Dust fall and ventilation device for tunnel construction

Abstract

The invention provides a dust falling and ventilating device for tunnel construction, and relates to the field of construction equipment, the dust falling and ventilating device comprises a shell, a motor arranged in the shell, a rotating shaft arranged at the output end of the motor and a first fan arranged on the rotating shaft, and further comprises a cleaning mechanism arranged in the shell; in order to solve the problem that in the prior art, when dust is discharged out of a tunnel through a dust falling ventilation device for tunnel construction, discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel, and construction of workers is affected, the dust falling ventilation device for tunnel construction is provided with the cleaning mechanism, so that the dust falling ventilation device for tunnel construction has the advantages that the dust falling ventilation device is simple in structure and convenient to use; the condition of reverse diffusion of dust outside the tunnel is prevented; through the arrangement of the cleaning mechanism, the problem that in the prior art, dust outside the tunnel causes air pollution to the surrounding environment is solved; and through the arrangement of the cleaning mechanism, the problem that in the prior art, dust is excessively accumulated in the shell, so that the dust treatment efficiency is reduced is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of construction equipment, and more particularly, to a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction. Background Art

[0002] The dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction is an important device specifically used to improve air quality, reduce dust concentration, and ensure the health and construction safety of construction workers during tunnel construction. When the existing dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction discharges dust outside the tunnel, the ventilation system mostly adopts a single exhaust ventilation method, which is difficult to effectively control the diffusion direction of dust. The discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel. The reverse diffusion of dust will reduce the visibility inside the tunnel, affect the line of sight of construction workers, and increase the risk of construction accidents.

[0003] For example: The "Tunnel Road Construction Ventilation and Dust Removal Device" disclosed in the Chinese invention patent (application number: 202410362599.7) has its specification disclosed that during the tunnel road construction process, a ventilation and dust removal device is required. Most of the ventilation and dust removal devices discharge dust outside the tunnel through forced air supply and exhaust. Since there is still a large amount of dust in the discharged air, the discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel, resulting in an unsatisfactory ventilation and dust removal effect for the tunnel and affecting the progress of tunnel road construction; the above patent can prove the defects existing in the prior art.

[0004] Therefore, we make improvements in this regard and propose a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problem that when the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction discharges dust outside the tunnel, the discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel, which affects the construction of workers.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention purpose, the present invention provides a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction to improve the above problems.

[0007] Specifically, this application is as follows:

[0008] It includes a housing, a motor disposed inside the housing, a rotating shaft disposed at the output end of the motor, and a first fan disposed on the rotating shaft. It further includes a cleaning mechanism disposed inside the housing;

[0009] The cleaning mechanism includes a filter plate disposed on the housing, a hollow seat disposed inside the housing, a driving shaft rotatably disposed on the hollow seat, a scraping plate disposed on the driving shaft, a speed reduction component disposed inside the hollow seat, an atomization component disposed inside the housing, and a discharge component disposed inside the housing.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the deceleration assembly includes a transmission shaft rotatably arranged in the hollow seat, a first gear is arranged on the rotating shaft, a second gear and a third gear are arranged on the transmission shaft, a fourth gear is arranged on the driving shaft, the first gear and the second gear are mutually adapted, and the third gear and the fourth gear are mutually adapted.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a fixing ring is fixedly penetrated through the housing, a water storage seat is rotatably arranged in the fixing ring, an external connecting pipe is fixedly penetrated through the fixing ring, and one end of the scraping plate away from the filter plate is wedge-shaped.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the atomization assembly includes a triangular block slidably arranged on the scraping plate, a water-absorbing sponge is arranged on the triangular block, a spring is connected to the corresponding surfaces of the triangular block and the scraping plate, and a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks are arranged in the water storage seat.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks are arranged in a circumferential array in the water storage seat, and positioning columns are arranged on the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the discharge assembly includes a first discharge hole arranged on the water storage seat, a Y-shaped pipe is arranged on the fixing ring, a second discharge hole is arranged at one end of the Y-shaped pipe close to the water storage seat, and the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole are mutually adapted.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, a rotating ring is arranged outside the first fan, the rotating ring is rotatably arranged in the housing, an extrusion groove is arranged on the rotating ring, a rolling ball is slidably arranged on the extrusion groove, a piston is slidably arranged in the Y-shaped pipe, an L-shaped rod is arranged on the piston, the rolling ball is rotatably arranged on the L-shaped rod, the L-shaped rod is slidably arranged on the Y-shaped pipe, an adjusting ring one is arranged on the Y-shaped pipe, a baffle one is rotatably arranged on the adjusting ring one, and the rotating part of the adjusting ring one and the baffle one is connected by a torsion spring.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, an adjusting ring two is arranged on the Y-shaped pipe, a baffle two is rotatably arranged on the adjusting ring two, and the rotating part of the adjusting ring two and the baffle two is connected by a torsion spring.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the end of the Y-shaped pipe connected to the housing is inclined, and the bottom of the water storage seat is frustum-shaped.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present application, the filter plate is rotatably arranged in the housing, a second fan is arranged on the filter plate, and a guiding ring is arranged in the housing.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0020] In the solution of this application:

