descends under the rolling action of the pulley, so that the second cage can descend smoothly, which is conducive to the second cage slowly descending to the bottom of the wellbore with the staff, thereby helping to avoid the situation where the staff are suspended in mid-air and cause safety hazards.

[0046] Preferably, the lower friction assembly further comprises:

[0047] A plurality of cylinders are fixed on the side wall of the second mounting groove, and all penetrate through the sliding plate and are slidably plugged with the second friction block;

[0048] A plurality of plug-in blocks are slidably mounted on the side wall of the sliding plate, a fixing plate is fixed on the side wall of the plug-in block, a third spring is fixed between the fixing plate and the side wall of the cylinder, and a slope is provided on the side of the plug-in block facing away from the cylinder;

[0049] A plurality of plug-in slots are respectively provided on the side walls of each of the cylinders, and the plug-in slots are adapted to the plug-in blocks;

[0050] A plurality of wedge blocks are arranged corresponding to the plug-in blocks one by one and are all installed on the second friction block, the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks face the corresponding inclined surfaces, and a second clearance opening for making way for the wedge blocks is opened on the side wall of the sliding plate;

[0051] A plurality of yielding drive mechanisms are installed between the wedge block and the second friction block, and are used to drive each of the wedge blocks to rotate and yield respectively;

[0052] After the second friction block is stressed, the second friction block presses the second spring and approaches the sliding plate, causing the second friction block to drive the wedge block to move through the second relief opening towards the insertion block. The inclined surface provided at the top of the insertion block causes the wedge block to push the insertion block into the insertion slot towards the inside when moving towards the insertion block, so that the insertion block is inserted into the inside of the insertion slot to achieve limiting. Thus, after the second friction block is pressed, the position of the sliding plate can be limited, which helps to avoid the situation where all the forces on the sliding plate are concentrated on the first cylinder, resulting in obstacles to the first cylinder, and is conducive to maintaining the stability of the sliding plate after the second friction block is pressed;

[0053] And when it is necessary to retract the second friction block, the control system controls the relief driving mechanism to start. The relief driving mechanism drives the insertion block to make way, so that the compressed third spring pushes the fixing plate to drive the insertion block to reset, enabling the first cylinder to drive the second friction block and the sliding plate to reset.

[0054] Preferably, the relief assembly includes:

[0055] A rotating ring, rotatably mounted on the side wall of the second friction block;

[0056] A magnetic block, fixed to the side wall of the rotating ring;

[0057] A second electromagnet, fixed to the side wall of the second friction block, which pushes the second friction block to rotate through magnetic force after being energized;

[0058] After the second electromagnet is energized, it generates magnetism, thereby driving the magnetic block to rotate under the support of the rotating ring through magnetic force, so that the rotating ring drives the wedge block to rotate and make way, so that the wedge block no longer pushes the insertion block after making way, enabling the insertion block to reset smoothly.

[0059] Preferably, it further includes:

[0060] Multiple groups of friction strips. Several of the friction strips are in a group, and the friction strips in the same group are respectively fixed in a linear array on the friction surface of the first friction block or the second friction block;

[0061] The friction strips on the first friction block are misaligned with the friction strips on the second friction block, and when the first friction block abuts against the second friction block, the friction strips on both of them are in contact with each other. Both ends of all the friction strips are rounded;

[0062] The setting of multiple groups of friction strips enables the friction strips on the first friction block and the second friction block to come into contact with each other when the first friction block abuts against the second friction block, increasing the contact area, thereby increasing the frictional force generated when the first friction block abuts against the second friction block, which is conducive to improving the success rate of braking the second cage and ensuring the braking of the second cage.

