Open pit coal mine slope supporting pile

Abstract

The invention provides an open pit coal mine slope support pile, which belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing monitoring and comprises a support pile body, a first groove and a second groove which are symmetrical are respectively formed in the peripheral surface of the support pile body, and a first protection pipe is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first groove; the inner wall of the second groove is fixedly connected with a second protection pipe, the two ends of the inner wall of the first protection pipe are sleeved with first optical fiber structures used for monitoring the strain of the support pile body, and the two ends of the inner wall of the second protection pipe are sleeved with second optical fiber structures used for monitoring the water content of the support pile body. The problems that the gradient of the high slope of the open pit coal mine is steep, soil and stones of the slope easily slide to the bottom of the slope under the action of gravity, an existing supporting pile is protected only through a simple concrete supporting structure, the supporting pile is easily damaged due to the influence of the external environment for a long time, potential safety hazards are large, and the construction cost is low are solved. The service life of the support pile is relatively short, and the existing open pit coal mine mining requirements cannot be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber sensing monitoring, and particularly relates to a slope support pile for open-pit coal mines. Background Art

[0002] The slope support pile for open-pit coal mines is a structure commonly used for slope reinforcement and stability, usually used to prevent phenomena such as slope landslides and collapses. The slope support pile for open-pit coal mines plays a role in support and reinforcement through vertically or obliquely arranged pile bodies. Open-pit coal mine mining often faces threats of disasters such as slope landslides. By monitoring the deformation of the slope and analyzing the data, the landslide trend can be effectively predicted, early warnings can be given, and the safe operation of open-pit coal mine mining can be ensured.

[0003] Existing technologies such as the invention patent with the Chinese patent publication number CN118007679B disclose a slope support U-shaped sheet pile. This patent adopts a guiding support frame arranged on the back of each U-shaped sheet pile member, which is in contact and inserted with the ground through a right-angled tripod. The U-shaped sheet pile member can be inserted along the vertical plane of the right-angled tripod to maintain the vertical direction. At the same time, the shaft rods between the spliced and installed U-shaped sheet pile members are mutually clamped. By rotating the outermost shaft rod, through the transmission of the transmission component, the outer plate on the outer side of the connection end of the two U-shaped sheet pile members can be moved, so that the plug column is inserted into the jack to improve the stability after the splicing and installation of the U-shaped sheet pile member. At the same time, the time for bolt fixed installation is reduced. Using the rear right-angled tripod as the support point, the stability after the installation of the U-shaped sheet pile member is improved. At the same time, by inserting the insertion rod into the slope interior, the connection strength with the slope is strengthened. Installing the U-shaped sheet pile member does not require the guidance of a guide rail sliding frame, saving the time for early bedding and later disassembly, and improving the installation efficiency of the U-shaped sheet pile member.

[0004] In daily use, it is found that in the prior art, for slope reinforcement in open-pit coal mines, methods such as erecting steel pipe scaffolds and then reinforcing by driving support piles or welding tie rods to the main reinforcement of the pile foundation are mostly used to reinforce the formwork. However, during the construction process, due to the relatively steep slope of the high slope, the soil and rock on the slope will slide towards the bottom of the slope under the action of gravity. And the existing support piles are only protected by a simple concrete support structure, which is easy to cause damage to the support piles due to long-term influence of the external environment, with relatively large potential safety hazards, resulting in a low service life, and there will be problems that cannot meet the needs of existing open-pit coal mine mining. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an open-pit coal mine slope support pile, which solves the problems of existing open-pit coal mine slope support; in particular, it solves the problems that in the existing reinforcement of open-pit coal mines, methods such as erecting steel pipe scaffolds and then reinforcing by driving support piles or welding tie rods on the main reinforcement of the pile foundation are often used to reinforce the formwork. However, during the construction process, due to the relatively steep slope of the high slope, the soil and rock on the slope will slide towards the bottom of the slope under the action of gravity.

