Laser cladding method for surface of piercing plug
By measuring and calculating the parameters of laser cladding on the perforated head, the problem of high cost of repairing the head surface is solved, and simple and fast cladding trajectory planning and low-cost repair are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510441128.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
In the manufacturing process of seamless steel pipes, the surface profile quality of the perforated head affects the quality of the inner wall, and the surface of the head is prone to wear and deformation, resulting in a reduced service life and an increase in manufacturing costs. At the same time, when laser cladding technology repairs the conical surface of the curved surface, it is difficult to measure the cladding trajectory parameters simply, resulting in high repair costs.
By using the busbar of the perforated head as the measurement line, identifying the starting point and end point of the area to be laser cladded, the cladding length and total number of cladding turns are determined. Set a measurement point according to each m cladding ring interval, calculate the inclination angle and peripheral circumference at each measurement point, and determine the cladding parameters of each cladding ring, such as the cladding angle, radius and rotation period.
The simplicity and speed of laser cladding trajectory planning is achieved, avoiding the need for using expensive equipment and specialized software, reducing repair costs, and improving the efficiency and effect of laser cladding on the perforated head surface.
Smart Images
Figure CN120174375A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of surface chemical treatment, and more specifically, relates to a method for laser cladding on the surface of a piercing plug. Background Art
[0002] Seamless steel pipes have advantages such as good mechanical properties, easy machining, and long service life, and are widely used in the blanks of hollow precision parts, aerospace frame structures, and pipe fittings required for hydraulic and pneumatic components. For example, precision bearing pipes, pneumatic or hydraulic components, and high-precision structural pipes for vehicles and aerospace. In the manufacturing process of seamless steel pipes, the piercing process, as the first process for processing bars into seamless steel pipes, is used to pierce a hollow blank into a hollow shell through a plug. Obviously, the surface profile quality of the plug affects the quality of the inner wall of the seamless steel pipe. Moreover, in the above process, the surface of the plug applied to working conditions of strong force, high temperature, severe friction, and rapid heating and cooling is extremely prone to defects such as wear and deformation, and at the same time, its service life is greatly reduced. Specifically, on average, dozens or even several seamless steel pipes consume one plug, which also increases the manufacturing cost of seamless steel pipes.
[0003] Laser cladding technology is an advanced material surface repair technology, that is, a high-precision substrate surface repair method in which a laser beam heats the metal surface to a molten state and then melts and deposits a suitable repair material onto the surface of the workpiece substrate (such as a plug) at the same time to form a dense and wear-resistant coating. Laser cladding technology can significantly improve the corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and oxidation resistance of the repaired workpiece, and can be applied to the surface repair of piercing plugs.
[0004] However, the piercing plug has a curved conical shape. When using laser cladding technology for surface repair, it is difficult to obtain the specific cladding trajectory parameters through simple measurement. Currently, for laser cladding processing of parts with such curved conical or more complex shapes, generally, a digital model of the part is obtained through reverse modeling by a three-dimensional scanning device, and the cladding trajectory parameters are generated from the digital model and a special cladding trajectory planning software provided by the cladding equipment manufacturer. This method requires the use of expensive three-dimensional reverse scanning equipment, professional processing of the reverse digital model, and the use of special cladding trajectory planning software, resulting in a complex laser cladding trajectory planning process and a high cost for surface repair of the piercing plug. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a method for laser cladding on the surface of a piercing plug. The method provided by the present invention has a simple and rapid laser cladding trajectory planning, does not require the use of expensive equipment, and has a low cost for surface repair of the piercing plug.
[0006] A method for laser cladding on the surface of a piercing plug provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Take the generatrix of the piercing plug as the measurement line, and mark the starting point and the ending point of the area to be laser cladded on the measurement line. The length between the starting point and the ending point is used as the cladding length of the laser cladding area; Determine the total number of cladding circles required for this cladding length; Determine multiple measurement points on the measurement line according to the principle of setting a measurement point every m cladding circles; According to the height of each measurement point from the bottom surface of the piercing plug and the outer peripheral circumference at each measurement point, calculate the inclination angle at each measurement point; determine the cladding parameters of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the inclination angles and the outer peripheral circumferences of the two adjacent measurement points. The cladding parameters include the cladding inclination angle, the cladding radius, and the rotation period for processing each cladding circle; According to the cladding parameters of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points, sequentially complete the laser cladding of the area between the two adjacent measurement points until the laser cladding of the entire laser cladding area is completed.
