Radiation refrigeration fiber and preparation method and application thereof
By adopting the radiated refrigeration fiber with a leather-core composite structure, the first radiation refrigeration particles with a larger particle size and the second radiation refrigeration particles with a smaller particle size are optimized, and the reflection performance of the fiber is solved, which solves the shortcomings of traditional fibers in the full spectrum of solar light reflection performance, and achieves efficient radiation refrigeration effect and production safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510387636.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-20
AI Technical Summary
Traditional radiation refrigeration fibers perform poorly in the full spectrum reflection performance of solar light, resulting in limited radiation refrigeration effect of radiation refrigeration fabrics, which is difficult to meet the needs of efficient cooling.
The radiation refrigeration fiber adopts a skin-core composite structure. The core layer contains the first radiation refrigeration particles of a larger particle size, and the cortex contains the second radiation refrigeration particles of a smaller particle size. By adjusting the particle size and mass fraction, the reflective performance of the fiber is optimized.
The excellent full-spectrum reflection performance of radiation refrigeration fibers is achieved, the radiation refrigeration effect of radiation refrigeration fabrics is improved, and the wear on the equipment is reduced during the production process and safety is improved.
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Figure CN120174508A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of radiative cooling, and particularly to a radiative cooling fiber, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art
[0002] At present, with the increasing demand for radiative cooling fabrics, the traditional preparation method of radiative cooling fabrics is mainly to mix radiative cooling particles with a specific particle size and a polymer substrate in proportion to form a masterbatch, then extrude and form the radiative cooling fiber through a spinning component, and finally weave it into a radiative cooling fabric. However, the radiative cooling fiber made in this way can only strongly reflect the spectrum in a specific wavelength range of the solar spectrum, and has poor full-spectrum reflection performance of sunlight, which in turn leads to limited radiative cooling effect of the radiative cooling fabric and is difficult to meet the demand for efficient cooling. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a radiative cooling fiber, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The radiative cooling fiber has excellent full-spectrum reflection performance of sunlight, and the radiative cooling fabric made from the radiative cooling fiber has excellent radiative cooling effect.
[0004] The present invention provides a radiative cooling fiber. The radiative cooling fiber layer includes a core layer and a skin layer coated on the outer surface of the core layer. Among them, the core layer includes a first radiative cooling particle, and the D 90 of the first radiative cooling particle is a, and the mass fraction in the core layer is m. The skin layer includes a second radiative cooling particle, and the D 90 of the second radiative cooling particle is b, and the mass fraction in the skin layer is n. m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6 nm - 1500 nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025 nm - 50 nm, a / m = k * b * n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
[0005] In one embodiment, a = 300 nm - 5000 nm, b = 5 nm - 1000 nm.
[0006] In one embodiment, the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particle in the core layer is 2% - 50%.
[0007] In one embodiment, the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particle in the skin layer is 0.5% - 30%.
[0008] In one embodiment, on a cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the radiative cooling fiber, the ratio of the area of the core layer to the area of the skin layer is 0.8:1 - 5:1.
[0009] In one embodiment, the first radiative cooling particle and the second radiative cooling particle are each independently selected from at least one of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, calcium fluoride, barium sulfate, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, jade powder, calcium carbonate, boron nitride, and magnesium oxide.
[0010] In one embodiment, the substrate of the core layer and the substrate of the skin layer are each independently selected from at least one of polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, or polyvinylidene fluoride.
[0011] A method for preparing a radiative cooling fiber as described above, comprising the following steps:
[0012] Providing a core layer spinning masterbatch comprising a first radiative cooling particle;
[0013] Providing a skin layer spinning masterbatch comprising a second radiative cooling particle; and
[0014] Making the core layer spinning masterbatch into a core layer melt, making the skin layer spinning masterbatch into a skin layer melt, and simultaneously inputting the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a core-sheath composite spinning assembly and obtaining a radiative cooling fiber through a melt spinning process;
[0015] Wherein, the D of the first radiative cooling particle 90 is a, and the mass fraction in the core layer is m, the D of the second radiative cooling particle 90 is b, and the mass fraction in the skin layer is n, and m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6 nm - 1500 nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025 nm - 50 nm, a / m = k * b * n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
[0016] In one embodiment, in the step of simultaneously inputting the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a core-sheath composite spinning assembly and obtaining a radiative cooling fiber through a melt spinning process, the mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 0.8:1 - 5:1.
[0017] An application of a radiative cooling fiber as described above in a radiative cooling fabric.