[0021] 1. To solve the problem that when the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction in the prior art discharges dust outside the tunnel, the discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel, affecting the construction of workers, in this application, through the arranged cleaning mechanism, the dust on the surface of the filter plate is scraped in time by the scraper, and the scraped dust is mixed with water, preventing the dust from adhering to the filter plate again, thereby preventing the reverse diffusion of dust outside the tunnel;

[0022] 2. Through the arranged cleaning mechanism, the water-absorbing sponge is driven to rotate synchronously by the scraper, realizing the water absorption of the water-absorbing sponge and wetting the filter plate. The wind generated by the second fan cooperates with the water droplets on the surface of the filter plate, making the discharged water droplets form water mist to reduce dust outside the tunnel, solving the problem of air pollution caused by dust outside the tunnel to the surrounding environment in the prior art;

[0023] 3. Through the arranged cleaning mechanism, the first discharge hole and the second discharge hole are made to coincide by the rotation of the scraper, and part of the precipitated dust particles are discharged, realizing the intermittent discharge of dust particles, avoiding the continuous use of water resources for dust treatment, improving the utilization efficiency of water resources, and solving the problem that dust accumulates excessively inside the housing in the prior art, thereby reducing the dust treatment efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the housing of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic internal structure diagram of the Y-shaped pipe of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cleaning mechanism of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing ring of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the speed reduction component of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the extrusion groove of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by this application.

[0031] Labels in the figure:

[0032] 1. Housing; 101. Motor; 102. Rotating shaft; 103. First fan;

[0033] 2. Cleaning mechanism; 201. Filter plate; 202. Hollow seat; 203. Drive shaft; 204. Scraper; 205. Reduction assembly; 2051. Transmission shaft; 2052. First gear; 2053. Second gear; 2054. Third gear; 2055. Fourth gear; 206. Fixed ring; 207. Water storage seat; 208. Outer connecting pipe; 209. Atomization assembly; 2091. Triangular block; 2092. Absorbent sponge; 2093. Spring; 2094. Wedge block; 210. Positioning column; 211. Discharge assembly; 2111. First discharge hole; 2112. Y-shaped pipe; 2113. Second discharge hole; 212. Rotating ring; 213. Extrusion groove; 214. Ball; 215. Piston; 216. L-shaped rod; 217. First adjusting ring; 218. First baffle; 219. Second adjusting ring; 220. Second baffle; 221. Second fan; 222. Guide ring. Detailed implementation manner

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0035] As described in the background art, when the existing dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction discharges dust outside the tunnel, the discharged dust is prone to reverse diffusion outside the tunnel, affecting the construction of workers.

[0036] To solve this technical problem, the present invention provides a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction, which is applied to construction equipment.

[0037] Specifically, please refer to Figures 1-7 , the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction specifically includes: a housing 1, a motor 101 arranged in the housing 1, a rotating shaft 102 arranged at the output end of the motor 101, and a first fan 103 arranged on the rotating shaft 102. It also includes a cleaning mechanism 2 arranged in the housing 1. In the prior art, the housing 1 is installed on an existing bracket, and the existing bracket and the housing 1 are installed outside the tunnel. The housing 1 is connected to an existing exhaust pipe, connected to the tunnel through the existing exhaust pipe, and the first fan 103 is driven to rotate by the motor 101 to suck the dust in the tunnel into the existing exhaust pipe, and finally the dust is discharged outside the tunnel through one end of the housing 1 far from the exhaust pipe;

[0038] The cleaning mechanism 2 includes a filter plate 201 arranged on the shell 1, a hollow seat 202 arranged in the shell 1, a driving shaft 203 rotatably arranged on the hollow seat 202, a scraper 204 arranged on the driving shaft 203, a deceleration component 205 arranged in the hollow seat 202, an atomization component 209 arranged in the shell 1, and a discharge component 211 arranged in the shell 1.