[0063] Preferably, it further includes:

[0064] When the speed detection system detects that the second cage moves abnormally, the control system is used to control the triggering and starting of the part of the deceleration protection component located below the second cage;

[0065] After the second cage stops, the control system controls the lower drive component to start;

[0066] A distance sensor, installed inside a groove formed on the friction surface of the second friction block, is used to detect the distance between the second friction block and the second cage;

[0067] When the lower drive component starts, the control system is used to control the distance sensor to start;

[0068] When the distance sensor detects that the distance between the second friction block and the second cage is less than a preset value and the speed detection system detects that the downward driving speed of the second cage is normal, the control system controls the corresponding second friction block to retract and reset;

[0069] The control system controls the triggering and starting of the part of the deceleration protection component located below the second cage, so that only the second friction block located below the second cage will extend for braking, which is conducive to avoiding the situation where the second friction block above extends to do useless work and waste driving force, and is conducive to avoiding the situation where the second friction block flush with the second cage extends and causes a failure;

[0070] After the second cage stops, the control system controls the lower drive component to start, so that the lower drive component drives the second cage to slowly descend for braking, which is conducive to avoiding the situation where the second cage drives the staff to hang in the air;

[0071] When the second cage descends normally, the second friction blocks below are controlled to retract in sequence to avoid the second friction blocks from hindering the continuous descent of the second cage, while the second friction blocks that the second cage has not reached remain extended, so that if the second cage fails again during the descent, the extended second friction blocks can brake in time, which is conducive to avoiding the situation where the second cage drives the staff to descend abnormally and fall to the bottom.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] 1. Through the setting of the deceleration protection component, the first cage can gradually increase the braking resistance, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the internal staff of the first cage is injured due to emergency braking of the first cage, thus improving the safety of the first cage.

[0074] 2. Through the setting of the limit component, the first friction block extends out when needed and does not extend out to hinder the movement of the second cage when not in use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0076] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0077] Figure 3 It is of the present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at A in it.

[0078] Figure 4 It is of the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at B in it.

[0079] Figure 5 It is of the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at C in it.

[0080] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0081] Figure 7 It is of the present invention Figure 6 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at D in it.

[0082] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure after the overall section of the present invention.

[0083] Figure 9 It is of the present invention Figure 8 The enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at E in it.

[0084] In the figure: 1. sinking derrick; 101. well body; 2. first cage; 3. second cage; 301. hoisting device; 4. first friction block; 401. first installation groove; 402. first insertion pipe; 403. second insertion pipe; 404. first spring; 405. third insertion pipe; 5. magnetic limit block; 501. rotating frame; 502. first relief opening; 503. first electromagnet; 6. second friction block; 601. second installation groove; 602. first cylinder; 7. sliding plate; 701. second spring; 702. blocking strip; 8. pulley; 801. slide rail; 9. brake pad; 901. third installation groove; 902. second cylinder; 10. insertion block; 1001. insertion slot; 1002. fixing plate; 1003. third spring; 1004. wedge block; 1005. second relief opening; 1006. inclined surface; 11. rotating ring; 1101. magnetic block; 1102. second electromagnet; 12. friction strip. Detailed implementation manner

[0085] The following description is used to disclose the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations.

[0086] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, a hybrid hoisting system for a vertical shaft in a coal mine with emergency protection includes a well body 101. The well body 101 includes two shafts. A sinking derrick 1 is installed at the top of the well body 101. It further includes:

[0087] A first cage 2, which is installed inside one of the shafts through a hoisting device 301 and is used for transporting goods;

[0088] A second cage 3, which is installed inside the other shaft through a hoisting device 301 and is used for transporting staff;

[0089] A deceleration protection assembly, which is installed between the second cage 3 and the shaft and is used for decelerating and braking the second cage 3 when its movement is abnormal;

[0090] A speed detection system, which is used for detecting the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage 3 and recording the position where the abnormal movement of the second cage 3 is detected;

[0091] A control system, which is used for controlling the part of the detection and protection assembly located below the second cage 3 to start when the speed detection system detects that the movement of the second cage 3 is abnormal, so as to provide emergency protection for the second cage 3;

[0092] When the vertical mixed hoisting system in a coal mine transports staff, if the cage descends rapidly due to an abnormality during transportation, the rapid descent of the cage will pose a risk of injury to the internal staff. Therefore, it is necessary to apply emergency braking to the cage. However, if the braking speed of the cage is too fast, it will cause too much impact on the cage and still pose a risk of injury to the internal staff;