[0007] More preferably, the method for determining the cladding parameters of each cladding circle is specifically as follows: Determine the cladding inclination angle of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the inclination angles at the two measurement points; Determine the radius of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the outer peripheral circumferences of the two measurement points; Determine the rotation period for processing each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the linear velocity of the surface cladding determined in the laser cladding process parameters and the radius of this cladding circle.
[0008] More preferably, determine the cladding inclination angle of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the change amount of the cladding inclination angle between the two adjacent measurement points and the position of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles; Obtain the radius change amount according to the perimeter change amount between the two adjacent measurement points, and then determine the cladding radius of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the radius change amount and the position of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles.
[0009] More preferably, obtain the average change amount of the cladding inclination angle per circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the change amount of the cladding inclination angle between the two adjacent measurement points, and then determine the cladding inclination angle of the current circle according to the average change amount of the cladding inclination angle per circle between the two adjacent measurement points and the cladding inclination angle of the previous cladding circle; Obtain the average change amount of the cladding radius per circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the change amount of the cladding radius between the two adjacent measurement points, and determine the cladding radius of the current circle according to the average change amount of the cladding radius per circle between the two adjacent measurement points and the cladding radius of the previous cladding circle.
[0010] More preferably, the cladding parameters of each cladding circle further include the feeding speed of the cladding head, and the feeding speed is determined according to the center distance between two adjacent cladding circles and the rotation period of each cladding circle processing.
[0011] More preferably, when multi-layer cladding is required, the radius increment of each measurement point is determined according to the increased height of each cladding layer relative to single-layer cladding, and then the cladding radius of each cladding circle and the rotation period of each cladding circle processing of the new cladding layer are determined according to the cladding radius of each cladding circle during single-layer cladding and the radius increment of each layer. The cladding inclination angles of each layer of cladding circles are the same as those during single-layer cladding.
[0012] More preferably, according to the linear velocity of surface cladding and the radius of each cladding circle of the layer where it is located, the rotation period of each cladding circle processing between two adjacent measurement points of the layer where it is located is determined.
[0013] More preferably, the distance between two adjacent measurement points is 10 mm - 20 mm, and the number m of cladding circles is an integer.
[0014] More preferably, when laser cladding is performed in the laser cladding area, the cladding direction is from the tip of the piercing tip to the bottom surface.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By using the generatrix of the piercing head as the measurement line, and on the basis of obtaining the total number of cladding circles required for the cladding length, according to the principle of setting a measurement point every m cladding circles, multiple measurement points are determined on the measurement line, and the measurement points are used as the core points of trajectory planning. Any two adjacent measurement points form an independent cladding segment. On the premise of ensuring a reasonable distance between two measurement points and an integer number of cladding circles, independent cladding trajectories are planned for each cladding segment. The present invention is simpler and faster in the planning of cladding trajectories, avoiding the problem of high repair costs caused by the need to use expensive equipment and various special processing software.
[0016] The present invention only needs to measure the external geometric parameters of each measurement point with the help of simple measurement tools, and at the same time, combined with the single-pass width, overlapping rate, center distance, etc. in the laser cladding parameters, the parameters directly applied to the processing equipment can be obtained. Therefore, the present invention realizes quickly planning the cladding trajectory and determining the cladding scheme for piercing tips of any size with the help of simple tools and simple measurements, improves the laser cladding efficiency of the piercing head surface, enhances the repair speed of the piercing head, and reduces the processing cost of seamless steel pipes.
[0017] The present invention reasonably divides the curved conical surface of the piercing head into multiple different cladding segments, and the cladding parameters of different cladding segments are determined according to the geometric parameters of the two measurement points corresponding to them, realizing the improvement of the laser cladding effect on the piercing head surface while improving the efficiency. Description of the Drawings
[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process parameters for laser cladding in the embodiments of the present invention.