[0039] The dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that when the dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction discharges dust to the outside of the tunnel, the discharged dust is easy to diffuse in the opposite direction outside the tunnel, thus affecting the construction of workers. The present application uses a cleaning mechanism 2 to scrape off the dust on the surface of the filter plate 201 in time through a scraper 204, and mixes the scraped dust with water to prevent the dust from attaching to the filter plate 201 for the second time, thereby preventing the dust from diffusing in the opposite direction outside the tunnel.

[0040] By setting the cleaning mechanism 2, the scraper 204 drives the water-absorbing sponge 2092 to rotate synchronously, so that the water-absorbing sponge 2092 absorbs water and moistens the filter plate 201. The wind generated by the fan 221 cooperates with the water droplets on the surface of the filter plate 201, so that the discharged water droplets form water mist, which reduces dust outside the tunnel, solving the problem of reducing the air pollution caused by dust outside the tunnel to the surrounding environment in the prior art;

[0041] By setting up the cleaning mechanism 2, the scraper 204 is rotated to drive the discharge hole 1 2111 and the discharge hole 2 2113 to overlap, so that part of the precipitated dust particles are discharged, thereby realizing the intermittent discharge of dust particles, avoiding the continuous use of water resources for dust treatment, improving the utilization efficiency of water resources, and solving the problem of excessive accumulation of dust inside the shell 1 in the prior art, thereby reducing the dust treatment efficiency.

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0044] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0045] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown in the figure, a dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction, its speed reduction component 205 includes a transmission shaft 2051 rotatably arranged in a hollow seat 202. A first gear 2052 is arranged on the rotating shaft 102, a second gear 2053 and a third gear 2054 are arranged on the transmission shaft 2051, and a fourth gear 2055 is arranged on the driving shaft 203. The first gear 2052 and the second gear 2053 are mutually adapted, and the third gear 2054 and the fourth gear 2055 are mutually adapted. The speed reduction component 205 is used to drive the driving shaft 203 to decelerate, prevent the rapid rotation of the scraper 204 from causing serious wear of the scraper 204 and the filter plate 201, improve the service life of the filter plate 201 and the scraper 204. When the motor 101 is started, the motor 101 drives the rotating shaft 102 to rotate, the rotating shaft 102 drives the first fan 103 to rotate synchronously. At the same time, the rotating shaft 102 drives the first gear 2052 to rotate, the first gear 2052 drives the second gear 2053 to rotate, the second gear 2053 drives the transmission shaft 2051 together with the third gear 2054 to rotate, the third gear 2054 drives the fourth gear 2055 to rotate, and the fourth gear 2055 drives the driving shaft 203 to rotate synchronously. Among them, the gear ratio of the first gear 2052 is less than that of the second gear 2053, and the gear ratio of the third gear 2054 is less than that of the fourth gear 2055. Thus, the rotation speed of the driving shaft 203 is less than the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 102. The driving shaft 203 rotates to drive the scraper 204 to rotate. The first fan 103 sucks the dust into the housing 1, and the filter plate 201 filters the dust, so that the dust adheres to the surface of the filter plate 201. The scraper 204 rotates to scrape the dust on the surface of the filter plate 201;

[0046] Furthermore, a fixed ring 206 is fixedly penetrated through the housing 1. A water storage seat 207 is rotatably arranged in the fixed ring 206. An outer connecting pipe 208 is fixedly penetrated through the fixed ring 206. One end of the scraper 204 away from the filter plate 201 is wedge-shaped. The water storage seat 207 is used to store water, and the outer connecting pipe 208 is used to connect with an existing water delivery device. Water is delivered into the outer connecting pipe 208 through the existing water delivery device, and the water delivered into the outer connecting pipe 208 replenishes the water storage seat 207. When the scraper 204 rotates and scrapes the dust on the surface of the filter plate 201, the dust separated from the surface of the filter plate 201 falls into the water storage seat 207. In this way, the dust is fused with water, reducing the possibility of the dust being re-attached to the surface of the filter plate 201 due to the wind generated by the first fan 103;