[0006] According to the technical solution of the present invention, there is provided an open-pit coal mine slope support pile, including a support pile body. On the peripheral surfaces of the support pile body, two symmetric first grooves and second grooves are respectively opened. The inner wall of the first groove is fixedly connected with a first protection tube, and the inner wall of the second groove is fixedly connected with a second protection tube. At both ends of the inner wall of the first protection tube, first optical fiber structures for monitoring the strain of the support pile body are sleeved, and at both ends of the inner wall of the second protection tube, second optical fiber structures for monitoring the water content of the support pile body are sleeved.

[0007] Furthermore, an installation mechanism is provided on the upper end surface of the support pile body. The installation mechanism includes a top frame. The lower surface of the top frame abuts against the upper surface of the support pile body. An inlay groove is opened on the lower surface of the top frame, and the inner wall of the inlay groove is inserted into the surfaces of the first protection tube and the second protection tube.

[0008] In addition, two inlay frames are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the top frame, and two inlay plates are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the support pile body. The inlay plates are elastic plates, and the cross-section of the inlay plates is in the shape of an inverted hook. The surface of the inlay plates is clamped with the inner wall of the inlay frames. Preferably, mounting brackets are fixedly connected to both end surfaces of the top frame, and a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting brackets.

[0009] Furthermore, a plug board is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support pile body, and the surface of the plug board is inserted into the inner wall of the rotating plate. A plug rod is threadedly penetrated through the lower surface of the rotating plate, and one end of the plug rod is inserted into the surface of the plug board.

[0010] Preferably, four limiting columns are uniformly fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame, four limiting holes are opened on the upper end surface of the support pile body, a sealing ring is sleeved on the inner wall of the limiting holes, the arc surface of the limiting columns is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting holes, and the surface of the sealing ring abuts against the lower surface of the top frame.

[0011] Preferably, coil springs are sleeved on both ends of the arc surface of the inner wall of the mounting brackets, and both ends of the coil springs are fixedly connected to the rotating plate and the mounting brackets respectively. More preferably, a support frame is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support pile body. The cross-sectional size of the support frame is adapted to the cross-sectional sizes of the first protection tube and the second protection tube, and the support frame is a hard alloy frame.

[0012] More preferably, the first protective tube and the second protective tube are fixedly connected and their cross-sections are in a cross shape, and both the first protective tube and the second protective tube are rubber tubes.

[0013] Furthermore, positioning mechanisms are provided on both side surfaces of the bottom end of the retaining pile body. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate. An insertion tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the positioning plate. A moving column is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the insertion tube. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the upper end of the moving column. Two sides of the bottom end of the inner wall of the insertion tube are slidably penetrated by a top column. The cross-section of the top column is in a "T" shape. A spring is sleeved on the arc surface of the top column. Two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to the top column and the insertion tube. A guiding block is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the moving column. The cross-section of the guiding block is in a tapered shape. The surface of the guiding block abuts against one end of the top column.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the open-pit coal mine slope retaining pile of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention arranges the first optical fiber structure and the second optical fiber structure on the retaining pile body. The first optical fiber structure is used to monitor the strain of the base material, and the second optical fiber structure is used to monitor the water content of the base material. It can simultaneously measure the strain and water content changes of the slope structure, realize a more accurate assessment of the slope slip risk, and the monitored strain data and water content data can be combined and used in the subsequent process to comprehensively master the dynamic changes of the mechanical state and hydrogeological conditions of the slope. The structure of the present invention is compact and flexible in arrangement, suitable for long-term real-time monitoring of slopes, used to timely capture dangerous signals before sliding, and provide high-precision and reliable data support for project management and disaster warning.

[0015] 2. By setting the installation mechanism, the present invention can effectively install, fix and protect the retaining pile body, the first optical fiber structure and the second optical fiber structure, avoid the situation of the first optical fiber structure and the second optical fiber structure falling off, and at the same time, with the docking and fixation between the top frame and the retaining pile body, it can further effectively and quickly install and operate.

