Antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of acrylic sheets. The preparation method comprises: preparing a modifier; modifying carbon nanotubes; preparing an antifouling additive; and preparing the antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet. The present invention comprises first dissolving polysuccinimide and dopamine hydrochloride separately, mixing and reacting them, then adding 3-dimethylaminopropylamine for reaction, and finally adding 1,3-propane sultone for reaction to obtain a modifier containing zwitterionic groups. Using this modifier to modify the acidified carbon nanotubes can significantly improve the wear resistance and antifouling properties of the resulting acrylic sheet.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of acrylic plates, and in particular to an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic plate and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Acrylic sheets (polymethyl methacrylate) are widely used in architecture, advertising, medical equipment, and other fields due to their excellent light transmittance, weather resistance, and ease of processing. However, traditional acrylic sheets face two major technical bottlenecks in practical application: First, their low surface hardness and poor wear resistance make them susceptible to scratches from friction and scraping over long-term use, resulting in reduced light transmittance and loss of aesthetics. Second, their high surface energy easily absorbs contaminants such as oil and dust, resulting in high cleaning and maintenance costs and a shortened service life.

[0003] At present, the wear resistance of acrylic sheets is mostly improved by adding inorganic nanofillers (such as carbon nanotubes and nano-silica). However, inorganic nanofillers have poor compatibility with the polymethyl methacrylate matrix and are prone to agglomeration, resulting in uneven mechanical properties. In addition, the anti-fouling modification of acrylic sheets often relies on surface coating with hydrophobic / oleophobic coatings, but the coating has weak bonding with the matrix and is prone to peeling and failure after long-term friction.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet and a preparation method thereof to improve the service life of the acrylic sheet. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet and a preparation method thereof.

[0006] A method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet comprises the following steps:

[0007] S1: Preparation of modifier

[0008] Dissolving polysuccinimide and dopamine hydrochloride separately, mixing and reacting them, and then sequentially adding 3-dimethylaminopropylamine and 1,3-propane sultone and reacting them to obtain a modifier;

[0009] S2: Modified carbon nanotubes

[0010] The above-mentioned modifier is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, acidified carbon nanotubes are added, and the mixture is heated and stirred, and then 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide are added to react to obtain modified carbon nanotubes;

[0011] S3: Preparation of antifouling additives

[0012] Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate were added to ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1: (20-30) mL, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred. Then, a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for 24-28 hours to obtain an antifouling additive.

[0013] S4: Preparation of anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheets

[0014] Polymethyl methacrylate, the antifouling additive, the modified carbon nanotubes and the silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixer for melt blending, poured into a mold for molding, cooled, and demolded to obtain an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

[0015] Furthermore, S1 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S1.1: Add polysuccinimide to dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(4-6) mL and allow to fully dissolve to obtain a polysuccinimide solution.

[0017] S1.2: Dissolve dopamine hydrochloride in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(6-10) mL. Add triethylamine and allow to fully dissolve to obtain a dopamine solution.

[0018] S1.3: Add the above dopamine solution to the above polysuccinimide solution, and heat under reflux at 60-80°C for 20-24 hours to obtain solution A;

[0019] S1.4: Add 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to the above solution A and continue the reaction for 16-18 hours to obtain solution B;

[0020] S1.5: Add the above solution B to 1,3-propane sultone, continue heating the reaction at 40-50°C for 12-16 hours, then precipitate with acetone, filter and dry to obtain the modifier.

[0021] Furthermore, S2 specifically includes the following steps:

[0022] S2.1: Add carbon nanotubes to a mixed acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(10-20) mL, heat under reflux at 70-80°C for 6-8 h, centrifuge, wash to neutrality, and dry to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0023] S2.2: Dissolve the modifier prepared in step S1.5 in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (90-100) mL, then add the above-mentioned acidified carbon nanotubes, heat and stir at 50-60°C for 10-12 hours, then add equimolar amounts of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, continue stirring and reacting for 20-24 hours, cool, centrifuge, wash and vacuum dry to obtain modified carbon nanotubes.

