Beveling-free feed mining method

Abstract

A non-beveling feed mining method specifically comprises the following steps that (1) auxiliary working faces are arranged at the two ends of a main working face in advance, and single-drum coal mining machines, auxiliary scraper conveyors and hydraulic supports are arranged on the auxiliary working faces; (2) pre-opening pits of the secondary working surfaces at the two ends and normal pushing and mining of the main working surface are performed simultaneously; wherein the single-drum coal mining machine starts a pit on the auxiliary working face, and a hydraulic support of the auxiliary working face follows a pulling frame and is pushed to slide; the double-drum coal mining machine cuts coal on the main working face, the hydraulic support of the main working face follows the pulling frame and is pushed to slide, and when the double-drum coal mining machine runs to enter the machine nests in the two ends, the double-drum coal mining machine returns a cutter and directly and vertically feeds the cutter to cut the coal wall to achieve pushing mining of the main working face. The method does not need conventional beveling feeding and then back-and-forth coal cutting, realizes simultaneous operation of pre-opening machine nests at the two ends of the fully mechanized coal mining face and normal pushing mining of the middle section, greatly improves mining efficiency, is beneficial to reducing the arrangement number of the working faces, reduces the labor time of workers, and increases the economic benefits of enterprises.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, and specifically, to a mining method without diagonal cutting for entry. Background Art

[0002] In the existing coal mining technology, when a double-drum shearer is used to mine a working face, the diagonal cutting for entry process is generally used. When the double-drum shearer runs to both ends of the working face for the next cut, it needs to cut diagonally at the end of the working face and reciprocate at the end to form a cut and cut and clean up the remaining coal. The conventional end diagonal cutting for entry process has low efficiency. With the development of coal mine intelligentization and the pursuit of improved mining efficiency, it cannot meet the needs of high-speed cutting. To achieve the production target, more working faces need to be arranged or the operation time needs to be extended, which is not conducive to the safe mining of coal mines.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN 2023118651699 discloses a coal mining method with pre-cutting for entry. By additionally arranging single-drum shearers at both ends of the scraper conveyor on the working face, the single-drum shearers perform pre-cutting for entry by vertical cutting. When the double-drum shearer runs to both ends, it cuts diagonally into the pre-cut opening to improve the mining efficiency. However, the depth of the pre-cut openings at both ends needs to reach twice the cutting depth, and this process does not mention how to effectively support these openings. On the other hand, when the double-drum shearer cuts diagonally into the pre-cut opening, there is a situation of running an empty cut, and the diagonal cutting for entry process is complex and the efficiency is still low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and thus provide a mining method without diagonal cutting for entry.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a mining method without diagonal cutting for entry, taking the fully-mechanized working face as the main working face. The main working face is equipped with a double-drum shearer, hydraulic supports and a main scraper conveyor. A machine roadway is opened at the right end of the main working face, and an air roadway is opened at the left end. The head of the main scraper conveyor is located in the machine roadway, and the tail is located in the air roadway. A transfer conveyor is arranged in the machine roadway. The method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Sub-working faces are arranged in advance at both ends of the main working face. The sub-working faces are equipped with single-drum shearers, sub-scraper conveyors and hydraulic supports. Among them, a transfer belt conveyor is additionally configured for the sub-working face at the left end. The two ends of the transfer belt conveyor are respectively connected to the tail of the main scraper conveyor and the head of the sub-scraper conveyor at the left end. The transfer belt conveyor is used to transfer the coal cut from the sub-working face at the left end to the main scraper conveyor for transportation away. The sub-scraper conveyor at the right end directly conveys the coal cut from the sub-working face at the right end to the transfer conveyor for transportation away. The top beam of the hydraulic support in the sub-working face is overlapped with the top beam of the hydraulic support in the main working face through the front and rear telescopic beams to achieve closed support for the roof; (2) Pre-opening the machine pits at both ends of the auxiliary working face is carried out simultaneously with the normal coal cutting in the main working face. Among them, the single-drum shearer opens the machine pit in the auxiliary working face, and the hydraulic supports in the auxiliary working face follow to pull the supports and push the scraper conveyor. The double-drum shearer cuts coal in the main working face, and the hydraulic supports in the main working face follow to pull the supports and push the scraper conveyor. When the double-drum shearer runs to enter the machine pits at both ends, the double-drum shearer returns the cutter and directly cuts vertically into the coal wall to realize the coal cutting in the main working face.

