Microbial aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary medicine

Abstract

The invention discloses a microbial aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, and relates to the technical field of air microbial sampling detection devices. The barrel is rotationally arranged above the base, the interior of the barrel is of a cavity structure, and the barrel is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity through a partition plate; the collecting assembly comprises at least one collecting unit, the collecting unit is arranged in the upper cavity, one end of the collecting unit penetrates through the barrel to be communicated with the outside, and the other end of the collecting unit is connected with the connecting barrel; the transmission part is arranged below the collecting assembly and is used for accelerating the collected gas; and the shunting assembly is arranged in the lower cavity, is communicated with the transmission part and is used for shunting and sampling the collected gas. The sampling device effectively solves the problems of low sampling efficiency, poor sample quality, single function, insufficient safety and the like in the existing sampling technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of air microorganism sampling and detection devices, and specifically to a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device. Background Art

[0002] Microbial aerosol refers to a colloidal system formed by microorganisms suspended in the air. There are a large number of microbial aerosols in nature. In the livestock breeding environment, excreta such as livestock and poultry feces and urine, as well as feed residues, will breed a large number of microorganisms. These microorganisms are suspended in the air to form aerosols, which may contain various germs, viruses, and fungi, etc. Livestock and poultry being exposed to an environment with a high concentration of microbial aerosols for a long time are prone to diseases such as respiratory infections and allergic reactions, seriously affecting the growth and development and production performance of livestock and poultry, and bringing huge economic losses to the livestock industry. Therefore, sampling and detecting microbial aerosols in the livestock breeding environment is crucial for ensuring the health of livestock and poultry and the sustainable development of the livestock industry.

[0003] Traditional livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling technologies have many defects and are difficult to meet the current requirements of precise monitoring and efficient prevention and control.

[0004] (1) Low sampling efficiency: Some sampling devices cannot adapt to high humidity environments, resulting in reduced sampling efficiency or the sampling medium getting damp, affecting the microbial detection results; when facing high concentrations of dust, it is easy to cause the sampling head to be blocked or a large amount of irrelevant impurities to be collected, interfering with microbial detection, and usually can only sample at one location, unable to cover all corners of the entire farm or livestock house.

[0005] (2) Insufficient multi-germ detection ability: Existing sampling devices usually can only collect a single type of germ and cannot detect multiple germs at the same time. This not only increases the sampling time and cost, but also may lead to the omission of germ detection, affecting the early detection and prevention and control of diseases.

[0006] (3) Poor safety: The on-site environment of livestock breeding is complex and changeable, and animals and equipment move around frequently. Traditional sampling devices lack necessary protection and warning functions and are extremely prone to damage due to accidents such as collisions and accidental touches. This not only affects the normal progress of sampling work, but also may pose a safety threat to animals. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the above existing problems, the present invention aims to provide a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device, which can effectively solve the problems of low sampling efficiency, poor sample quality, single function, and insufficient safety existing in the existing sampling technologies, and provide strong technical support for the precise monitoring and scientific prevention and control of livestock and veterinary microbial aerosols.

[0008] The main idea of the technical solution adopted by the present invention: The gas in the livestock environment is collected through a collection unit. Among them, the rotation speed of the drainage fan can be adjusted to control the flow rate and velocity of the gas. The first protective net on the outer periphery can prevent foreign objects from entering the outside. The spiral tube in the separation cylinder can make the gas form a spiral flow therein, which helps to separate the microorganisms in the aerosol from the gas. The moving part of the filter cylinder can slide up and down relative to the cylinder shell, which is convenient for replacing the filter plate and timely pouring out the garbage filtered by the filter plate, and improves the purity of the collected microbial aerosol. The gas from the connecting cylinder is accelerated through the transmission part, so that the gas enters the shunt assembly at a higher speed. The outer periphery of the lower cavity is provided with jet ports with a certain inclination angle. When the air pressure in the lower cavity increases, the gas is ejected from the jet ports and drives the cylinder to rotate, so that the sampling device can collect microbial aerosol in different directions, increasing the comprehensiveness and representativeness of sampling. A plurality of contact sensors are also arranged on the outer periphery of the lower cavity. When it is detected that there is an object blocking or approaching a certain distance, an alarm sound will be emitted to prevent accidents such as collisions during the sampling process.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A sampling device for microbial aerosol based on animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, including a base as the support foundation of the whole device; a cylinder body, rotatably arranged above the base, with a cavity structure inside. In order to partition different functional links in the sampling process, so that operations such as collection, acceleration, and shunting do not interfere with each other and proceed in an orderly manner, the cylinder body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a partition; a collection component, including at least one collection unit, the collection unit is arranged in the upper cavity, and one end thereof penetrates through the cylinder body to communicate with the outside, and the other end is connected to a connecting cylinder; a transmission part, arranged below the collection component, for accelerating the collected gas; a shunt component, arranged in the lower cavity, communicating with the transmission part, and used for shunting and sampling the collected gas.