[0024] Furthermore, the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to triethylamine is 1 g:(3-5) mL, and the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to polysuccinimide is 1:(3.1-3.3).

[0025] Furthermore, the molar ratio of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to polysuccinimide is (0.7-0.8):1, and the molar ratio of 1,3-propane sultone to polysuccinimide is (1-1.2):1.

[0026] Furthermore, the mixed acid solution is prepared by mixing concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3, and the amount of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide added is 40-50% of the mass of the acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0027] Furthermore, the mass ratio of the modifier to the acidified carbon nanotubes is 1:(5-10).

[0028] Furthermore, the volume ratio of acetic acid to perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane is 1:1.

[0029] Furthermore, the raw material composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic plate is, by mass, 65-75 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 8-10 parts of antifouling additives, 3-5 parts of modified carbon nanotubes and 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550.

[0030] Furthermore, a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet is prepared by any of the above-mentioned methods for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention first dissolves polysuccinimide and dopamine hydrochloride separately, then mixes and reacts to form amide bonds and hydroxyl groups, then adds 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to react to generate tertiary amine groups and hydroxyl groups, and finally adds 1,3-propane sultone to react to form sulfonic acid groups, thereby obtaining a modifier containing zwitterionic groups. After the acidified carbon nanotubes are modified by the modifier, the modified carbon nanotubes can be uniformly dispersed in a polymethyl methacrylate matrix through π-π stacking and covalent bonds to form a three-dimensional network structure, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance of the obtained acrylic board. In addition, the positive and negative charge groups of the modifier adsorb water molecules through electrostatic balance to form a dense hydration layer, which repels pollutants such as protein and dust, thereby effectively improving the anti-fouling performance of the acrylic board.

[0033] 2. The present invention adds perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate to ethanol, and then adds acetic acid solution to react, so that the perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to generate silanol, which is then condensed with ethyl orthosilicate to form a silica skeleton, thereby introducing a perfluoroalkyl chain into the silica network to form an antifouling additive with a core-shell structure. After the antifouling additive is added to polymethyl methacrylate to form an acrylic plate, the perfluoroalkyl chain can reduce stain adhesion through the low surface energy effect. In addition, the perfluoroalkyl chain can jointly construct an ultra-low surface energy surface with the zwitterion of the modifier, thereby achieving the effect of synergistically improving the antifouling performance of the acrylic plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, further serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure and to enable one skilled in the relevant art to make and use the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the method for preparing the anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet used in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet and the preparation method thereof provided by the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for preparing an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0039] S1: Preparation of modifier

[0040] S1.1: Add polysuccinimide to dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:4 mL and dissolve thoroughly to obtain a polysuccinimide solution.

[0041] S1.2: Dissolve dopamine hydrochloride in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:6 mL, and add triethylamine. Once fully dissolved, a dopamine solution is obtained, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to triethylamine is 1 g:3 mL.

[0042] S1.3: Add the dopamine solution to the polysuccinimide solution, and heat under reflux at 60°C for 20 h to obtain solution A, wherein the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to polysuccinimide is 1:3.1;

[0043] S1.4: Add 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to the above solution A and continue the reaction for 16 hours to obtain solution B, wherein the molar ratio of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to polysuccinimide is 0.7:1;

[0044] S1.5: Add the above solution B to 1,3-propane sultone and continue heating the reaction at 40°C for 12 hours. Then, precipitate with acetone, filter, and dry to obtain a modifier, wherein the molar ratio of 1,3-propane sultone to polysuccinimide is 1:1.