[0093] This embodiment of the present invention can solve the above problems. The specific implementation method is as follows: The speed detection system detects the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage 3. The speed detection system includes a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor. The moving speed of the second cage 3 is detected by the speed sensor, and the acceleration of the second cage 3 is detected by the acceleration sensor. The staff inputs the set speed threshold and set acceleration threshold through the user terminal of the control system. When the speed detection system detects that the moving speed of the second cage 3 exceeds the speed threshold, the control system controls the hoisting device 301 to decelerate the second cage 3, and at the same time detects the acceleration of the second cage 3. If, after controlling the deceleration, the speed of the second cage 3 still exceeds the speed threshold and the speed detection system detects that the acceleration of the second cage 3 is still a positive acceleration, the control system controls the deceleration protection component to start immediately. At this time, the speed detection system transmits the position where the speed of the second cage 3 exceeds the speed threshold to the control system, so that the deceleration protection component starts at a position below the second cage 3;

[0094] The deceleration protection component decelerates and brakes the second cage 3. During the deceleration process of the deceleration protection component, the braking deceleration with gradually increasing friction force is adopted, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the internal staff of the second cage 3 has potential safety hazards due to rapid deceleration in a short time. And after the deceleration braking, it drives the second cage 3 to descend to the bottom of the shaft, so that the second cage 3 drives the internal staff to fall safely, which is beneficial to avoiding injury to the internal staff of the second cage 3 and is beneficial to improving the safety of the second cage 3;

[0095] The control system includes a user terminal and a controller;

[0096] It should be noted that the hoisting device 301 adopts an existing hoisting system for vertically driving the first cage 2 and the second cage 3 here. Since it adopts the existing technology, it will not be elaborated here.

[0097] As an alternative embodiment, the deceleration protection component includes:

[0098] Four upper friction components, which are respectively installed on the four vertical side walls of the second cage 3;

[0099] Four sets of lower friction components, with several lower friction components in one set, are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the shaft. Each set of lower friction components is arranged in a linear array. The upper friction component is adapted to the lower friction component. When the upper friction component and the lower friction component are triggered to be relative, part of the gravity of the second cage 3 and the internal personnel is applied between the upper friction component and the lower friction component;

[0100] The lower driving component is used to slowly drive the second cage 3 to descend to the bottom of the shaft after the second cage 3 stops under the action of friction deceleration;

[0101] The bottom support component is installed at the bottom of the shaft and is used to buffer and shock-absorb the second cage 3 after it descends to the bottom of the shaft;

[0102] When the deceleration protection component is started, all the upper friction components are started to extend. At the same time, all the lower friction components located below the second cage 3 are started to extend. After the upper friction component extends, it abuts on the lower friction component as the second cage 3 descends, so that a frictional force is generated between the upper friction component and the lower friction component under the action of the gravity of the first cage 2. Thus, a braking resistance is generated on the first cage 2 through the frictional force, thereby braking the first cage 2. And the friction surface between the upper friction component and the lower friction component is inclined, so that as the first cage 2 moves downward, the lateral acting force between the upper friction component and the lower friction component gradually increases, thereby gradually increasing the resistance to the first cage 2, which is beneficial to enabling the first cage 2 to gradually increase the braking resistance, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the internal staff of the first cage 2 is injured due to emergency braking of the first cage 2, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the first cage 2. After the first cage 2 completely stops, the control system controls the lower driving component to start. After the lower driving component starts, it drives the first cage 2 to slowly move downward, drives the first cage 2 to descend to the bottom of the shaft, thereby driving the staff to land safely, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the first cage 2 and the internal staff hover in the air and cause potential safety hazards. The bottom support component can buffer and support the bottom of the first cage 2 when the first cage 2 descends to the bottom of the shaft, which is beneficial to improving the safety of the first cage 2.

[0103] As an optional embodiment, the upper friction component includes:

[0104] The first installation groove 401 is opened on the side wall of the second cage 3, and a plurality of second insertion pipes 403 are fixed on the side wall of the first installation groove 401;

[0105] The first friction block 4 is horizontally and slidably installed inside the first installation groove 401. On the side of the first friction block 4 facing away from the first installation groove 401, there is a friction surface with a downward slope. On the side of the first friction block 4 facing the first installation groove 401, a plurality of first insertion pipes 402 are fixed, and the first insertion pipes 402 are adapted to be inserted into the second insertion pipes 403;