[0018] The radiative cooling fiber provided by the present invention has a core-sheath composite structure. In this structure, the D of the first radiative cooling particle 90 , the mass fraction in the core layer is m, the D of the second radiative cooling particle 90, the mass fraction n in the cortex satisfies specific conditions. In particular, the D of the first radiative cooling particles in the core layer 90 is greater than the D of the second radiative cooling particles in the cortex 90 . The first radiative cooling particles with larger particle sizes have stronger reflection targeting for the infrared spectrum in sunlight; while the second radiative cooling particles with smaller particle sizes not only exhibit excellent reflection performance in the short-wave band of the solar spectrum, but also can construct a dense structure to further enhance the reflection effect of sunlight. Based on this, the radiative cooling fiber has excellent full-spectrum sunlight reflection performance, and the radiative cooling fabric prepared from it also shows excellent radiative cooling effect. In addition, since the second radiative cooling particles with smaller particle sizes are not easily exposed on the surface of the radiative cooling fiber, during the melt spinning process, it can reduce the wear of accessories such as spinnerets, godets, and rabbit heads, thereby improving the safety of the production process of the radiative cooling fiber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.
[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a radiative cooling fiber according to an embodiment provided by the present invention.
[0021] In the figure, 10 is the core layer; 101 is the first radiative cooling particle; 20 is the cortex; 201 is the second radiative cooling particle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0022] To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively below with reference to relevant embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive.
[0023] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features.
[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this invention belongs. The terms used in the description of the present invention herein are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the related listed items.
[0025] In a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radiative cooling fiber, as Figure 1 shown, the radiative cooling fiber layer includes a core layer 10 and a skin layer 20 coated on the outer surface of the core layer 10. Among them, the core layer 10 includes a first radiative cooling particle 101, and the skin layer 20 includes a second radiative cooling particle 201. The D 90 of the first radiative cooling particle 101 is a, and the mass fraction in the core layer 10 is m. The D 90 of the second radiative cooling particle 201 is b, and the mass fraction in the skin layer 20 is n. m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6 nm - 1500 nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025 nm - 50 nm, a / m = k * b * n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
[0026] Including but not limited to, k1 = 6 nm, 20 nm, 22 nm, 24 nm, 25 nm, 27 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm, 50 nm, 55 nm, 60 nm, 70 nm, 80 nm, 90 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 1100 nm, 1200 nm, 1300 nm, 1400 nm or 1500 nm. Preferably, k1 = 20 nm - 55 nm;
[0027] k2 = 0.025 nm, 0.4 nm, 0.45 nm, 1 nm, 1.5 nm, 2 nm, 2.5 nm, 3 nm, 3.5 nm,
[0028] 4 nm, 5 nm, 6 nm, 7 nm, 8 nm, 9 nm, 10 nm, 15 nm, 20 nm, 25 nm, 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm or 50 nm. Preferably, k2 = 0.4 nm - 10 nm;
[0029] k = 10 2 、200、210、220、222、230、300、400、500、600、700、750、800、
[0030] 900, 10 3 , 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000, 8000, 8333.3, 8500, 9000, 10 4 、10 5 or 10 6 , preferably, k = 200 - 10 4 .
[0031] The radiation cooling fiber provided by the present invention has a skin-core composite structure. In this structure, the D of the first radiation cooling particle 101 90 , and the mass fraction in the core layer 10 is m, and the D of the second radiation cooling particle 201 90 , and the mass fraction in the skin layer 20 is n, which satisfies specific conditions. In particular, the D of the first radiation cooling particle 101 in the core layer 10 90 is greater than the D of the second radiation cooling particle 201 in the skin layer 20 90 . It can be understood that D 90 refers to the particle size value corresponding to 90% of the total particle size in the cumulative particle size distribution curve.
[0032] Specifically, the first radiation cooling particle 101 with a larger particle size has stronger reflection targeting for the infrared spectrum in sunlight. In one embodiment, a = 300 nm - 5000 nm, including but not limited to 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm, 1000 nm, 1500 nm, 2000 nm, 2500 nm, 3000 nm, 3500 nm, 4000 nm, 4500 nm or 5000 nm.
[0033] The second radiation cooling particle 201 with a smaller particle size not only has excellent reflection performance for the solar spectrum in the short-wave band, but also can construct a dense structure to further enhance the reflection effect of sunlight. In one embodiment, b = 5 nm - 1000 nm, including but not limited to 5 nm, 100 nm, 200 nm, 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 600 nm, 700 nm, 800 nm, 900 nm or 1000 nm.