[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement parameters of the piercing plug in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 。
[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement parameters of the piercing plug in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 。 Detailed implementation manners
[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Apparently, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0022] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains. The "first", "second", and similar terms used in the present disclosure do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. The terms such as "including" or "comprising" mean that the elements or items appearing before "including" or "comprising" cover the elements or items listed after "including" or "comprising" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. The terms such as "connected" or "coupled" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.
[0023] A method for laser cladding on the surface of a piercing plug provided by the present invention includes the following steps: Taking the generatrix of the piercing plug as the measurement line, and marking the starting point and the ending point of the area to be laser clad on the measurement line, and the length between the starting point and the ending point is used as the cladding length of the laser cladding area; Determining the laser cladding process parameters, and calculating the total number of cladding circles required to cover the cladding length based on the single-pass cladding width, overlapping rate, center distance between adjacent two cladding passes, and cladding length of the laser cladding area during laser cladding; When determining the laser cladding process parameters, the best parameter combination can be obtained through orthogonal experiments to improve the laser cladding effect.
[0024] A plurality of measurement points are determined on the measurement line according to the principle of setting a measurement point every m cladding circles, the distance between two adjacent measurement points is 10 mm - 20 mm, and the number m of cladding circles is an integer.
[0025] Taking the area between two adjacent measurement points on the measurement line as a cladding section, during laser cladding, the laser cladding of each cladding section is sequentially completed from the starting point to the ending point until the laser cladding of the entire laser cladding area is completed.
[0026] After determining the measurement points, measure the height of each measurement point from the bottom surface of the piercing plug and the outer peripheral circumference at each measurement point, and calculate the inclination angle at each measurement point according to the measured height and outer peripheral circumference. The inclination angle at each measurement point is the inclination angle of each measurement point relative to the central axis. Determine the cladding parameters of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measurement points according to the inclination angles and outer peripheral circumferences of the two adjacent measurement points. The cladding parameters include the cladding inclination angle, the cladding radius, and the rotation period of the cladding circle processing; The specific method for determining the cladding parameters of each cladding circle is as follows: The cladding inclination angle of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points is determined according to the inclination angles at the two measurement points; The radius of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points is determined according to the outer peripheral circumferences of the two measurement points; The rotation period of the processing of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points is determined according to the linear speed v of the surface cladding determined in the laser cladding process parameters and the radius of the cladding circle; Complete the laser cladding of the current cladding circle according to the determined cladding inclination angle of the current cladding circle, the rotation period of the current cladding circle processing, and the feed speed, and complete the laser cladding of the current cladding section and each subsequent cladding section in the same way.
[0027] In this embodiment, by segmenting the curved surface cone of the piercing plug and approximately treating the curved surface cone as a straight cone for calculation and processing within each segment. Only simple measuring tools are needed to measure several sets of external geometric data, such as measuring the length of the cone generatrix with a flexible ruler and measuring the diameter with a circumferential ruler, and then combining the process parameters of the cladding process: single-pass cladding width, overlapping rate, center distance, etc., the parameters that can be directly applied to the processing equipment can be obtained. The specific calculation can be realized through various methods such as calculation with an excel table and writing a computer program, and the means and forms are flexible and diverse.
[0028] More preferably, determine the cladding inclination angle of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points according to the change amount of the cladding inclination angle between the two adjacent measurement points and the position of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles; The change in radius is obtained based on the change in perimeter between two adjacent measurement points, and then the cladding radius of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points is determined according to the change in radius and the position of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles. In this embodiment, when determining the cladding inclination angle, the radius of the current cladding circle, and the rotation period of the current cladding circle processing, the cladding inclination angle of the current cladding circle is determined according to the inclination angle at the nth measurement point and the inclination angle at the (n + 1)th measurement point in the current cladding section (i.e., the axis inclination angle of the piercing plug to be processed) is:
[0029] : Wherein, is the position of each cladding circle between two adjacent measurement points in the total number of cladding circles. More specifically, is a numerical number starting from 1; is the inclination angle at the (n + 1)th measurement point; is the inclination angle at the nth measurement point.