[0010] Considering that efficient collection of microbial aerosol needs to orderly distinguish links such as collection, preliminary treatment, acceleration and shunting, and each link needs to cooperate closely. Based on this technical idea, the above structure is further refined.

[0011] In order to improve the collection efficiency, it is necessary to introduce external gas and perform preliminary separation and filtration. Therefore, further: The collection unit includes a drainage fan, which is arranged to communicate with the outside through the cylinder body; a separation cylinder, with both ends open, and an air inlet joint located on one side of the drainage fan and a spiral tube communicating with the air inlet joint are arranged inside, so that the entering gas can form a swirling flow therein for preliminary separation; a filter cylinder, connected to the side of the separation cylinder away from the drainage fan.

[0012] In the gas filtration process, to ensure the filtration effect while extending the service life of the filtration components, the filter cartridge is optimized. Further: The filter cartridge includes a cartridge shell, a moving member slidably connected to the cartridge shell, and a filter plate disposed on one side close to the connecting cylinder.

[0013] The collected gas needs to be further accelerated to meet the requirements of subsequent split-flow sampling. Further: The transmission member includes a transmission fan disposed below the connecting cylinder, a second protective net disposed on the outer periphery of the transmission fan, and a transmission cylinder connected below the second protective net, for accelerating the gas from the connecting cylinder.

[0014] The accelerated gas needs to be subjected to split-flow sampling. To evenly split the gas and efficiently collect the pathogens, further: The split-flow assembly includes a split-flow spray cylinder, which is conical, communicates with the transmission cylinder above, and has a circle of openings on its lower surface; a plurality of split-flow pipes, each corresponding to one of the plurality of openings respectively, for dividing the accelerated gas into several gas branches; a distribution plate, which is disposed at the inner bottom of the cylinder body in cooperation, and the distribution plate is divided into a plurality of sampling chambers corresponding to the split-flow pipes one by one; wherein, the split-flow pipes are inclined with respect to the sampling chambers, so that the ejected air flow collides and separates from the culture medium in the sampling chambers, so that the pathogens in the aerosol are fully collected.

[0015] To expand the sampling range and fully collect the microbial aerosol in different directions, from the perspective of using air pressure to rotate the device, further: The outer peripheral part of the cylinder body located in the lower cavity is provided with jet ports having an inclined angle. When the air pressure in the lower cavity increases, the gas is ejected from the jet ports and drives the cylinder body to rotate.

[0016] To ensure that the sampling process is not interfered by the outside world, based on the technical idea of real-time monitoring of the device's surrounding environment, further: A plurality of contact sensors are also disposed on the outer periphery of the lower cavity, for emitting an alarm sound when it detects that an object blocks or approaches a certain distance.

[0017] To facilitate the operation and control of the device, from the perspective of conveniently opening the cylinder body and centrally controlling the operation of each component, further: The upper cover plate of the cylinder body is movably connected to the cylinder body main body, and a handle and an electric control component are provided on the upper cover plate.

[0018] A sampling method based on a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device includes the following steps: S1: Add appropriate culture medium to each sampling chamber of the distribution plate to prepare for subsequent pathogen collection, and set the sampling time, gas flow rate, and alarm threshold through the electric control component; S2: Turn on the drainage fan. External gas is inhaled into the separation cylinder and forms a swirl through the spiral tube. Due to centrifugal force, some larger particulate impurities are initially separated. The gas that has undergone preliminary separation enters the filter cylinder and passes through the filter plate to intercept impurities and then enters the connection cylinder. S3: The gas in the connection cylinder is accelerated by the drive fan and then enters the shunt spray cylinder, where it is evenly distributed to each shunt pipe. The shunt pipes spray the gas onto the sampling cavity of the distribution plate at an inclined angle, causing the airflow to impact the surface of the culture medium in the sampling cavity, promoting the separation of microorganisms in the aerosol from the gas and their attachment to the culture medium. S4: During the shunt process, the air pressure in the lower cavity increases, and the gas sprays out from the jet nozzle and pushes the cylinder body to rotate around the base, achieving multi-directional sampling within a 360° range. S5: The contact sensor continuously detects obstacles on the outer periphery of the cylinder body. When an object blocks or approaches, an alarm sound is triggered. S6: After sampling, turn off the drive fan, open the upper cover plate of the cylinder body, and take out the culture medium with attached microorganisms on the distribution plate for subsequent culture and analysis.

[0019] Through the above technical solutions, further: the inclined angle of the shunt pipe is 30° - 60°, and the distance for triggering the alarm of the contact sensor is less than 10 cm.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Significantly improve the collection efficiency of pathogenic bacteria: Through the double acceleration of the conical cylinder and the shunt spray cylinder, the aerosol particles have higher speed and kinetic energy when entering the sampling cavity, and can better impact and separate from the sampling medium. Moreover, the shunt pipes and the sampling distribution plate are arranged at a certain inclined angle, so that the airflow is sprayed obliquely, increasing the contact area between the airflow and the sampling medium, ensuring that more pathogenic bacteria are separated from the airflow and attached to the sampling medium, and significantly improving the collection efficiency of pathogenic bacteria.