[0034] Based on this, the radiation cooling fiber has excellent full-spectrum sunlight reflection performance, and the radiation cooling fabric prepared with it also shows excellent radiation cooling effect. In addition, since the second radiation cooling particle 201 with a smaller particle size is not easily exposed on the surface of the radiation cooling fiber, during the melt spinning process, it can reduce the wear of accessories such as spinnerets, godets, and rabbit heads, thereby improving the safety of the production process of the radiation cooling fiber.
[0035] In one embodiment, the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particles 101 in the core layer 10 is 2% - 50%, including but not limited to 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45% or 50%; thereby enabling the radiative cooling fiber to have both excellent radiative cooling effect and mechanical properties.
[0036] In one embodiment, the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 in the skin layer 20 is 0.5% - 30%, including but not limited to 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% or 30%, thereby enabling the radiative cooling fiber to have both excellent radiative cooling effect, and at the same time making the surface hardness of the radiative cooling fiber moderate and not causing wear to the equipment.
[0037] The cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the radiative cooling fiber can be circular, triangular or Y-shaped. In one embodiment, on the cross-section perpendicular to the central axis of the radiative cooling fiber, the ratio of the area of the core layer 10 to the area of the skin layer 20 is 0.8:1 - 5:1, including but not limited to 0.8:1, 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.4:1, 1.6:1, 1.8:1, 2:1, 2.2:1, 2.4:1, 2.6:1, 2.8:1, 3:1, 3.2:1, 3.4:1, 3.6:1, 3.8:1, 4:1, 4.2:1, 4.4:1, 4.6:1, 4.8:1 or 5:1.
[0038] The types of the first radiative cooling particles 101 and the second radiative cooling particles 201 may be the same or different. In one embodiment, the first radiative cooling particles 101 and the second radiative cooling particles 201 are each independently selected from at least one of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, calcium fluoride, barium sulfate, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, jade powder, calcium carbonate, boron nitride, magnesium oxide; preferably, the first radiative cooling particles 101 are selected from anatase titanium dioxide, rutile titanium dioxide or calcium fluoride, and the second radiative cooling particles 201 are selected from fumed silica, rutile titanium dioxide or barium sulfate.
[0039] The base materials of the core layer 10 and the skin layer 20 may be the same or different. In one embodiment, the base materials of the core layer 10 and the skin layer 20 are independently selected from at least one of polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, or polyvinylidene fluoride; in order to endow the radiation cooling fiber with excellent wear resistance, dyeability, weather resistance, and mechanical properties, the base materials of the core layer 10 and the skin layer 20 are different. Specifically, the base material of the core layer 10 is selected from polyamide, and the base material of the skin layer 20 is selected from polyethylene terephthalate.
[0040] In a second aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a radiation cooling fiber is provided, including the following steps:
[0041] S10, providing a core layer spinning masterbatch including first radiation cooling particles 101;
[0042] S20, providing a skin layer spinning masterbatch including second radiation cooling particles 201; and
[0043] S30, making the skin layer spinning masterbatch into a skin layer melt, making the core layer spinning masterbatch into a core layer melt, and simultaneously inputting the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a core-sheath composite spinning assembly and obtaining a radiation cooling fiber through a melt spinning process;
[0044] Wherein, the D of the first radiation cooling particle 101 90 is a, and the mass fraction in the core layer 10 is m, the D of the second radiation cooling particle 201 90 is b, and the mass fraction in the skin layer 20 is n, and m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6 nm - 1500 nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025 nm - 50 nm, a / m = k * b * n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
[0045] In step S10, there is no limitation on the method for providing the core layer spinning masterbatch, as long as the core layer spinning masterbatch includes the first radiation cooling particles 101 and the base material of the skin layer 20. In one embodiment, the first radiation cooling particles 101 are mixed with the base material of the core layer 10 and subjected to shearing and kneading actions to make the first radiation cooling particles 101 uniformly dispersed in the base material of the core layer 10, and then the core layer spinning masterbatch is prepared.
[0046] In the core layer spinning masterbatch, the mass fraction of the first radiation cooling particles 101 is preferably 1% - 60%.
[0047] In step S20, there is no limitation on the method for preparing the skin spinning masterbatch. In one embodiment, as long as the skin spinning masterbatch includes the second radiative cooling particles 201 and the substrate of the skin layer 20. In one embodiment, the second radiative cooling particles 201 are mixed with the substrate of the skin layer 20 and subjected to shearing and kneading, so that the second radiative cooling particles 201 are uniformly dispersed in the substrate of the skin layer 20, thereby obtaining the skin spinning masterbatch.