[0006] Based on the above, the processes of pre-opening the machine pits at both ends of the auxiliary working face are the same. The process of pre-opening the machine pit in the auxiliary working face on the right end is as follows: (1) In the initial state, the single-drum shearer is located at the right end of the auxiliary working face on the right end, and the drum of the single-drum shearer is located in the roadway. All the hydraulic supports in the auxiliary working face on the right end are close to the coal wall. (2) The rocker arm of the single-drum shearer drives the drum to rotate to the upper right of the machine body, and the single-drum shearer starts to cut the upper part of the coal wall to the left. (3) Each hydraulic support in the auxiliary working face on the right end follows the single-drum shearer from right to left to pull the supports in turn for roof support. (4) When the single-drum shearer cuts coal to the left end of the auxiliary working face on the right end, the rocker arm of the single-drum shearer starts to drive the drum to rotate to realize the rotary cutting of the left end of the auxiliary working face on the right end. (5) After the single-drum shearer completes the end rotary cutting, the drum rotates to the lower right of the machine body of the single-drum shearer. (6) The single-drum shearer moves to the right to cut the lower part of the coal wall. When the single-drum shearer moves to the right by a certain distance, each hydraulic support in the auxiliary working face on the right end starts to push the scraper conveyor from left to right, so that the S-bend of the auxiliary scraper conveyor follows the single-drum shearer to move to the right. (7) The single-drum shearer reaches the right end of the auxiliary working face on the right end, the auxiliary scraper conveyor is pushed straight, and the drum rotates to the horizontal position with the rocker arm to complete a coal cutting cycle. (8) Repeat the above coal cutting cycle to realize the pre-opening of the machine pit in the auxiliary working face and the coal wall mining operation.

[0007] The present invention has prominent substantial features and remarkable progress compared with the prior art. Specifically, by arranging small working faces (auxiliary working faces) in advance at both ends of the fully mechanized coal mining face (main working face), a single-drum shearer, an auxiliary scraper conveyor, and hydraulic supports are arranged in the auxiliary working face. The single-drum shearer pre-drills a machine pit in the auxiliary working face and the roof support is realized through the hydraulic supports. At the same time, the main working face is normally mined by a double-drum shearer. When the double-drum shearer runs to both ends of the main working face, it can enter the pre-drilled machine pit, return the cutter directly and vertically to cut the coal for the next cut, without the need for the conventional oblique cutting and then returning to cut the coal, realizing the simultaneous operation of pre-drilling machine pits at both ends of the fully mechanized coal mining face and normal mining in the middle section, greatly improving the mining efficiency, being beneficial to reducing the number of working face arrangements, reducing the working hours of workers, and increasing the economic benefits of the enterprise. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the layout of the coal mining working face at the head end of the main scraper conveyor of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the layout of the coal mining working face at the tail end of the main scraper conveyor of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the layout of the single-drum shearer and the hydraulic supports in the initial state of the auxiliary working face at the right end of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 4 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the single-drum shearer at the auxiliary working face at the right end of the present invention starting to cut the upper part of the coal wall to the left.

[0012] Figure 5 FIG. is a schematic diagram of each hydraulic support in the auxiliary working face at the right end of the present invention following the single-drum shearer to pull the support for roof support.

[0013] Figure 6 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the rocker arm starting to drive the drum to rotate when the single-drum shearer cuts the coal to the left end of the auxiliary working face at the right end of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 7 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the single-drum shearer of the present invention after completing the end rotary cutting.

[0015] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the single-drum shearer moving to the right to cut the lower part of the coal wall, and each hydraulic support in the auxiliary working face at the right end following the scraper pushing from left to right.

[0016] Figure 9 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the single-drum shearer reaching the right end of the auxiliary working face at the right end and completing one coal cutting cycle of the present invention.

[0017] In the figure: 1. Main working face; 2. Double-drum shearer; 3. Hydraulic support; 4. Main scraper conveyor; 5. Machine roadway; 6. Air roadway; 7. Transfer conveyor; 8. Auxiliary working face; 9. Single-drum shearer; 10. Auxiliary scraper conveyor; 11. Transfer belt conveyor; 12. Coal wall. Detailed implementation manners

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below through specific implementation manners.