[0106] A plurality of first springs 404 are fixed between the first installation groove 401 and the first friction block 4. An expandable third insertion pipe 405 is sleeved outside the first spring 404, and both ends of the third insertion pipe 405 are fixed to the first installation groove 401 and the first friction block 4 respectively;

[0107] When the second cage 3 drives the first friction block 4 to descend, the first friction block 4 abuts against the lower friction assembly, so that a frictional force is generated between the lower friction assembly and the first friction block 4. And due to the inclined setting of the first friction block 4, part of the gravity of the second cage 3 will act between the first friction block 4 and the lower friction assembly, thereby providing an extrusion force between the first friction block 4 and the lower friction assembly, thus increasing the frictional force between the first friction block 4 and the lower friction assembly. And when the first friction block 4 impacts downward on the lower friction assembly, the first spring 404 can generate an elastic acting force through its own compression to buffer the impact force generated by the first friction block 4 on the lower friction assembly, which is beneficial to reducing the impact force generated during contact impact. And the inclined setting of the first friction block 4 makes the gravity component force of the second cage 3 not fully applied to the lower friction assembly when the first friction block 4 initially contacts the lower friction assembly due to the compression of the first spring 404. Thus, the acting force between the first friction block 4 and the lower friction assembly gradually increases as the second cage 3 descends, which is beneficial to making the braking of the second cage 3 not instantaneous, beneficial to avoiding excessive impact force on the second cage 3, and thus beneficial to improving the safety of the second cage 3.

[0108] As an alternative embodiment, the upper friction assembly further includes:

[0109] A limiting assembly, installed between the first installation groove 401 and the first friction block 4, for limiting the initial position of the first friction block 4;

[0110] The limiting assembly includes:

[0111] A plurality of rotating frames 501 are rotatably installed on the side wall of the first installation groove 401;

[0112] Multiple groups of magnetic limiting blocks 5 are symmetrically fixed to the side walls of each rotating frame 501 respectively;

[0113] A plurality of first yielding openings 502 are respectively formed through the side wall of the first friction block 4, and the magnetic limiting block 5 passes through the first yielding opening 502 and extends into the inner cavity arranged inside the first friction block 4;

[0114] A plurality of first electromagnets 503 are installed inside the inner cavity and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic limiting block 5, and are used to drive the magnetic limiting block 5 to rotate through magnetic force after being electrified;

[0115] When the magnetic limiting block 5 is stuck in the first yielding opening 502 and not aligned with the first yielding opening 502, due to the limiting effect of the magnetic limiting block 5, the first friction block 4 contracts inside the first installation groove 401, so that the first friction block 4 will not protrude to hinder the movement of the second cage 3 when not in use. When the first friction block 4 needs to protrude for use, the control system controls the first electromagnet 503 to be powered on and started. After the first electromagnet 503 is powered on, it generates magnetic force, thereby driving the magnetic limiting block 5 to rotate under the support of the rotating frame 501 through the magnetic force. By adjusting the direction of the energizing current of the first electromagnet 503, the magnetic direction of the first electromagnet 503 can be controlled. By controlling the rotation direction of the magnetic limiting block 5, when the magnetic limiting block 5 rotates to align with the first yielding opening 502, under the elastic force of the first spring 404, the first friction block 4 is pushed to protrude, so that the first friction block 4 can protrude when in use.

[0116] As an optional embodiment, the lower friction assembly includes:

[0117] A second installation groove 601 is formed on the side wall of the shaft;

[0118] A second friction block 6 is slidably installed inside the second installation groove 601, and a friction surface with an upward slope is formed on the side of the second friction block 6 facing away from the second installation groove 601;

[0119] A sliding plate 7 is slidably installed on the side of the second friction block 6 facing the second installation groove 601, and a blocking strip 702 for restricting the moving distance of the sliding plate 7 is further fixed to the edge of the second friction block 6;

[0120] A number of second springs 701 are fixed between the second friction block 6 and the sliding plate 7;

[0121] A plurality of first cylinders 602 are fixed inside the second installation groove 601 and are used to drive the sliding plate 7 to move;