[0030] The radius of the current cladding circle is determined according to the outer perimeters of the two measurement points corresponding to the current cladding section is: ; wherein, is the circumference at the (n + 1)th measurement point; is the circumference at the nth measurement point; is the circumferential radius at the nth measurement point.
[0031] The rotation period of the current cladding circle processing is determined according to the determined linear velocity v of the surface cladding is:
[0032] As another preferred solution, the change in cladding inclination angle per circle on average between two adjacent measurement points is obtained based on the change in cladding inclination angle between two adjacent measurement points, and then the cladding inclination angle of the current circle is determined according to the change in cladding inclination angle per circle on average between two adjacent measurement points and the cladding inclination angle of the previous cladding circle.
[0033] The change in cladding radius per circle on average between two adjacent measurement points is obtained based on the change in cladding radius between two adjacent measurement points, and the cladding radius of the current circle is determined according to the change in cladding radius per circle on average between two adjacent measurement points and the cladding radius of the previous cladding circle. In this embodiment, the cladding inclination angle , the cladding radius and the rotation period of the cladding circle processing of the first cladding circle are first calculated according to the above formula, and then the cladding inclination angle , the radius of the cladding circle and the rotation period of the cladding circle machining , and the increment formula is expressed as:
[0034] ; where is the cladding inclination angle of the previous cladding circle; ; where is the cladding radius of the previous cladding circle; Unit: r / min.
[0035] More preferably, the cladding parameters of each cladding circle further include the feed speed of the cladding head, and the feed speed is determined according to the center distance between adjacent two cladding circles and the rotation period of each cladding circle machining. When cladding each cladding circle, the feed speed of the cladding head is: , unit: mm / s; where, is the center distance between adjacent two cladding circles, is the rotation period of the current cladding circle machining.
[0036] More preferably, when multi-layer cladding is required, the radius increment of each measurement point is determined according to the height increased by each cladding layer relative to single-layer cladding, and then the cladding radius and the rotation period of each cladding circle of the new cladding layer are determined according to the cladding radius of each cladding circle during single-layer cladding and the radius increment of each layer. The cladding inclination angle of each layer of cladding circles is the same as that during single-layer cladding. More specifically, when multi-layer cladding is required, re-cladding is performed on the surface formed by the first-layer cladding. If the height of each layer of cladding increases by δ in terms of the outer shape relative to the previous layer of cladding, then for the new cladding layer, the radius increment of each measurement point n is: , for the z-th layer, ; then according to the single-layer cladding formula, the parameters of the new cladding layer are calculated, and the rotation period of the current cladding circle of the new cladding layer is:
[0037] ; where, δ is the single-layer cladding height; z is the number of cladding layers; the cladding inclination angle of the current cladding circle is the same as that of the previous layer; or, after determining the rotation period of the cladding circle according to the above formula , then calculate the rotation periods of other cladding circles according to the increment formula; the increment formula is: .
[0038] More preferably, when laser cladding is performed in the laser cladding area, the cladding direction is from the tip of the piercing tip to the bottom surface.
[0039] Example 1 Determine the measurement points First, draw a line on the outer surface of the piercing plug to determine a generatrix as the measurement line, and mark the starting and ending points to be clad on the measurement line. Then, the cladding length S is the length between the starting and ending points determined along the generatrix direction.
[0040] Select a series of measurement points along the measurement line direction. The number of measurement points is determined as follows: From the cladding process, the single-pass cladding width is W, the overlapping rate is η, and the center distance between adjacent two cladding tracks is (1); Among the process parameters of laser cladding, , then the number of cladding circles required to cover the specified cladding length S can be obtained (2); Calculate one measurement point for every m cladding circles. Then the step size for selecting measurement points on the conical generatrix is: (3), and the specific value of m depends on the specific size of the piercing plug. As a preferred method, m is taken to be about 5.
[0041] Particularly, in order to determine the data of the measurement point at the cladding end point, add one more measurement point after the last measurement point.