[0045] S2: Modified carbon nanotubes

[0046] S2.1: Add carbon nanotubes to a mixed acid solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL. Heat and reflux at 70°C for 6 h. Centrifuge, wash to neutrality, and dry to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0047] S2.2: The modifier prepared in step S1.5 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:90 mL, and the acidified carbon nanotubes were added. The mixture was heated and stirred at 50°C for 10 h, and then equimolar amounts of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide were added. The reaction was continued with stirring for 20 h. After cooling, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes. The mass ratio of the modifier to the acidified carbon nanotubes was 1:5, and the amount of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide added was 40% of the mass of the acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0048] S3: Preparation of antifouling additives

[0049] Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate were added to ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:20 mL, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred. Then, a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted for 24 hours to obtain an antifouling additive, wherein the volume ratio of acetic acid to perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane was 1:1;

[0050] S4: Preparation of anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheets

[0051] 65 parts by mass of polymethyl methacrylate, 8 parts by mass of the above-mentioned antifouling additive, 3 parts by mass of the above-mentioned modified carbon nanotubes and 1 part by mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added to a mixer, melt-blended, poured into a mold for molding, cooled, and demolded to obtain an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] A method for preparing an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0054] S1: Preparation of modifier

[0055] S1.1: Add polysuccinimide to dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:5 mL and dissolve thoroughly to obtain a polysuccinimide solution.

[0056] S1.2: Dissolve dopamine hydrochloride in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:8 mL, and add triethylamine. Once fully dissolved, a dopamine solution is obtained, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to triethylamine is 1 g:4 mL.

[0057] S1.3: Add the dopamine solution to the polysuccinimide solution, and heat under reflux at 70°C for 22 hours to obtain solution A, wherein the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to polysuccinimide is 1:3.2;

[0058] S1.4: Add 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to the above solution A and continue the reaction for 17 hours to obtain solution B, wherein the molar ratio of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to polysuccinimide is 0.75:1;

[0059] S1.5: Add the above solution B to 1,3-propane sultone and continue heating the reaction at 45°C for 14 hours. Then, precipitate with acetone, filter, and dry to obtain a modifier, wherein the molar ratio of 1,3-propane sultone to polysuccinimide is 1.1:1.

[0060] S2: Modified carbon nanotubes

[0061] S2.1: Add carbon nanotubes to a mixed acid solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:15 mL. Heat and reflux at 75°C for 7 h. Centrifuge, wash to neutrality, and dry to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0062] S2.2: The modifier prepared in step S1.5 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:95 mL, and the acidified carbon nanotubes were added. The mixture was heated and stirred at 55°C for 11 h, and then equimolar amounts of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide were added. The reaction was stirred for 22 h. After cooling, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes. The mass ratio of the modifier to the acidified carbon nanotubes was 1:7.5, and the amount of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide added was 45% of the mass of the acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0063] S3: Preparation of antifouling additives

[0064] Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate were added to ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:25 mL, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred. Then, a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for 26 hours to obtain an antifouling additive, wherein the volume ratio of acetic acid to perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane was 1:1.

[0065] S4: Preparation of anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheets

[0066] 70 parts by mass of polymethyl methacrylate, 9 parts by mass of the above-mentioned antifouling additive, 4 parts by mass of the above-mentioned modified carbon nanotubes and 1.5 parts by mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added to a mixer, melt-blended, poured into a mold for molding, cooled, and demolded to obtain an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] A method for preparing an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, such as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0069] S1: Preparation of modifier

[0070] S1.1: Add polysuccinimide to dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:6 mL and dissolve thoroughly to obtain a polysuccinimide solution.

[0071] S1.2: Dissolve dopamine hydrochloride in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:10 mL, and add triethylamine. Once fully dissolved, a dopamine solution is obtained, wherein the solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to triethylamine is 1 g:5 mL.

