Reinforced soil bridge abutment and reinforcing method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a reinforced soil bridge abutment and a reinforcing method thereof. A reinforced soil bridge abutment belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring and reinforcement and comprises a retaining wall, backfill soil, a plurality of geogrids, a plurality of optical fiber sensors and an adjusting assembly, the retaining wall is suitable for being arranged on a foundation and opposite to bedrock, the retaining wall, the foundation and the bedrock jointly define a soil filling space, the backfill soil is filled in the soil filling space, and the optical fiber sensors are arranged on the geogrids. The geogrids are arranged in the soil filling space and arranged at intervals in the gravity direction, each geogrid is connected with the retaining wall and extends in the bedrock direction, each geogrid is correspondingly provided with at least one optical fiber sensor, and the optical fiber sensors are used for detecting the length change value of the geogrids corresponding to the optical fiber sensors in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock. The health state of the reinforced soil bridge abutment is monitored, the adjusting assembly is connected with the retaining wall, the adjusting assembly is used for adjusting the pressure value borne by the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, and the reinforced soil bridge abutment can be reinforced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering monitoring and reinforcement, and in particular, to a reinforced soil abutment and a reinforcement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Reinforced soil abutments are widely used in the construction of highway and railway bridges due to their simple structure, convenient construction, and strong adaptability. The basic principle is that through the combined action of geogrid and other reinforcing materials and backfill soil, the overall bearing capacity of the reinforced soil abutment is improved, and the anti-deformation performance of the foundation is enhanced.

[0003] As the core reinforcement material of the reinforced soil abutment, the geogrid may age, tear or fail under the long-term load of the reinforced soil abutment. However, since it is buried inside the backfill soil, it is difficult to detect potential problems such as aging, tearing or failure of the geogrid in a timely manner. Usually, it can only be detected after a large settlement or instability of the reinforced soil abutment occurs. This lag may lead to serious engineering accidents and economic losses. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems in the prior art to some extent. To this end, the first object of the present invention is to provide a reinforced soil abutment that can monitor the health status of the reinforced soil abutment and can be reinforced.

[0005] The second object of the present invention is to provide a reinforcement method for a reinforced soil abutment.

[0006] The reinforced soil abutment according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: a retaining wall, backfill soil, a plurality of geogrids, a plurality of optical fiber sensors, and an adjustment assembly. The retaining wall is adapted to be disposed on the foundation and opposite to the bedrock, and the retaining wall, the foundation, and the bedrock jointly define a filling space; the backfill soil is filled in the filling space; a plurality of the geogrids are disposed in the filling space and are arranged at intervals along the gravity direction, and each geogrid is connected to the retaining wall and extends towards the bedrock direction; at least one optical fiber sensor is correspondingly provided for each geogrid, and the optical fiber sensor is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock; the adjustment assembly is connected to the retaining wall, and the adjustment assembly is used to adjust the pressure value of the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock.

[0007] The reinforced soil abutment according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the fiber optic sensor is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, so as to monitor the health state of the reinforced soil abutment, and the adjusting component is used to adjust the pressure value of the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, and can reinforce the reinforced soil abutment, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforced soil abutment and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the geogrid is configured as a grid structure formed by the intersection of a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads, each of the warp threads is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, and one fiber optic sensor is correspondingly disposed in each of the warp threads.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fiber optic sensor includes: a quartz optical fiber and a polyurethane sleeve, and the polyurethane sleeve is sleeved outside the quartz optical fiber.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, the length of the geogrid is L, and in the direction of gravity, the height of the retaining wall is H, and the relational expression is satisfied: L≥0.7H.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adjusting component includes at least one adjusting member, and the adjusting member includes: an anchor nail, a tensioner and a cable, the anchor nail is adapted to be fixedly connected with the bedrock; the tensioner is fixedly disposed through the retaining wall; one end of the cable is connected with the anchor nail, and the other end of the cable is connected with the tensioner.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the cable of each adjusting member is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the direction of gravity, geogrids are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the adjusting member.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the adjusting component further includes: a tension actuator, and the tension actuator is used to drive the tensioner to adjust the tension of the cable.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the reinforced soil abutment further includes: an acquisition module and a remote terminal which are communicatively connected, the acquisition module is communicatively connected with each fiber optic sensor, the acquisition module is used to acquire the length change value detected by each fiber optic sensor and send it to the remote terminal, and the remote terminal is used to send a warning message when the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold.