[0016] 3. By setting the positioning mechanism, when installing and limiting the retaining pile body, it can effectively insert and limit the retaining pile body through the insertion tubes on both sides of the retaining pile body and the foundation, so that the whole retaining pile body can be inserted into the foundation more stably, and avoid the situation of loosening and shaking of the retaining pile body during long-term use.

[0017] 4. By setting the protection mechanism, the present invention can effectively perform protection operations by means of the protection frame sliding on the surface of the retaining pile body, make the protection frame slide along the surface of the retaining pile body, facilitate and effectively protect the lower surface of the retaining pile body, and avoid the surface of the insertion tube being affected by external environmental factors. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the optical fiber and protection tube structure of the three-dimensional structure of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic bottom view structure diagram of the protection structure of the three-dimensional structure of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 4 Schematic structure diagram of the installation mechanism of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic exploded structure diagram of the installation mechanism of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the top frame and related structures of the installation mechanism of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of the positioning mechanism of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention; Figure 8 Schematic structure diagram of the protection mechanism of the slope support pile of an open-pit coal mine according to the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the drawings: 1, support pile body; 2, first optical fiber structure; 3, second optical fiber structure; 4, first protection tube; 5, second protection tube; 6, first groove; 7, second groove; 8, installation mechanism; 801, top frame; 802, installation frame; 803, rotating plate; 804, coil spring; 805, insertion rod; 806, insertion plate; 807, inlay frame; 808, inlay plate; 809, limit column; 810, limit hole; 811, sealing ring; 812, support frame; 813, inlay groove; 9, positioning mechanism; 91, positioning plate; 92, moving column; 93, rotating shaft; 94, insertion tube; 95, top column; 96, top block; 97, guiding block; 98, spring; 10, protection mechanism; 101, sliding rod; 102, protection frame; 103, clamping groove; 104, sliding ring; 105, screw rod; 106, sliding frame. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0020] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification.

[0021] As Figures 1-8 shown, the present invention provides an open-pit coal mine slope support pile, including a support pile body 1. Two symmetric first grooves 6 and second grooves 7 are respectively formed on the peripheral surfaces of the support pile body 1. A first protection tube 4 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the first groove 6, and a second protection tube 5 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second groove 7. Both ends of the inner wall of the first protection tube 4 are sleeved with a first optical fiber structure 2 for monitoring the strain of the support pile body 1. Both ends of the inner wall of the second protection tube 5 are sleeved with a second optical fiber structure 3 for monitoring the water content of the support pile body 1. An installation mechanism 8 is provided on the upper surface of the support pile body 1, and positioning mechanisms 9 are provided on both side surfaces at the bottom end of the support pile body 1. In the process of operating and using the support pile body in this embodiment, the support pile body 1 will be used in combination with the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3. During this process, the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3 will be fixedly protected. At this time, an effective and rapid protection operation can be carried out by means of the installation mechanism 8 provided at the upper end of the support pile body 1.

[0022] In addition, a protection mechanism 10 is provided on the surface of the support pile body 1. The support pile body 1 is made of high-strength concrete or composite materials, and has excellent bearing capacity and stability. It can not only withstand external stresses, but also provide stable support for the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3. The support pile body 1 is a cuboid. The length of the cross-section of the support pile body 1 is 300 mm and the width is 200 mm. To avoid damage caused by direct exposure of the optical fiber to the external environment, a first groove 6 is formed on the surface of the support pile body 1. The width of the first groove 6 is 5 mm and the depth is 3 mm. The first groove 6 is parallel to the length direction of the support pile body 1. There are two first grooves 6, and the first grooves 6 are located on the first surface. The two first surfaces are arranged oppositely. The first optical fiber structure 2 is located in the two first grooves 6. To ensure close fit with the support pile body 1, the first optical fiber structure 2 is fixedly connected to the support pile body 1 through an adhesive such as epoxy resin or a special fixing device to prevent the first optical fiber structure 2 from sliding or detaching. The first optical fiber structure 2 is used to monitor the longitudinal strain and evaluate the stress state of the slope. The first optical fiber structure 2 is symmetrically arranged in the two first grooves 6, which can not only obtain complete strain information, but also analyze the deformation characteristics such as bending, stretching or compression of the structure through the strain difference between the two first surfaces, thus providing support for more accurate mechanical state evaluation.

