Wind turbine generator tower top displacement test verification method and test system

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind turbine generator tower top displacement test verification method and test system, and the method comprises the steps: building a wind turbine generator tower top displacement test system; collecting tower top displacement data, environment working condition data and fan operation data by adopting a wind turbine generator tower top displacement test system, and calibrating the tower top displacement data; according to the calibrated tower top displacement data, the environment working condition data and the fan operation data, obtaining a test tower top displacement value under each working condition; simulation is carried out according to the tested environment working condition boundary condition, the simulation tower top displacement value under each working condition is obtained, the tested tower top displacement value and the simulation tower top displacement value are compared, and the deviation value of testing and simulation is calculated. The tower top displacement data under various working conditions are tested by adopting a low-cost and high-reliability test method, and then compared with unit simulation, data support can be provided for evaluating the reliability of a unit tower drum and optimizing design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and in particular to a method and system for testing and verifying the displacement of the top of a wind turbine tower. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the development of wind power technology, wind turbines have become increasingly large-scale, and the turbines are getting taller. Coupled with the development and application of flexible tower designs, the displacement of the top of the tower of the unit is getting larger and larger. In some units, there is even an obvious sway of the nacelle, which affects the safety and life of the unit. If the tower collapses, it will cause huge economic losses.

[0003] At present, the industry and IEC standards have not made relevant specifications for the test and verification of the displacement of the tower barrel of the unit. The displacement value of the tower barrel under the operating state is based on the design simulation value. However, due to various factors, there is a large gap between the simulation and the actual situation, which poses a greater risk. Therefore, for the safety and reliability of the unit, it is very necessary to effectively test and verify the displacement of the tower barrel of the wind turbine, compare the test data with the simulation for verification, form a closed-loop confirmation of the design, optimize the design, optimize the simulation software, provide data support for the reliability of the design, and also study the actual displacement of the tower barrel to provide data support for corresponding solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a method for testing and verifying the displacement of the top of a wind turbine, which uses a low-cost and highly reliable test method to test the displacement data of the top of the tower under various working conditions, and then compares it with the simulation of the unit, so as to provide data support for evaluating the reliability of the tower barrel of the unit and optimizing the design.

[0005] Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a test system for the displacement of the top of a wind turbine.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A method for testing and verifying the displacement of the top of a wind turbine includes:

[0008] Construct a test system for the displacement of the top of a wind turbine;

[0009] Use the test system for the displacement of the top of a wind turbine to collect the displacement data of the top of the tower, environmental condition data, and fan operation data, and calibrate the displacement data of the top of the tower;

[0010] Obtain the measured displacement values of the top of the tower under various working conditions according to the calibrated displacement data of the top of the tower, environmental condition data, and fan operation data;

[0011] The simulation is performed according to the boundary conditions of the tested environmental working conditions, the simulated tower top displacement values ​​under various working conditions are obtained, the tested tower top displacement values ​​and the simulated tower top displacement values ​​are compared, and the deviation values ​​between the tested and simulated tower top displacement values ​​are calculated.

[0012] Furthermore, the wind turbine tower top displacement test system comprises:

[0013] Conduct site flatness assessment and install the test unit on a site that meets the flatness requirements;

[0014] Evaluate the available sectors for testing based on the installation location of the test unit, evaluate the range of the available sectors, and determine the main wind direction range of the unit based on previous wind resources;

[0015] Determine the installation location of the wind tower based on the available sectors and the main wind direction of the unit;

[0016] At least two high-precision Beidou locators are configured, at least one of which is installed on the top of the cabin of the test unit as a test point to reflect the displacement of the tower top, and at least one high-precision Beidou locator is installed in the open space around the tower base of the test unit as a reference point to display relative displacement. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud platform in real time via satellite communication.

[0017] Furthermore, the wind measurement tower is located in an area with a distance from the center of the wind rotor of the test unit as a starting point and a distance from the center of the wind rotor to four times of the diameter of the wind rotor along the main wind direction.