[0021] 2. Multi-directional collection: By setting up the collection unit and the jet nozzles with a certain inclined angle on the outer periphery of the lower cavity, the cylinder body can be rotated by using air pressure to change the sampling direction, enabling the device to sample at different angles and orientations, increasing the flexibility and diversity of sampling, and obtaining more comprehensive microbial aerosol samples in the surrounding environment.

[0022] 3. Realize the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogenic bacteria: The sampling distribution plate is divided into multiple independent sampling cavities, and each sampling cavity can place different sampling culture media or detection systems for detecting different types of pathogenic bacteria. Multiple pathogenic bacteria can be detected simultaneously at the same time, greatly improving the detection efficiency and accuracy. In addition, the samples in different sampling cavities can be used as independent samples, facilitating subsequent detailed analysis and comparison, and providing more data support for the classification and identification of pathogenic bacteria.

[0023] 4. Good safety performance: A first protective net is provided on the outer periphery of the drainage fan of the collection unit, and a second protective net is provided on the outer periphery of the transmission part, which can effectively prevent foreign objects from entering the interior of the device, avoid interference or damage to the gas transmission, sampling and other links inside the device caused by foreign objects, ensure the stable operation of the device and the accuracy of the sampling results. The contact sensor provided on the outer periphery of the lower cavity will emit an alarm sound when it detects that an object is blocking or approaching a certain distance, avoiding accidental situations such as collisions between the device and other objects during operation, and ensuring the safety of personnel and equipment during the sampling operation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 front view schematic diagram; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 sectional structure schematic diagram; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention without the jet nozzle; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship without the cylinder; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the collection component structure of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 sectional structure schematic diagram; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 perspective structure schematic diagram; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the collection unit structure of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the filter cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the moving part structure of the present invention; Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the sliding fit between the cylinder shell and the moving part of the present invention; Figure 13 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the transmission part of the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the shunt component structure of the present invention; Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the shunt spray cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the overall perspective structure of the present invention; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional modeling perspective structure of the present invention; Figure 18This is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the three-dimensional modeling of the collection component of the present invention.

[0025] Among them: 1. Base; 2. Cylinder; 201. Partition; 202. Handle; 203. Electric control component; 3. Drainage fan; 4. First protective net; 5. Separation cylinder; 6. Air inlet joint; 7. Spiral tube; 8. Filter cylinder; 801. Cylinder shell; 802. Moving part; 8021. Baffle; 8022. Limit boss; 8023. Hand-held end; 803. Filter plate; 9. Connecting cylinder; 901. Partition plate; 10. Transmission part; 1001. Transmission fan; 1002. Second protective net; 1003. Transmission cylinder; 11. Shunt spray cylinder; 1101. Opening; 12. Shunt pipe; 13. Separation plate; 1301. Sampling chamber; 14. Jet port; 15. Contact sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Usually, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and illustrated herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] The inventor's research found that the traditional sampling efficiency is low, and it cannot adapt to high-humidity environments, resulting in a decrease in sampling efficiency or the sampling medium getting damp, which affects the microbial detection results; it is easy to cause blockage of the sampling head or collect a large amount of irrelevant impurities, interfering with microbial detection; usually, sampling can only be carried out at one position, and it cannot cover all corners of the entire farm or livestock house. It can only collect a single type of pathogen and cannot detect multiple pathogens at the same time; and it has poor safety.

[0028] Based on the above findings, the present application proposes a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device. Through the double acceleration of the conical cylinder and the shunt spray cylinder, the aerosol particles have higher speed and kinetic energy when entering the sampling chamber, and can better collide and separate from the sampling medium; by setting a collection unit and jet ports with an inclined angle on the periphery of the lower cavity, the cylinder is rotated by using air pressure to change the sampling direction, so that the device can sample at different angles and orientations; by setting multiple independent sampling chambers, multiple pathogens can be detected simultaneously at the same time.

[0029] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figures 4 - 18 , the present application discloses a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device: It includes a base 1, which serves as the support foundation of the entire device and is made of a high-strength and corrosion-resistant metal material. Anti-slip rubber pads are provided at the bottom, which can increase the friction with the placement plane and ensure stable placement in various complex livestock breeding environments, such as wet and muddy farm floors or dusty and bumpy breeding workshops, avoiding situations such as tipping and shaking of the device during sampling and providing a solid guarantee for the stable operation of subsequent components. The base 1 is a disc-shaped double-layer structure, and bearings are provided on the outer periphery of the upper layer. The bearings closely surround the edge of the upper layer, and their high-precision ball and raceway design ensure an extremely low friction coefficient. The cylinder 2 is sleeved on the base 1 through the bearings and can rotate relative to the base 1. The inside of the cylinder 2 is a cavity structure. The height of the cylinder 2 is 60 cm, and the inner diameter reaches 30 cm. It is made of high-strength and chemically corrosion-resistant polycarbonate material, which is not only light in texture but also has good light transmittance, facilitating operators to observe the internal situation at any time. The cylinder 2 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity distributed up and down by a partition 201. The thickness of the partition 201 is 5 mm, and the material is made of stainless steel, which has excellent strength and rust resistance and can effectively separate the two cavities to ensure the independent operation of their respective functions.