[0023] In one embodiment, a second groove 7 is formed on the surface of the support pile body 1. The width of the second groove 7 is 5 mm and the depth is 3 mm. The second groove 7 is parallel to the length direction of the support pile body 1. There are two second grooves 7, and the second grooves 7 are located on the second surface. The two second surfaces are arranged oppositely. The two second surfaces are respectively Figure 2The left and right surfaces of the support pile body 1, the second optical fiber structure 3 is located in two second grooves 7, and the outer surface of the second optical fiber structure 3 is coated with a humidity-sensitive layer made of a humidity-sensitive material. The humidity-sensitive material is a hygroscopic polymer or hydrogel to enhance the sensitivity to changes in water content. The change in water content is reflected by its response to water absorption. The second optical fiber structure 3 needs to be closely attached to the support pile body 1 and fixedly connected to the support pile body 1 to effectively sense the dynamic changes in the humidity or water content around it. The second optical fiber structure 3 is used to measure the change in water content of the lateral soil to accurately evaluate the risk of slope slip. In this embodiment, the second optical fiber structures 3 are symmetrically arranged in the two second grooves 7 to ensure that the change in water content within the entire measurement range can be accurately monitored.

[0024] In one embodiment, a second protective tube 5 is provided in the support pile body 1. The two ends of the second protective tube 5 are respectively connected to the second grooves 7, and the second optical fiber structure 3 passes through the second protective tube 5.

[0025] In one embodiment, the first protective tube 4 is used to protect the first optical fiber structure 2 from mechanical damage or chemical corrosion, and the second protective tube 5 is used to protect the second optical fiber structure 3 from mechanical damage or chemical corrosion to ensure the signal integrity of the distributed optical fiber sensing system and improve the durability of the device. Both the first protective tube 4 and the second protective tube 5 are semicircular, the first protective tube 4 and the second protective tube 5 are arranged in a cross shape, and the first protective tube 4 and the second protective tube 5 are connected at the crossing position to form a complete optical fiber sensing network. Both the first protective tube 4 and the second protective tube 5 are steel tubes, and the diameters of both the first protective tube 4 and the second protective tube 5 are 20 mm.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first optical fiber structure 2 uses Brillouin optical fiber or Rayleigh optical fiber to monitor strain changes using the Brillouin scattering effect; the second optical fiber structure 3 uses humidity-sensitive optical fiber to obtain humidity and water content distribution data in the left and right directions through distributed optical fiber measurement technology, generate high-precision distributed data, provide a reliable basis for monitoring the dynamic hydrological changes and engineering safety assessment of the monitoring area, and can also be used to establish a slip prediction model through distributed optical fiber sensing technology to provide real-time monitoring and accurate early warning functions for slope slip. In this embodiment, the first optical fiber structure 2 monitors the strain caused by foundation settlement or stress concentration of the slope, which can be used to effectively predict the slope slip trend; combined with the monitoring of water content by the second optical fiber structure 3, it can be used to dynamically adjust the minimum strain value of slip prediction to achieve more accurate slip risk assessment and early warning.

[0027] The device of the present invention can simultaneously measure slope strain and water content data, and accurately evaluate the slope slip risk by combining the two kinds of information. In addition, by connecting multiple three-dimensional structures formed, it can achieve large-scale and multi-dimensional all-round monitoring to meet the real-time monitoring requirements of complex scenarios.

[0028] In one embodiment, the manufacturing steps of the slope support pile for open-pit coal mines in the present invention include two main links: the preparation of the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5, and the forming of the support pile body 1. The first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 are precisely machined by a numerically controlled machine tool (CNC) and subjected to anti-corrosion treatment to enhance durability. During the forming stage of the support pile body 1, a specific mold is used to ensure the accurate positions of the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5. Fixed jigs are arranged inside the mold to stabilize the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5. At the same time, two first grooves 6 and two second grooves 7 are preset on the outer surface of the support pile body 1 for accommodating and fixing the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3. After injecting concrete, cement or other plastic materials into the mold, they are compacted and formed through pressure and vibration to ensure uniform materials without air bubbles. Finally, they are cured under suitable temperature and humidity conditions to ensure that the support pile body 1 reaches the designed strength, providing reliable support and protection for the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3.