[0072] S1.3: Add the dopamine solution to the polysuccinimide solution, and heat under reflux at 80°C for 24 hours to obtain solution A, wherein the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to polysuccinimide is 1:3.3;

[0073] S1.4: Add 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to the above solution A and continue the reaction at this temperature for 18 hours to obtain solution B, wherein the molar ratio of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to polysuccinimide is 0.8:1;

[0074] S1.5: Add the above solution B to 1,3-propane sultone, continue heating the reaction at 50°C for 16 hours, then precipitate with acetone, filter, and dry to obtain a modifier, wherein the molar ratio of 1,3-propane sultone to polysuccinimide is 1.2:1;

[0075] S2: Modified carbon nanotubes

[0076] S2.1: Add carbon nanotubes to a mixed acid solution of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:3 at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:20 mL. Heat and reflux at 80°C for 8 h. Centrifuge, wash to neutrality, and dry to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0077] S2.2: The modifier prepared in step S1.5 was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:100 mL, and the acidified carbon nanotubes were added. The mixture was heated and stirred at 60°C for 12 h, and then equimolar amounts of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide were added. The reaction was continued with stirring for 24 h. After cooling, the mixture was centrifuged, washed, and vacuum-dried to obtain modified carbon nanotubes. The mass ratio of the modifier to the acidified carbon nanotubes was 1:10, and the amount of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide added was 50% of the mass of the acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0078] S3: Preparation of antifouling additives

[0079] Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate were added to ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:30 mL, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred. Then, a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred and reacted for 28 hours to obtain an antifouling additive, wherein the volume ratio of acetic acid to perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane was 1:1;

[0080] S4: Preparation of anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheets

[0081] 75 parts by mass of polymethyl methacrylate, 10 parts by mass of the above-mentioned antifouling additive, 5 parts by mass of the above-mentioned modified carbon nanotubes and 2 parts by mass of silane coupling agent KH-550 were added to a mixer, melt-blended, poured into a mold for molding, cooled, and demolded to obtain an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

[0082] Comparative Example 1

[0083] The difference between Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 is that the modified carbon nanotubes in step S4 are replaced by an equal amount of acidified carbon nanotubes.

[0084] Comparative Example 2

[0085] The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the antifouling additive in step S4 is removed.

[0086] Comparative Example 3

[0087] The difference between Comparative Example 3 and Example 1 is that the modified carbon nanotubes in step S4 are replaced by an equal amount of antifouling additives.

[0088] Comparative Example 4

[0089] The difference between Comparative Example 4 and Example 1 is that the antifouling additive in step S4 is replaced by an equal amount of modified carbon nanotubes.

[0090] Test Case

[0091] Test 1: The Barcol hardness of the acrylic sheets prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1 was tested. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0092] Table 1: Barcol hardness test results of acrylic sheet

[0093]

[0094] As shown in Table 1 above, in Comparative Example 1, when the carbon nanotubes were not modified, the Barcol hardness of the acrylic sheet obtained was significantly lower than that of Example 1. This shows that by first dissolving polysuccinimide and dopamine hydrochloride separately, mixing and reacting to form amide bonds and hydroxyl groups, then adding 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to react to generate tertiary amine groups and hydroxyl groups, and finally adding 1,3-propane sultone to react to form sulfonic acid groups, a modifier containing zwitterionic groups is obtained. After the acidified carbon nanotubes are modified with the modifier, the wear resistance of the obtained acrylic sheet can be significantly improved.

[0095] Test 2: The stain resistance of the acrylic sheets prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-4 was tested in accordance with JC / T908-2013. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0096] Table 2: Acrylic board stain resistance test results

[0097]

[0098] As shown in Table 2 above, in Comparative Example 1, where no carbon nanotubes were modified, the total contamination value of the acrylic sheet obtained was significantly higher than that of Example 1. This shows that modifying carbon nanotubes with a modifier can effectively improve the antifouling performance of acrylic sheets.

[0099] In Comparative Example 2, in which no antifouling additive was added, the total contamination value of the acrylic sheet produced was much higher than that of Example 1. This indicates that by adding perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate to ethanol and then adding acetic acid solution for reaction, the perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane is hydrolyzed under acidic conditions to form a silanol, which then condenses with ethyl orthosilicate to form a silica skeleton, thereby introducing perfluoroalkyl chains into the silica network and forming a core-shell structure antifouling additive. When this antifouling additive is added to polymethyl methacrylate to produce an acrylic sheet, stain adhesion can be reduced.