[0048] In the skin spinning masterbatch, the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 is preferably 1% - 60%.
[0049] In step S30, when the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particles 101 in the core spinning masterbatch is equal to the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particles 101 in the core layer 10, the step of forming the core spinning masterbatch into a core melt includes directly melting the core spinning masterbatch to form the core melt; when the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particles 101 in the core spinning masterbatch is greater than the mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particles 101 in the core layer 10, the step of forming the core spinning masterbatch into a core melt includes mixing the core spinning masterbatch with the substrate of the core layer 10 and melting to obtain the core melt.
[0050] When the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 in the skin spinning masterbatch is equal to the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 in the skin layer 20, the step of forming the skin spinning masterbatch into a skin melt includes directly melting the skin spinning masterbatch to form the skin melt; when the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 in the skin spinning masterbatch is greater than the mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particles 201 in the skin layer 20, the step of forming the skin spinning masterbatch into a skin melt includes mixing the skin spinning masterbatch with the substrate of the skin layer 20 and melting to obtain the skin melt.
[0051] In the step of simultaneously inputting the skin melt and the core melt into a core - sheath composite spinning assembly and obtaining the radiative cooling fiber through a melt - spinning process, the mass ratio of the skin melt to the core melt is 0.8:1 - 5:1, including but not limited to 0.8:1, 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.4:1, 1.6:1, 1.8:1, 2:1, 2.2:1, 2.4:1, 2.6:1, 2.8:1, 3:1, 3.2:1, 3.4:1, 3.6:1, 3.8:1, 4:1, 4.2:1, 4.4:1, 4.6:1, 4.8:1 or 5:1.
[0052] In the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an application of the radiative cooling fiber as described above in a radiative cooling fabric.
[0053] Since the radiative cooling fiber provided by the present invention has excellent full-spectrum sunlight reflection performance, the radiative cooling fabric has excellent properties such as breathability, cooling and heat insulation, and ultraviolet protection, and can be well used to prepare products such as sunscreen clothes, curtains, tents, sunshades, awnings, sun hats, and sun turbans.
[0054] The present invention will be further described in detail below with specific examples and comparative examples. It can be understood that the instruments and raw materials used in the following examples are relatively specific, and in other specific examples, this may not be limited.
[0055] Example 1
[0056] Using anatase titanium dioxide powder with D 90 of 1000 nm as the first radiative cooling particle 101, and polyethylene terephthalate as the base material of the core layer 10, the first radiative cooling particle 101 is mixed with the base material of the core layer 10 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a core layer spinning masterbatch containing the first radiative cooling particle 101. The mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particle 101 in the core layer spinning masterbatch is 50%.
[0057] Using fumed silica powder with D 90 of 30 nm as the second radiative cooling particle 201, and polyethylene terephthalate as the base material of the skin layer 20, the second radiative cooling particle 201 is mixed with the base material of the skin layer 20 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a skin layer spinning masterbatch containing the second radiative cooling particle 201. The mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particle 201 in the skin layer spinning masterbatch is 30%.
[0058] m, n, a, b satisfy the following conditions: a > b, k1 = 500 nm, m = 500 nm / a, k2 = 9 nm, n = 9 nm / b, k = 222.2, a / m = 222.2 * b * n.
[0059] Mix the core layer spinning masterbatch and the base material of the core layer 10 in a mass ratio of 1:9 and melt them to obtain a core layer melt. Mix the skin layer spinning masterbatch and the base material of the skin layer 20 in a mass ratio of 1:19 and melt them to obtain a skin layer melt. Input the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a core-sheath composite spinning assembly simultaneously and obtain radiative cooling fibers through a melt spinning process. The mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 1:1.
[0060] Weave the obtained radiative cooling fibers into a plain cloth to obtain a radiative cooling fabric.
[0061] Example 2
[0062] Using D 90The rutile titanium dioxide powder with a size of 5000 nm is used as the first radiative cooling particle 101. Polyethylene terephthalate is used as the substrate of the core layer 10. The first radiative cooling particle 101 is mixed with the substrate of the core layer 10 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a core layer spinning masterbatch containing the first radiative cooling particle 101. The mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particle 101 in the core layer spinning masterbatch is 30%.