[0016] According to the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment according to the second aspect of the present invention, the reinforced soil abutment is the above-mentioned reinforced soil abutment, and the reinforcement method includes: obtaining the length change value of each geogrid in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock; judging whether the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value. If so, a warning message is sent so that the adjusting assembly increases the pressure value received by the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock.

[0017] According to the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment according to the embodiment of the present invention, the fiber optic sensor is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, so as to monitor the health state of the reinforced soil abutment. The adjusting assembly is used to adjust the pressure value received by the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock, and can reinforce the reinforced soil abutment, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforced soil abutment and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a reinforced soil abutment, a foundation, a bedrock and a bridge according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a geogrid and a fiber optic sensor according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a warp and a fiber optic sensor according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of an adjusting member, a retaining wall and a collection module according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a tensioner and a retaining wall according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is a flowchart of the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment according to an embodiment of the invention;

[0025] Figure 7 is a flowchart of the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment according to another embodiment of the invention.

[0026] Reference Signs:

[0027] Retaining wall 1; Geogrid 2; Warp 21; Weft 22; Fiber optic sensor 3; Quartz optical fiber 31; Polyurethane sleeve 32; Adjusting member 41; Anchor nail 411; Tensioner 412; Anchor cable 413; Acquisition module 5; Remote terminal 6; Backfill soil 7; Reinforced soil abutment 10; Foundation 20; Bedrock 30; Bridge 40; Surface layer 401; Main beam 402; Bearing 403; Reverse wrapping reinforcement 404. Detailed implementation manner

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "length", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0030] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it may be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or can communicate with each other; it may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] The following is combined with Figures 1 - 7 Describe in detail the reinforced soil abutment 10 and its reinforcement method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Refer to Figures 1 - 3As shown, the reinforced soil abutment 10 according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: a retaining wall 1, backfill soil 7, a plurality of geogrids 2, a plurality of optical fiber sensors 3, and an adjustment assembly. The retaining wall 1 is adapted to be disposed on the foundation 20 and opposite to the bedrock 30. The retaining wall 1, the foundation 20, and the bedrock 30 jointly define a filling space. The backfill soil 7 is filled in the filling space. The plurality of geogrids 2 are disposed in the filling space and arranged at intervals along the direction of gravity. Each geogrid 2 is connected to the retaining wall 1 and extends towards the bedrock 30. At least one optical fiber sensor 3 is correspondingly provided for each geogrid 2. The optical fiber sensor 3 is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. The adjustment assembly is connected to the retaining wall 1 and is used to adjust the pressure value of the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0034] It can be understood that the reinforced soil abutment 10 can be used to support the bridge 40. The reinforced soil abutment 10 has the functions of health monitoring and reinforcement adjustment, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10 and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0035] Specifically, in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, that is, Figure 1 the direction from front to back in, the optical fiber sensor 3 is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid 2, and the health state of the reinforced soil abutment 10 can be monitored. For example, when the length change value of the geogrid 2 is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the strain of the geogrid 2 is large, the risk of fracture failure of the geogrid 2 is large, the risk of instability of the backfill soil 7 is large, and the health state of the reinforced soil abutment 10 is poor. When the length change value of the geogrid 2 is less than the threshold, the strain of the geogrid 2 is small, the risk of fracture failure of the geogrid 2 is small, the geogrid 2 can effectively reinforce the backfill soil 7, the risk of instability of the backfill soil 7 is small, and the health state of the reinforced soil abutment 10 is good. Among them, the preset threshold can be 1% - 5% of the length of the geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. For example, the preset threshold can be 1%, 3%, 5%, etc. of the length of the geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0036] The adjusting component is used to adjust the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. When the adjusting component increases the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the structural strength of the backfill soil 7 in the backfill space can be improved to reinforce the backfill soil 7, thereby realizing the reinforcement of the reinforced soil abutment 10, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10, enhancing the safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10, reducing the risk of accidents, and reducing economic losses. At the same time, the reinforced backfill soil 7 can reliably support the geogrid 2, effectively dispersing the local stress concentration of the geogrid 2 and reducing the strain of the geogrid 2. In the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the length of the geogrid 2 can be restored to the initial value, so that the fiber optic sensor 3 can continue to detect the length change value of the geogrid 2 to monitor the health status of the reinforced soil abutment 10.