[0042] Measure the data at each measurement point Use a height gauge to measure the height hn of each measurement point, and use a circumferential gauge to measure the outer circle circumference of each measurement point. The circumference at each measurement point is c n .
[0043] Then the inclination angle at point n can be determined: (4); Determination of cladding process parameters For single-layer cladding The number of cladding circles required for the cladding section from measurement point n to the next measurement point n + 1 is m. Each cladding circle is numbered in sequence. Let the current cladding circle be .
[0044] Then for the cladding section between two measurement points, the inclination angle for each circle of cladding can be calculated as: (5), or expressed as an incremental formula: ; Then the radius of the current cladding circle can be determined as: , or expressed as an incremental formula: ; According to the determined linear velocity v of the surface cladding, the rotation period for processing the current cladding circle is: (6), or expressed as an incremental formula: Unit: r / min; This is the rotation speed of the rotary table; Furthermore, the feed rate of the cladding head per revolution is determined: (7), unit: mm / s; From the above calculations, according to the requirements of the cladding process, the parameters of each revolution of the cladding can be finally calculated: θ, T, and .
[0045] For multi-layer cladding Multi-layer cladding is carried out on the surface formed by the first layer of cladding. For each layer of cladding relative to the previous layer, the height profile increases by z.
[0046] Then, for the new cladding layer, the radius increment at each measurement point n is: , for the z-th layer, ; then, according to the single-layer cladding formula, the rotation period of the current cladding circle of the new cladding layer is: (8) or ; since the height z of the cladding layer is small, except for the case where increasing the rotation radius affects the cladding wire speed and needs to be corrected, the changes in other parameters are very small, so they can be the same as those of the previous layer.
[0047] Realization of the cladding process Based on the parameters of each revolution of the cladding calculated in advance, as a preferred method, this calculation process can be automatically calculated and generated through methods such as calculation programs. The results can be input into the processing program of the cladding equipment. During the processing operation, the piercing plug is clamped on the two-axis positioner, and the inclination angle at which the positioner is lifted relative to the horizontal position is the calculated above.
[0048] Considering that the cumulative effect of the thermal influence during laser cladding may have an adverse effect on the cladding, the cladding direction is from the tip of the piercing plug to the bottom surface. The laser cladding working point first moves to the starting point near the top and then starts cladding.
[0049] After the cladding is completed, wait for the workpiece to cool, unload it from the positioner workbench, and perform post-processing such as grinding on the cladding surface, that is, all processing procedures are completed.
[0050] This embodiment can quickly measure the dimensional parameters of the piercing plug, meet the needs of laser cladding, and improve the speed of measuring the piercing plug; this embodiment provides a calculation method for the cladding trajectory parameters in combination with the existing dimensional parameters of the piercing plug and the cladding process parameters, and can directly obtain the cladding trajectory parameters through the measured parameters; the parameters obtained by this calculation method can be used to set the processing program path parameters on specific processing equipment.
[0051] Application example For a certain part, the cladding length S = 80 mm; assume that the adopted cladding process parameters are: the width of a single cladding pass W = 3 mm, the overlapping rate η = 0.35, and the wire speed v = 15 mm / s; Then, from formula (1), we get = 1.95 mm; Then, from formula (2), the total number of cladding turns p = 40.48 turns, and it is rounded up to 40 turns for calculation; Let m = 10, then from formula (3), we get: = 19.5 mm. (The selection of the m value generally requires that the distance between the two measurement points determined by m is between 10 - 20 mm. If the distance is too small, the measurement error will affect the calculation result. If the distance is too large, the calculation is too rough and the result is inaccurate. In practice, it still needs to be determined by experience according to the actual shape of the workpiece);
[0052] Then the number of measurement points n = S / = 4.4, which is rounded up to 5. Considering one more measurement point in the last step, a total of 6 measurement points are selected; Then, from the vertex to the bottom surface, the outer diameter and height of each measurement point are measured in sequence and substituted into formula (4) to calculate the θ angle value, and the results are shown in Table 1 as follows: Table 1 The height hn, outer diameter cn and angle value θ corresponding to 6 measurement points From m = 10, 10 turns of cladding are performed between every two measurement points. Substitute into formula (5), (6), (7) Calculate the inclination angle (°), rotational speed T (r / min), and feed speed (mm / s) for each turn of cladding.