[0047] Further, the atomizing assembly 209 includes a triangular block 2091 slidably arranged on the scraper 204. A water-absorbing sponge 2092 is arranged on the triangular block 2091. Springs 2093 are connected to the corresponding surfaces of the triangular block 2091 and the scraper 204. A plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 2094 are arranged in the water storage base 207. When the scraper 204 rotates, the triangular block 2091 on the scraper 204 rotates synchronously. When the triangular block 2091 rotates and passes by the water storage base 207, the limit of the housing 1 on the triangular block 2091 is released at this time. The elastic force of the spring 2093 drives the triangular block 2091 to expand. The triangular block 2091 together with the water-absorbing sponge 2092 enters the water storage base 207, and the water-absorbing sponge 2092 absorbs water. The triangular block 2091 rotates and squeezes the wedge-shaped block 2094, causing the wedge-shaped block 2094 to rotate along the fixed ring 206. Since the surfaces of the triangular block 2091 and the wedge-shaped block 2094 in contact are both wedge-shaped and are mutually adapted, the triangular block 2091 and the wedge-shaped block 2094 are squeezed at this time, causing the triangular block 2091 to contract into the scraper 204. At the same time, the triangular block 2091, the water-absorbing sponge 2092, and the scraper 204 rotate synchronously. The scraper 204 scrapes the area of the filter plate 201 with dust. Immediately afterwards, the water-filled water-absorbing sponge 2092 wets the area cleaned by the filter plate 201. The wind generated by the rotation of the first fan 103 passes through the wet filter plate 201. The water droplets on the surface of the filter plate 201 are discharged by the wind, so that the water droplets form a water mist shape and are discharged from the housing 1 to the outside world. The floating dust around the tunnel is dust-suppressed by the discharged water mist;

[0048] Further, the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 2094 are arranged in a circumferential array in the water storage base 207. Positioning columns 210 are arranged on the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks 2094. When the triangular block 2091 rotates and cooperates with the wedge-shaped block 2094, the water in the water storage base 207 fluctuates. Through the cooperation of the positioning columns 210 and the wedge-shaped blocks 2094, the fluctuating water is blocked, the oscillation of the water is reduced, and the larger particles in the dust can precipitate more quickly;

[0049] The cleaning mechanism 2 scrapes the dust on the surface of the filter plate 201 and mixes the scraped dust with the water in the water storage base 207, reducing the possibility of the dust adhering to the surface of the filter plate 201 again. At the same time, the surface of the filter plate 201 is wetted. Through the cooperation of the wind generated by the first fan 103 and the water droplets on the surface of the filter plate 201, the water droplets discharged from the housing 1 form a water mist, which suppresses the dust outside the tunnel and reduces the dust concentration outside the tunnel.

[0050] Embodiment 2 further optimizes the dust suppression and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided in Embodiment 1. Specifically, as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 5 andFigure 7 As shown, the discharge assembly 211 includes a first discharge hole 2111 provided on the water storage base 207. A Y-shaped pipe 2112 is provided on the fixing ring 206. A second discharge hole 2113 is provided at one end of the Y-shaped pipe 2112 close to the water storage base 207. The first discharge hole 2111 and the second discharge hole 2113 are mutually adapted. When the triangular block 2091 rotates to squeeze the wedge-shaped block 2094 to make it rotate, the wedge-shaped block 2094 rotates synchronously with the water storage base 207. When the first discharge hole 2111 on the water storage base 207 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113 of the Y-shaped pipe 2112, part of the dust particles settle to the bottom of the water storage base 207. The dust particles settled at the bottom of the water storage base 207 are discharged from the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113, and the discharged dust particles are discharged from the Y-shaped pipe 2112 to the outside, thereby realizing the intermittent discharge of the dust particles;