[0037] Among them, in the direction of gravity, that is Figure 1 In the up and down direction, the multiple geogrids 2 are laid longitudinally at intervals of 0.2 m to 0.3 m, which is beneficial to the uniform distribution of the multiple geogrids 2, facilitating the uniform transfer and dispersion of the load, reducing the risk of local stress concentration of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and being beneficial to enhancing the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10.

[0038] For the reinforced soil abutment 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the fiber optic sensor 3 is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30 to realize the monitoring of the health status of the reinforced soil abutment 10. The adjusting component is used to adjust the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, which can reinforce the reinforced soil abutment 10, is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0039] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the geogrid 2 is configured as a grid structure formed by the intersection of multiple warp threads 21 and multiple weft threads 22. Each warp thread 21 is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, and a fiber optic sensor 3 is correspondingly disposed in each warp thread 21.

[0040] It can be understood that the geogrid 2 is formed by the intersection of multiple longitudes 21 and multiple latitudes 22. The multiple longitudes 21 and multiple latitudes 22 can disperse the load and reduce the risk of local deformation, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the geogrid 2. Each longitude 21 of the geogrid 2 is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, and a fiber optic sensor 3 is correspondingly penetrated in each longitude 21. That is to say, the fiber optic sensor 3 is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, which is beneficial for the fiber optic sensor 3 to accurately detect the length change value of the geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, so as to accurately judge the health status of the reinforced earth bridge abutment 10.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the geogrid 2 may be made of high-density polyethylene, and the optical fiber sensor 3 may be passed through the warp 21 of the geogrid 2. The geogrid 2 may form a polyethylene wrapping layer on the outside of the optical fiber. The polyethylene wrapping layer has good corrosion resistance, wear resistance and aging resistance, and can effectively protect the optical fiber sensor 3 inside the geogrid 2. The thickness of the geogrid 2 is 3 mm to 5 mm, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural strength of the geogrid 2.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the optical fiber sensor 3 includes: a quartz optical fiber 31 and a polyurethane sleeve 32 , wherein the polyurethane sleeve 32 is sleeved on the outside of the quartz optical fiber 31 .

[0043] It can be understood that the quartz optical fiber 31 has the advantages of low loss and high bandwidth, so as to realize long-distance and high-speed optical signal transmission. The polyurethane sheath 32 can protect the quartz optical fiber 31, ensuring that the quartz optical fiber 31 has excellent weather resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical damage resistance during long-term service, thereby ensuring that the optical fiber sensor 3 has stable monitoring performance during long-term service.

[0044] Among them, the material of the polyurethane sleeve 32 can be thermoplastic polyurethane, and the thickness of the polyurethane sleeve 32 is T, and T satisfies the relationship: 0.5mm≤T≤1.0mm. For example, T can be 0.5mm, 0.8mm, 1.0mm, etc. The polyurethane sleeve 32 can form a thermoplastic polyurethane encapsulation layer on the outside of the quartz optical fiber 31 to reinforce the optical fiber sensor 3, which can effectively enhance the weather resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical damage resistance of the optical fiber sensor 3, and ensure that the optical fiber sensor 3 has stable monitoring performance during long-term service.

[0045] It should be noted that in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, when the geogrid 2 deforms, the quartz optical fiber 31 of the fiber optic sensor 3 passing through the geogrid 2 deforms accordingly. The length and refractive index of the quartz optical fiber 31 change, resulting in changes in parameters such as the wavelength, phase, or intensity of the optical signal transmitted by the quartz optical fiber 31. By demodulating the change amount of parameters such as the wavelength, phase, or intensity of the optical signal, the length change value of the geogrid 2 corresponding to the fiber optic sensor 3 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30 can be calculated.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 As shown, in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the length of the geogrid 2 is L, and in the gravity direction, the height of the retaining wall 1 is H, satisfying the relationship: L≥0.7H. For example, L can be 0.7H, 0.8H, 0.9H, etc., which can effectively prevent the backfill soil 7 in the backfill space from surging, is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10, improving the safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjusting assembly includes at least one adjusting member 41, and the adjusting member 41 includes: an anchor nail 411, a tensioner 412, and a cable 413. The anchor nail 411 is adapted to be fixedly connected to the bedrock 30, the tensioner 412 is fixedly disposed through the retaining wall 1, one end of the cable 413 is connected to the anchor nail 411, and the other end of the cable 413 is connected to the tensioner 412.