[0030] Next, the upper cover plate of the cylinder 2 is movably connected to the main body of the cylinder 2. Exemplarily, a hinge connection or a rotating shaft connection can be adopted between the upper cover plate and the cylinder 2, so that the upper cover plate can rotate and open relative to the cylinder 2. At the same time, 2 handles 202 are provided on the upper cover plate, and the upper cover plate can be easily opened or closed by grasping the handles 202.

[0031] In addition, an electric control component 203 (the electric control component is a structure well-known to those of ordinary skill in the art) is also provided on the upper cover plate. The electric control component 203 includes a solar panel and a control panel. The solar panel is used to absorb solar energy to provide continuous electrical energy for electronic components, such as powering the drainage fan 3 and the transmission fan 1001, effectively reducing the dependence on external power sources. The principle of action of the solar panel is based on the photovoltaic effect. When sunlight shines on the solar panel, photons interact with the semiconductor material in the solar panel, exciting electron-hole pairs. These electrons and holes move directionally under the action of an electric field, thereby generating an electric current. It is preferably to set the solar panel at the top of the upper cover plate and keep its surface flat and unobstructed to receive sunlight to the greatest extent. The control panel is used to display the working status and parameter settings of the system. It is set on the upper cover plate and on one side of the cylinder 2, facilitating operators to easily observe and operate when standing. A liquid crystal display screen or LED indicator lights are provided on the control panel to display information such as air flow speed and sampling time in real time, helping users understand the operation of the system, and users can operate through buttons or touch screens, such as starting / stopping the system and adjusting the rotation speeds of the drainage fan 3 and the transmission fan 1001.

[0032] After that, a collection component is disposed through the upper cavity. In this embodiment, in order to improve the collection efficiency, the collection component includes two relatively arranged collection units, and each collection unit is responsible for inhaling the aerosol from different directions.

[0033] Specifically, the ends of the two collection units away from each other penetrate through the cylinder body 2 and communicate with the outside. The ends of the two collection units close to each other are fixedly connected by a connecting cylinder 9. The connecting cylinder 9 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy material, with an inner diameter of 8 cm and a length of 15 cm. Its surface has been anodized, having good corrosion resistance and wear resistance. The two ends of the connecting cylinder 9 are tightly butted with the ends of the two collection units respectively, and a welded fixed connection form is adopted. During the welding process, the argon arc welding process is used to ensure that the welds are uniform and firm, effectively avoiding gaps or leaks at the connection, ensuring the tightness and stability of the microbial aerosol during the collection process, so as to achieve efficient collection work.

[0034] The collection unit includes a drainage fan 3, a separation cylinder 5, and a filter cylinder 8.

[0035] Among them, the drainage fan 3 penetrates through the cylinder body 2 and communicates with the outside, and inhales the aerosol in the outside gas into the separation cylinder 5 through negative pressure. The rotation speed of the drainage fan 3 can be adjusted through the control panel, thereby controlling the gas flow rate and velocity. Preferably, the rotation speed range of the drainage fan 3 is 500 - 2000 revolutions per minute.

[0036] Furthermore, a first protective net 4 is arranged on the outer periphery of the drainage fan 3. The first protective net 4 is made of stainless steel material, and the mesh size is 0.5 cm × 0.5 cm, isolating the drainage fan 3 from the outside, preventing livestock from contacting the fan blades, causing animal damage and equipment damage, and at the same time, it can block the entry of large sundries such as leaves and weeds, affecting the operation of the equipment.

[0037] Then, the separation cylinder 5 is arranged on the side of the drainage fan 3 away from the first protective net 4. The two ends of the separation cylinder 5 are open to ensure that the gas can enter and exit smoothly, realizing continuous sampling work. The separation cylinder 5 is made of transparent polycarbonate material, which is convenient for observing the internal working state. Its height is 20 cm and its inner diameter is 12 cm. An air inlet joint 6 and a spiral tube 7 communicated with the air inlet joint 6 are arranged inside it. The air inlet joint 6 is conical, which is convenient for receiving gas.