[0029] The pasting and connection of the first optical fiber structure 2 include three links: optical fiber preparation, pasting, and layout. First, Brillouin optical fiber or Rayleigh optical fiber is selected, and the optical fiber is calibrated according to specific measurement requirements to ensure its sensitivity and accuracy. The first optical fiber structure 2 is located in the first groove 6 on the first surface and passes through the first protection tube 4 to form a "U-shaped" layout. The first optical fiber structure 2 is fixed in the first groove 6 on the first surface of the support pile body 1 using epoxy resin adhesive, evenly coated, and ensured that the first optical fiber structure 2 is closely attached to the support pile body 1 to avoid affecting the measurement effect due to loosening or falling off. To facilitate subsequent connection to the light source and signal processing equipment, sufficient lengths are reserved at both ends of the first optical fiber structure 2 to ensure the convenience of wiring and system access, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0030] The process of pasting the second optical fiber structure 3 to the second surface includes three key links: coating with a humidity-sensitive material, fixing, and connection layout. First, to enhance the sensitivity of the second optical fiber structure 3 to changes in humidity and water content, a hygroscopic polymer, hydrogel, or other humidity-sensitive material is selected and evenly coated on the surface of the second optical fiber structure 3 to ensure a complete and uniform coating. The second optical fiber structure 3 is located in the second groove 7 on the second surface and passes through the second protection tube 5 to achieve a "U-shaped" layout connection. Subsequently, a water-resistant adhesive (such as epoxy resin) is used to firmly attach the second optical fiber structure 3 to the second surface of the support pile body 1. The position of the second optical fiber structure 3 is carefully adjusted to ensure it is flat and closely attached, without suspension or deviation, to avoid affecting the measurement accuracy. Finally, sufficient lengths are reserved at both ends of the second optical fiber structure 3 at the same time to facilitate docking with the signal processing equipment and ensure the stable operation and efficient data acquisition of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0031] Both ends of the first optical fiber structure 2 and both ends of the second optical fiber structure 3 are connected to the distributed optical fiber sensing system, which is an important link to ensure the normal operation of the monitoring system. First, connect both ends of the reserved first optical fiber structure 2 and both ends of the second optical fiber structure 3 to the distributed optical fiber sensor system, including a light source and a signal processing module, to ensure efficient transmission and processing of signals. After the connection is completed, perform a detailed optical fiber calibration on the system. By loading known strain or humidity conditions, establish an accurate mapping relationship between optical signals (such as Brillouin frequency shift or Rayleigh scattering intensity) and changes in strain, humidity, or water content. This process can effectively improve the measurement accuracy, provide a reliable basis for subsequent monitoring and data analysis, and ensure the sensitivity and stability of the distributed optical fiber sensing system.

[0032] This embodiment adopts a dual-channel design to improve the data processing ability, which can effectively distinguish the independent effects of strain and water content and avoid misjudgment caused by a single parameter. In actual operation, the distributed optical fiber sensing system is used to capture the stress concentration phenomenon before local landslides of the slope, and at the same time monitor the areas where the water content abnormally increases due to rainfall, providing timely warning information for the project management department. Based on the monitoring data, the relevant departments can take reinforcement and drainage measures to avoid landslide disasters.

[0033] In one embodiment, by optimizing the optical fiber layout and protection design, the risk of damage to the optical fiber in a harsh environment is effectively reduced; at the same time, combining strain monitoring and water content perception, a comprehensive assessment of the mechanical properties and hydrogeological conditions of the slope is realized. Through the distributed optical fiber sensing technology, the device can provide high-precision real-time monitoring data, which has significant practical value in slope stability monitoring, provides reliable technical support for accurate prediction and warning of slip risks, and meets the needs of engineering safety management.