[0122] After the first cylinder 602 is activated, it pushes the sliding plate 7 through the telescopic rod. The sliding plate 7 pushes the second friction block 6 through the second spring 701, so that the second friction block 6 can move out of the second installation groove 601, enabling the second friction block 6 to extend to directly below the extended first friction block 4. When the first friction block 4 moves downward, it can squeeze on the second friction block 6. The frictional forces between the second friction block 6 and the first friction block 4 are both inclined, and the frictional forces are opposite when they come into contact, so that the frictional force generated between the second friction block 6 and the first friction block 4 brakes the second cage 3. And because the second friction block 6 and the first friction block 4 are vertically aligned, the second friction block 6 will generate a vertical supporting force on the first friction block 4. Therefore, when the first friction block 4 slides downward along the second friction block 6, the frictional force between the second friction block 6 and the first friction block 4 gradually increases, and the supporting force of the second friction block 6 on the first friction block 4 gradually increases. This is beneficial to gradually increasing the braking force on the second cage 3, thus facilitating the smooth braking of the second cage 3;

[0123] Due to the elastic support of the second spring 701 between the sliding plate 7 and the second friction block 6, the support when the second friction block 6 and the first friction block 4 come into contact is a two-way buffer support, which is beneficial to improving the stability when the second cage 3 is braked.

[0124] As an alternative embodiment, the lower drive assembly includes:

[0125] A plurality of pulleys 8, which are respectively installed on the four vertical side walls of the second cage 3 through brackets;

[0126] Four slide rails 801, which are fixed at the four corners of the shaft. The pulleys 8 are adapted to the slide rails 801;

[0127] A plurality of third installation grooves 901, which are respectively opened on the four vertical side walls of the second cage 3;

[0128] A plurality of second cylinders 902, which are respectively fixed inside each of the third installation grooves 901. The end parts of the telescopic rods of all the second cylinders 902 are fixed with brake pads 9;

[0129] After the second cage 3 completely stops, control the second cylinder 902 to start, so that the second cylinder 902 drives the brake pad 9 to start. The brake pad 9 extends and abuts against the side wall of the shaft, so that a frictional force is generated between the brake pad 9 and the side wall of the shaft to balance the gravity of the second cage 3. Thus, the second cage 3 gradually descends under the rolling action of the pulleys 8, so that the second cage 3 can descend smoothly, which is beneficial to enabling the second cage 3 to slowly descend with the staff to the bottom of the shaft, thus helping to avoid the situation where the staff hovers in mid-air and causes potential safety hazards.

[0130] As an alternative embodiment, the lower friction assembly further includes:

[0131] Several cylinders are fixed on the side wall of the second installation groove 601, all penetrate through the sliding plate 7 and are slidably inserted into the second friction block 6;

[0132] A plurality of insertion blocks 10 are all slidably installed on the side wall of the sliding plate 7. Fixed plates 1002 are fixed on the side walls of the insertion blocks 10. A third spring 1003 is jointly fixed between the fixed plate 1002 and the side wall of the cylinder. Oblique surfaces 1006 are formed on the sides of the insertion blocks 10 facing away from the cylinder;

[0133] A plurality of insertion slots 1001 are respectively formed on the side walls of the respective cylinders, and the insertion slots 1001 are adapted to the insertion blocks 10;

[0134] A plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 1004 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the insertion blocks 10, and are all installed on the second friction block 6. The inclined surfaces of the wedge-shaped blocks 1004 face the corresponding inclined surfaces 1006. A second relief opening 1005 for the wedge-shaped blocks 1004 to give way is formed on the side wall of the sliding plate 7;

[0135] A plurality of relief driving mechanisms are installed between the wedge-shaped blocks 1004 and the second friction block 6, and are used to respectively drive the respective wedge-shaped blocks 1004 to rotate and give way;

[0136] After the second friction block 6 is stressed, the second friction block 6 squeezes the second spring 701 and approaches the sliding plate 7, so that the second friction block 6 drives the wedge-shaped block 1004 to move through the second relief opening 1005 towards the insertion block 10. The inclined surface 1006 provided at the top of the insertion block 10 enables the wedge-shaped block 1004 to push the insertion block 10 into the interior of the insertion slot 1001 through the action of the inclined surface 1006 when moving towards the insertion block 10, so that the insertion block 10 is inserted into the interior of the insertion slot 1001 to achieve limiting. Thus, after the second friction block 6 is pressed, the position of the sliding plate 7 can be limited, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that all the forces on the sliding plate 7 are concentrated on the first cylinder 602, resulting in obstacles to the first cylinder 602, and is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the sliding plate 7 after the second friction block 6 is pressed;