[0051] Further, a rotating ring 212 is provided outside the first fan 103. The rotating ring 212 is rotatably provided in the housing 1. An extrusion groove 213 is provided on the rotating ring 212. A ball 214 is slidably provided on the extrusion groove 213. A piston 215 is slidably provided in the Y-shaped pipe 2112. An L-shaped rod 216 is provided on the piston 215. The ball 214 is rotatably provided on the L-shaped rod 216. The L-shaped rod 216 is slidably provided on the Y-shaped pipe 2112. An adjusting ring 217 is provided on the Y-shaped pipe 2112. A first baffle 218 is rotatably provided on the adjusting ring 217. The rotating part of the adjusting ring 217 and the first baffle 218 is connected by a torsion spring. When the first fan 103 rotates, the rotating ring 212 outside the first fan 103 rotates synchronously. The extrusion groove 213 on the rotating ring 212 squeezes the ball 214, causing the ball 214 to roll along the extrusion groove 213. The ball 214 rolls along the extrusion groove 213 and makes a reciprocating displacement up and down. As Figure 7 shown, the extrusion groove 213 drives the L-shaped rod 216 to make a reciprocating displacement up and down along the Y-shaped pipe 2112, thereby causing the piston 215 to make a synchronous reciprocating displacement up and down. As Figure 5 shown, when the piston 215 moves upward, a negative pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 away from the L-shaped rod 216. The first baffle 218 blocks the adjusting ring 217. When the dust particles are discharged from the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113, the dust particles are driven into the Y-shaped pipe 2112 smoothly by the negative pressure. When the piston 215 moves downward, a positive pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 away from the L-shaped rod 216. The first baffle 218 unfolds and releases the block on the adjusting ring 217. When the dust particles are discharged from the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113, the positive pressure assists the discharge of the dust particles;

[0052] Further, an adjusting ring II 219 is provided on the Y-shaped pipe 2112, and a baffle II 220 is rotatably provided on the adjusting ring II 219. The rotating part of the adjusting ring II 219 and the baffle II 220 is connected by a torsion spring. When the piston 215 moves upward, a negative pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 far from the L-shaped rod 216. Among them, the baffle I 218 blocks the adjusting ring I 217, and the baffle II 220 unfolds and releases the blockage of the adjusting ring II 219. When the dust particles are discharged from the part where the discharge hole I 2111 coincides with the discharge hole II 2113, the dust particles are driven by the negative pressure to smoothly enter the Y-shaped pipe 2112. When the piston 215 moves downward, a positive pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 far from the L-shaped rod 216. Among them, the baffle I 218 unfolds and releases the blockage of the adjusting ring I 217, and the baffle II 220 blocks the adjusting ring II 219, so that the dust particles in the Y-shaped pipe 2112 are discharged by the assistance of the positive pressure. By blocking the adjusting ring II 219 with the baffle II 220, the generation of positive pressure at the part where the discharge hole I 2111 coincides with the discharge hole II 2113 is prevented, thereby preventing the dust particles from flowing back.

[0053] Further, the end of the Y-shaped pipe 2112 connected to the housing 1 is inclined, and the bottom of the water storage seat 207 is frustum-shaped. When the baffle I 218 and the baffle II 220 are unfolded and closed multiple times, when the baffle I 218 and the baffle II 220 are quickly closed and hit the adjusting ring I 217 and the adjusting ring II 219, the Y-shaped pipe 2112 generates vibrations. The vibrations generated by the Y-shaped pipe 2112 cause vibrations at the bottom of the water storage seat 207. Since the bottom of the water storage seat 207 is frustum-shaped, the precipitated dust particles are converged at the bottom of the water storage seat 207 through the vibrations, so that the precipitated dust particles gather together, improving the discharge efficiency of the dust particles.

[0054] Further, the filter plate 201 is rotatably provided in the housing 1, a fan II 221 is provided on the filter plate 201, a guide ring 222 is provided in the housing 1, and the blade angles of the fan II 221 and the fan I 103 are opposite. When the fan I 103 rotates, when the generated wind passes through the fan II 221, the fan II 221 rotates in the opposite direction relative to the fan I 103, thereby causing the filter plate 201 to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously, improving the cleaning efficiency of the scraper 204, and guiding the water mist through the guide ring 222 to improve the flow rate of the water mist discharged to the outside.

[0055] The cleaning mechanism 2 precipitates the dust entering the water storage seat 207, causes some dust particles to converge through the vibration of the water storage seat 207, makes some particles converge at the bottom of the water storage seat 207, and intermittently discharges some particles to the outside, thus preventing the dust particles from accumulating in the housing 1.