[0018] Furthermore, a wind tower is used to collect environmental operating data, including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure meteorological data. The SCADA system of the test unit is used to collect wind turbine operation data, including wind turbine power, operating mode, yaw angle, cabin north position, cabin vibration signal, wind turbine speed and direction. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud platform via wireless communication.

[0019] Furthermore, the calibration of the tower top displacement data includes:

[0020] When the wind speed is less than 5m / s, the test unit is yawed 1.5 circles clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, and the relative displacement values ​​of the two high-precision Beidou locators of the wind turbine tower top displacement test system and the position angle of the wind turbine nacelle are recorded in real time. The horizontal movement trajectory of the high-precision Beidou locator after one circle of yaw is a circle, and then the calibration base circle radius R0 is calculated according to the formula.

[0021]

[0022] Among them, X0 represents the east-west displacement of the calibration data, Y0 represents the north-south displacement of the calibration data, and R0 represents the radius of the calibration base circle.

[0023] Further, obtaining the measured tower top displacement values under various working conditions based on the calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental working condition data, and wind turbine operation data includes:

[0024] Through time synchronization and merging of the calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental working condition data, and wind turbine operation data, the data is cut into 10-minute segments, and the matrix acquisition data is captured with wind speed magnitude, turbulence, and shear as the distinguishing conditions to generate a database.

[0025] Then, according to the formula The X and Y data are synthesized into R, where X represents the displacement of the test data in the east-west direction, Y represents the displacement of the test data in the north-south direction, and R represents the synthesis channel of X and Y.

[0026] Furthermore, according to the formula R_cal = R - R0 for calibration and correction, the wind turbine operation displacement R_cal is obtained, where R0 represents the calibrated base circle radius. The unavailable data is filtered out, and statistical plotting is performed to obtain the relationship between the tower top displacement and the wind speed.

[0027] Further, simulating according to the measured environmental working condition boundary conditions to obtain the simulated tower top displacement values under various working conditions, comparing the measured tower top displacement values and the simulated tower top displacement values, and calculating the deviation values between the measurement and the simulation, including:

[0028] The simulation design model uses the environmental working condition boundary conditions measured on-site as input conditions to simulate the simulated tower top displacement values under various working conditions, and calculates the deviation values between the measurement and the simulation according to the comparison formula.

[0029] Deviation value = |(Measured tower top displacement value - Simulated tower top displacement value) ÷ Measured tower top displacement value| × 100%.

[0030] Another object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0031] A wind turbine tower top displacement measurement system for implementing the above-mentioned wind turbine tower top displacement test and verification method includes:

[0032] An anemometer tower installed near the test unit and within the area ranging from 2 to 4 times the wind wheel diameter along the main wind direction starting from the wind wheel center of the test unit, for collecting environmental working condition data;

[0033] At least two high-precision Beidou positioning devices, where at least one high-precision Beidou positioning device is installed on the top of the nacelle of the test unit as a test point to reflect the tower top displacement, and at least one high-precision Beidou positioning device is installed in the open space around the tower base of the test unit as a reference point to display the relative displacement;

[0034] SCADA system, using the SCADA system of the test unit to collect fan operation data;

[0035] The cloud platform is used to receive data collected by wind towers, high-precision Beidou locators and SCADA systems, process and analyze the data, and calculate the deviation values ​​of tests and simulations.

[0036] Furthermore, the wind tower is provided with an anemometer, a wind vane, a temperature and humidity sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. Easy installation and low cost. The main cost is the Beidou locator, which is installed on the top of the empty cabin or the top of the tower base box transformer cabinet. It is easy to operate and can be powered by 24V DC from the fan main control cabinet. There is no need for a collector to collect data. The Beidou locator automatically collects and transmits data. The sensor can be reused after the test.

[0039] 2. Accuracy can be verified. The Beidou positioning instrument calculates the relative displacement between the two sensors through the position coordinates. The data can be verified with a ruler. The data is reliable and accurate. The accuracy can also be verified by regular calibration and verification of the base circle diameter.