[0038] In order to perform preliminary separation of the gas, the spiral tube 7 is spiral-shaped. When the mixed gas containing microbial aerosol and water vapor or the gas in a dusty environment enters the spiral tube 7, the spiral tube 7 causes the gas to flow in a spiral shape. Due to the centrifugal force, the water vapor particles and dust particles with larger mass will be thrown to the tube wall, and the microbial aerosol can be relatively concentrated in the central area of ​​the airflow, thereby reducing the contact between water vapor and dust and the sampling medium, effectively preventing the sampling medium from being damp and dusty, and ensuring that the collected microbial aerosol samples have a high purity.

[0039] Next, the filter cartridge 8 is fixedly connected to the side of the separation cartridge 5 away from the drainage fan 3, preferably in the form of a fixed connection by welding, for further filtering the aerosol after preliminary separation. In this embodiment, the filter cartridge 8 includes a cartridge shell 801, a moving member 802 and a filter plate 803. The cartridge shell 801 is the outer shell of the filter cartridge 8, made of high-strength engineering plastics, with a thickness of 3 mm, having good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, and plays a role in supporting and protecting the internal structure. The moving member 802 is slidably connected to the cartridge shell 801 and can slide up and down in the cartridge shell 801. The filter plate 803 is arranged on the side of the moving member 802 away from the spiral tube 7, and is responsible for filtering the collected gas again.

[0040] Furthermore, the lower part of the moving member 802 is provided with a baffle 8021, which is made of a stainless steel sheet and is welded and fixed to the moving member 802, and is used to collect larger particles blocked by the filter plate 803; the upper half of the moving member 802 is provided with a limiting boss 8022, which is an integrally formed structure, made of the same material as the moving member 802, and is used to be clamped on the cylinder shell 801 to ensure that the moving member 802 does not separate from the cylinder shell 801 when sliding. The limiting boss 8022 is provided with a handheld end 8023, which is in a circular ring shape. The user can apply external force by holding the handheld end 8023 to make the moving member 802 slide up and down relative to the cylinder shell 801, so as to facilitate the replacement and cleaning of the filter plate 803 and the removal of large particles deposited on the lower end of the moving member 802.

[0041] In addition, the middle part of the connecting cylinder 9 is divided into two parts by a partition plate 901 for receiving gases from the collection units on both sides. The partition plate 901 is made of high-strength plastic material with a thickness of 5 mm, ensuring that the gases from the collection units on both sides do not mix and collide, avoiding the collision and fragmentation of aerosol molecules and cross-contamination, and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of sampling. The gases on both sides of the collection unit are separated by the partition plate 901 in the connecting cylinder 9, but after entering the transmission part 10, the gases will be re-collected together. In this way, the aerosols collected by the collection units on both sides can be accelerated and uniformly output under the action of the transmission part 10, ensuring that the subsequent detection system can obtain a complete aerosol sample.

[0042] Next, the transmission part 10 is arranged below the collection assembly for accelerating the collected gas.

[0043] Specifically, the transmission part 10 includes a transmission fan 1001 arranged below the connecting cylinder 9. The rotation speed of the transmission fan 1001 is adjustable, and the rotation speed can be adjusted between 800 - 3000 revolutions per minute through the control panel, for accelerating the gases from the collection units on both sides to ensure that the gases can enter the subsequent detection system at a sufficient speed. A second protective net 1002 is arranged on the outer periphery of the transmission fan 1001. The second protective net 1002 is woven from stainless steel wires, and the mesh size is precisely controlled at 0.3 cm × 0.3 cm, which can effectively prevent larger particulate matters or foreign objects from entering the transmission cylinder 1003 and ensure the smooth passage of the gas, protecting the internal structure of the transmission part 10 from damage. The transmission cylinder 1003 is connected below the transmission fan 1001. The transmission cylinder 1003 is conical. After the gas is accelerated by the transmission fan 1001, it enters the transmission cylinder 1003. Due to the conical structure of the transmission cylinder 1003, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, the flow rate of the gas continuously increases in the gradually shrinking space, further transporting the accelerated gas to the subsequent detection system to ensure the efficient transmission of the detection sample.

[0044] Next, the shunt assembly is arranged in the lower cavity and communicated with the transmission part 10 for shunt sampling of the collected gas to more comprehensively and efficiently detect the pathogenic bacteria in the microbial aerosol.

[0045] Specifically, the shunt assembly includes a shunt spray cylinder 11, a shunt pipe 12, and a distribution plate 13.

[0046] Among them, the shunt nozzle 11 is conical. When the high-speed air flow accelerating from the transmission cylinder 1003 enters the shunt nozzle 11, due to the conical structure, the air flow channel gradually expands, and the air flow can gradually spread. This not only helps to reduce the air flow speed and make it enter the subsequent shunt link more stably, but also enables the air flow to be more evenly distributed on the lower surface of the shunt nozzle 11. The upper part of the shunt nozzle 11 is closely connected to the transmission cylinder 1003 to ensure smooth gas transmission. A number of openings 1101 are provided in a circle on its lower surface, and these openings are the starting points of gas shunting.