[0053] If multi-layer cladding is required, calculate in combination with formula (8). Finally, the following results are obtained. Only the case of cladding to the third layer is taken as an example for multi-layer cladding, and the cladding parameters of each cladding layer for three-layer cladding are shown in Table 2; Table 2 The cladding parameters of each cladding layer for three-layer cladding Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A laser cladding method for a perforated plug surface, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The generatrix of the perforated plug is used as a measuring line, and the starting point and the ending point of the area to be laser clad are marked on the measuring line, and the length between the starting point and the ending point is used as the cladding length of the laser cladding area; Determine the total number of cladding turns required for the cladding length; According to the principle of setting one measuring point every m cladding circles, multiple measuring points are determined on the measuring line; According to the height of each measuring point from the bottom surface of the perforated head and the outer circumference of each measuring point, the inclination angle at each measuring point is calculated; according to the inclination angle and the outer circumference of two adjacent measuring points, the cladding parameters of each cladding circle between the two adjacent measuring points are determined, and the cladding parameters include the cladding inclination angle, the cladding radius and the rotation period of the cladding circle processing; According to the cladding parameters of each cladding circle between two adjacent measuring points, the laser cladding of the area between the two adjacent measuring points is completed in sequence until the laser cladding of the entire laser cladding area is completed.
2. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific method for determining the cladding parameters of each cladding circle is as follows: Determine the cladding inclination of each cladding circle between two adjacent measuring points according to the inclinations at the two measuring points; Determine the radius of each cladding circle between two adjacent measuring points according to the outer perimeter of the two measuring points; According to the linear speed of the surface cladding and the radius of the cladding circle determined in the laser cladding process parameters, the revolution period of each cladding circle processing between two adjacent measuring points is determined.
3. The laser cladding method for the surface of the perforated plug according to claim 2, characterized in that: According to the variation of the cladding inclination between two adjacent measuring points and the ranking of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles, the cladding inclination of each cladding circle between two adjacent measuring points is determined; The radius change is obtained according to the circumference change between two adjacent measuring points, and then the cladding radius of each cladding circle between two adjacent measuring points is determined according to the radius change and the position of each cladding circle in the total number of cladding circles.
4. The laser cladding method for the surface of the perforated plug according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cladding inclination angle change amount corresponding to each circle between the two adjacent measuring points is obtained according to the cladding inclination angle change amount between the two adjacent measuring points, and then the cladding inclination angle of the current circle is determined according to the cladding inclination angle change amount corresponding to each circle between the two adjacent measuring points and the cladding inclination angle of the previous cladding circle; The cladding radius change amount corresponding to each circle between two adjacent measuring points is obtained according to the cladding radius change amount between two adjacent measuring points, and the cladding radius of the current circle is determined according to the cladding radius change amount corresponding to each circle between two adjacent measuring points and the cladding radius of the previous cladding circle.
5. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cladding parameters of each cladding circle also include the feed speed of the cladding head, and the feed speed is determined according to the center distance between two adjacent cladding circles and the rotation period of each cladding circle processing.
6. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 3, characterized in that: When multi-layer cladding is required, the radius increment of each measuring point is determined according to the increased height of each cladding layer relative to single-layer cladding. Then, the cladding radius of each cladding circle of the new cladding layer and the rotation period of the cladding circle processing are determined according to the cladding radius of each cladding circle during single-layer cladding and the radius increment of each layer. The cladding inclination angle of each layer of cladding circle is consistent with the cladding inclination angle during single-layer cladding.
7. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the linear speed of the surface cladding and the radius of each cladding circle of the layer, the revolution period of each cladding circle processing between two adjacent measuring points of the layer is determined.
8. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent measuring points is 10 mm to 20 mm, and the number m of cladding circles is an integer.
9. The laser cladding method for the surface of a perforated plug according to claim 1, characterized in that: When laser cladding is performed in the laser cladding area, the cladding direction is from the tip of the perforating tip to the bottom surface.