[0034] Next, specifically describe the specific settings and functions of its installation mechanism 8, positioning mechanism 9, and protection mechanism 10.

[0035] Such as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, the installation mechanism 8 includes a top frame 801. The lower surface of the top frame 801 abuts against the upper surface of the supporting pile body 1. An inlay groove 813 is formed on the lower surface of the top frame 801, and the inner wall of the inlay groove 813 is inserted with the surfaces of the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5. During the process of inserting and limiting the supporting pile body 1, effective protection can be carried out by means of the protection mechanism 10 provided on the surface of the supporting pile body 1, and the bottom end position of the supporting pile body 1 is shielded and protected by using the protection frame 102. Two inlay frames 807 are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the top frame 801, and two inlay plates 808 are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the supporting pile body 1. The inlay plate 808 is an elastic plate, and the cross section of the inlay plate 808 is in the shape of an inverted hook. The surface of the inlay plate 808 is clamped with the inner wall of the inlay frame 807. Mounting frames 802 are fixedly connected to both end surfaces of the top frame 801. A rotating plate 803 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame 802. A plug plate 806 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the supporting pile body 1, and the surface of the plug plate 806 is inserted into the inner wall of the rotating plate 803. A plug rod 805 is threadedly penetrated through the lower surface of the rotating plate 803, and one end of the plug rod 805 is inserted into the surface of the plug plate 806. Four limiting columns 809 are uniformly fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame 801. Four limiting holes 810 are formed on the upper end surface of the supporting pile body 1. A sealing ring 811 is sleeved on the inner wall of the limiting hole 810, and the arc surface of the limiting column 809 is inserted into the inner wall of the limiting hole 810. In this embodiment, by means of the limiting columns 809 fixed to the lower surface of the top frame 801 and the limiting holes 810 formed on the upper surface of the supporting pile body 1, the position of the top frame 801 can be effectively fixed and protected, preventing the top frame 801 from falling off. The surface of the sealing ring 811 abuts against the lower surface of the top frame 801. Coil springs 804 are sleeved on both ends of the arc surface of the inner wall of the mounting frame 802, and both ends of the coil spring 804 are fixedly connected to the rotating plate 803 and the mounting frame 802 respectively. In this embodiment, the position of the rotating plate 803 can be effectively protected and limited by means of the torsional force generated by the coil spring 804. A support frame 812 is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the supporting pile body 1. The cross-sectional size of the support frame 812 is adapted to the cross-sectional sizes of the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5. The support frame 812 is a hard alloy frame. The first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 are fixedly connected and the cross section is in a cross shape. Both the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 are rubber tubes. The effects achieved in this embodiment are as follows: By means of the support frame 812 made of hard alloy material, the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 can be effectively and conveniently supported and protected, preventing deformation. By means of the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 made of rubber material, effective protection can be carried out.In addition, one end of the top column 95 away from the moving column 92 is fixedly connected with a top block 96, and the cross-section of the top block 96 is in a sharp cone shape; when inserting the top column 95 into the foundation, the sharp cone-shaped top block 96 can be used for plugging and fixing protection. Preferably, the insertion tube 94 is a stainless steel tube, and the bottom cross-section of the insertion tube 94 is in a sharp cone shape; with the stainless steel insertion tube 94 of the present invention, it can be used for a long time to avoid rusting.