[0048] It can be understood that the tensioner 412 can adjust the tension of the cable 413 to achieve the adjustment of the tension state of the cable 413. When the tension of the cable 413 is increased, in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the cable 413 can pull the retaining wall 1 through the tensioner 412, increasing the pressure exerted by the retaining wall 1 on the backfill soil 7, thereby increasing the pressure value of the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, realizing the reinforcement of the backfill soil 7, being beneficial to the reliable support of the geogrid 2 by the backfill soil 7, effectively dispersing the local stress concentration of the geogrid 2, reducing the strain of the geogrid 2, ensuring the structural strength of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and being beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10.

[0049] Specifically, the tensioner 412 may include an adjusting bolt and an adjusting nut. The adjusting nut is fixedly connected to the retaining wall 1. The adjusting bolt passes through the adjusting nut and the retaining wall 1 and is threadedly connected to the adjusting nut. The adjusting bolt is fixedly connected to the cable anchor 413. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the adjusting bolt can move relative to the retaining wall 1. When the adjusting bolt moves in the direction from the bedrock 30 to the retaining wall 1, the adjusting bolt can tighten the cable anchor 413 to increase the tension of the cable anchor 413, thereby increasing the pulling force exerted by the cable anchor 413 on the retaining wall 1, increasing the pressure exerted by the retaining wall 1 on the backfill soil 7, and increasing the pressure value received by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, so as to realize the reinforcement of the backfill soil 7. The operation of reinforcement adjustment is simple and convenient, and can effectively reduce the difficulty of reinforcing and repairing the reinforced soil abutment 10.

[0050] Wherein, the diameter of the adjusting bolt can be 20mm to 40mm, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural strength of the adjusting bolt. The maximum adjustable stroke of the adjusting bolt can be 50mm, and the maximum adjustable range of the tension of the cable anchor 413 can be 30kN to 100kN.

[0051] In an embodiment not shown in other figures of the present invention, the adjusting member 41 can be configured as a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod can be a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the foundation 20, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the retaining wall 1. When the telescopic rod extends, in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the telescopic rod can exert a thrust on the retaining wall 1, thereby increasing the pressure exerted by the retaining wall 1 on the backfill soil 7, and realizing the adjustment of the pressure value received by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0052] In an embodiment not shown in other figures of the present invention, the adjusting member 41 can be configured as a telescopic rod. The telescopic rod can be a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod. One end of the telescopic rod is connected to the retaining wall 1, and the other end of the telescopic rod is connected to the backfill soil 7. When the telescopic rod extends, in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, the pressure exerted by the telescopic rod on the backfill soil 7 can be increased, and the adjustment of the pressure value received by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30 is realized.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 4 as shown, the cable anchor 413 of each adjusting member 41 is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, which can make the direction of the tension of the cable anchor 413 parallel to the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. In the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, it is beneficial to accurately adjust the pressure value received by the backfill soil 7 by adjusting the tension of the cable anchor 413.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1As shown, in the direction of gravity, geogrids 2 are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the adjusting member 41. The adjusting member 41 can synchronously adjust the strain of the geogrids 2 on both its sides, which is beneficial to ensuring the uniform distribution of the load in the reinforced soil abutment 10, reducing local stress concentration, and improving the stability and safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adjusting assembly further includes: a tension actuator for driving the tensioner 412 to adjust the tension of the cable 413, which can realize the automatic reinforcement of the reinforced soil abutment 10 and is beneficial to saving labor costs.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the tension actuator may include a robotic arm and a sleeve. The robotic arm can drive the adjusting bolt of the tensioner 412 to rotate relative to the retaining wall 1 through the sleeve, thereby automatically adjusting the pressure value of the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, realizing the automatic reinforcement of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and being beneficial to saving labor costs.