[0047] Further, there are a number of shunt pipes 12, which are respectively connected to the corresponding openings 1101 one by one, and are used to divide the accelerated gas into several parts and guide them to the corresponding sampling chambers 1301. Through this precise shunt design, multi-path collection of gas samples is achieved, providing the possibility for simultaneous detection of multiple pathogens. The distribution plate 13 is arranged on the inner bottom of the cylinder body 2 in a matching manner. Preferably, the bottom of the distribution plate 13 fits the shape of the bottom of the cylinder body 2, and its diameter size matches the diameter of the inner bottom of the cylinder body 2, so that the distribution plate 13 can be exactly placed on the inner bottom of the cylinder body 2 without being too large to be put in or too small to shake on the inner bottom of the cylinder body 2. The distribution plate 13 is divided into multiple sampling chambers 1301 and corresponds to the shunt pipes 12 one by one. Among them, the shunt pipe 12 and the sampling chamber 1301 are at a certain inclination angle. When the air flow sprays out from the shunt pipe 12, it does not directly impact the culture medium vertically, but sprays obliquely at a certain angle, increasing the contact area between the air flow and the culture medium, enabling the pathogens in the aerosol to collide and separate within a larger range, thereby improving the collection efficiency of the pathogens.

[0048] Furthermore, a culture medium suitable for specific pathogens, such as bacterial culture medium, virus detection reagent, etc., is placed inside each sampling chamber 1301. The sampling chamber 1301 can also be provided with a color reaction device to monitor the presence of pathogens in real time and provide immediate feedback, so that multiple pathogens can be detected simultaneously at the same time, greatly improving the detection efficiency and accuracy.

[0049] Then, a plurality of contact sensors 15 and an integrated sound system are further provided on the outer periphery of the lower cavity, usually not less than 4. When it detects that there is an object blocking or approaching a certain distance, it will immediately trigger an alarm mechanism, emit an alarm sound or a driving noise to drive away the approaching animals and avoid damage.

[0050] During use, turn on the drainage fan 3 of the collection unit, and external gas enters the separation cylinder 5 through the drainage fan 3. In the separation cylinder 5, the gas enters the spiral tube 7 through the air inlet joint 6. When the gas flows in the spiral tube 7, some larger particles in the aerosol will be separated from the gas due to factors such as centrifugal force. Then the gas enters the filter cylinder 8 and is further filtered through the filter plate 803 to remove impurities therein, etc., so that the relatively pure gas containing microbial aerosol continues to flow towards the interior of the device. And the gas flow rate and velocity can be changed by adjusting the rotation speed of the drainage fan 3. The gases from the collection units on both sides are separated and transmitted by the partition plate 901 in the middle of the connection cylinder 9 and then converge, and then enter the transmission cylinder 1003 below the connection cylinder 9. The transmission fan 1001 rotates in the transmission cylinder 1003 to accelerate the downward flow of the gas. The second protective net 1002 on the outer periphery of the transmission fan 1001 also plays a protective role. The gas enters the conical shunt spray cylinder 11 from the transmission cylinder 1003, and then enters the corresponding shunt pipes 12 through a circle of openings 1101 on the lower surface of the shunt spray cylinder 11. The shunt pipes 12 respectively introduce the gas into multiple sampling chambers 1301 separated by the separation plate 13. The air flow impacts the culture medium in the sampling chamber 1301 at a certain angle, and the germs in the aerosol will be fully collected by the culture medium. When an object approaches or blocks the proximity sensor 15 at a certain distance, the proximity sensor 15 will trigger the alarm device to emit an alarm sound to remind the staff and drive away animals.

[0051] Embodiment 2 Embodiment 2 of the present invention is an optimization of the above Embodiment 1. Refer to Figures 1 - 3 and Figures 5 - 18 , on the basis of Embodiment 1, a jet orifice 14 with an inclined angle is arranged on the outer peripheral part of the lower cavity of the cylinder body 2. Preferably, the inclined angle is selected to be 45 degrees inclined obliquely downward. When the air pressure in the lower cavity increases, the gas is ejected from the jet orifice 14. Due to the design of the inclined angle of the jet orifice 14, when the gas is ejected, its moving direction is not perpendicular to the surface of the cylinder body 2, but forms a 45-degree angle with the surface of the cylinder body 2. According to the principle of force decomposition, at this time, the jet force of the gas can be decomposed into a normal component force perpendicular to the surface of the cylinder body 2 and a tangential component force along the tangent direction of the cylinder body 2. This tangential component force becomes the power source for driving the cylinder body 2 to rotate around its central axis. As the cylinder body 2 rotates, the sampling range of the collection assembly arranged above it also expands accordingly. Originally, it could only collect microbial aerosol in a specific direction. After the cylinder body 2 rotates, it can collect aerosols at different angles around, ensuring that more aerosol samples can be collected, improving the comprehensiveness and representativeness of sampling, and providing a richer sample basis for subsequent detection.