[0036] As Figure 7 As shown, the positioning mechanism 9 includes a positioning plate 91. The inner wall of the positioning plate 91 is fixedly connected with an insertion tube 94. The inner wall of the insertion tube 94 is threadedly connected with a moving column 92. The upper end of the moving column 92 is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft 93. Both sides of the bottom end of the inner wall of the insertion tube 94 are slidably penetrated by a top column 95. The cross-section of the top column 95 is in a "T" shape. A spring 98 is sleeved on the arc surface of the top column 95. Both ends of the spring 98 are fixedly connected with the top column 95 and the insertion tube 94 respectively. The bottom end of the moving column 92 is fixedly connected with a guiding block 97. The cross-section of the guiding block 97 is in a sharp cone shape. The surface of the guiding block 97 abuts against one end of the top column 95. One end of the top column 95 away from the moving column 92 is fixedly connected with a top block 96. The cross-section of the top block 96 is in a sharp cone shape. The insertion tube 94 is a stainless steel tube, and the bottom cross-section of the insertion tube 94 is in a sharp cone shape. In order to better fix and limit the supporting pile body 1 and avoid loosening of the supporting pile body 1 during use, at this time, the positioning mechanisms 9 on both sides of the supporting pile body 1 can be used for effective plugging and fixing protection operations, which helps to better protect the supporting pile body 1.

[0037] As Figure 8 As shown, the protection mechanism 10 includes a plurality of sliding rods 101. The plurality of sliding rods 101 are evenly distributed on the surface of the supporting pile body 1. Both ends of the sliding rods 101 are fixedly connected with the side wall surface of the supporting pile body 1. The arc surfaces of the plurality of sliding rods 101 are slidably connected with the same protection frame 102. The upper end of the protection frame 102 is fixedly connected with a sliding frame 106. The inner wall of the sliding frame 106 is slidably connected with the side wall surface of the supporting pile body 1. The arc surface of one of the sliding rods 101 is slidably connected with a sliding ring 104. The bottom end of the sliding ring 104 is fixedly connected with the surface of the protection frame 102. A screw rod 105 is threadedly penetrated through the arc surface of the sliding ring 104. One end of the screw rod 105 abuts against the arc surface of the sliding rod 101. Card slots 103 are formed on the lower surfaces around the protection frame 102. The cross-section of the card slots 103 is in a sharp cone shape. The effect achieved by this technical solution is that the sharp cone-shaped card slots 103 can be quickly and conveniently plugged and fixed with the surface of the foundation.

[0038] The overall working principle of the present invention is that when the supporting pile body 1 is effectively operated and used, first, the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3 are docked and limited with the first groove 6 and the second groove 7 formed on the surface of the supporting pile body 1. At the same time, the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 are used to protect the first optical fiber structure 2 and the second optical fiber structure 3. During this process, first, the protection frame 102 in the protection mechanism 10 is slid along the sliding rod 101 until the entire protection frame 102 moves to the upper surface of the supporting pile body 1. Then, the screw 105 on the arc surface of the sliding ring 104 is rotated, so that one end of the screw 105 abuts against the arc surface of the sliding rod 101, thereby fixing the position of the entire protection frame 102. At this time, the entire positioning mechanism 9 can be displayed. In order to insert and fix the entire supporting pile body 1 with the foundation, the positioning mechanism 9 on both sides of the supporting pile body 1 is used for operation. When the entire supporting pile body 1 is inserted into the insertion tubes 94 on both sides and the foundation, the rotating shaft 93 on the surface of the insertion tube 94 is rotated at the same time, so that the rotating shaft 93 drives the moving column 92 fixed at the bottom to rotate threadedly along the inner wall of the insertion tube 94 until the moving column 92 presses against the top column 95, making the entire insertion tube 94 and the top column 95 more firmly fixed to the foundation. Then, the installation mechanism 8 is used for effective fixation. The top frame 801 is docked with the supporting pile body 1, and the first protection tube 4 and the second protection tube 5 are inserted into the embedding grooves 813 formed on the lower surface of the top frame 801. At the same time, the limiting columns 809 on the lower surface of the top frame 801 are inserted and fixed into the limiting holes 810 formed on the upper surface of the supporting pile body 1. The elastic clamping protection is carried out between the embedding frames 807 on both sides of the top frame 801 and the embedding plates 808. Then, the rotating plate 803 on the arc surface of the mounting frame 802 is flipped, so that the rotating plate 803 is inserted and fixed with the insertion plate 806 fixed on the side wall of the supporting pile body 1. Then, the insertion rod 805 on the lower surface of the rotating plate 803 is rotated, so that the insertion rod 805 is inserted and fixed with the surface of the insertion plate 806. At this time, the entire top frame 801 and the supporting pile body 1 are effectively fixed and protected.