[0040] 3. Strong comparability. The test system collects accurate data, and uses wind towers to test wind speed, turbulence, shear and other wind resource boundaries, making the test and simulation highly comparable, providing strong data support for tower deformation and displacement research, and providing a real and reliable data source for model optimization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 Flow chart of wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method.

[0042] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of building a wind turbine tower top displacement test system.

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of data transmission.

[0044] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of yaw calibration data.

[0045] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the relationship between tower top displacement and wind speed.

[0046] Figure 6 The comparison chart of the tower top displacement values ​​between the test and simulation at the specific working condition boundary.

[0047] Figure 7 The tower top displacement deviation diagram for the test and simulation at the specific working condition boundary. Detailed implementation manners

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] Embodiment 1:

[0050] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for testing and verifying the displacement of the wind turbine tower top, including: S1. As Figure 2 shown, build a wind turbine tower top displacement test system, specifically including:

[0051] Conduct a site flatness assessment. If the IEC61400-12-1 site assessment is met, it is a flat terrain. Install the test unit 1 on the site that meets the flatness requirements. Taking the wind turbine diameter of 145m and the hub height of 140m as an example, no site calibration is required before the test. Otherwise, site calibration needs to be carried out first before the test, and then the test is carried out;

[0052] Evaluate the available sector for testing according to the installation position of the test unit 1 based on the IEC61400-12-1 standard, evaluate the range of the available sector, and determine the main wind direction range of the unit according to the previous wind resources;

[0053] Determine the installation position of the anemometer tower 6 according to the available sector and the main wind direction of the unit. The anemometer tower 6 is located in the area within the range of 2 to 4 times the wind turbine diameter from the wind turbine center of the test unit 1 along the main wind direction. The anemometer tower 6 installs wind measurement equipment according to the IEC61400-12-1 test standard, including an anemometer, a wind vane, a temperature and humidity sensor, and an atmospheric pressure sensor; assuming that the evaluated available sector is 10° to 80° north by east and the main wind direction of the unit is determined to be 30° to 100° according to the previous wind resources, then the anemometer tower 6 stands at the position of 2D to 4D (290m to 580m) in the azimuth of 30° to 80° of the test unit 1, and the height is the hub height of 140m.

[0054] At least two high-precision Beidou locators are configured, among which at least one high-precision Beidou locator 4 is installed on the top of the cabin 2 of the test unit 1 as a test point to reflect the displacement of the tower top, and at least one high-precision Beidou locator 5 is installed in an open area around the tower base of the test unit 1, such as the top of the box transformer cabinet 3, as a reference point to display the relative displacement. The collected relative displacement data each carry a satellite signal and are transmitted to the cloud platform in real time via satellite communication. By downloading and analyzing the data, the high-precision position displacement change value of the test point relative to the reference point is obtained.

[0055] The wind tower 6 is used to collect environmental working condition data, including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure meteorological data. The SCADA system of the test unit 1 is used to collect the fan operation data. The fan operation data is recorded and collected, including fan power, operation mode, yaw angle, cabin north position, cabin vibration signal, fan wind speed and wind direction. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud platform 7 via wireless communication, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0056] S2. Use the wind turbine tower top displacement test system to collect tower top displacement data, environmental condition data and wind turbine operation data, and calibrate the tower top displacement data; the calibration process is as follows:

[0057] When the wind speed is less than 5m / s, the test unit is yawed 1.5 circles clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, and the relative displacement values ​​of two high-precision Beidou locators and the position angle of the wind turbine cabin are recorded in real time;

[0058] Start yaw clockwise, record the initial angle N0 of the cabin position, record the cabin position N1 during the yaw process, and when N1-N0>540, the unit stops yaw clockwise. Similarly, yaw counterclockwise. The wind speed requirement during this period is less than 5m / s. Since the horizontal movement trajectory of the high-precision Beidou positioning instrument after one yaw is a circle, the calibration base circle radius R0 is calculated by the following formula:

[0059]

[0060] Among them, X0 represents the east-west displacement of the calibration data, Y0 represents the north-south displacement of the calibration data, and R0 represents the radius of the calibration base circle;