[0056] The use process of the dust reduction and ventilation device for tunnel construction provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0057] During use, start the motor 101. The motor 101 drives the rotating shaft 102 to rotate. The rotating shaft 102 drives the first fan 103 to rotate synchronously. The rotating shaft 102 drives the first gear 2052 to rotate. The first gear 2052 drives the second gear 2053 to rotate. The second gear 2053 drives the transmission shaft 2051 together with the third gear 2054 to rotate. The third gear 2054 drives the fourth gear 2055 to rotate. The fourth gear 2055 drives the drive shaft 203 to rotate synchronously. Among them, the gear ratio of the first gear 2052 is less than that of the second gear 2053, and the gear ratio of the third gear 2054 is less than that of the fourth gear 2055. Thus, the rotation speed of the drive shaft 203 is less than that of the rotating shaft 102. The drive shaft 203 drives the scraper 204 to rotate. The first fan 103 sucks the dust into the housing 1. The filter plate 201 filters the dust. The scraper 204 rotates to scrape the dust on the surface of the filter plate 201. The dust separated from the surface of the filter plate 201 drops into the water storage base 207. The triangular block 2091 on the scraper 204 rotates synchronously. When the triangular block 2091 rotates and passes through the water storage base 207, the limit of the housing 1 on the triangular block 2091 is released. The elastic force of the spring 2093 drives the triangular block 2091 to expand. The triangular block 2091 together with the water-absorbing sponge 2092 enters the water storage base 207. The water-absorbing sponge 2092 absorbs water. The triangular block 2091 rotates and squeezes the wedge-shaped block 2094, causing the wedge-shaped block 2094 to rotate along the fixed ring 206. Since the surfaces of the triangular block 2091 and the wedge-shaped block 2094 in contact are both wedge-shaped and are mutually adapted, at this time, the triangular block 2091 and the wedge-shaped block 2094 are squeezed, causing the triangular block 2091 to contract into the scraper 204. At the same time, the triangular block 2091, the water-absorbing sponge 2092, and the scraper 204 rotate synchronously. The scraper 204 scrapes the area of the filter plate 201 with dust. At this time, the water-filled water-absorbing sponge 2092 wets the area of the filter plate 201 that has been cleaned. The wind generated by the rotation of the first fan 103 passes through the wet filter plate 201. The water droplets on the surface of the filter plate 201 are discharged by the wind, causing the water droplets to form a water mist shape and be discharged from the housing 1 to the outside. The floating dust around the tunnel is dust-suppressed by the discharged water mist. At this time, the second fan 221 rotates in the opposite direction relative to the first fan 103, causing the filter plate 201 to rotate in the opposite direction synchronously, improving the cleaning efficiency of the scraper 204. The guide ring 222 guides the water mist, improving the flow rate of the water mist discharged to the outside. At the same time, when the triangular block 2091 rotates and squeezes the wedge-shaped block 2094 and causes it to rotate, the wedge-shaped block 2094 rotates synchronously with the water storage base 207. When the first discharge hole 2111 on the water storage base 207 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113 of the Y-shaped pipe 2112, part of the dust particles precipitate to the bottom of the water storage base 207. The dust particles precipitated at the bottom of the water storage base 207 are discharged from the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113. The discharged dust particles are discharged from the Y-shaped pipe 2112 to the outside. Thus, the intermittent discharge of the dust particles is realized. When the first fan 103 rotates,The rotating ring 212 outside the first fan 103 rotates synchronously. The extrusion groove 213 on the rotating ring 212 extrudes the ball 214, causing the ball 214 to roll along the extrusion groove 213. The ball 214 rolls along the extrusion groove 213 and moves up and down reciprocally. The extrusion groove 213 drives the L-shaped rod 216 to move up and down reciprocally along the Y-shaped tube 2112, and then causes the piston 215 to move up and down synchronously. When the piston 215 moves upward, a negative pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 away from the L-shaped rod 216. Among them, the first baffle 218 seals the first adjusting ring 217, and the second baffle 220 unfolds and releases the seal on the second adjusting ring 219. When the dust particles are discharged from the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113, the negative pressure drives the dust particles to smoothly enter the Y-shaped tube 2112. When the piston 215 moves downward, a positive pressure is generated at the end of the piston 215 away from the L-shaped rod 216. Among them, the first baffle 218 unfolds and releases the seal on the first adjusting ring 217, and the second baffle 220 seals the second adjusting ring 219, so that the dust particles in the Y-shaped tube 2112 are discharged by the assistance of the positive pressure. By sealing the second adjusting ring 219 with the second baffle 220, the generation of positive pressure at the part where the first discharge hole 2111 coincides with the second discharge hole 2113 is prevented, and thus the backflow of dust particles is prevented.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "connection", "fixation" and other terms shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or communication with each other; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components, unless otherwise clearly limited. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0059] Obviously, the above-described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The accompanying drawings show the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosed content of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing specific embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any equivalent structure directly or indirectly using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention in other related technical fields is similarly within the scope of the patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction, comprising a housing (1), a motor (101) arranged in the housing (1), a rotating shaft (102) arranged at the output end of the motor (101), and a fan (103) arranged on the rotating shaft (102), characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning mechanism (2) disposed in the housing (1); The cleaning mechanism (2) comprises a filter plate (201) arranged on the shell (1), a hollow seat (202) arranged in the shell (1), a drive shaft (203) rotatably arranged on the hollow seat (202), a scraper (204) arranged on the drive shaft (203), a speed reduction assembly (205) arranged in the hollow seat (202), an atomization assembly (209) arranged in the shell (1), and a discharge assembly (211) arranged in the shell (1).

2. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reduction assembly (205) comprises a transmission shaft (2051) rotatably arranged in the hollow seat (202); a gear one (2052) is arranged on the rotating shaft (102); a gear two (2053) and a gear three (2054) are arranged on the transmission shaft (2051); a gear four (2055) is arranged on the drive shaft (203); the gear one (2052) and the gear two (2053) are adapted to each other, and the gear three (2054) and the gear four (2055) are adapted to each other.

3. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: A fixing ring (206) is fixedly passed through the shell (1), a water storage seat (207) is rotatably arranged inside the fixing ring (206), an external pipe (208) is fixedly passed through the fixing ring (206), and one end of the scraper (204) away from the filter plate (201) is wedge-shaped.

4. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The atomizing assembly (209) comprises a triangular block (2091) slidably arranged on the scraper (204), a water-absorbing sponge (2092) being arranged on the triangular block (2091), a spring (2093) being connected on the corresponding surfaces of the triangular block (2091) and the scraper (204), and a plurality of wedge-shaped blocks (2094) being arranged in the water storage seat (207).

5. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of wedge-shaped blocks (2094) are distributed in a circular array in the water storage seat (207), and positioning columns (210) are provided on the plurality of wedge-shaped blocks (2094).

6. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The discharge assembly (211) comprises a discharge hole 1 (2111) arranged on the water storage seat (207); a Y-shaped tube (2112) is arranged on the fixing ring (206); a discharge hole 2 (2113) is arranged at one end of the Y-shaped tube (2112) close to the water storage seat (207); and the discharge hole 1 (2111) and the discharge hole 2 (2113) are adapted to each other.

7. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that: A rotating ring (212) is arranged on the outer side of the fan 1 (103), and the rotating ring (212) is rotatably arranged in the housing (1). An extrusion groove (213) is arranged on the rotating ring (212), and a ball (214) is slidably arranged on the extrusion groove (213). A piston (215) is slidably arranged in the Y-shaped tube (2112), and an L-shaped rod (216) is arranged on the piston (215). The ball (214) is rotatably arranged on the L-shaped rod (216), and the L-shaped rod (216) is slidably arranged on the Y-shaped tube (2112). An adjusting ring 1 (217) is arranged on the Y-shaped tube (2112), and a baffle 1 (218) is rotatably arranged on the adjusting ring 1 (217). The rotating parts of the adjusting ring 1 (217) and the baffle 1 (218) are connected by a torsion spring.

8. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The Y-shaped tube (2112) is provided with an adjusting ring 2 (219), and a baffle 2 (220) is rotatably provided on the adjusting ring 2 (219), and the rotating parts of the adjusting ring 2 (219) and the baffle 2 (220) are connected by a torsion spring.

9. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 8, characterized in that: One end of the Y-shaped tube (2112) connected to the shell (1) is inclined, and the bottom of the water storage seat (207) is truncated.

10. A dust reduction ventilation device for tunnel construction according to claim 9, characterized in that: The filter plate (201) is rotatably arranged in the housing (1), a second fan (221) is arranged on the filter plate (201), and a guide ring (222) is arranged in the housing (1).

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