[0019] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, a mining method without oblique cutting and feed is provided. Taking the fully-mechanized mining face as the main working face 1, a double-drum shearer 2, a hydraulic support 3 and a main scraper conveyor 4 are arranged on the main working face 1. A machine roadway 5 is opened at the right end of the main working face 1, and an air roadway 6 is opened at the left end. The head of the main scraper conveyor 4 is located in the machine roadway 5, and the tail is located in the air roadway 6. A transfer conveyor 7 is arranged in the machine roadway 5. The method specifically includes the following steps: (1) Auxiliary working faces 8 are arranged in advance at both ends of the main working face 1. A single-drum shearer 9, an auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 and a hydraulic support 3 are arranged on the auxiliary working face 8. Among them, a transfer belt conveyor 11 is additionally configured for the auxiliary working face 8 at the left end. The two ends of the transfer belt conveyor 11 are respectively butted against the tail of the main scraper conveyor 4 and the head of the auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 at the left end. The transfer belt conveyor 11 is used to transfer the coal cut from the auxiliary working face 8 at the left end to the main scraper conveyor 4 for transportation away. The auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 at the right end directly conveys the coal cut from the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end to the transfer conveyor 7 for transportation away. The roof beams of the hydraulic supports 3 on the auxiliary working face 8 are overlapped with the roof beams of the hydraulic supports 3 on the main working face 1 through front and rear telescopic beams to realize the closed support for the roof; (2) Pre-opening the machine pits at both ends of the auxiliary working faces 8 and the normal coal cutting in the main working face 1 are carried out simultaneously. Among them, the single-drum shearer 9 opens the machine pit in the auxiliary working face 8, and the hydraulic support 3 on the auxiliary working face 8 follows to pull the support and push the scraper conveyor. The double-drum shearer 2 cuts coal in the main working face 1, and the hydraulic support 3 on the main working face 1 follows to pull the support and push the scraper conveyor. When the double-drum shearer 2 runs to enter the machine pits at both ends, the double-drum shearer 2 returns the cutter and directly vertically cuts into the coal wall 12 to realize the coal cutting in the main working face 1.

[0020] The processes of pre-opening the machine pits at both ends of the auxiliary working faces 8 are the same. As Figures 3 - 9 shown, taking the process of pre-opening the machine pit of the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end as an example, it is specifically as follows: (1) In the initial state, the single-drum shearer 9 is located at the right end of the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end, the drum of the single-drum shearer 9 is located in the machine roadway 5, and all the hydraulic supports 3 in the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end are close to the coal wall 12; (2) The rocker arm of the single-drum shearer 9 drives the drum to rotate to the upper right part of the machine body, and the single-drum shearer 9 starts to cut the upper part of the coal wall 12 to the left; (3) Each hydraulic support 3 in the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end follows the single-drum shearer 9 from right to left to pull the support in sequence for roof support; (4) When the single-drum shearer 9 cuts coal to the left end of the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end, the rocker arm of the single-drum shearer 9 starts to drive the drum to rotate, realizing rotary cutting of the left end of the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end; (5) After the single-drum shearer 9 completes the end rotary cutting, the drum rotates to the lower right part of the body of the single-drum shearer 9; (6) The single-drum shearer 9 moves to the right to cut the lower part of the coal wall 12. When the single-drum shearer 9 moves a certain distance to the right, each hydraulic support 3 in the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end starts to push the scraper conveyor from left to right, so that the S-bend of the auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 follows the single-drum shearer 9 to move to the right; (7) When the single-drum shearer 9 reaches the right end of the auxiliary working face 8 at the right end, the auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 is pushed straight, and the drum rotates to the horizontal position with the rocker arm, completing one coal cutting cycle; (8) Repeat the above coal cutting cycle to realize the pre-opening of the machine pit and the coal wall 12 mining operation in the auxiliary working face 8.