[0052] During the use of the device, when the air pressure inside the lower cavity reaches a certain level, the gas is ejected from the jet nozzle 14. Due to the certain inclination angle of the jet nozzle 14, the reaction force generated when the gas is ejected will cause the cylinder body 2 to rotate around its connection point with the base 1, expanding the sampling range.

[0053] In addition, livestock and veterinary microbial aerosols contain a variety of microorganisms. For example, bacteria: Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Pasteurella; viruses: foot-and-mouth disease virus, avian influenza virus, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus; fungi: Aspergillus, Candida; the spread of multiple aerosols will cause a variety of animal diseases, bringing huge economic losses to the livestock industry. Therefore, it is necessary to detect, intervene and prevent in advance. When detecting, the commonly used culture dishes for sampling different microbial aerosols are as follows: nutrient agar culture dishes, cell culture dishes, Sabouraud dextrose agar culture dishes, etc.

[0054] Therefore, the present application discloses a sampling method based on a sampling device for livestock and veterinary microbial aerosols, including the following steps: S1: Add appropriate culture media into each sampling cavity 1301 of the distribution plate 13 to prepare for subsequent pathogen collection, and set the sampling time, gas flow rate and alarm threshold through the electric control component 203; S2: Turn on the drainage fan 3, the outside air is inhaled into the separation cylinder 5 and forms a swirl through the spiral tube 7. Due to the centrifugal action, some larger particle impurities are initially separated. The gas after preliminary separation enters the filter cylinder 8 and enters the connecting cylinder 9 after intercepting impurities through the filter plate 803; S3: The gas in the connecting cylinder 9 is accelerated by the drive fan 1001 and then enters the shunt spray cylinder 11, and is evenly distributed to each shunt pipe 12. The shunt pipe 12 sprays the gas into the sampling cavity 1301 of the distribution plate 13 at an inclined angle, so that the air flow impacts the surface of the culture medium in the sampling cavity 1301, prompting the separation of microorganisms in the aerosol from the gas and attaching them to the culture medium; S4: During the shunt process, the air pressure in the lower cavity increases, the gas is ejected from the jet nozzle 14 and pushes the cylinder body 2 to rotate around the base 1, realizing multi-directional sampling within a 360° range; S5: The contact sensor 15 continuously detects obstacles on the outer periphery of the cylinder body 2. When an object blocks or approaches, an alarm sound is triggered; S6: After sampling, turn off the drive fan 1001, open the upper cover plate of the cylinder body 2, take out the culture medium with attached microorganisms in the distribution plate 13, and conduct subsequent culture analysis.

[0055] Further, the inclination angle of the shunt pipe 12 is 30° - 60°, and the distance for triggering the contact sensor 15 is less than 10 cm.

[0056] Furthermore, the sampling time can be flexibly adjusted according to the concentration of microbial aerosol in the actual environment. Generally, in an environment with a relatively low concentration of microbial aerosol, the sampling time can be set to 60 minutes; in an environment with a relatively high concentration, the sampling time can be appropriately shortened to 30 minutes. The gas flow rate is set according to the characteristics of the microbial aerosol, with a range of 5 - 10 liters per minute, ensuring efficient sample collection without damaging the microorganisms due to excessive flow rate.

[0057] Example 3 Based on Example 1, in this example, the electronic control component is improved and an electrified type is adopted. The electronic control component is equipped with a standard power interface and can be connected to the mains or other stable power sources through an external power cord to supply power to the device. This design has advantages in some scenarios with insufficient light or requiring long - term continuous sampling, avoiding the situation where the device cannot work properly due to insufficient solar energy. The control part of the electronic control component uses a micro - control unit (MCU) with a higher integration level, which has more powerful data - processing capabilities and more stable control performance compared to Example 1. The operation interface is changed to a combination of physical buttons and a liquid crystal display screen. The physical buttons have obvious tactile feedback, which is convenient for operation in complex environments such as the field. For example, a dedicated "Start / Stop" button is set to easily turn on or off the sampling device; the "Parameter Setting" button is used to enter the parameter adjustment interface, and key parameters such as sampling time and gas flow rate can be easily modified through the "+" and "-" buttons. The operator can quickly switch between different function interfaces through the buttons and clearly view the real - time data of sampling time, gas flow rate, and the current alarm threshold setting on the liquid crystal display screen.

[0058] In addition, the electronic control component also adds a wireless communication module, supporting two connection methods: Bluetooth and Wi - Fi. When the contact sensor around the sampling device detects that an object is blocking or the approaching distance is less than 10 cm, it will immediately send an alarm signal to the electronic control component. After receiving the alarm signal, on the one hand, the electronic control component will trigger the built - in alarm sound to alert the on - site personnel; on the other hand, it will send the alarm information to the operator's mobile phone or computer through the wireless communication module. This is convenient for the operator to timely understand the on - site situation and take corresponding measures to ensure that the sampling process is not interfered by the outside world.