[0063] Using D 90 The rutile titanium dioxide powder with a size of 100 nm is used as the second radiative cooling particle 201. Polybutylene terephthalate is used as the substrate of the skin layer 20. The second radiative cooling particle 201 is mixed with the substrate of the skin layer 20 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a skin layer spinning masterbatch containing the second radiative cooling particle 201. The mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particle 201 in the skin layer spinning masterbatch is 2%.
[0064] m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a > b, k1 = 1500 nm, m = 1500 nm / a, k2 = 2 nm, n = 2 nm / b, k = 8333.3, and a / m = 8333.3 * b * n.
[0065] The core layer spinning masterbatch and the substrate of the core layer 10 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:5 and melted to obtain a core layer melt. The skin layer spinning masterbatch is melted to obtain a skin layer melt. The skin layer melt and the core layer melt are simultaneously fed into a core-sheath composite spinning assembly and a radiative cooling fiber is obtained through a melt spinning process. The mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 0.8:1.
[0066] The prepared radiative cooling fiber is woven into a plain cloth to obtain a radiative cooling fabric.
[0067] Example 3
[0068] Using D 90 The calcium fluoride powder with a size of 300 nm is used as the first radiative cooling particle 101. Polyhexamethylene adipamide is used as the substrate of the core layer 10. The first radiative cooling particle 101 is mixed with the substrate of the core layer 10 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a core layer spinning masterbatch containing the first radiative cooling particle 101. The mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particle 101 in the core layer spinning masterbatch is 8%.
[0069] Using D 90 The barium sulfate powder with a size of 50 nm is used as the second radiative cooling particle 201. Polyhexamethylene adipamide is used as the substrate of the skin layer 20. The second radiative cooling particle 201 is mixed with the substrate of the skin layer 20 and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a skin layer spinning masterbatch containing the second radiative cooling particle 201. The mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particle 201 in the skin layer spinning masterbatch is 10%.
[0070] m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a > b, k1 = 24nm, m = 24nm / a, k2 = 5nm, n = 5nm / b, k = 750, and a / m = 750 * b * n.
[0071] The core layer spinning masterbatch is melted to obtain a core layer melt. The skin layer spinning masterbatch and the substrate of the skin layer 20 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2 and melted to obtain a skin layer melt. The skin layer melt and the core layer melt are simultaneously input into a core-shell composite spinning assembly and a radiation cooling fiber is obtained through a melt spinning process. The mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 2:1.
[0072] The prepared radiation cooling fiber is woven into a plain cloth to obtain a radiation cooling fabric.
[0073] Example 4
[0074] Using anatase titanium dioxide powder with D 90 of 500nm as the first radiation cooling particle 101 and polyethylene terephthalate as the substrate of the core layer 10. The first radiation cooling particle 101 and the substrate of the core layer 10 are mixed and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a core layer spinning masterbatch containing the first radiation cooling particle 101. The mass fraction of the first radiation cooling particle 101 in the core layer spinning masterbatch is 10%.
[0075] Using rutile titanium dioxide with D 90 of 10nm as the second radiation cooling particle 201 and polybutylene terephthalate as the substrate of the skin layer 20. The second radiation cooling particle 201 and the substrate of the skin layer 20 are mixed and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a skin layer spinning masterbatch containing the second radiation cooling particle 201. The mass fraction of the second radiation cooling particle 201 in the skin layer spinning masterbatch is 5%.
[0076] m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a > b, k1 = 50nm, m = 50nm / a, k2 = 0.45nm, n = 0.45nm / b, k = 10 4 and a / m = 10 4 * b * n.
[0077] The core layer spinning masterbatch is melted to obtain a core layer melt. The skin layer spinning masterbatch is melted to obtain a skin layer melt. The skin layer melt and the core layer melt are simultaneously input into a core-shell composite spinning assembly and a radiation cooling fiber is obtained through a melt spinning process. The mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 5:1.
[0078] The prepared radiation cooling fiber is woven into a plain cloth to obtain a radiation cooling fabric.
[0079] Comparative Example 1
[0080] Using polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as the substrate of the radiative cooling fiber, and calcium carbonate with a D 90 of 20 nm as the radiative cooling particles, the radiative cooling particles and the substrate of the radiative cooling fiber are mixed and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a spinning masterbatch. The mass fraction of calcium carbonate in the spinning masterbatch is 5%. When spinning, the spinning masterbatch is directly used. After drying the spinning masterbatch, it is put into the barrel, and through processes such as extrusion, cooling, drawing, and winding, the radiative cooling fiber is obtained. After weaving into plain cloth, the radiative cooling fabric is obtained.