[0100] When only a single antifouling additive or a single modified carbon nanotube was added to Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the total pollution values of the prepared acrylic sheets were higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the antifouling additive and the modified carbon nanotubes can synergistically improve the antifouling performance of the acrylic sheet.

[0101] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Preparation of modifier, Dissolving polysuccinimide and dopamine hydrochloride separately, mixing and reacting them, and then sequentially adding 3-dimethylaminopropylamine and 1,3-propane sultone and reacting them to obtain a modifier; S2: modified carbon nanotubes, The above-mentioned modifier is dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, acidified carbon nanotubes are added, and the mixture is heated and stirred, and then 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide are added to react to obtain modified carbon nanotubes; S3: Preparation of antifouling additives, Perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane and ethyl orthosilicate were added to ethanol in a volume ratio of 1:1: (20-30) mL, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred. Then, a 1 mol / L acetic acid solution was added, and the mixture was stirred for 24-28 hours to obtain an antifouling additive. S4: Preparation of anti-fouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, Polymethyl methacrylate, the antifouling additive, the modified carbon nanotubes and the silane coupling agent KH-550 are added to a mixer for melt blending, poured into a mold for molding, cooled, and demolded to obtain an antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet.

2. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 specifically includes the following steps: S1.1: Add polysuccinimide to dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(4-6) mL and allow to fully dissolve to obtain a polysuccinimide solution. S1.2: Dissolve dopamine hydrochloride in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(6-10) mL. Add triethylamine and allow to fully dissolve to obtain a dopamine solution. S1.3: Add the above dopamine solution to the above polysuccinimide solution, and heat under reflux at 60-80°C for 20-24 hours to obtain solution A; S1.4: Add 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to the above solution A and continue the reaction for 16-18 hours to obtain solution B; S1.5: Add the above solution B to 1,3-propane sultone, continue heating the reaction at 40-50°C for 12-16 hours, then precipitate with acetone, filter and dry to obtain the modifier.

3. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: S2 specifically includes the following steps: S2.1: Add carbon nanotubes to a mixed acid solution at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g:(10-20) mL, heat under reflux at 70-80°C for 6-8 h, centrifuge, wash to neutrality, and dry to obtain acidified carbon nanotubes. S2.2: Dissolve the modifier prepared in step S1.5 in dimethyl sulfoxide at a solid-liquid ratio of 1 g: (90-100) mL, then add the above-mentioned acidified carbon nanotubes, heat and stir at 50-60°C for 10-12 hours, then add equimolar amounts of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide and N-hydroxysuccinimide, continue stirring and reacting for 20-24 hours, cool, centrifuge, wash and vacuum dry to obtain modified carbon nanotubes.

4. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid-liquid ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to triethylamine is 1 g:(3-5) mL, and the molar ratio of dopamine hydrochloride to polysuccinimide is 1:(3.1-3.3).

5. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 2, characterized in that: The molar ratio of 3-dimethylaminopropylamine to polysuccinimide is (0.7-0.8):1, and the molar ratio of 1,3-propane sultone to polysuccinimide is (1-1.2):

1.

6. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mixed acid solution is prepared by mixing concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a volume ratio of 1:

3. The amount of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide added is 40-50% of the mass of the acidified carbon nanotubes.

7. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the modifier to the acidified carbon nanotubes is 1:(5-10).

8. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of acetic acid to perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane is 1:

1.

9. The method for preparing a stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The raw material composition of the antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic plate is as follows: 65-75 parts of polymethyl methacrylate, 8-10 parts of antifouling additive, 3-5 parts of modified carbon nanotubes and 1-2 parts of silane coupling agent KH-550.

10. A stain-resistant and wear-resistant acrylic sheet, characterized in that: The acrylic sheet is prepared by the method for preparing the antifouling and wear-resistant acrylic sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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