[0137] And when it is necessary to retract the second friction block 6, the control system controls the relief driving mechanism to start. The relief driving mechanism drives the insertion block 10 to give way, so that the compressed third spring 1003 pushes the fixed plate 1002 to drive the insertion block 10 to reset, so that the first cylinder 602 can drive the second friction block 6 and the sliding plate 7 to reset.

[0138] As an alternative embodiment, the relief assembly includes:

[0139] A rotating ring 11 is rotatably installed on the side wall of the second friction block 6;

[0140] The magnetic block 1101 is fixed to the side wall of the rotating ring 11;

[0141] The second electromagnet 1102 is fixed to the side wall of the second friction block 6, and after being energized, it drives the second friction block 6 to rotate through magnetic force;

[0142] After the second electromagnet 1102 is energized, it generates magnetism, thereby driving the magnetic block 1101 to rotate under the support of the rotating ring 11 through magnetic force, so that the rotating ring 11 drives the wedge block 1004 to rotate and give way, so that the wedge block 1004 no longer pushes the plug block 10 after giving way, and the plug block 10 can be reset smoothly.

[0143] As an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0144] Multiple groups of friction strips 12, with several friction strips 12 in a group, and the friction strips 12 in the same group are respectively fixed on the friction surfaces of the first friction block 4 or the second friction block 6 in a linear array;

[0145] The friction strips 12 on the first friction block 4 are offset from the friction strips 12 on the second friction block 6, and when the first friction block 4 abuts against the second friction block 6, the friction strips 12 on both of them are in contact with each other, and both ends of all the friction strips 12 are rounded;

[0146] The arrangement of multiple groups of friction strips 12 makes the friction strips 12 on the first friction block 4 and the second friction block 6 in contact with each other when they abut against each other, increasing the contact area, thereby increasing the frictional force generated when the first friction block 4 abuts against the second friction block 6, which is beneficial to improving the success rate of braking the second cage 3 and ensuring the braking of the second cage 3.

[0147] As an alternative embodiment, it further includes:

[0148] When the speed detection system detects that the second cage 3 moves abnormally, the control system controls the part of the deceleration protection component located below the second cage 3 to be triggered and started, so that the second friction block 6 located below the second cage 3 will extend to brake, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the upper second friction block 6 extends to do useless work and waste driving force, and is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the second friction block 6 flush with the second cage 3 extends to cause a failure;

[0149] After the second cage 3 stops, the control system controls the lower driving component to start, so that the lower driving component drives the second cage 3 to slowly descend for braking, which is beneficial to avoiding the situation that the second cage 3 drives the staff to hang in the air;

[0150] The distance sensor is installed inside the groove formed on the friction surface of the second friction block 6, and is used to detect the distance between the second friction block 6 and the second cage 3;

[0151] When the lower driving component is started, the control system is used to control the distance sensor to start;

[0152] When the distance sensor detects that the distance between the second friction block 6 and the second cage 3 is less than a preset value, and the speed detection system detects that the downward driving speed of the second cage 3 is normal, the control system controls the corresponding second friction block 6 to retract and reset;

[0153] When the second cage 3 descends normally, the lower second friction blocks 6 are controlled to retract in sequence to prevent the second friction blocks 6 from hindering the continuous descent of the second cage 3, while the second friction blocks 6 that the second cage 3 has not reached remain extended. Thus, if the second cage 3 fails again during the descent, the extended second friction blocks 6 can brake in time, which helps to prevent the situation where the second cage 3 drives the staff to descend to the bottom abnormally and fall.