[0057] In some other embodiments of the present invention, the tension actuator may include a driving motor and a tension belt. The tension belt is sleeved on the output shaft of the motor and at least one adjusting bolt. When the output shaft of the motor rotates, the output shaft can drive the tension belt to rotate, and the tension belt can drive the adjusting bolt to rotate relative to the retaining wall 1, thereby automatically adjusting the pressure value of the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, realizing the automatic reinforcement of the reinforced soil abutment 10, and being beneficial to saving labor costs.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the reinforced soil abutment 10 further includes: an acquisition module 5 and a remote terminal 6 that are communicatively connected. The acquisition module 5 is communicatively connected to each fiber optic sensor 3. The acquisition module 5 is used to obtain the length change value detected by each fiber optic sensor 3 and send it to the remote terminal 6. The remote terminal 6 is used to send a warning message when the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, so as to facilitate the adjusting assembly to increase the pressure value of the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0059] Specifically, the acquisition module 5 may include a data acquisition unit, a data transmission unit, and a local storage unit. The data acquisition unit is used to obtain the length change value detected by each fiber optic sensor 3. The data transmission unit can send the length change value obtained by the data acquisition unit to the remote terminal 6 through wireless communication technology, realizing remote monitoring. The local storage unit is used to store historical monitoring data to support long-term trend analysis and anomaly detection.

[0060] The remote terminal 6 has an active data analysis function and can determine whether the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold. When the length change value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the remote terminal 6 issues a warning message to facilitate the adjustment component to increase the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0061] It can be understood that after the remote terminal 6 issues a warning message, it can automatically send an adjustment instruction to the tension actuator to automatically adjust the tension force of the cable anchor 413, thereby increasing the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. It is also possible that after a person perceives the warning message, the tension force of the cable anchor 413 is adjusted by manually rotating the adjustment bolt to increase the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to Figure 1 As shown, the reinforced earth abutment 10 is used to support the bridge 40. The bridge 40 includes a surface layer 401, a main beam 402, a bearing 403, and a wrapped-back reinforcement 404. The backfill soil 7 supports the main beam 402 through the bearing 403. The main beam 402 is used to support the surface layer 401. The upper surface of the surface layer 401 is the road surface. The wrapped-back reinforcement 404 is arranged in the backfill space to reinforce the backfill soil 7, so as to improve the structural strength of the backfill soil 7, which is beneficial for the backfill soil 7 to reliably support the bearing, the main beam, and the surface layer, and can reduce the risk of road surface collapse.

[0063] The reinforced earth abutment 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention integrates the geogrid 2 embedded with the fiber optic sensor 3, the remote monitoring and control technology, and the adjustable retaining wall 1 structure to realize the real-time monitoring and active reinforcement adjustment of the health state of the reinforced earth abutment 10. The fiber optic sensor 3 can accurately detect the internal strain change of the reinforced earth abutment 10 and realize remote monitoring through wireless data transmission. Once an abnormal strain is detected, the remote terminal 6 can automatically trigger a warning and optimize and adjust the force of the reinforced earth abutment 10 through the adjustment component, thereby effectively improving the bearing capacity and anti-deformation performance of the reinforced earth abutment 10. The embodiment of the present invention can realize the long-term health monitoring and active reinforcement adjustment of the reinforced earth abutment 10 without affecting the normal operation of the bridge 40, improve the safety, durability, and service life of the reinforced earth abutment 10, and provide an efficient and reliable automation solution for the safety management of the abutment project, having broad engineering application prospects and promotion value.

[0064] In this embodiment, a geogrid 2 embedded with an optical fiber sensor 3 is arranged inside the reinforced earth abutment 10. The geogrid 2 is made of polyethylene. The optical fiber sensor 3 can monitor the strain state of the geogrid 2 in real time, achieve high-precision data acquisition, and perform strain monitoring on the geogrid 2. The outer side of the quartz optical fiber 31 of the optical fiber sensor 3 is coated with a polyurethane sleeve 32 made of thermoplastic polyurethane, which can effectively improve the durability of the optical fiber sensor 3 and enable it to work stably for a long time in a complex environment.