[0021] In the present invention, small working faces (auxiliary working faces 8) are arranged in advance at both ends of the fully-mechanized coal mining face (main working face 1). The single-drum shearer 9, the auxiliary scraper conveyor 10 and the hydraulic supports 3 are arranged in the auxiliary working face 8. The single-drum shearer 9 pre-opens the machine pit in the auxiliary working face 8 and the roof support is realized through the hydraulic supports 3. At the same time, the main working face 1 is normally pushed by the double-drum shearer 2. When the double-drum shearer 2 runs to both ends of the main working face 1, it can enter the pre-opened machine pit and directly cut the coal vertically in reverse, without the need for conventional oblique cutting and then returning to cut the coal. It realizes the simultaneous operation of pre-opening the machine pit at both ends of the fully-mechanized coal mining face and normal pushing in the middle section, greatly improving the mining efficiency, being beneficial to reducing the number of working face arrangements, reducing the working time of workers, and increasing the economic benefits of the enterprise.

[0022] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or make equivalent replacements for some technical features; without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, they should all be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A non-oblique cutting mining method, with a fully mechanized mining face as the main working face, a double-drum coal mining machine, a hydraulic support and a main scraper are arranged on the main working face, a machine lane is set at the right end of the main working face, and a ventilation lane is set at the left end, the head of the main scraper is located in the machine lane, and the tail is located in the ventilation lane, and a transfer machine is arranged in the machine lane, characterized in that: The specific steps include: (i) Auxiliary working faces are arranged ahead of both ends of the main working face, and single-drum coal mining machines, auxiliary scrapers and hydraulic supports are arranged on the auxiliary working faces. Among them, the auxiliary working face on the left end is additionally equipped with a transfer belt conveyor, and the two ends of the transfer belt conveyor are respectively connected to the tail of the main scraper and the head of the auxiliary scraper on the left end. The transfer belt conveyor is used to transfer the coal cut from the auxiliary working face on the left end to the main scraper for transportation, and the auxiliary scraper on the right end directly transports the coal cut from the auxiliary working face on the right end to the transfer machine for transportation; the hydraulic support top beam of the auxiliary working face is overlapped with the hydraulic support top beam of the main working face through front and rear telescopic beams to achieve closed support for the roof; (ii) The pre-opening of machine holes at the auxiliary working faces at both ends is carried out simultaneously with the normal mining on the main working face; the single-drum coal shearer opens the machine hole at the auxiliary working face, and the hydraulic support of the auxiliary working face follows the pull frame and pushes the machine; the double-drum coal shearer cuts coal on the main working face, and the hydraulic support of the main working face follows the pull frame and pushes the machine. When the double-drum coal shearer runs into the machine holes at both ends, the double-drum coal shearer returns the cutter and directly cuts into the coal wall vertically to realize mining on the main working face.

2. A mining method without oblique cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The process of pre-opening the machine nest of the auxiliary working surface at both ends is the same. The process of pre-opening the machine nest of the auxiliary working surface at the right end is as follows: (1) In the initial state, the single-drum coal mining machine is located at the right end of the auxiliary working face at the right end, the drum of the single-drum coal mining machine is located in the machine lane, and all hydraulic supports in the auxiliary working face at the right end are close to the coal wall; (2) The rocker arm of the single-drum coal shearer drives the drum to rotate to the upper right part of the machine body, and the single-drum coal shearer begins to cut the upper part of the coal wall to the left; (3) Each hydraulic support in the auxiliary working surface at the right end follows the single drum coal mining machine from right to left to pull the support frame to support the roof; (4) When the single-drum coal shearer cuts coal to the left and reaches the left end of the auxiliary working surface at the right end, the rocker arm of the single-drum coal shearer starts to drive the drum to rotate, thereby realizing rotary cutting of the left end of the auxiliary working surface at the right end; (5) After the single-drum coal mining machine completes the end rotary cutting, the drum rotates to the lower right part of the single-drum coal mining machine body; (6) The single-drum coal shearer moves right to cut the lower part of the coal wall. When the single-drum coal shearer moves right a certain distance, the hydraulic supports in the auxiliary working surface at the right end start to slide from left to right, so that the S-bend of the auxiliary scraper follows the single-drum coal shearer to move right; (7) The single-drum coal shearer reaches the right end of the auxiliary working surface at the right end, the auxiliary scraper is pushed straight, and the drum rotates to the horizontal with the rocker arm, completing a coal cutting cycle; (8) Repeat the above coal cutting cycle to realize the pre-opening of the machine pit and coal wall mining operations of the auxiliary working face.

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