[0154] The working principle of the present invention: The speed detection system detects the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage 3. The speed detection system includes a speed sensor and an acceleration sensor. The moving speed of the second cage 3 is detected by the speed sensor, and the acceleration of the second cage 3 is detected by the acceleration sensor. The staff inputs the set speed threshold and set acceleration threshold through the user terminal of the control system. When the speed detection system detects that the moving speed of the second cage 3 exceeds the speed threshold, the control system controls the lifting device 301 to decelerate the second cage 3, and at the same time detects the acceleration of the second cage 3. If after controlling the deceleration, the speed of the second cage 3 still exceeds the speed threshold, and the speed detection system detects that the acceleration of the second cage 3 is still a positive acceleration, the control system controls the deceleration protection component to start immediately. At this time, the speed detection system conveys the position where the speed of the second cage 3 exceeds the speed threshold to the control system, so that the deceleration protection component starts at the position below the second cage 3;

[0155] The deceleration protection component decelerates and brakes the second cage 3. During the deceleration process of the deceleration protection component, the braking deceleration with gradually increasing friction is adopted, which helps to prevent the situation where the second cage 3 decelerates rapidly in a short time, posing a safety hazard to the staff inside the second cage 3. And after the deceleration braking, the second cage 3 is driven downward to the bottom of the shaft, so that the second cage 3 drives the staff inside to fall safely, which helps to prevent the staff inside the second cage 3 from being injured and improves the safety of the second cage 3.

[0156] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements will occur to the present invention, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed.

Claims

1. A hybrid hoisting system for a coal mine shaft with emergency protection, comprising a shaft body (101), wherein the shaft body (101) comprises two shafts, and a shaft sinking frame (1) is installed on the top of the shaft body (101), characterized in that: Also includes: A first cage (2) is installed inside one of the shafts via a lifting device (301) and is used to transport goods; A second cage (3) is installed inside another shaft through a lifting device (301) and is used to transport workers; A deceleration protection assembly is installed between the second cage (3) and the shaft, and is used to decelerate and brake the second cage (3) when it moves abnormally; A speed detection system, used for detecting the moving speed and acceleration of the second cage (3), and recording the position where the abnormal movement of the second cage (3) is detected; A control system is used to control the part of the detection and protection component located below the second cage (3) to start up when the speed detection system detects that the second cage (3) moves abnormally, so as to provide emergency protection for the second cage (3).

2. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shafts with emergency protection according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deceleration protection component comprises: Four upper friction assemblies are respectively mounted on four vertical side walls of the second cage (3); Four groups of lower friction components, a plurality of the lower friction components form a group, and are respectively arranged on the four side walls of the wellbore, each group of the lower friction components is arranged in a linear array, the upper friction components are adapted to the lower friction components, and when the upper friction components are triggered relative to the lower friction components, part of the gravity of the second cage (3) and the personnel inside is applied between the upper friction components and the lower friction components; A lower drive assembly, used for slowly driving the second cage (3) to descend to the bottom of the shaft after the second cage (3) stops due to friction deceleration; A bottom support assembly is installed at the bottom of the shaft and is used to buffer and reduce shock of the second cage (3) after it descends to the bottom of the shaft.

3. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper friction assembly comprises: A first installation groove (401) is provided on the side wall of the second cage (3), and a plurality of second plug-in tubes (403) are fixed on the side wall of the first installation groove (401); A first friction block (4) is installed in a transversely sliding manner inside the first installation groove (401); a friction surface inclined downward is provided on a side of the first friction block (4) facing away from the first installation groove (401); a plurality of first plug-in tubes (402) are fixed on a side of the first friction block (4) facing the first installation groove (401); the first plug-in tubes (402) are plug-fitted with the second plug-in tubes (403); A plurality of first springs (404) are fixed between the first mounting groove (401) and the first friction block (4); a retractable third plug-in tube (405) is sleeved on the outside of the first spring (404); two ends of the third plug-in tube (405) are respectively fixed to the first mounting groove (401) and the first friction block (4).

4. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper friction assembly also includes: a limiting assembly, installed between the first installation groove (401) and the first friction block (4), and used for limiting the initial position of the first friction block (4); The limiting component comprises: A plurality of rotating frames (501) rotatably mounted on the side wall of the first mounting groove (401); A plurality of groups of magnetic limit blocks (5) are symmetrically fixed on the side walls of each of the rotating frames (501); A plurality of first clearance openings (502) are respectively formed through the side wall of the first friction block (4); the magnetic limit block (5) passes through the first clearance openings (502) and extends to the interior of an inner cavity provided inside the first friction block (4); A plurality of first electromagnets (503) are installed inside the inner cavity and are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the magnetic limit blocks (5), and are used to drive the magnetic limit blocks (5) to rotate through magnetic force after power is turned on.

5. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower friction assembly comprises: A second mounting groove (601) is provided on the side wall of the wellbore; A second friction block (6) is slidably mounted inside the second mounting groove (601), and a friction surface with an inclined surface facing upward is provided on a side of the second friction block (6) facing away from the second mounting groove (601); a sliding plate (7) slidably mounted on a side of the second friction block (6) facing the second mounting groove (601); a blocking bar (702) for limiting the moving distance of the sliding plate (7) being fixed to an edge of the second friction block (6); A plurality of second springs (701) fixed between the second friction block (6) and the sliding plate (7); A plurality of first cylinders (602) are fixed inside the second mounting groove (601) and are used to drive the sliding plate (7) to move.

6. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower drive assembly comprises: A plurality of pulleys (8) are respectively mounted on four vertical side walls of the second cage (3) through brackets; Four slide rails (801) are fixed at the four corners of the shaft, and the pulley (8) is adapted to the slide rails (801); A plurality of third mounting grooves (901) are respectively provided on four vertical side walls of the second cage (3); A plurality of second cylinders (902) are respectively fixed inside each of the third mounting grooves (901), and brake pads (9) are fixed to the ends of the telescopic rods of all the second cylinders (902).

7. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower friction assembly also includes: A plurality of cylinders are fixed on the side wall of the second mounting groove (601), and all penetrate the sliding plate (7) and are slidably plugged with the second friction block (6); A plurality of plug-in blocks (10) are slidably mounted on the side wall of the sliding plate (7); a fixing plate (1002) is fixed on the side wall of the plug-in block (10); a third spring (1003) is fixed between the fixing plate (1002) and the side wall of the cylinder; and a slope (1006) is provided on the side of the plug-in block (10) facing away from the cylinder; A plurality of plug-in slots (1001) are respectively provided on the side walls of each of the cylinders, and the plug-in slots (1001) are adapted to the plug-in blocks (10); A plurality of wedge blocks (1004) are arranged one by one corresponding to the plug-in blocks (10) and are all mounted on the second friction block (6); the inclined surfaces of the wedge blocks (1004) face the corresponding inclined surfaces (1006); and a second clearance opening (1005) for making way for the wedge blocks (1004) is provided on the side wall of the sliding plate (7); A plurality of yielding drive mechanisms are installed between the wedge block (1004) and the second friction block (6) and are used to drive each of the wedge blocks (1004) to rotate and yield.

8. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The yielding component comprises: A rotating ring (11) rotatably mounted on a side wall of the second friction block (6); A magnetic block (1101) is fixed on the side wall of the rotating ring (11); The second electromagnet (1102) is fixed on the side wall of the second friction block (6), and drives the second friction block (6) to rotate through magnetic force when energized.

9. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shaft with emergency protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of groups of friction strips (12), wherein a plurality of the friction strips (12) form a group, and the friction strips (12) in the same group are fixed on the friction surface of the first friction block (4) or the second friction block (6) in a linear array; The friction strip (12) on the first friction block (4) and the friction strip (12) on the second friction block (6) are offset from each other, and when the first friction block (4) and the second friction block (6) are in contact with each other, both ends of all the friction strips (12) are set as rounded corners.

10. A hybrid hoisting system for coal mine shafts with emergency protection according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: When the speed detection system detects that the second cage (3) moves abnormally, the control system is used to control the part of the deceleration protection component located below the second cage (3) to be triggered and started; After the second cage (3) stops, the control system controls the lower drive assembly to start; a distance sensor installed in a groove formed on the friction surface of the second friction block (6) and used for detecting the distance between the second friction block (6) and the second cage (3); When the lower drive assembly is started, the control system is used to control the distance sensor to start; When the distance sensor detects that the distance between the second friction block (6) and the second cage (3) is less than a preset value, and the speed detection system detects that the downward driving speed of the second cage (3) is normal, the control system controls the corresponding second friction block (6) to be recovered and reset.

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