[0065] The strain signal (length value change) of the geogrid 2 collected by the optical fiber sensor 3 is processed by the data acquisition unit, and is transmitted to the remote terminal 6 in real time through the data transmission unit via a wireless network. The remote terminal 6 actively analyzes the collected data, establishes a long-term monitoring database, and retains historical data through the local storage unit to support long-term trend analysis and anomaly detection. When the data indicates that the tensile strain value of the geogrid 2 is equal to or exceeds the 2% safety threshold, the remote terminal 6 automatically triggers the early warning mechanism and activates the active reinforcement adjustment strategy.

[0066] Specifically, when the data indicates that the geogrid 2 has abnormal strain or uneven stress, the remote terminal 6 sends an adjustment instruction to the tension actuator. The tension actuator can adjust the tension of the anchor cable 413 by rotating the adjustment screw of the adjustment member 41, thereby adjusting the stress condition of the retaining wall 1, making it adapt to different working conditions, optimizing the stress distribution of the backfill soil 7 and the geogrid 2 in the filling space, reducing local stress concentration, reducing the tensile strain of the geogrid 2, and improving the stability and bearing capacity of the reinforced earth abutment 10.

[0067] The reinforced earth abutment 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention integrates high-precision optical fiber sensing technology, real-time data acquisition, active early warning and active reinforcement adjustment functions, can effectively improve the long-term stability and durability of the reinforced earth abutment 10, and the reinforcement adjustment operation is simple, the adjustment period is short, the cost is low, and the local settlement or abnormal deformation area can be accurately adjusted, which can meet the requirements of modern bridge engineering for efficient and active reinforcement.

[0068] Refer to Figure 6 As shown, for the reinforcement method of the reinforced earth abutment 10 according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced earth abutment 10 is the reinforced earth abutment 10 of the above embodiment, and the reinforcement method includes:

[0069] Step S1: Obtain the length change value of each geogrid in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock.

[0070] Among them, the optical fiber sensor 3 is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, and the acquisition module 5 obtains the length change value detected by the optical fiber sensor 3.

[0071] Step S2: Determine whether the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold. If so, send a warning message to facilitate the adjustment component to increase the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil in the direction from the retaining wall to the bedrock.

[0072] Among them, the acquisition module 5 sends the obtained length change value to the remote terminal 6. The remote terminal 6 determines whether the length change value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. When the length change value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, a warning message is sent, and an adjustment instruction can be automatically sent to the tension actuator to automatically adjust the tension force of the cable anchor 413, thereby increasing the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30. It is also possible for a person to manually rotate the adjustment bolt to adjust the tension force of the cable anchor 413 after perceiving the warning message, so as to increase the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30.

[0073] According to the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment 10 of the present invention, the fiber optic sensor 3 is used to detect the length change value of the corresponding geogrid 2 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, so as to monitor the health status of the reinforced soil abutment 10. The adjustment component is used to adjust the pressure value exerted by the backfill soil 7 in the direction from the retaining wall 1 to the bedrock 30, and can reinforce the reinforced soil abutment 10, which is beneficial to ensuring the structural stability of the reinforced soil abutment 10, thereby ensuring the safety of the reinforced soil abutment 10 and reducing the risk of accidents.

[0074] In some other embodiments of the present invention, refer to Figure 7 As shown, the reinforcement method of the reinforced soil abutment 10 includes:

[0075] Step S11: Normal service or sudden disaster.

[0076] Step S12: The fiber optic sensor collects the strain data of the monitored geogrid.

[0077] Step S13: The data center determines whether the geogrid strain value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. If so, execute Step S14; if not, execute Step S12.

[0078] Step S14: Trigger a warning and start and rotate the adjustment screw.

[0079] Step S15: The data center determines whether the geogrid strain value is greater than or equal to the preset threshold. If so, execute Step S14; if not, execute Step S16.

[0080] Step S16: Stop rotating the adjustment screw.

[0081] Step S17: Record the data and generate a report.