[0059] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above - mentioned embodiments. The above - mentioned embodiments and the descriptions in the specification only illustrate the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A microbial aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary medicine, characterized in that: include: Base (1); The cylinder (2) is rotatably arranged above the base (1), and has a hollow structure inside, which is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity by a partition (201); A collecting assembly, comprising at least one collecting unit, wherein the collecting unit is arranged in the upper cavity, one end of the collecting unit passes through the cylinder (2) and communicates with the outside, and the other end is connected to the connecting cylinder (9); A transmission member (10) is disposed below the collection assembly and is used to accelerate the collected gas; A flow splitter assembly is arranged in the lower cavity and is in communication with the transmission member (10) and is used for performing flow splitting sampling on the collected gas.

2. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The collecting unit comprises: A drainage fan (3) is provided which penetrates the cylinder (2) and communicates with the outside; The separation cylinder (5) is open at both ends and is provided with an air inlet joint (6) located on one side of the drainage fan (3) and a spiral tube (7) connected to the air inlet joint (6); The filter cartridge (8) is connected to a side of the separation cartridge (5) away from the drainage fan (3).

3. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The filter cartridge (8) comprises a cartridge shell (801), a moving member (802) slidably connected to the cartridge shell (801), and a filter plate (803) arranged on a side close to the connecting cartridge (9).

4. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transmission member (10) comprises a transmission fan (1001) arranged below the connecting cylinder (9), a second protective net (1002) arranged on the periphery of the transmission fan (1001), and a transmission cylinder (1003) connected below the second protective net (1002), and is used to accelerate the gas from the connecting cylinder (9).

5. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The diversion component comprises: The flow splitting nozzle (11) is conical in shape, connected to the transmission cylinder (1003) at the top, and has a circle of openings (1101) on the bottom surface; There are a plurality of flow dividing pipes (12), which are respectively connected to the plurality of openings (1101) in a one-to-one correspondence and are used to divide the accelerated gas into a plurality of gas branches; A distribution plate (13) is arranged on the inner bottom of the cylinder (2), the distribution plate (13) is divided into a plurality of sampling chambers (1301) and corresponds one to one with the flow dividing tubes (12); The diverter tube (12) is inclined relative to the sampling chamber (1301), so that the ejected airflow collides and separates from the culture medium in the sampling chamber (1301), so that the pathogens in the aerosol are fully collected.

6. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized by: An air jet (14) with an inclined angle is provided on the cylinder (2) at the outer peripheral portion of the lower cavity. When the gas pressure in the lower cavity increases, gas is ejected from the air jet (14) and drives the cylinder (2) to rotate.

7. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized by: A plurality of contact sensors (15) are also arranged on the outer periphery of the lower cavity, and are used to emit an alarm sound when detecting that an object is blocking or approaching a certain distance.

8. The aerosol sampling device based on animal husbandry and veterinary microorganisms according to claim 1 is characterized by: The upper cover plate of the cylinder (2) is movably connected to the main body of the cylinder (2), and a handle (202) and an electric control component (203) are provided on the upper cover plate.

9. A sampling method based on a livestock and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: adding appropriate culture medium into each sampling cavity (1301) of the sub-disc (13) to prepare for subsequent pathogen collection, and setting the sampling time, gas flow rate and alarm threshold through the electronic control component (203); S2: The drainage fan (3) is turned on, and the external gas is sucked into the separation cylinder (5) and passes through the spiral tube (7) to form a vortex. Due to the centrifugal effect, some larger particles of impurities are initially separated. The gas that has undergone initial separation enters the filter cylinder (8) and passes through the filter plate (803) to intercept impurities before entering the connecting cylinder (9); S3: The gas in the connecting tube (9) is accelerated by the transmission fan (1001) and enters the flow distribution nozzle (11), and is evenly distributed to each flow distribution pipe (12). The flow distribution pipe (12) sprays the gas into the sampling cavity (1301) of the distribution plate (13) at an inclined angle, so that the gas flow collides with the surface of the culture medium in the sampling cavity (1301), thereby causing the microorganisms in the aerosol to separate from the gas and adhere to the culture medium; S4: During the flow diversion process, the gas pressure in the lower chamber increases, the gas is ejected from the gas jet (14) and drives the cylinder (2) to rotate around the base (1), thereby achieving multi-directional sampling within a range of 360°; S5: The contact sensor (15) detects obstacles on the outer periphery of the cylinder (2) in real time, and triggers an alarm sound when an object blocks or approaches the cylinder (2); S6: After the sampling is completed, the transmission fan (1001) is turned off, and the culture medium with attached microorganisms in the distribution plate (13) is taken out for subsequent culture analysis.

10. The sampling method based on the animal husbandry and veterinary microbial aerosol sampling device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The inclination angle of the shunt pipe (12) is 30°-60°, and the distance for triggering the alarm of the contact sensor (15) is less than 10 cm.

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