[0081] Comparative Example 2
[0082] Using D 90 of 10 nm zinc oxide powder as the first radiative cooling particle 101, and polyethylene terephthalate as the substrate of the core layer 10. The first radiative cooling particle 101 and the substrate of the core layer 10 are mixed and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a core layer spinning masterbatch containing the first radiative cooling particle 101. The mass fraction of the first radiative cooling particle 101 in the core layer spinning masterbatch is 50%.
[0083] Using D 90 of 2000 nm alumina powder as the second radiative cooling particle 201, and polyethylene terephthalate as the substrate of the skin layer 20. The second radiative cooling particle 201 and the substrate of the skin layer 20 are mixed and subjected to shearing and kneading to obtain a skin layer spinning masterbatch containing the second radiative cooling particle 201. The mass fraction of the second radiative cooling particle 201 in the skin layer spinning masterbatch is 30%.
[0084] Mix the skin layer spinning masterbatch and the substrate of the skin layer 20 in a mass ratio of 1:19 and melt them to obtain a skin layer melt. Mix the core layer spinning masterbatch and the substrate of the skin layer 20 in a mass ratio of 1:9 and melt them to obtain a core layer melt. Input the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a core - sheath composite spinning assembly simultaneously and obtain the radiative cooling fiber through the melt - spinning process. The mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 3:1.
[0085] Weave the obtained radiative cooling fiber into plain cloth to obtain the radiative cooling fabric.
[0086] Test Example 1
[0087] Test the reflectance of the radiative cooling fabrics made in Test Examples 1 - 4 and Comparative Examples 1 - 2 to sunlight, near - infrared light, and visible light in the 0.3 μm - 2.5 μm band. The test method is as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1.
[0088] Test method: The test shall be carried out with reference to "GB / T 2680-2021".
[0089] Table 1
[0090]
[0091] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope described in this specification.
[0092] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present invention. The description is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims
1. A radiation cooling fiber, characterized in that: The radiation cooling fiber layer comprises a core layer and a skin layer coated on the outer surface of the core layer, wherein the core layer comprises first radiation cooling particles, and the D 90 is a, and its mass fraction in the core layer is m, the skin layer includes second radiation cooling particles, and the D 90 is b, and the mass fraction in the cortex is n, m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6nm-1500nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025nm-50nm, a / m = k*b*n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
2. The radiation cooling fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: a=300nm-5000nm, b=5nm-1000nm.
3. The radiation cooling fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the first radiation cooling particles in the core layer is 2%-50%.
4. The radiation cooling fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the second radiation cooling particles in the cortex is 0.5%-30%.
5. The radiation cooling fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In a cross section perpendicular to the central axis of the radiation cooling fiber, the ratio of the area of the core layer to the area of the skin layer is 0.8:1-5:
1.
6. The radiative cooling fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first radiation cooling particles and the second radiation cooling particles are independently selected from at least one of titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, calcium fluoride, barium sulfate, aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, jade powder, calcium carbonate, boron nitride, and magnesium oxide.
7. The radiation cooling fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The base material of the core layer and the base material of the skin layer are independently selected from at least one of polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, polymethyl methacrylate, polyamide, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate or polyvinylidene fluoride.
8. A method for preparing the radiation refrigeration fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Providing a core layer spinning masterbatch including first radiation refrigeration particles; Providing a skin spinning masterbatch including second radiation refrigeration particles; as well as The core layer spinning masterbatch is made into a core layer melt, the skin layer spinning masterbatch is made into a skin layer melt, the skin layer melt and the core layer melt are simultaneously input into a skin-core composite spinning assembly, and a radiation cooling fiber is obtained through a melt spinning process; Wherein, the D 90 is a, and its mass fraction in the core layer is m, and the D of the second radiation cooling particle is 90 is b, and the mass fraction in the cortex is n, m, n, a, and b satisfy the following conditions: a is greater than b, the units of a and b are both nm, m = k1 / a, k1 = 6nm-1500nm, n = k2 / b, k2 = 0.025nm-50nm, a / m = k*b*n, k = 10 2 -10 6 .
9. The method for preparing the radiation refrigeration fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step of simultaneously inputting the skin layer melt and the core layer melt into a skin-core composite spinning assembly and obtaining a radiation refrigeration fiber through a melt spinning process, the mass ratio of the skin layer melt to the core layer melt is 0.8:1-5:
1.
10. Use of the radiation cooling fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in radiation cooling fabrics.