[0039] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it does not limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art may use the disclosed technical content to make changes or modifications into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, as long as it does not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An open-pit coal mine slope support pile, comprising a support pile body (1), characterized in that: Two symmetrical first grooves (6) and second grooves (7) are respectively provided on the surrounding surfaces of the supporting pile body (1); the inner wall of the first groove (6) is fixedly connected to a first protective tube (4); the inner wall of the second groove (7) is fixedly connected to a second protective tube (5); both ends of the inner wall of the first protective tube (4) are covered with a first optical fiber structure (2) for monitoring the strain of the supporting pile body (1); and both ends of the inner wall of the second protective tube (5) are covered with a second optical fiber structure (3) for monitoring the water content of the supporting pile body (1).

2. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the supporting pile body (1) is provided with a mounting mechanism (8), the mounting mechanism (8) comprising a top frame (801), the lower surface of the top frame (801) abutting against the upper surface of the supporting pile body (1), the lower surface of the top frame (801) being provided with an inlay groove (813), the inner wall of the inlay groove (813) being plugged into the surfaces of the first protection tube (4) and the second protection tube (5).

3. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two inlay frames (807) are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the top frame (801), and two inlay plates (808) are fixedly connected to both side surfaces of the support pile body (1). The inlay plates (808) are elastic plates, and the cross-section of the inlay plates (808) is in the shape of a barb. The surface of the inlay plates (808) is snap-fitted to the inner wall of the inlay frame (807).

4. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: The surfaces at both ends of the top frame (801) are fixedly connected to mounting frames (802), and the inner wall of the mounting frame (802) is rotatably connected to a rotating plate (803).

5. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plug plate (806) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the support pile body (1), the surface of the plug plate (806) is plugged into the inner wall of the rotating plate (803), a plug rod (805) is threadedly penetrated through the lower surface of the rotating plate (803), and one end of the plug rod (805) is plugged into the surface of the plug plate (806).

6. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four limiting columns (809) are evenly and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top frame (801); four limiting holes (810) are opened on the upper end surface of the support pile body (1); the inner walls of the limiting holes (810) are sleeved with sealing rings (811); the arc surface of the limiting column (809) is plugged into the inner wall of the limiting hole (810); and the surface of the sealing ring (811) is in contact with the lower surface of the top frame (801).

7. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 4, characterized in that: Coil springs (804) are sleeved on both ends of the arc surface of the inner wall of the mounting frame (802), and the two ends of the coil spring (804) are fixedly connected to the rotating plate (803) and the mounting frame (802) respectively.

8. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (812) is fixedly connected to the upper end surface of the support pile body (1); the cross-sectional dimensions of the support frame (812) are compatible with the cross-sectional dimensions of the first protection tube (4) and the second protection tube (5); and the support frame (812) is a hard alloy frame.

9. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first protective tube (4) and the second protective tube (5) are fixedly connected and have a cross-shaped cross section; both the first protective tube (4) and the second protective tube (5) are rubber tubes.

10. The open-pit coal mine slope support pile according to claim 1, characterized in that: Positioning mechanisms (9) are provided on both sides of the bottom end of the support pile body (1). The positioning mechanism (9) comprises a positioning plate (91). The inner wall of the positioning plate (91) is fixedly connected to a plug tube (94). The inner wall of the plug tube (94) is threadedly connected to a movable column (92). The upper end of the movable column (92) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (93). Top columns (95) are slidably penetrated through both sides of the bottom end of the inner wall of the plug tube (94). The cross section of the top column (95) is in a "T" shape. The arc surface of the top column (95) is sleeved with a spring (98). The two ends of the spring (98) are fixedly connected to the top column (95) and the plug tube (94) respectively. The bottom end of the movable column (92) is fixedly connected to a guide block (97). The cross section of the guide block (97) is in a pointed cone shape. The surface of the guide block (97) abuts against one end of the top column (95).

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