[0082] The present invention provides an active reinforcement system for a reinforced soil abutment 10 based on an optical fiber sensor 3, and establishes a closed-loop control mechanism from real-time monitoring, active warning to active reinforcement adjustment, ensuring that the reinforced soil abutment 10 is always in a stable stress state during long-term service, reducing the risk of sudden failure, improving the safety and service life of the bridge 40, and the tensile force of the anchor cable 413 can be adjusted (the maximum adjustment range is 30 kN to 100 kN) through a remote terminal 6 to ensure the dynamic adaptability of the system. Specifically, the optical fiber sensor 3 continuously collects data, and the long-term stress state of the reinforced soil abutment 10 is analyzed through the remote terminal 6. When the remote terminal 6 detects that the tensile strain of the geogrid 2 exceeds the limit or there is a sudden abnormal stress, an early warning is automatically triggered, and active reinforcement is carried out through an adjustment component to ensure that the reinforced soil abutment 10 is always in an optimized stress state. This closed-loop control mechanism effectively improves the safety, durability and deformation resistance of the reinforced soil abutment 10, thereby reducing the risk of sudden failure and extending the service life of the bridge 40.

[0083] In the description of the present specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the present specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in the present specification.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reinforced earth bridge abutment, characterized in that: include: A retaining wall (1), the retaining wall (1) being adapted to be arranged on a foundation (20) and facing a bedrock (30), the retaining wall (1), the foundation (20) and the bedrock (30) jointly defining a fill space; Backfill soil (7), the backfill soil (7) is filled in the backfill space; A plurality of geogrids (2), wherein the plurality of geogrids (2) are arranged in the earth-fill space and spaced apart along the gravity direction, and each of the geogrids (2) is connected to the retaining wall (1) and extends toward the bedrock (30); a plurality of optical fiber sensors (3), each geogrid (2) being provided with at least one optical fiber sensor (3) corresponding thereto, the optical fiber sensor (3) being used to detect a length change value of the corresponding geogrid (2) in a direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30); An adjusting component, the adjusting component is connected to the retaining wall (1), and the adjusting component is used to adjust the pressure value exerted on the backfill soil (7) in the direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30).

2. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geogrid (2) is constructed as a grid structure formed by the intersection of a plurality of longitudes (21) and a plurality of latitudes (22), each of the longitudes (21) being parallel to the direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30), and each of the longitudes (21) having a corresponding optical fiber sensor (3) passing through it.

3. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical fiber sensor (3) comprises: a quartz optical fiber (31) and a polyurethane sleeve (32), wherein the polyurethane sleeve (32) is sleeved on the outside of the quartz optical fiber (31).

4. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30), the length of the geogrid (2) is L, and in the gravity direction, the height of the retaining wall (1) is H, satisfying the relationship: L≥0.7H.

5. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly comprises at least one adjustment member (41), wherein the adjustment member (41) comprises: An anchoring nail (411), wherein the anchoring nail (411) is suitable for being fixedly connected to the bedrock (30); A tensioner (412), the tensioner (412) being passed through and fixed to the retaining wall (1); An anchor cable (413), one end of the anchor cable (413) is connected to the anchor nail (411), and the other end of the anchor cable (413) is connected to the tensioner (412).

6. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The anchor cable (413) of each adjusting member (41) is parallel to the direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30).

7. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 6, characterized in that: In the gravity direction, the geogrid (2) is provided on both the upper and lower sides of the adjusting member (41).

8. The reinforced earth abutment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly further comprises: a tensioning actuator, wherein the tensioning actuator is used to drive the tensioner (412) to adjust the tensioning force of the anchor cable (413).

9. The reinforced earth bridge abutment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The reinforced earth bridge abutment further comprises: a collection module (5) and a remote terminal (6) in communication connection, wherein the collection module (5) is in communication connection with each of the optical fiber sensors (3), the collection module (5) is used to obtain the length change value detected by each of the optical fiber sensors (3) and send it to the remote terminal (6), and the remote terminal (6) is used to issue a warning message when the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value.

10. A method for reinforcing a reinforced earth bridge abutment, characterized in that: The reinforced earth bridge abutment is a reinforced earth bridge abutment according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the reinforcement method comprises: Obtaining a length change value of each geogrid (2) in a direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30); It is determined whether the length change value is greater than or equal to a preset threshold value, and if so, a warning message is issued so that the adjustment component can increase the pressure value on the backfill soil (7) in the direction from the retaining wall (1) to the bedrock (30).

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