[0061] If the environment is stable during the calibration period, the base circle radius R0 will be basically constant, and R0 is the average value during the yaw period, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0062] S3, obtaining the test tower top displacement value under various working conditions according to the calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental condition data and fan operation data; specifically including:

[0063] The calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental condition data, and wind turbine operation data are merged through time synchronization, and the data is cut into 10-minute segments. Using wind speed magnitude, turbulence, and shear as discrimination conditions, data is captured by the acquisition matrix to generate a database;

[0064] Then, according to the formula X and Y data are synthesized into R. Here, X represents the displacement of the test data in the east-west direction, Y represents the displacement of the test data in the north-south direction, and R represents the synthesized channel of X and Y;

[0065] Furthermore, according to the formula R_cal = R - R0, the wind turbine operation displacement R_cal is calibrated and corrected. Unusable data, such as data when the unit is not operating or data with abnormal signals, is filtered out. The wind speed, turbulence, air density, and tower top displacement data are statistically calculated, and a statistical plot is made to obtain the relationship between the tower top displacement and the wind speed, as Figure 5 shown.

[0066] S4. Perform simulations based on the boundary conditions of the tested environmental conditions to obtain the simulated tower top displacement values under various conditions, compare the tested tower top displacement values with the simulated tower top displacement values, and calculate the deviation values between the test and the simulation; specifically including,

[0067] The simulation design model uses the boundary conditions of the environmental conditions tested on-site as input conditions to simulate the simulated tower top displacement values under various condition conditions. The statistical data is normalized and binned to calculate the deviation values between the test and the simulation according to the comparison formula,

[0068] Deviation value = |(tested tower top displacement value - simulated tower top displacement value) ÷ tested tower top displacement value| × 100%

[0069] The tested and simulated tower top displacement value data for specific condition boundaries as shown in Table 1 below are obtained, and a comparison chart of the tested and simulated tower top displacement values for specific condition boundaries as Figure 6 shown and a deviation chart of the tested and simulated tower top displacement values for specific condition boundaries as Figure 7 shown are drawn. If the deviation value is too large, the reasons need to be searched, analyzed, quantitatively analyzed, and optimized to solve until the deviation value is within the acceptable range, generally less than 5%.

[0070]

[0071] Table 1 Tested and simulated tower top displacement data for specific condition boundaries

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] This example provides a wind turbine tower top displacement test system for implementing the wind turbine tower top displacement test and verification method described in Example 1, including,

[0074] The wind tower is installed near the test unit and is located in an area ranging from 2 to 4 times the diameter of the wind rotor from the center of the wind rotor of the test unit along the main wind direction, and is used to collect environmental working condition data;

[0075] At least two high-precision Beidou locators, at least one of which is installed on the top of the cabin of the test unit as a test point to reflect the displacement of the tower top, and at least one high-precision Beidou locator is installed in an open area around the tower base of the test unit as a reference point to display the relative displacement;

[0076] SCADA system, using the SCADA system of the test unit to collect fan operation data;

[0077] The cloud platform is used to receive data collected by wind towers, high-precision Beidou locators and SCADA systems, process and analyze the data, and calculate the deviation values ​​of tests and simulations.

[0078] The wind tower is equipped with anemometer, wind direction, temperature and humidity sensors and atmospheric pressure sensors.

[0079] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and invention concept of the present invention within the scope disclosed by the present invention, which shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method, characterized in that: include, Build a wind turbine tower top displacement test system; The wind turbine tower top displacement test system is used to collect tower top displacement data, environmental condition data and wind turbine operation data, and the tower top displacement data is calibrated; According to the calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental condition data and fan operation data, the test tower top displacement value under various working conditions is obtained; The simulation is performed according to the boundary conditions of the tested environmental working conditions, the simulated tower top displacement values ​​under various working conditions are obtained, the tested tower top displacement values ​​and the simulated tower top displacement values ​​are compared, and the deviation values ​​between the tested and simulated tower top displacement values ​​are calculated.

2. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wind turbine tower top displacement test system comprises: Conduct site flatness assessment and install the test unit on a site that meets the flatness requirements; Evaluate the available sectors for testing based on the installation location of the test unit, evaluate the range of the available sectors, and determine the main wind direction range of the unit based on previous wind resources; Determine the installation location of the wind tower based on the available sectors and the main wind direction of the unit; At least two high-precision Beidou locators are configured, among which at least one high-precision Beidou locator is installed on the top of the cabin of the test unit as a test point to reflect the displacement of the tower top, and at least one high-precision Beidou locator is installed in the open space around the tower base of the test unit as a reference point to display the relative displacement. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud platform in real time via satellite communication.

3. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The wind measurement tower is located in an area with a distance from the center of the wind rotor of the test unit as the starting point and a distance from the center of the wind rotor to four times the diameter of the wind rotor along the main wind direction.

4. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A wind tower is used to collect environmental operating data, including wind speed, wind direction, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure meteorological data. The SCADA system of the test unit is used to collect fan operation data, including fan power, operating mode, yaw angle, cabin north position, cabin vibration signal, fan wind speed and wind direction. The collected data is transmitted to the cloud platform via wireless communication.

5. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower top displacement data is calibrated. include, When the wind speed is less than 5m / s, the test unit is yawed 1.5 circles clockwise and counterclockwise respectively, and the relative displacement values ​​of the two high-precision Beidou locators of the wind turbine tower top displacement test system and the position angle of the wind turbine nacelle are recorded in real time. The horizontal movement trajectory of the high-precision Beidou locator after one circle of yaw is a circle, and then the calibration base circle radius R0 is calculated according to the formula. Among them, X0 represents the east-west displacement of the calibration data, Y0 represents the north-south displacement of the calibration data, and R0 represents the radius of the calibration base circle.

6. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the test tower top displacement value under various working conditions according to the calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental working condition data and fan operation data includes: The calibrated tower top displacement data, environmental condition data and wind turbine operation data are merged in time, and the data is cut into 10-minute segments. The wind speed, turbulence and shear are used as distinguishing conditions, and the matrix is ​​captured to collect data and generate a database. Then according to the formula The X and Y data are combined into R, where X represents the displacement of the test data in the east-west direction, Y represents the displacement of the test data in the north-south direction, and R represents the X and Y composite channel. Then, the wind turbine operating displacement R_cal is obtained by calibration correction according to the formula R_cal=R-R0, where R0 represents the calibration base circle radius. Unusable data is filtered out, and statistical drawing is performed to obtain the relationship between tower top displacement and wind speed.

7. The wind turbine tower top displacement test verification method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation is performed according to the boundary conditions of the tested environmental working conditions, the simulated tower top displacement values ​​under various working conditions are obtained, the tested tower top displacement values ​​and the simulated tower top displacement values ​​are compared, and the deviation values ​​between the tested and simulated tower top displacement values ​​are calculated, including: The simulation design model takes the environmental working condition boundary conditions of the field test as input conditions, simulates the simulated tower top displacement values ​​under various working conditions, and calculates the deviation value between the test and simulation according to the comparison formula. Deviation value = |(test tower top displacement value - simulation tower top displacement value) ÷ test tower top displacement value |×100%.

8. A wind turbine tower top displacement testing system, characterized in that: The method for testing and verifying the wind turbine tower top displacement according to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises: The wind tower is installed near the test unit and is located in an area ranging from 2 to 4 times the diameter of the wind rotor from the center of the wind rotor of the test unit along the main wind direction, and is used to collect environmental working condition data; At least two high-precision Beidou locators, at least one of which is installed on the top of the cabin of the test unit as a test point to reflect the displacement of the tower top, and at least one high-precision Beidou locator is installed in an open area around the tower base of the test unit as a reference point to display the relative displacement; SCADA system, using the SCADA system of the test unit to collect fan operation data; The cloud platform is used to receive data collected by wind towers, high-precision Beidou locators and SCADA systems, process and analyze the data, and calculate the deviation values ​​of tests and simulations.

9. The wind turbine tower top displacement testing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The wind tower is provided with an anemometer, a wind vane, a temperature and humidity sensor and an atmospheric pressure sensor.

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